source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ 60bc014

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Last change on this file since 60bc014 was 60bc014, checked in by Dan Nichilson <dnicholson@…>, 18 years ago

Updated to Glibc-2.4. Added a patch for iconv and removed unnecessary
patches from glibc-2.3.6.

git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@7788 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689

  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 31.5 KB
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
12
13 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
14 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
15 </indexterm>
16
17 <sect2 role="package">
18 <title/>
19
20 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
21 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
22 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
23 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
24
25 <segmentedlist>
26 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
27 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
28
29 <seglistitem>
30 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
31 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
32 </seglistitem>
33 </segmentedlist>
34
35 </sect2>
36
37 <sect2 role="installation">
38 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
39
40 <note>
41 <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
42 order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
43 home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
44 <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
45 implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
46 implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
47 an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
48 Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
49 </note>
50
51 <para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
52 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
53 pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
54 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
55 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
56 of achieving a clean build.</para>
57
58 <para>The glibc-libidn tarball adds support for internationalized domain
59 names (IDN) to Glibc. Many programs that support IDN require the full
60 <filename class="libraryfile">libidn</filename> library, not this add-on (see
61 <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/general/libidn.html"/>).
62 Unpack the tarball from within the Glibc source directory:</para>
63
64<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../glibc-libidn-&glibc-version;.tar.bz2
65mv glibc-libidn-&glibc-version; libidn</userinput></screen>
66
67 <para>Apply the following patch to fix an assertion failure when
68 opening two conversion descriptors with the same tocode and fromcode
69 parameters (see the iconv_open man page):</para>
70
71<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-iconv_fix-patch;</userinput></screen>
72
73 <para>In the vi_VN.TCVN locale, <command>bash</command> enters an infinite loop
74 at startup. It is unknown whether this is a <command>bash</command> bug or a
75 Glibc problem. Disable installation of this locale in order to avoid the
76 problem:</para>
77
78<screen><userinput>sed -i '/vi_VN.TCVN/d' localedata/SUPPORTED</userinput></screen>
79
80 <para>When running <command>make install</command>, a script called
81 <filename>test-installation.pl</filename> performs a small sanity test on
82 our newly installed Glibc. However, because our toolchain still points to
83 the <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> directory, the sanity
84 test would be carried out against the wrong Glibc. We can force the script
85 to check the Glibc we have just installed with the following:</para>
86
87<screen><userinput>sed -i \
88's|libs -o|libs -L/usr/lib -Wl,-dynamic-linker=/lib/ld-linux.so.2 -o|' \
89 scripts/test-installation.pl</userinput></screen>
90
91 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
92 directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
93
94<screen><userinput>mkdir -v ../glibc-build
95cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
96
97 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
98
99<screen><userinput>../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
100 --disable-profile --enable-add-ons \
101 --enable-kernel=2.6.0 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</userinput></screen>
102
103 <variablelist>
104 <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
105
106 <varlistentry>
107 <term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</parameter></term>
108 <listitem>
109 <para>This changes the location of the <command>pt_chown</command>
110 program from its default of <filename
111 class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to <filename
112 class="directory">/usr/lib/glibc</filename>.</para>
113 </listitem>
114 </varlistentry>
115
116 </variablelist>
117
118 <para>Compile the package:</para>
119
120<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
121
122 <important>
123 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
124 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
125 </important>
126
127 <para>Test the results:</para>
128
129<screen><userinput>make -k check 2&gt;&amp;1 | tee glibc-check-log
130grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
131
132 <para>You will probably see an expected (ignored) failure in the
133 <emphasis>posix/annexc</emphasis> test. In addition the Glibc test suite
134 is somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most
135 common issues:</para>
136
137 <itemizedlist>
138 <listitem>
139 <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-clock2</emphasis> and
140 <emphasis>tst-attr3</emphasis> tests sometimes
141 fail. The reason is not completely understood, but indications
142 are that a heavy system load can trigger these failures.</para>
143 </listitem>
144 <listitem>
145 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
146 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new genuine Intel or
147 authentic AMD processor.</para>
148 </listitem>
149 <listitem>
150 <para>If you have mounted the LFS partition with the
151 <parameter>noatime</parameter> option, the <emphasis>atime</emphasis>
152 test will fail. As mentioned in <xref linkend="space-mounting"/>, do not
153 use the <parameter>noatime</parameter> option while building LFS.</para>
154 </listitem>
155 <listitem>
156 <para>When running on older and slower hardware or on systems under
157 load, some tests can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.</para>
158 </listitem>
159 </itemizedlist>
160
161 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
162 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
163 Prevent this warning with:</para>
164
165<screen><userinput>touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
166
167 <para>Install the package:</para>
168
169<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
170
171 <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different language
172 were not installed by the above command. None of the locales are required,
173 but if some of them are missing, testsuites of the future packages would
174 skip important testcases.</para>
175
176 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
177 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
178 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
179 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/de_DE</filename>
180 charset-independent locale definition with the
181 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/ISO-8859-1.gz</filename>
182 charmap definition and appends the result to the
183 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
184 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
185 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
186
187<screen role="nodump"><userinput>mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
188localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
189localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
190localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
191localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
192localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
193localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
194localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
195localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
196localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
197localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
198localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
199localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
200localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP</userinput></screen>
201
202 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
203 character set.</para>
204
205 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
206 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
207 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
208 following time-consuming command:</para>
209
210<screen><userinput>make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
211
212 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
213 install locales not listed in the
214 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
215 in the unlikely case if you need them.</para>
216 <!-- The Live CD patches the localedata/SUPPORTED file instead of
217 running localedef, the results are equivalent -->
218
219 </sect2>
220
221 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
222 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
223
224 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
225 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
226 </indexterm>
227
228 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
229 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
230 </indexterm>
231
232 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
233 because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or corrupt,
234 the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment. The time zone
235 also needs to be configured.</para>
236
237 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
238 following:</para>
239
240<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
241<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
242
243passwd: files
244group: files
245shadow: files
246
247hosts: files dns
248networks: files
249
250protocols: files
251services: files
252ethers: files
253rpc: files
254
255# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
256EOF</userinput></screen>
257
258 <para>One way to determine the local time zone, run the following
259 script:</para>
260
261<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
262
263 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
264 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
265 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
266 timezones listed in <filename
267 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
268 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
269 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
270
271 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
272 running:</para>
273
274<screen><userinput>cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> \
275 /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
276
277 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
278 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
279
280 <variablelist>
281 <title>The meaning of the cp option:</title>
282
283 <varlistentry>
284 <term><parameter>--remove-destination</parameter></term>
285 <listitem>
286 <para>This is needed to force removal of the already existing symbolic
287 link. The reason for copying the file instead of using a symlink is to
288 cover the situation where <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
289 is on a separate partition. This could be important when booted into
290 single user mode.</para>
291 </listitem>
292 </varlistentry>
293
294 </variablelist>
295
296 </sect2>
297
298 <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
299 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
300
301 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
302 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
303 </indexterm>
304
305 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
306 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
307 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
308 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
309 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
310 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
311 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
312 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
313 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
314 to contain additional libraries are <filename
315 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
316 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
317 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
318
319 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
320 following:</para>
321
322<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
323<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
324
325/usr/local/lib
326/opt/lib
327
328# End /etc/ld.so.conf</literal>
329EOF</userinput></screen>
330
331 </sect2>
332
333 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
334 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
335
336 <segmentedlist>
337 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
338 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
339
340 <seglistitem>
341 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
342 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, mtrace, nscd, pcprofiledump,
343 pt_chown, rpcgen, rpcinfo, sln, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
344 zdump, and zic</seg>
345 <seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
346 libbsd-compat.a, libc.{a,so}, libcidn.so, libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so},
347 libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so}, libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.a,
348 libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so,
349 libnss_nis.so, libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
350 libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so}, libthread_db.so, and
351 libutil.{a,so}</seg>
352 </seglistitem>
353 </segmentedlist>
354
355 <variablelist>
356 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
357 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
358 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
359
360 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
361 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
362 <listitem>
363 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
364 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
365 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
366 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
367 </indexterm>
368 </listitem>
369 </varlistentry>
370
371 <varlistentry id="gencat">
372 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
373 <listitem>
374 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
375 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
376 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
377 </indexterm>
378 </listitem>
379 </varlistentry>
380
381 <varlistentry id="getconf">
382 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
383 <listitem>
384 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
385 specific variables</para>
386 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
387 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
388 </indexterm>
389 </listitem>
390 </varlistentry>
391
392 <varlistentry id="getent">
393 <term><command>getent</command></term>
394 <listitem>
395 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
396 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
397 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
398 </indexterm>
399 </listitem>
400 </varlistentry>
401
402 <varlistentry id="iconv">
403 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
404 <listitem>
405 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
406 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
407 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
408 </indexterm>
409 </listitem>
410 </varlistentry>
411
412 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
413 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
414 <listitem>
415 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
416 files</para>
417 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
418 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
419 </indexterm>
420 </listitem>
421 </varlistentry>
422
423 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
424 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
425 <listitem>
426 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
427 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
428 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
429 </indexterm>
430 </listitem>
431 </varlistentry>
432
433 <varlistentry id="ldd">
434 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
435 <listitem>
436 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
437 by each given program or shared library</para>
438 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
439 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
440 </indexterm>
441 </listitem>
442 </varlistentry>
443
444 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
445 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
446 <listitem>
447 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
448 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
449 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
450 </indexterm>
451 </listitem>
452 </varlistentry>
453
454 <varlistentry id="locale">
455 <term><command>locale</command></term>
456 <listitem>
457 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
458 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
459 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
460 </indexterm>
461 </listitem>
462 </varlistentry>
463
464 <varlistentry id="localedef">
465 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
466 <listitem>
467 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
468 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
469 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
470 </indexterm>
471 </listitem>
472 </varlistentry>
473
474 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
475 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
476 <listitem>
477 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
478 in human-readable format</para>
479 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
480 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
481 </indexterm>
482 </listitem>
483 </varlistentry>
484
485 <varlistentry id="nscd">
486 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
487 <listitem>
488 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
489 service requests</para>
490 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
491 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
492 </indexterm>
493 </listitem>
494 </varlistentry>
495
496 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
497 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
498 <listitem>
499 <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
500 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
501 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
502 </indexterm>
503 </listitem>
504 </varlistentry>
505
506 <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
507 <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
508 <listitem>
509 <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
510 group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
511 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
512 <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
513 </indexterm>
514 </listitem>
515 </varlistentry>
516
517 <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
518 <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
519 <listitem>
520 <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procecure Call (RPC)
521 protocol</para>
522 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
523 <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
524 </indexterm>
525 </listitem>
526 </varlistentry>
527
528 <varlistentry id="rpcinfo">
529 <term><command>rpcinfo</command></term>
530 <listitem>
531 <para>Makes an RPC call to an RPC server</para>
532 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcinfo">
533 <primary sortas="b-rpcinfo">rpcinfo</primary>
534 </indexterm>
535 </listitem>
536 </varlistentry>
537
538 <varlistentry id="sln">
539 <term><command>sln</command></term>
540 <listitem>
541 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
542 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
543 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
544 </indexterm>
545 </listitem>
546 </varlistentry>
547
548 <varlistentry id="sprof">
549 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
550 <listitem>
551 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
552 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
553 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
554 </indexterm>
555 </listitem>
556 </varlistentry>
557
558 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
559 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
560 <listitem>
561 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
562 the corresponding time zone description</para>
563 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
564 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
565 </indexterm>
566 </listitem>
567 </varlistentry>
568
569 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
570 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
571 <listitem>
572 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
573 executed function</para>
574 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
575 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
576 </indexterm>
577 </listitem>
578 </varlistentry>
579
580 <varlistentry id="zdump">
581 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
582 <listitem>
583 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
584 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
585 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
586 </indexterm>
587 </listitem>
588 </varlistentry>
589
590 <varlistentry id="zic">
591 <term><command>zic</command></term>
592 <listitem>
593 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
594 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
595 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
596 </indexterm>
597 </listitem>
598 </varlistentry>
599
600 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
601 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
602 <listitem>
603 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
604 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
605 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
606 </indexterm>
607 </listitem>
608 </varlistentry>
609
610 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
611 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
612 <listitem>
613 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
614 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
615 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
616 for more information</para>
617 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
618 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
619 </indexterm>
620 </listitem>
621 </varlistentry>
622
623 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
624 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
625 <listitem>
626 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
627 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
628 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
629 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
630 </indexterm>
631 </listitem>
632 </varlistentry>
633
634 <varlistentry id="libanl">
635 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
636 <listitem>
637 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
638 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
639 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
640 </indexterm>
641 </listitem>
642 </varlistentry>
643
644 <varlistentry id="libbsd-compat">
645 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libbsd-compat</filename></term>
646 <listitem>
647 <para>Provides the portability needed in order to run certain Berkey
648 Software Distribution (BSD) programs under Linux</para>
649 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libbsd-compat">
650 <primary sortas="c-libbsd-compat">libbsd-compat</primary>
651 </indexterm>
652 </listitem>
653 </varlistentry>
654
655 <varlistentry id="libc">
656 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
657 <listitem>
658 <para>The main C library</para>
659 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
660 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
661 </indexterm>
662 </listitem>
663 </varlistentry>
664
665 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
666 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
667 <listitem>
668 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
669 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
670 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
671 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
672 </indexterm>
673 </listitem>
674 </varlistentry>
675
676 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
677 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
678 <listitem>
679 <para>The cryptography library</para>
680 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
681 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
682 </indexterm>
683 </listitem>
684 </varlistentry>
685
686 <varlistentry id="libdl">
687 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
688 <listitem>
689 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
690 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
691 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
692 </indexterm>
693 </listitem>
694 </varlistentry>
695
696 <varlistentry id="libg">
697 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
698 <listitem>
699 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
700 library for <command>g++</command></para>
701 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
702 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
703 </indexterm>
704 </listitem>
705 </varlistentry>
706
707 <varlistentry id="libieee">
708 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
709 <listitem>
710 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
711 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
712 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
713 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
714 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
715 </indexterm>
716 </listitem>
717 </varlistentry>
718
719 <varlistentry id="libm">
720 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
721 <listitem>
722 <para>The mathematical library</para>
723 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
724 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
725 </indexterm>
726 </listitem>
727 </varlistentry>
728
729 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
730 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
731 <listitem>
732 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
733 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
734 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
735 </indexterm>
736 </listitem>
737 </varlistentry>
738
739 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
740 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
741 <listitem>
742 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
743 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
744 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
745 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
746 </indexterm>
747 </listitem>
748 </varlistentry>
749
750 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
751 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
752 <listitem>
753 <para>The network services library</para>
754 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
755 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
756 </indexterm>
757 </listitem>
758 </varlistentry>
759
760 <varlistentry id="libnss">
761 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
762 <listitem>
763 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
764 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
765 protocols, etc.</para>
766 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
767 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
768 </indexterm>
769 </listitem>
770 </varlistentry>
771
772 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
773 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
774 <listitem>
775 <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
776 time spent in specific source code lines</para>
777 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
778 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
779 </indexterm>
780 </listitem>
781 </varlistentry>
782
783 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
784 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
785 <listitem>
786 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
787 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
788 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
789 </indexterm>
790 </listitem>
791 </varlistentry>
792
793 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
794 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
795 <listitem>
796 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
797 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
798 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
799 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
800 </indexterm>
801 </listitem>
802 </varlistentry>
803
804 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
805 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
806 <listitem>
807 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
808 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
809 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
810 </indexterm>
811 </listitem>
812 </varlistentry>
813
814 <varlistentry id="librt">
815 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
816 <listitem>
817 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
818 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
819 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
820 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
821 </indexterm>
822 </listitem>
823 </varlistentry>
824
825 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
826 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
827 <listitem>
828 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
829 multi-threaded programs</para>
830 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
831 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
832 </indexterm>
833 </listitem>
834 </varlistentry>
835
836 <varlistentry id="libutil">
837 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
838 <listitem>
839 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
840 many different Unix utilities</para>
841 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
842 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
843 </indexterm>
844 </listitem>
845 </varlistentry>
846
847 </variablelist>
848
849 </sect2>
850
851</sect1>
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