| 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 | ]>
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| 7 |
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| 8 | <sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
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| 9 | <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
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| 10 |
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| 11 | <sect1info condition="script">
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| 12 | <productname>glibc</productname>
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| 13 | <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
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| 14 | <address>&glibc-url;</address>
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| 15 | </sect1info>
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| 16 |
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| 17 | <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
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| 18 |
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| 19 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
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| 20 | <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
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| 21 | </indexterm>
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| 22 |
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| 23 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 24 | <title/>
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| 25 |
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| 26 | <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
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| 27 | the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
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| 28 | closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
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| 29 | arithmetic, and so on.</para>
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| 30 |
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| 31 | <segmentedlist>
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| 32 | <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
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| 33 | <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
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| 34 |
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| 35 | <seglistitem>
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| 36 | <seg>&glibc-fin-sbu;</seg>
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| 37 | <seg>&glibc-fin-du;</seg>
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| 38 | </seglistitem>
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| 39 | </segmentedlist>
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| 40 |
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| 41 | </sect2>
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| 42 |
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| 43 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 44 | <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
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| 45 |
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| 46 | <para>Some of the Glibc programs use the non-FHS compliant
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| 47 | <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
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| 48 | their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
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| 49 | store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
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| 50 |
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| 51 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
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| 52 |
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| 53 | <para>Now fix two security vulnerabilities and a regression causing the
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| 54 | posix_memalign() function very slow in some conditions:</para>
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| 55 |
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| 56 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-upstream-fixes-patch;</userinput></screen>
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| 57 |
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| 58 | <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc
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| 59 | in a dedicated build directory:</para>
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| 60 |
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| 61 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
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| 62 | cd build</userinput></screen>
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| 63 |
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| 64 | <para>Ensure that the <command>ldconfig</command> and <command>sln</command>
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| 65 | utilities will be installed into
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| 66 | <filename class="directory">/usr/sbin</filename>:</para>
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| 67 |
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| 68 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">echo "rootsbindir=/usr/sbin" > configparms</userinput></screen>
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| 69 |
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| 70 | <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
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| 71 |
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| 72 | <screen arch="default"><userinput remap="configure">../configure --prefix=/usr \
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| 73 | --disable-werror \
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| 74 | --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
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| 75 | --enable-stack-protector=strong \
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| 76 | --with-headers=/usr/include \
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| 77 | --disable-nscd \
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| 78 | libc_cv_slibdir=/usr/lib</userinput></screen>
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| 79 | <screen arch="ml_32,ml_x32,ml_all"><userinput remap="configure">../configure --prefix=/usr \
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| 80 | --disable-werror \
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| 81 | --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
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| 82 | --enable-stack-protector=strong \
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| 83 | --with-headers=/usr/include \
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| 84 | --enable-multi-arch \
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| 85 | libc_cv_slibdir=/usr/lib</userinput></screen>
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| 86 |
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| 87 | <variablelist>
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| 88 | <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
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| 89 |
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| 90 | <varlistentry>
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| 91 | <term><parameter>--disable-werror</parameter></term>
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| 92 | <listitem>
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| 93 | <para>This option disables the -Werror option passed to
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| 94 | GCC. This is necessary for running the test suite.</para>
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| 95 | </listitem>
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| 96 | </varlistentry>
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| 97 |
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| 98 | <varlistentry>
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| 99 | <term><parameter>--enable-kernel=&min-kernel;</parameter></term>
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| 100 | <listitem>
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| 101 | <para>This option tells the build system that this Glibc may
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| 102 | be used with kernels as old as &min-kernel;. This means generating
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| 103 | workarounds in case a system call introduced in a later version
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| 104 | cannot be used.</para>
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| 105 | </listitem>
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| 106 | </varlistentry>
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| 107 |
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| 108 | <varlistentry>
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| 109 | <term><parameter>--enable-stack-protector=strong</parameter></term>
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| 110 | <listitem>
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| 111 | <para>This option increases system security by adding
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| 112 | extra code to check for buffer overflows, such as stack
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| 113 | smashing attacks.</para>
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| 114 | </listitem>
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| 115 | </varlistentry>
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| 116 | <!-- do we need this one? -->
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| 117 | <varlistentry>
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| 118 | <term><parameter>--with-headers=/usr/include</parameter></term>
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| 119 | <listitem>
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| 120 | <para>This option tells the build system where to find the
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| 121 | kernel API headers.</para>
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| 122 | </listitem>
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| 123 | </varlistentry>
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| 124 |
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| 125 | <varlistentry>
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| 126 | <term><parameter>--disable-nscd</parameter></term>
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| 127 | <listitem>
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| 128 | <para>Do not build the name service cache daemon which is no
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| 129 | longer used.</para>
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| 130 | </listitem>
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| 131 | </varlistentry>
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| 132 |
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| 133 | <varlistentry>
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| 134 | <term><parameter>libc_cv_slibdir=/usr/lib</parameter></term>
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| 135 | <listitem>
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| 136 | <para>This variable sets the correct library for all
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| 137 | systems. We do not want lib64 to be used.</para>
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| 138 | </listitem>
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| 139 | </varlistentry>
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| 140 |
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| 141 | </variablelist>
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| 142 |
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| 143 | <para>Compile the package:</para>
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| 144 |
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| 145 | <screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
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| 146 |
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| 147 | <important>
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| 148 | <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
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| 149 | Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
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| 150 | </important>
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| 151 |
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| 152 | <para>Generally a few tests do not pass. The test failures listed below
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| 153 | are usually safe to ignore.</para>
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| 154 |
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| 155 | <!-- Use remap="make" here to work around a jhalfs issue. -->
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| 156 | <!--<screen><userinput remap="make">case $(uname -m) in
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| 157 | i?86) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux.so.2 /lib ;;
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| 158 | x86_64) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib ;;
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| 159 | esac</userinput></screen>
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| 160 |
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| 161 | <note><para>The symbolic link above is needed to run the tests at this
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| 162 | stage of building in the chroot environment. It will be overwritten
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| 163 | in the install phase below.</para></note>
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| 164 | -->
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| 165 | <screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
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| 166 |
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| 167 | <para>You may see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
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| 168 | somewhat dependent on the host system. A few failures out of
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| 169 | over 5000 tests can generally be ignored. This is a list of the
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| 170 | most common issues seen for recent versions of LFS:</para>
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| 171 |
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| 172 | <itemizedlist>
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| 173 |
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| 174 | <listitem>
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| 175 | <para><emphasis>io/tst-lchmod</emphasis>
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| 176 | is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
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| 177 | </listitem>
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| 178 |
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| 179 | <!-- Did not fail with glibc-2.38
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| 180 | <listitem>
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| 181 | <para><emphasis>misc/tst-ttyname</emphasis>
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| 182 | is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
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| 183 | </listitem>
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| 184 | -->
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| 185 |
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| 186 | <!-- https://sourceware.org/pipermail/libc-alpha/2022-August/141567.html -->
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| 187 | <listitem>
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| 188 | <para>The <emphasis>stdlib/tst-arc4random-thread</emphasis>
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| 189 | test is known to fail if the host kernel is relatively old.</para>
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| 190 | </listitem>
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| 191 |
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| 192 | <listitem>
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| 193 | <para>Some tests, for example
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| 194 | <emphasis>nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-multi</emphasis>,
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| 195 | are known to fail on relatively slow systems due to an internal
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| 196 | timeout.</para>
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| 197 | </listitem>
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| 198 |
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| 199 | <listitem>
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| 200 | <para>Additionally, some tests may fail with a relatively old CPU
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| 201 | model or host kernel version.</para>
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| 202 | </listitem>
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| 203 | </itemizedlist>
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| 204 |
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| 205 | <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
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| 206 | complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
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| 207 | Prevent this warning with:</para>
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| 208 |
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| 209 | <screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
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| 210 |
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| 211 | <!-- https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=21911 -->
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| 212 | <para>Fix the Makefile to skip an outdated sanity check
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| 213 | that fails with a modern Glibc configuration:</para>
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| 214 |
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| 215 | <screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/test-installation/s@$(PERL)@echo not running@' -i ../Makefile</userinput></screen>
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| 216 |
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| 217 | <para>Install the package:</para>
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| 218 |
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| 219 | <screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
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| 220 |
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| 221 | <para>Fix a hardcoded path to the executable loader in the
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| 222 | <command>ldd</command> script:</para>
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| 223 |
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| 224 | <screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/RTLDLIST=/s@/usr@@g' -i /usr/bin/ldd</userinput></screen>
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| 225 | <!--
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| 226 | <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
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| 227 | <command>nscd</command>:</para>
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| 228 |
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| 229 | <screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
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| 230 | mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
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| 231 |
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| 232 | <para revision="systemd">Install the systemd support files for
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| 233 | <command>nscd</command>:</para>
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| 234 |
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| 235 | <screen revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
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| 236 | install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
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| 237 | -->
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| 238 | <para>Next, install the locales that can make the system respond in a
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| 239 | different language. None of these locales are required, but if some of them
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| 240 | are missing, the test suites of some packages will skip important
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| 241 | test cases.</para>
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| 242 |
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| 243 | <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
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| 244 | <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the second
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| 245 | <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
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| 246 | <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
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| 247 | charset-independent locale definition with the
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| 248 | <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
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| 249 | charmap definition and appends the result to the
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| 250 | <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
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| 251 | The following instructions will install the minimum set of
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| 252 | locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
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| 253 |
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| 254 | <screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
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| 255 | localedef -i POSIX -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8 2> /dev/null || true
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| 256 | localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
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| 257 | localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
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| 258 | localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
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| 259 | localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
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| 260 | localedef -i el_GR -f ISO-8859-7 el_GR
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| 261 | localedef -i en_GB -f ISO-8859-1 en_GB
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| 262 | localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
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| 263 | localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
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| 264 | localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
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| 265 | localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
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| 266 | localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
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| 267 | localedef -i es_ES -f ISO-8859-15 es_ES@euro
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| 268 | localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
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| 269 | localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
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| 270 | localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
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| 271 | localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
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| 272 | localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
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| 273 | localedef -i is_IS -f ISO-8859-1 is_IS
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| 274 | localedef -i is_IS -f UTF-8 is_IS.UTF-8
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| 275 | localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
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| 276 | localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-15 it_IT@euro
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| 277 | localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
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| 278 | localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
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| 279 | localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SJIS 2> /dev/null || true
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| 280 | localedef -i ja_JP -f UTF-8 ja_JP.UTF-8
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| 281 | localedef -i nl_NL@euro -f ISO-8859-15 nl_NL@euro
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| 282 | localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
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| 283 | localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
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| 284 | localedef -i se_NO -f UTF-8 se_NO.UTF-8
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| 285 | localedef -i ta_IN -f UTF-8 ta_IN.UTF-8
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| 286 | localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
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| 287 | localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030
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| 288 | localedef -i zh_HK -f BIG5-HKSCS zh_HK.BIG5-HKSCS
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| 289 | localedef -i zh_TW -f UTF-8 zh_TW.UTF-8</userinput></screen>
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| 290 |
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| 291 | <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
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| 292 | character set.</para>
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| 293 |
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| 294 | <para>Alternatively, install all the locales listed in the
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| 295 | <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
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| 296 | (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
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| 297 | following time-consuming command:</para>
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| 298 |
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| 299 | <screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
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| 300 |
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| 301 | <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
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| 302 | install locales not listed in the
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| 303 | <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
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| 304 | when you need them. For instance, the following two locales are
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| 305 | needed for some tests later in this chapter:</para>
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| 306 |
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| 307 | <screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-full">localedef -i POSIX -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8 2> /dev/null || true
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| 308 | localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SJIS 2> /dev/null || true</userinput></screen>
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| 309 |
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| 310 | <note><para>Glibc now uses libidn2 when resolving internationalized
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| 311 | domain names. This is a run time dependency. If this capability
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| 312 | is needed, the instructions for installing libidn2 are in the
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| 313 | <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/libidn2.html">BLFS libidn2 page</ulink>.
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| 314 | </para></note>
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| 315 |
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| 316 | </sect2>
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| 317 |
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| 318 | <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
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| 319 | <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
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| 320 |
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| 321 | <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
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| 322 | <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
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| 323 | </indexterm>
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| 324 |
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| 325 | <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
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| 326 | <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
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| 327 | </indexterm>
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| 328 |
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| 329 | <sect3>
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| 330 | <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
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| 331 |
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| 332 | <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
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| 333 | because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
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| 334 | </para>
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| 335 |
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| 336 | <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
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| 337 | following:</para>
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| 338 |
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| 339 | <screen revision='sysv'><userinput>cat > /etc/nsswitch.conf << "EOF"
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| 340 | <literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
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| 341 |
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| 342 | passwd: files
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| 343 | group: files
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| 344 | shadow: files
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| 345 |
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| 346 | hosts: files dns
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| 347 | networks: files
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| 348 |
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| 349 | protocols: files
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| 350 | services: files
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| 351 | ethers: files
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| 352 | rpc: files
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| 353 |
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| 354 | # End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
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| 355 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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| 356 |
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| 357 | <screen revision='systemd'><userinput>cat > /etc/nsswitch.conf << "EOF"
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| 358 | <literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
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| 359 |
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| 360 | passwd: files systemd
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| 361 | group: files systemd
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| 362 | shadow: files systemd
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| 363 |
|
|---|
| 364 | hosts: mymachines resolve [!UNAVAIL=return] files myhostname dns
|
|---|
| 365 | networks: files
|
|---|
| 366 |
|
|---|
| 367 | protocols: files
|
|---|
| 368 | services: files
|
|---|
| 369 | ethers: files
|
|---|
| 370 | rpc: files
|
|---|
| 371 |
|
|---|
| 372 | # End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
|
|---|
| 373 | EOF</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 374 |
|
|---|
| 375 | </sect3>
|
|---|
| 376 |
|
|---|
| 377 | <sect3>
|
|---|
| 378 | <title>Adding Time Zone Data</title>
|
|---|
| 379 |
|
|---|
| 380 | <para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para>
|
|---|
| 381 | <screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
|
|---|
| 382 |
|
|---|
| 383 | ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
|
|---|
| 384 | mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
|
|---|
| 385 |
|
|---|
| 386 | for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
|
|---|
| 387 | asia australasia backward; do
|
|---|
| 388 | zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO ${tz}
|
|---|
| 389 | zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix ${tz}
|
|---|
| 390 | zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right ${tz}
|
|---|
| 391 | done
|
|---|
| 392 |
|
|---|
| 393 | cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
|
|---|
| 394 | zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
|
|---|
| 395 | unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 396 |
|
|---|
| 397 | <variablelist>
|
|---|
| 398 | <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
|
|---|
| 399 |
|
|---|
| 400 | <varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 401 | <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
|
|---|
| 402 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 403 | <para>This creates posix time zones without any leap seconds. It is
|
|---|
| 404 | conventional to put these in both
|
|---|
| 405 | <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
|
|---|
| 406 | <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
|
|---|
| 407 | necessary to put the POSIX time zones in
|
|---|
| 408 | <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
|
|---|
| 409 | test suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
|
|---|
| 410 | tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save
|
|---|
| 411 | 1.9 MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
|
|---|
| 412 | directory, but some applications or test suites might produce some
|
|---|
| 413 | failures.</para>
|
|---|
| 414 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 415 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 416 | <varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 417 | <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
|
|---|
| 418 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 419 | <para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an
|
|---|
| 420 | embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
|
|---|
| 421 | ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could
|
|---|
| 422 | save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
|
|---|
| 423 | directory.</para>
|
|---|
| 424 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 425 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 426 | <varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 427 | <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
|
|---|
| 428 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 429 | <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
|
|---|
| 430 | New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
|
|---|
| 431 | to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
|
|---|
| 432 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 433 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 434 | </variablelist>
|
|---|
| 435 |
|
|---|
| 436 |
|
|---|
| 437 | <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
|
|---|
| 438 | script:</para>
|
|---|
| 439 |
|
|---|
| 440 | <screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 441 |
|
|---|
| 442 | <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
|
|---|
| 443 | output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
|
|---|
| 444 | <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
|
|---|
| 445 | time zones listed in <filename
|
|---|
| 446 | class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
|
|---|
| 447 | <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
|
|---|
| 448 | are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
|
|---|
| 449 |
|
|---|
| 450 | <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
|
|---|
| 451 | running:</para>
|
|---|
| 452 |
|
|---|
| 453 | <screen><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable><xxx></replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 454 |
|
|---|
| 455 | <para>Replace <replaceable><xxx></replaceable> with the name of the
|
|---|
| 456 | time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
|
|---|
| 457 |
|
|---|
| 458 | </sect3>
|
|---|
| 459 |
|
|---|
| 460 | <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
|
|---|
| 461 | <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
|
|---|
| 462 |
|
|---|
| 463 | <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
|
|---|
| 464 | <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
|
|---|
| 465 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 466 |
|
|---|
| 467 | <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
|
|---|
| 468 | class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
|
|---|
| 469 | <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries
|
|---|
| 470 | that are needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are
|
|---|
| 471 | libraries in directories other than
|
|---|
| 472 | <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
|
|---|
| 473 | to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
|
|---|
| 474 | dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
|
|---|
| 475 | to contain additional libraries are <filename
|
|---|
| 476 | class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
|
|---|
| 477 | class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
|
|---|
| 478 | dynamic loader's search path.</para>
|
|---|
| 479 |
|
|---|
| 480 | <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
|
|---|
| 481 | following:</para>
|
|---|
| 482 |
|
|---|
| 483 | <screen><userinput>cat > /etc/ld.so.conf << "EOF"
|
|---|
| 484 | <literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
|
|---|
| 485 | /usr/local/lib
|
|---|
| 486 | /opt/lib
|
|---|
| 487 | </literal>
|
|---|
| 488 | EOF</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 489 |
|
|---|
| 490 | <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
|
|---|
| 491 | include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
|
|---|
| 492 | this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
|
|---|
| 493 | To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
|
|---|
| 494 |
|
|---|
| 495 | <screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat >> /etc/ld.so.conf << "EOF"
|
|---|
| 496 | <literal># Add an include directory
|
|---|
| 497 | include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
|
|---|
| 498 | </literal>
|
|---|
| 499 | EOF
|
|---|
| 500 | mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 501 |
|
|---|
| 502 | </sect3>
|
|---|
| 503 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 504 |
|
|---|
| 505 | <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
|
|---|
| 506 | <!-- Multilib - 32bit -->
|
|---|
| 507 | <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
|
|---|
| 508 | <sect2 arch="ml_32,ml_all">
|
|---|
| 509 | <title>Building Glibc - 32bit</title>
|
|---|
| 510 |
|
|---|
| 511 | <para>Now recompile for m32. The extracted source can be
|
|---|
| 512 | reused but needs to be cleaned before installing the m32
|
|---|
| 513 | version of Glibc.</para>
|
|---|
| 514 |
|
|---|
| 515 | <para>Clear the build directory and remove artefacts from
|
|---|
| 516 | previous build:</para>
|
|---|
| 517 |
|
|---|
| 518 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf ./*
|
|---|
| 519 | find .. -name "*.a" -delete</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 520 |
|
|---|
| 521 | <para>Configure Glibc for m32 with the following commands:</para>
|
|---|
| 522 |
|
|---|
| 523 | <screen><userinput remap="configure">CC="gcc -m32" CXX="g++ -m32" \
|
|---|
| 524 | ../configure \
|
|---|
| 525 | --prefix=/usr \
|
|---|
| 526 | --host=i686-pc-linux-gnu \
|
|---|
| 527 | --build=$(../scripts/config.guess) \
|
|---|
| 528 | --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
|
|---|
| 529 | --with-headers=/usr/include \
|
|---|
| 530 | --enable-multi-arch \
|
|---|
| 531 | --libdir=/usr/lib32 \
|
|---|
| 532 | --libexecdir=/usr/lib32 \
|
|---|
| 533 | libc_cv_slibdir=/usr/lib32</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 534 |
|
|---|
| 535 | <para>Compile the package:</para>
|
|---|
| 536 |
|
|---|
| 537 | <screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 538 |
|
|---|
| 539 | <para>Install the package:</para>
|
|---|
| 540 |
|
|---|
| 541 | <screen><userinput remap="install">make DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR install
|
|---|
| 542 | cp -a DESTDIR/usr/lib32/* /usr/lib32/
|
|---|
| 543 | install -vm644 DESTDIR/usr/include/gnu/{lib-names,stubs}-32.h \
|
|---|
| 544 | /usr/include/gnu/</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 545 | <!-- no longer required as they are created in chap5
|
|---|
| 546 | ln -svf ../lib32/ld-linux.so.2 /lib/ld-linux.so.2
|
|---|
| 547 | -->
|
|---|
| 548 |
|
|---|
| 549 | <para>Add the library name to the dynamic loader config:</para>
|
|---|
| 550 |
|
|---|
| 551 | <screen role="install"><userinput>echo "/usr/lib32" >> /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 552 |
|
|---|
| 553 | <caution>
|
|---|
| 554 | <para>At this point, it is imperative to stop and ensure that the basic
|
|---|
| 555 | functions (compiling and linking) of the new toolchain are working as
|
|---|
| 556 | expected. To perform a sanity check, run the following commands:</para>
|
|---|
| 557 |
|
|---|
| 558 | <screen><userinput>echo 'int main(){}' > dummy.c
|
|---|
| 559 | gcc -m32 dummy.c
|
|---|
| 560 | readelf -l a.out | grep '/ld-linux'</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 561 |
|
|---|
| 562 | <para>If everything is working correctly, there should be no errors,
|
|---|
| 563 | and the output of the last command will be of the form:</para>
|
|---|
| 564 |
|
|---|
| 565 | <screen><computeroutput>[Requesting program interpreter: /lib/ld-linux.so.2]</computeroutput></screen>
|
|---|
| 566 |
|
|---|
| 567 | <para>If the output is not shown as above or there was no output at all,
|
|---|
| 568 | then something is wrong. Investigate and retrace the steps to find out
|
|---|
| 569 | where the problem is and correct it. This issue must be resolved before
|
|---|
| 570 | continuing on.</para>
|
|---|
| 571 |
|
|---|
| 572 | <para>Once all is well, clean up the test files:</para>
|
|---|
| 573 |
|
|---|
| 574 | <screen><userinput>rm -v dummy.c a.out</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 575 |
|
|---|
| 576 | </caution>
|
|---|
| 577 |
|
|---|
| 578 | </sect2><!-- m32 -->
|
|---|
| 579 |
|
|---|
| 580 | <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
|
|---|
| 581 | <!-- Multilib - x32bit -->
|
|---|
| 582 | <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
|
|---|
| 583 |
|
|---|
| 584 | <sect2 arch="ml_x32,ml_all">
|
|---|
| 585 | <title>Building Glibc - x32bit</title>
|
|---|
| 586 |
|
|---|
| 587 | <para>Now recompile for mx32. The extracted source can be
|
|---|
| 588 | reused but needs to be cleaned before installing the mx32
|
|---|
| 589 | version of Glibc.</para>
|
|---|
| 590 |
|
|---|
| 591 | <para>Clear the build directory and remove artefacts from
|
|---|
| 592 | previous build:</para>
|
|---|
| 593 |
|
|---|
| 594 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf ./*
|
|---|
| 595 | find .. -name "*.a" -delete</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 596 |
|
|---|
| 597 | <para>Configure Glibc for mx32 with the following commands:</para>
|
|---|
| 598 |
|
|---|
| 599 | <screen><userinput remap="configure">CC="gcc -mx32" CXX="g++ -mx32" \
|
|---|
| 600 | ../configure \
|
|---|
| 601 | --prefix=/usr \
|
|---|
| 602 | --host=x86_64-pc-linux-gnux32 \
|
|---|
| 603 | --build=$(../scripts/config.guess) \
|
|---|
| 604 | --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
|
|---|
| 605 | --with-headers=/usr/include \
|
|---|
| 606 | --enable-multi-arch \
|
|---|
| 607 | --libdir=/usr/libx32 \
|
|---|
| 608 | --libexecdir=/usr/libx32 \
|
|---|
| 609 | libc_cv_slibdir=/usr/libx32</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 610 |
|
|---|
| 611 | <para>Compile the package:</para>
|
|---|
| 612 |
|
|---|
| 613 | <screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 614 |
|
|---|
| 615 | <para>Install the package:</para>
|
|---|
| 616 |
|
|---|
| 617 | <screen><userinput remap="install">make DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR install
|
|---|
| 618 | cp -a DESTDIR/usr/libx32/* /usr/libx32/
|
|---|
| 619 | install -vm644 DESTDIR/usr/include/gnu/{lib-names,stubs}-x32.h \
|
|---|
| 620 | /usr/include/gnu/</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 621 | <!-- no longer required as they are created in chap5
|
|---|
| 622 | ln -svf ../libx32/ld-linux-x32.so.2 /lib/ld-linux-x32.so.2
|
|---|
| 623 | -->
|
|---|
| 624 | <para>Add the library name to the dynamic loader config:</para>
|
|---|
| 625 |
|
|---|
| 626 | <screen role="install"><userinput>echo "/usr/libx32" >> /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 627 |
|
|---|
| 628 | <caution>
|
|---|
| 629 | <para>At this point, it is imperative to stop and ensure that the basic
|
|---|
| 630 | functions (compiling and linking) of the new toolchain are working as
|
|---|
| 631 | expected. To perform a sanity check, run the following commands:</para>
|
|---|
| 632 |
|
|---|
| 633 | <screen><userinput>echo 'int main(){}' > dummy.c
|
|---|
| 634 | gcc -mx32 dummy.c
|
|---|
| 635 | readelf -l a.out | grep '/ld-linux-x32'</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 636 |
|
|---|
| 637 | <para>If everything is working correctly, there should be no errors,
|
|---|
| 638 | and the output of the last command will be of the form:</para>
|
|---|
| 639 |
|
|---|
| 640 | <screen><computeroutput>[Requesting program interpreter: /libx32/ld-linux-x32.so.2]</computeroutput></screen>
|
|---|
| 641 |
|
|---|
| 642 | <para>If the output is not shown as above or there was no output at all,
|
|---|
| 643 | then something is wrong. Investigate and retrace the steps to find out
|
|---|
| 644 | where the problem is and correct it. This issue must be resolved before
|
|---|
| 645 | continuing on.</para>
|
|---|
| 646 |
|
|---|
| 647 | <para>Once all is well, clean up the test files:</para>
|
|---|
| 648 |
|
|---|
| 649 | <screen><userinput>rm -v dummy.c a.out</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 650 |
|
|---|
| 651 | </caution>
|
|---|
| 652 |
|
|---|
| 653 | </sect2><!-- mx32 -->
|
|---|
| 654 |
|
|---|
| 655 | <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
|
|---|
| 656 | <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
|
|---|
| 657 |
|
|---|
| 658 | <segmentedlist>
|
|---|
| 659 | <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
|---|
| 660 | <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
|
|---|
| 661 | <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
|
|---|
| 662 |
|
|---|
| 663 | <seglistitem>
|
|---|
| 664 | <seg>gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
|
|---|
| 665 | ldd, lddlibc4,
|
|---|
| 666 | ld.so (symlink to ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 or ld-linux.so.2),
|
|---|
| 667 | locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd,
|
|---|
| 668 | pcprofiledump, pldd, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
|
|---|
| 669 | zdump, and zic</seg>
|
|---|
| 670 | <seg>ld-linux-x86-64.so.2, ld-linux.so.2,
|
|---|
| 671 | libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libanl.{a,so},
|
|---|
| 672 | libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libc_malloc_debug.so,
|
|---|
| 673 | libdl.{a,so.2}, libg.a, libm.{a,so},
|
|---|
| 674 | libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libmvec.{a,so}, libnsl.so.1,
|
|---|
| 675 | libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so,
|
|---|
| 676 | libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so.0},
|
|---|
| 677 | libresolv.{a,so}, librt.{a,so.1},
|
|---|
| 678 | libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so.1}</seg>
|
|---|
| 679 | <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
|
|---|
| 680 | /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
|
|---|
| 681 | /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
|
|---|
| 682 | /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
|
|---|
| 683 | /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
|
|---|
| 684 | /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc,
|
|---|
| 685 | /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
|
|---|
| 686 | /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
|
|---|
| 687 | /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
|
|---|
| 688 | </seglistitem>
|
|---|
| 689 | </segmentedlist>
|
|---|
| 690 |
|
|---|
| 691 | <variablelist>
|
|---|
| 692 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
|---|
| 693 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
|---|
| 694 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
|---|
| 695 |
|
|---|
| 696 | <varlistentry id="gencat">
|
|---|
| 697 | <term><command>gencat</command></term>
|
|---|
| 698 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 699 | <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
|
|---|
| 700 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
|
|---|
| 701 | <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
|
|---|
| 702 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 703 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 704 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 705 |
|
|---|
| 706 | <varlistentry id="getconf">
|
|---|
| 707 | <term><command>getconf</command></term>
|
|---|
| 708 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 709 | <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
|
|---|
| 710 | specific variables</para>
|
|---|
| 711 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
|
|---|
| 712 | <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
|
|---|
| 713 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 714 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 715 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 716 |
|
|---|
| 717 | <varlistentry id="getent">
|
|---|
| 718 | <term><command>getent</command></term>
|
|---|
| 719 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 720 | <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
|
|---|
| 721 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
|
|---|
| 722 | <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
|
|---|
| 723 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 724 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 725 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 726 |
|
|---|
| 727 | <varlistentry id="iconv">
|
|---|
| 728 | <term><command>iconv</command></term>
|
|---|
| 729 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 730 | <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
|
|---|
| 731 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
|
|---|
| 732 | <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
|
|---|
| 733 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 734 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 735 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 736 |
|
|---|
| 737 | <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
|
|---|
| 738 | <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
|
|---|
| 739 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 740 | <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
|
|---|
| 741 | files</para>
|
|---|
| 742 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
|
|---|
| 743 | <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
|
|---|
| 744 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 745 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 746 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 747 |
|
|---|
| 748 | <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
|
|---|
| 749 | <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
|
|---|
| 750 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 751 | <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
|
|---|
| 752 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
|
|---|
| 753 | <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
|
|---|
| 754 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 755 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 756 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 757 |
|
|---|
| 758 | <varlistentry id="ldd">
|
|---|
| 759 | <term><command>ldd</command></term>
|
|---|
| 760 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 761 | <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
|
|---|
| 762 | by each given program or shared library</para>
|
|---|
| 763 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
|
|---|
| 764 | <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
|
|---|
| 765 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 766 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 767 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 768 |
|
|---|
| 769 | <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
|
|---|
| 770 | <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
|
|---|
| 771 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 772 | <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files.
|
|---|
| 773 | It does not exist on newer architectures like x86_64</para>
|
|---|
| 774 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
|
|---|
| 775 | <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
|
|---|
| 776 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 777 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 778 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 779 |
|
|---|
| 780 | <varlistentry id="locale">
|
|---|
| 781 | <term><command>locale</command></term>
|
|---|
| 782 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 783 | <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
|
|---|
| 784 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
|
|---|
| 785 | <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
|
|---|
| 786 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 787 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 788 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 789 |
|
|---|
| 790 | <varlistentry id="localedef">
|
|---|
| 791 | <term><command>localedef</command></term>
|
|---|
| 792 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 793 | <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
|
|---|
| 794 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
|
|---|
| 795 | <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
|
|---|
| 796 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 797 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 798 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 799 |
|
|---|
| 800 | <varlistentry id="makedb">
|
|---|
| 801 | <term><command>makedb</command></term>
|
|---|
| 802 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 803 | <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
|
|---|
| 804 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
|
|---|
| 805 | <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
|
|---|
| 806 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 807 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 808 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 809 |
|
|---|
| 810 | <varlistentry id="mtrace">
|
|---|
| 811 | <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
|
|---|
| 812 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 813 | <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
|
|---|
| 814 | in human-readable format</para>
|
|---|
| 815 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
|
|---|
| 816 | <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
|
|---|
| 817 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 818 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 819 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 820 |
|
|---|
| 821 | <varlistentry id="nscd">
|
|---|
| 822 | <term><command>nscd</command></term>
|
|---|
| 823 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 824 | <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
|
|---|
| 825 | service requests</para>
|
|---|
| 826 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
|
|---|
| 827 | <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
|
|---|
| 828 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 829 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 830 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 831 |
|
|---|
| 832 | <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
|
|---|
| 833 | <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
|
|---|
| 834 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 835 | <para>Dump information generated by PC profiling</para>
|
|---|
| 836 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
|
|---|
| 837 | <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
|
|---|
| 838 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 839 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 840 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 841 |
|
|---|
| 842 | <varlistentry id="pldd">
|
|---|
| 843 | <term><command>pldd</command></term>
|
|---|
| 844 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 845 | <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
|
|---|
| 846 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
|
|---|
| 847 | <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
|
|---|
| 848 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 849 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 850 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 851 |
|
|---|
| 852 | <varlistentry id="sln">
|
|---|
| 853 | <term><command>sln</command></term>
|
|---|
| 854 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 855 | <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
|
|---|
| 856 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
|
|---|
| 857 | <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
|
|---|
| 858 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 859 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 860 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 861 |
|
|---|
| 862 | <varlistentry id="sotruss">
|
|---|
| 863 | <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
|
|---|
| 864 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 865 | <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
|
|---|
| 866 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
|
|---|
| 867 | <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
|
|---|
| 868 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 869 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 870 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 871 |
|
|---|
| 872 | <varlistentry id="sprof">
|
|---|
| 873 | <term><command>sprof</command></term>
|
|---|
| 874 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 875 | <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
|
|---|
| 876 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
|
|---|
| 877 | <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
|
|---|
| 878 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 879 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 880 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 881 |
|
|---|
| 882 | <varlistentry id="tzselect">
|
|---|
| 883 | <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
|
|---|
| 884 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 885 | <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
|
|---|
| 886 | the corresponding time zone description</para>
|
|---|
| 887 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
|
|---|
| 888 | <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
|
|---|
| 889 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 890 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 891 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 892 |
|
|---|
| 893 | <varlistentry id="xtrace">
|
|---|
| 894 | <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
|
|---|
| 895 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 896 | <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
|
|---|
| 897 | executed function</para>
|
|---|
| 898 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
|
|---|
| 899 | <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
|
|---|
| 900 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 901 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 902 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 903 |
|
|---|
| 904 | <varlistentry id="zdump">
|
|---|
| 905 | <term><command>zdump</command></term>
|
|---|
| 906 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 907 | <para>The time zone dumper</para>
|
|---|
| 908 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
|
|---|
| 909 | <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
|
|---|
| 910 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 911 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 912 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 913 |
|
|---|
| 914 | <varlistentry id="zic">
|
|---|
| 915 | <term><command>zic</command></term>
|
|---|
| 916 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 917 | <para>The time zone compiler</para>
|
|---|
| 918 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
|
|---|
| 919 | <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
|
|---|
| 920 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 921 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 922 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 923 |
|
|---|
| 924 | <varlistentry id="ld.so">
|
|---|
| 925 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-*.so</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 926 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 927 | <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
|
|---|
| 928 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
|
|---|
| 929 | <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
|
|---|
| 930 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 931 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 932 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 933 |
|
|---|
| 934 | <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
|
|---|
| 935 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 936 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 937 | <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
|
|---|
| 938 | (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
|
|---|
| 939 | <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
|
|---|
| 940 | for more information</para>
|
|---|
| 941 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
|
|---|
| 942 | <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
|
|---|
| 943 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 944 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 945 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 946 |
|
|---|
| 947 | <varlistentry id="libanl">
|
|---|
| 948 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 949 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 950 | <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was the
|
|---|
| 951 | asynchronous name lookup library, whose functions are now in
|
|---|
| 952 | <filename class='libraryfile'>libc</filename></para>
|
|---|
| 953 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
|
|---|
| 954 | <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
|
|---|
| 955 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 956 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 957 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 958 |
|
|---|
| 959 | <varlistentry id="libc">
|
|---|
| 960 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 961 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 962 | <para>The main C library</para>
|
|---|
| 963 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
|
|---|
| 964 | <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
|
|---|
| 965 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 966 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 967 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 968 |
|
|---|
| 969 | <varlistentry id="libc_malloc_debug">
|
|---|
| 970 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc_malloc_debug</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 971 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 972 | <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when preloaded</para>
|
|---|
| 973 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc_malloc_debug">
|
|---|
| 974 | <primary sortas="c-libc_malloc_debug">libc_malloc_debug</primary>
|
|---|
| 975 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 976 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 977 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 978 |
|
|---|
| 979 | <varlistentry id="libdl">
|
|---|
| 980 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 981 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 982 | <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was the
|
|---|
| 983 | dynamic linking interface library, whose functions are now in
|
|---|
| 984 | <filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></para>
|
|---|
| 985 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
|
|---|
| 986 | <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
|
|---|
| 987 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 988 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 989 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 990 |
|
|---|
| 991 | <varlistentry id="libg">
|
|---|
| 992 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 993 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 994 | <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
|
|---|
| 995 | library for <command>g++</command></para>
|
|---|
| 996 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
|
|---|
| 997 | <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
|
|---|
| 998 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 999 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 1000 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 1001 |
|
|---|
| 1002 | <varlistentry id="libm">
|
|---|
| 1003 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 1004 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 1005 | <para>The mathematical library</para>
|
|---|
| 1006 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
|
|---|
| 1007 | <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
|
|---|
| 1008 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 1009 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 1010 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 1011 |
|
|---|
| 1012 | <varlistentry id="libmvec">
|
|---|
| 1013 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmvec</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 1014 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 1015 | <para>The vector math library, linked in as needed
|
|---|
| 1016 | when <filename class='libraryfile'>libm</filename> is used</para>
|
|---|
| 1017 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmvec">
|
|---|
| 1018 | <primary sortas="c-libmvec">libmvec</primary>
|
|---|
| 1019 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 1020 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 1021 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 1022 |
|
|---|
| 1023 | <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
|
|---|
| 1024 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 1025 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 1026 | <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
|
|---|
| 1027 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
|
|---|
| 1028 | <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
|
|---|
| 1029 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 1030 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 1031 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 1032 |
|
|---|
| 1033 | <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
|
|---|
| 1034 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 1035 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 1036 | <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
|
|---|
| 1037 | information about the memory usage of a program</para>
|
|---|
| 1038 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
|
|---|
| 1039 | <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
|
|---|
| 1040 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 1041 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 1042 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 1043 |
|
|---|
| 1044 | <varlistentry id="libnsl">
|
|---|
| 1045 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 1046 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 1047 | <para>The network services library, now deprecated</para>
|
|---|
| 1048 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
|
|---|
| 1049 | <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
|
|---|
| 1050 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 1051 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 1052 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 1053 |
|
|---|
| 1054 | <varlistentry id="libnss">
|
|---|
| 1055 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss_*</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 1056 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 1057 | <para>The Name Service Switch modules, containing functions for
|
|---|
| 1058 | resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
|
|---|
| 1059 | protocols, etc. Loaded by
|
|---|
| 1060 | <filename class='libraryfile'>libc</filename> according to the
|
|---|
| 1061 | configuration in <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename></para>
|
|---|
| 1062 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
|
|---|
| 1063 | <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss_*</primary>
|
|---|
| 1064 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 1065 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 1066 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 1067 |
|
|---|
| 1068 | <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
|
|---|
| 1069 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 1070 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 1071 | <para>Can be preloaded to PC profile an executable</para>
|
|---|
| 1072 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
|
|---|
| 1073 | <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
|
|---|
| 1074 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 1075 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 1076 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 1077 |
|
|---|
| 1078 | <varlistentry id="libpthread">
|
|---|
| 1079 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 1080 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 1081 | <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously contained
|
|---|
| 1082 | functions providing most of the interfaces specified
|
|---|
| 1083 | by the POSIX.1c Threads Extensions and the semaphore interfaces
|
|---|
| 1084 | specified by the POSIX.1b Real-time Extensions, now the functions
|
|---|
| 1085 | are in <filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></para>
|
|---|
| 1086 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
|
|---|
| 1087 | <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
|
|---|
| 1088 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 1089 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 1090 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 1091 |
|
|---|
| 1092 | <varlistentry id="libresolv">
|
|---|
| 1093 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 1094 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 1095 | <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
|
|---|
| 1096 | packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
|
|---|
| 1097 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
|
|---|
| 1098 | <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
|
|---|
| 1099 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 1100 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 1101 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 1102 |
|
|---|
| 1103 | <varlistentry id="librt">
|
|---|
| 1104 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 1105 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 1106 | <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
|
|---|
| 1107 | by the POSIX.1b Real-time Extensions</para>
|
|---|
| 1108 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
|
|---|
| 1109 | <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
|
|---|
| 1110 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 1111 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 1112 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 1113 |
|
|---|
| 1114 | <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
|
|---|
| 1115 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 1116 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 1117 | <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
|
|---|
| 1118 | multi-threaded programs</para>
|
|---|
| 1119 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
|
|---|
| 1120 | <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
|
|---|
| 1121 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 1122 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 1123 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 1124 |
|
|---|
| 1125 | <varlistentry id="libutil">
|
|---|
| 1126 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 1127 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 1128 | <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously contained
|
|---|
| 1129 | code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
|
|---|
| 1130 | many different Unix utilities. These functions are now in
|
|---|
| 1131 | <filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></para>
|
|---|
| 1132 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
|
|---|
| 1133 | <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
|
|---|
| 1134 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 1135 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 1136 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 1137 |
|
|---|
| 1138 | </variablelist>
|
|---|
| 1139 |
|
|---|
| 1140 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 1141 |
|
|---|
| 1142 | </sect1>
|
|---|
