source: chapter08/systemd.xml@ 372bbbb

multilib
Last change on this file since 372bbbb was 372bbbb, checked in by Thomas Trepl <thomas@…>, 6 months ago

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap" revision="systemd">
9 <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>systemd</productname>
13 <productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&systemd-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
20 <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
27 running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
28
29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
32
33 <seglistitem>
34 <seg>&systemd-fin-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&systemd-fin-du;</seg>
36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
38 </sect2>
39
40 <sect2 role="installation">
41 <title>Installation of systemd</title>
42
43 <para>Remove two unneeded groups,
44 <systemitem class="groupname">render</systemitem> and
45 <systemitem class="groupname">sgx</systemitem>, from the default udev
46 rules:</para>
47
48 <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i -e 's/GROUP="render"/GROUP="video"/' \
49 -e 's/GROUP="sgx", //' rules.d/50-udev-default.rules.in</userinput></screen>
50
51 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
52
53<screen><userinput remap="configure">mkdir -p build
54cd build
55
56meson setup \
57 --prefix=/usr \
58 --buildtype=release \
59 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
60 -Dfirstboot=false \
61 -Dinstall-tests=false \
62 -Dldconfig=false \
63 -Dsysusers=false \
64 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
65 -Dhomed=disabled \
66 -Duserdb=false \
67 -Dman=false \
68 -Dmode=release \
69 -Dpamconfdir=no \
70 -Ddev-kvm-mode=0660 \
71 -Dnobody-group=nogroup \
72 -Dsysupdate=disabled \
73 -Dukify=disabled \
74 -Ddocdir=/usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version; \
75 ..</userinput></screen>
76
77 <variablelist>
78 <title>The meaning of the meson options:</title>
79
80 <varlistentry>
81 <term><parameter>--buildtype=release</parameter></term>
82 <listitem>
83 <para>This switch overrides the default buildtype
84 (<quote>debug</quote>), which produces unoptimized
85 binaries.</para>
86 </listitem>
87 </varlistentry>
88
89 <varlistentry>
90 <term><parameter>-Ddefault-dnssec=no</parameter></term>
91 <listitem>
92 <para>This switch turns off the experimental DNSSEC support.</para>
93 </listitem>
94 </varlistentry>
95
96 <varlistentry>
97 <term><parameter>-Dfirstboot=false</parameter></term>
98 <listitem>
99 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
100 services responsible for setting up the system for
101 the first time. These are not useful in LFS, because
102 everything is done manually.</para>
103 </listitem>
104 </varlistentry>
105
106 <varlistentry>
107 <term><parameter>-Dinstall-tests=false</parameter></term>
108 <listitem>
109 <para>This switch prevents installation of the compiled tests.</para>
110 </listitem>
111 </varlistentry>
112
113 <varlistentry>
114 <term><parameter>-Dldconfig=false</parameter></term>
115 <listitem>
116 <para>This switch prevents installation of a systemd unit that runs
117 <command>ldconfig</command> at boot; this is not useful for source
118 distributions such as LFS, and makes the boot time longer. Remove
119 this option to enable running <command>ldconfig</command> at boot.</para>
120 </listitem>
121 </varlistentry>
122
123 <varlistentry>
124 <term><parameter>-Dsysusers=false</parameter></term>
125 <listitem>
126 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
127 services responsible for setting up the
128 <filename>/etc/group</filename> and
129 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> files. Both files
130 were created in the previous chapter. This daemon is not useful
131 on an LFS system since user accounts are manually created.</para>
132 </listitem>
133 </varlistentry>
134
135 <varlistentry>
136 <term><parameter>-Drpmmacrosdir=no</parameter></term>
137 <listitem>
138 <para>This switch disables installation of RPM Macros
139 for use with systemd, because LFS does not support RPM.</para>
140 </listitem>
141 </varlistentry>
142
143 <varlistentry>
144 <term><parameter>-Dhomed=disabled</parameter> and
145 <parameter>-Duserdb=false</parameter></term>
146 <listitem>
147 <para>Remove two daemons with dependencies that do not fit
148 within the scope of LFS.</para>
149 </listitem>
150 </varlistentry>
151
152 <varlistentry>
153 <term><parameter>-Dman=false</parameter></term>
154 <listitem>
155 <para>Prevent the generation of man pages to avoid extra
156 dependencies. We will install pre-generated man pages for systemd
157 from a tarball.</para>
158 </listitem>
159 </varlistentry>
160
161 <varlistentry>
162 <term><parameter>-Dmode=release</parameter></term>
163 <listitem>
164 <para>Disable some features considered experimental by upstream.
165 </para>
166 </listitem>
167 </varlistentry>
168
169 <varlistentry>
170 <term><parameter>-Dpamconfdir=no</parameter></term>
171 <listitem>
172 <para>Prevent the installation of a PAM configuration file not
173 functional on LFS.</para>
174 </listitem>
175 </varlistentry>
176
177 <varlistentry>
178 <term><parameter>-Ddev-kvm-mode=0660</parameter></term>
179 <listitem>
180 <para>The default udev rule would allow all users to access
181 <filename class='devicefile'>/dev/kvm</filename>. The editors
182 consider it dangerous. This option overrides it.</para>
183 </listitem>
184 </varlistentry>
185
186 <varlistentry>
187 <term><parameter>-Dnobody-group=nogroup</parameter></term>
188 <listitem>
189 <para>Tell the package the group name with GID 65534 is
190 <systemitem class='groupname'>nogroup</systemitem>.</para>
191 </listitem>
192 </varlistentry>
193
194 <varlistentry>
195 <term><parameter>-Dsysupdate=disabled</parameter></term>
196 <listitem>
197 <para>Do not install the <command>systemd-sysupdate</command>
198 tool. It's designed for automatically upgrading binary distros,
199 so it's useless for a basic Linux system built from source.
200 And it will report errors on boot if it's enabled but not properly
201 configured.</para>
202 </listitem>
203 </varlistentry>
204
205 <varlistentry>
206 <term><parameter>-Dukify=disabled</parameter></term>
207 <listitem>
208 <para>Do not install the <command>systemd-ukify</command> script.
209 At runtime this script requires the
210 <application>pefile</application> Python module that neither LFS
211 nor BLFS provides.</para>
212 </listitem>
213 </varlistentry>
214
215 </variablelist>
216
217 <para>Compile the package:</para>
218
219<screen><userinput remap="make">ninja</userinput></screen>
220
221 <para>Install the package:</para>
222
223<screen><userinput remap="install">ninja install</userinput></screen>
224
225 <para>Install the man pages:</para>
226
227 <!-- Please make sure systemd man pages tarball has a common leading
228 component in the path. -->
229<screen><userinput remap="install">tar -xf ../../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-version;.tar.xz \
230 --no-same-owner --strip-components=1 \
231 -C /usr/share/man</userinput></screen>
232
233 <para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
234 <command>systemd-journald</command>:</para>
235
236<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
237
238 <para>Set up the basic target structure:</para>
239
240<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl preset-all</userinput></screen>
241
242<!-- dev: 50-pid-max.conf is not removed in BLFS, so I commented the following out.
243 If it causes any trouble, we can add this back and also copy it into BLFS -->
244<!--
245 <para>Prevent systemd from resetting the maximum PID value which causes
246 some problems with packages and units in BLFS:</para>
247
248<screen><userinput remap="adjust">rm -f /usr/lib/sysctl.d/50-pid-max.conf</userinput></screen>
249-->
250
251 </sect2>
252
253 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
254 <!-- Multilib - 32bit -->
255 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
256
257 <sect2 arch="ml_32,ml_all" role="installation">
258 <title>Installation of systemd - 32-bit</title>
259
260 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
261
262<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
263
264 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
265
266<!-- screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /tools/bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen -->
267<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
268
269<!-- with cross-LFS we have util-linux in place:
270 <para>Because we have not yet installed the final version of Util-Linux,
271 create links to the libraries in the approprite location:</para>
272
273<screen><userinput remap="pre">for file in /tools/lib32/lib{blkid,mount,uuid}*; do
274 ln -sf $file /usr/lib32/
275done</userinput></screen>
276-->
277
278 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
279
280 <screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/lib32/pkgconfig" \
281CC="gcc -m32 -march=i686" \
282CXX="g++ -m32 -march=i686" \
283LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
284meson --prefix=/usr \
285 --sysconfdir=/etc \
286 --localstatedir=/var \
287 --libdir=/usr/lib32 \
288 -Drootlibdir=/usr/lib32 \
289 -Dblkid=true \
290 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
291 -Dfirstboot=false \
292 -Dinstall-tests=false \
293 -Dldconfig=false \
294 -Dsysusers=false \
295 -Db_lto=false \
296 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
297 -Dhomed=false \
298 -Duserdb=false \
299 -Dman=false \
300 -Dmode=release \
301 ..</userinput></screen>
302
303 <para>Compile the package:</para>
304
305<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
306
307 <para>Install the package:</para>
308
309<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
310cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/lib32/* /usr/lib32
311rm -rf DESTDIR
312rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
313
314 </sect2><!-- m32 -->
315
316 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
317 <!-- Multilib - x32bit -->
318 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
319
320 <sect2 arch="ml_x32,ml_all" role="installation">
321 <title>Installation of systemd - x32-bit</title>
322
323 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
324
325<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
326
327 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
328
329<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
330<!--
331 <para>Fix an issue on x32:</para>
332
333<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '/log_debug/s@PRI_TIMEX@PRIi64@' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.c
334sed '/long drift_freq;/s@long @int64_t @' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.h</userinput></screen>
335-->
336 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
337
338<screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/libx32/pkgconfig" \
339CC="gcc -mx32" \
340CXX="g++ -mx32" \
341CFLAGS+=" -Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
342CXXFLAGS+=" -Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
343LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
344meson --prefix=/usr \
345 --sysconfdir=/etc \
346 --localstatedir=/var \
347 --libdir=/usr/libx32 \
348 -Drootlibdir=/usr/libx32 \
349 -Dblkid=true \
350 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
351 -Dfirstboot=false \
352 -Dinstall-tests=false \
353 -Dldconfig=false \
354 -Dsysusers=false \
355 -Db_lto=false \
356 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
357 -Dhomed=false \
358 -Duserdb=false \
359 -Dman=false \
360 -Dmode=release \
361 ..</userinput></screen>
362
363 <para>Compile the package:</para>
364
365<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
366
367 <para>Install the package:</para>
368
369<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
370cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/libx32/* /usr/libx32
371rm -rf DESTDIR
372rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
373
374 </sect2><!-- mx32 -->
375
376 <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
377 <title>Contents of systemd</title>
378
379 <segmentedlist>
380 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
381 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
382 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
383
384 <seglistitem>
385 <seg>busctl, coredumpctl, halt (symlink to systemctl),
386 hostnamectl, init, journalctl, kernel-install, localectl, loginctl,
387 machinectl, mount.ddi (symlink to systemd-dissect), networkctl,
388 oomctl, portablectl, poweroff (symlink to
389 systemctl), reboot (symlink to systemctl), resolvconf (symlink to
390 resolvectl), resolvectl, runlevel (symlink to systemctl), shutdown
391 (symlink to systemctl), systemctl, systemd-ac-power, systemd-analyze,
392 systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop,
393 systemd-confext (symlink to systemd-sysext), systemd-creds,
394 systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt,
395 systemd-dissect, systemd-escape, systemd-hwdb, systemd-id128,
396 systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup,
397 systemd-mount, systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn, systemd-path,
398 systemd-repart, systemd-resolve (symlink to resolvectl), systemd-run,
399 systemd-socket-activate, systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-sysext,
400 systemd-tmpfiles, systemd-tty-ask-password-agent,
401 systemd-umount (symlink to systemd-mount),
402 telinit (symlink to systemctl), timedatectl, and udevadm</seg>
403 <seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libnss_mymachines.so.2,
404 libnss_resolve.so.2, libnss_systemd.so.2,
405 libsystemd.so, libsystemd-shared-&systemd-version;.so (in /usr/lib/systemd),
406 and libudev.so</seg>
407 <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
408 /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
409 /etc/xdg/systemd, /usr/lib/systemd, /usr/lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
410 /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/environment.d, /usr/lib/kernel,
411 /usr/lib/modules-load.d, /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd,
412 /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d,
413 /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/factory,
414 /usr/share/systemd, /var/lib/systemd, and /var/log/journal</seg>
415 </seglistitem>
416 </segmentedlist>
417
418 <variablelist>
419 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
420 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
421 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
422
423 <varlistentry id="busctl">
424 <term><command>busctl</command></term>
425 <listitem>
426 <para>Is used to introspect and monitor the D-Bus bus</para>
427 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
428 <primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
429 </indexterm>
430 </listitem>
431 </varlistentry>
432
433 <varlistentry id="coredumpctl">
434 <term><command>coredumpctl</command></term>
435 <listitem>
436 <para>Is used to retrieve coredumps from the systemd journal</para>
437 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd coredumpctl">
438 <primary sortas="b-coredumpctl">coredumpctl</primary>
439 </indexterm>
440 </listitem>
441 </varlistentry>
442
443 <varlistentry id="halt">
444 <term><command>halt</command></term>
445 <listitem>
446 <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
447 <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
448 when it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
449 file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
450 brought down</para>
451 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
452 <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
453 </indexterm>
454 </listitem>
455 </varlistentry>
456
457 <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
458 <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
459 <listitem>
460 <para>Is used to query and change the system hostname and related
461 settings</para>
462 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
463 <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
464 </indexterm>
465 </listitem>
466 </varlistentry>
467
468 <varlistentry id="init">
469 <term><command>init</command></term>
470 <listitem>
471 <para>Is the first process to be started after the kernel has initialized
472 the hardware; <command>init</command> takes over the boot process and starts the
473 processes specified by its configuration files; in this case, it starts
474 systemd</para>
475 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
476 <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
477 </indexterm>
478 </listitem>
479 </varlistentry>
480
481 <varlistentry id="journalctl">
482 <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
483 <listitem>
484 <para>Is used to query the contents of the systemd journal</para>
485 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
486 <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
487 </indexterm>
488 </listitem>
489 </varlistentry>
490
491 <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
492 <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
493 <listitem>
494 <para>Is used to add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and
495 from /boot; in LFS, this is done manually</para>
496 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
497 <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
498 </indexterm>
499 </listitem>
500 </varlistentry>
501
502 <varlistentry id="localectl">
503 <term><command>localectl</command></term>
504 <listitem>
505 <para>Is used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
506 settings</para>
507 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
508 <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
509 </indexterm>
510 </listitem>
511 </varlistentry>
512
513 <varlistentry id="loginctl">
514 <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
515 <listitem>
516 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Login
517 Manager</para>
518 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
519 <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
520 </indexterm>
521 </listitem>
522 </varlistentry>
523
524 <varlistentry id="machinectl">
525 <term><command>machinectl</command></term>
526 <listitem>
527 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Virtual
528 Machine and Container Registration Manager</para>
529 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
530 <primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
531 </indexterm>
532 </listitem>
533 </varlistentry>
534
535 <varlistentry id="networkctl">
536 <term><command>networkctl</command></term>
537 <listitem>
538 <para>Is used to introspect and configure the state of the network
539 links configured by systemd-networkd</para>
540 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd networkctl">
541 <primary sortas="b-networkctl">networkctl</primary>
542 </indexterm>
543 </listitem>
544 </varlistentry>
545
546 <varlistentry id="oomctl">
547 <term><command>oomctl</command></term>
548 <listitem>
549 <para>Controls the systemd Out Of Memory daemon</para>
550 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd oomctl">
551 <primary sortas="b-oomctl">oomctl</primary>
552 </indexterm>
553 </listitem>
554 </varlistentry>
555
556 <varlistentry id="portablectl">
557 <term><command>portablectl</command></term>
558 <listitem>
559 <para>Is used to attach or detach portable services from the local
560 system</para>
561 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd portablectl">
562 <primary sortas="b-portablectl">portablectl</primary>
563 </indexterm>
564 </listitem>
565 </varlistentry>
566
567 <varlistentry id="poweroff">
568 <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
569 <listitem>
570 <para>Instructs the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
571 (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
572 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
573 <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
574 </indexterm>
575 </listitem>
576 </varlistentry>
577
578 <varlistentry id="reboot">
579 <term><command>reboot</command></term>
580 <listitem>
581 <para>Instructs the kernel to reboot the system (see
582 <command>halt</command>)</para>
583 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
584 <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
585 </indexterm>
586 </listitem>
587 </varlistentry>
588
589 <varlistentry id="resolvconf">
590 <term><command>resolvconf</command></term>
591 <listitem>
592 <para>Registers DNS server and domain configuration with
593 <command>systemd-resolved</command></para>
594 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvconf">
595 <primary sortas="b-resolvconf">resolvconf</primary>
596 </indexterm>
597 </listitem>
598 </varlistentry>
599
600 <varlistentry id="resolvectl">
601 <term><command>resolvectl</command></term>
602 <listitem>
603 <para>Sends control commands to the network name resolution
604 manager, or resolves domain names, IPv4 and IPv6 addresses,
605 DNS records, and services</para>
606 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvectl">
607 <primary sortas="b-resolvectl">resolvectl</primary>
608 </indexterm>
609 </listitem>
610 </varlistentry>
611
612 <varlistentry id="runlevel">
613 <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
614 <listitem>
615 <para>Outputs the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
616 last run-level record in <filename>/run/utmp</filename></para>
617 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
618 <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
619 </indexterm>
620 </listitem>
621 </varlistentry>
622
623 <varlistentry id="shutdown">
624 <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
625 <listitem>
626 <para>Brings the system down in a safe and secure manner, signaling
627 all processes and notifying all logged-in users</para>
628 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
629 <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
630 </indexterm>
631 </listitem>
632 </varlistentry>
633
634 <varlistentry id="systemctl">
635 <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
636 <listitem>
637 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd system
638 and service manager</para>
639 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
640 <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
641 </indexterm>
642 </listitem>
643 </varlistentry>
644
645 <varlistentry id="systemd-ac-power">
646 <term><command>systemd-ac-power</command></term>
647 <listitem>
648 <para>Reports whether the system is connected to an external
649 power source.</para>
650 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ac-power">
651 <primary sortas="b-systemd-ac-power">systemd-ac-power</primary>
652 </indexterm>
653 </listitem>
654 </varlistentry>
655
656 <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
657 <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
658 <listitem>
659 <para>Is used to analyze system startup performance,
660 as well as identify troublesome systemd units</para>
661 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
662 <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
663 </indexterm>
664 </listitem>
665 </varlistentry>
666
667 <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
668 <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
669 <listitem>
670 <para>Is used to query a system password or passphrase from the user,
671 using a message specified on the Linux command line</para>
672 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
673 <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
674 </indexterm>
675 </listitem>
676 </varlistentry>
677
678 <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
679 <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
680 <listitem>
681 <para>Is used to connect the STDOUT and STDERR outputs of a process
682 with the systemd journal
683 </para>
684 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
685 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
686 </indexterm>
687 </listitem>
688 </varlistentry>
689
690 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
691 <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
692 <listitem>
693 <para>Recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control
694 group hierarchy in a tree</para>
695 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
696 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
697 </indexterm>
698 </listitem>
699 </varlistentry>
700
701 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
702 <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
703 <listitem>
704 <para>Shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group
705 hierarchy, ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O loads</para>
706 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
707 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
708 </indexterm>
709 </listitem>
710 </varlistentry>
711
712 <varlistentry id="systemd-creds">
713 <term><command>systemd-creds</command></term>
714 <listitem>
715 <para>Displays and processes credentials</para>
716 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-creds">
717 <primary sortas="b-systemd-creds">systemd-creds</primary>
718 </indexterm>
719 </listitem>
720 </varlistentry>
721
722 <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
723 <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
724 <listitem>
725 <para>Is used to identify and compare configuration files in
726 <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override the defaults
727 in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename></para>
728 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
729 <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
730 </indexterm>
731 </listitem>
732 </varlistentry>
733
734 <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
735 <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
736 <listitem>
737 <para>Detects whether the system is being run in a virtual
738 environment, and adjusts udev accordingly</para>
739 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
740 <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
741 </indexterm>
742 </listitem>
743 </varlistentry>
744
745 <varlistentry id="systemd-dissect">
746 <term><command>systemd-dissect</command></term>
747 <listitem>
748 <para>Is used to inspect OS disk images</para>
749 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-dissect">
750 <primary sortas="b-systemd-dissect">systemd-dissect</primary>
751 </indexterm>
752 </listitem>
753 </varlistentry>
754
755 <varlistentry id="systemd-escape">
756 <term><command>systemd-escape</command></term>
757 <listitem>
758 <para>Is used to escape strings for inclusion in systemd unit
759 names</para>
760 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-escape">
761 <primary sortas="b-systemd-escape">systemd-escape</primary>
762 </indexterm>
763 </listitem>
764 </varlistentry>
765
766 <varlistentry id="systemd-hwdb">
767 <term><command>systemd-hwdb</command></term>
768 <listitem>
769 <para>Is used to manage the hardware database (hwdb)</para>
770 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-hwdb">
771 <primary sortas="b-systemd-hwdb">systemd-hwdb</primary>
772 </indexterm>
773 </listitem>
774 </varlistentry>
775
776 <varlistentry id="systemd-id128">
777 <term><command>systemd-id128</command></term>
778 <listitem>
779 <para>Generates and prints id128 (UUID) strings</para>
780 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-id128">
781 <primary sortas="b-systemd-id128">systemd-id128</primary>
782 </indexterm>
783 </listitem>
784 </varlistentry>
785
786 <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
787 <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
788 <listitem>
789 <para>Is used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle
790 inhibitor lock taken, preventing an action such as a system shutdown
791 until the process is completed</para>
792 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
793 <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
794 </indexterm>
795 </listitem>
796 </varlistentry>
797
798 <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
799 <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
800 <listitem>
801 <para>Is used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID
802 stored in <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a
803 randomly generated ID</para>
804 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
805 <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
806 </indexterm>
807 </listitem>
808 </varlistentry>
809
810 <varlistentry id="systemd-mount">
811 <term><command>systemd-mount</command></term>
812 <listitem>
813 <para>Is used to temporarily mount or automount disks</para>
814 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-mount">
815 <primary sortas="b-systemd-mount">systemd-mount</primary>
816 </indexterm>
817 </listitem>
818 </varlistentry>
819
820 <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
821 <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
822 <listitem>
823 <para>Is used by daemon scripts to notify the init system of status
824 changes</para>
825 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
826 <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
827 </indexterm>
828 </listitem>
829 </varlistentry>
830
831 <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
832 <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
833 <listitem>
834 <para>Is used to run a command, or an entire OS, in a light-weight namespace
835 container</para>
836 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
837 <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
838 </indexterm>
839 </listitem>
840 </varlistentry>
841
842 <varlistentry id="systemd-path">
843 <term><command>systemd-path</command></term>
844 <listitem>
845 <para>Is used to query system and user paths</para>
846 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-path">
847 <primary sortas="b-systemd-path">systemd-path</primary>
848 </indexterm>
849 </listitem>
850 </varlistentry>
851
852 <varlistentry id="systemd-repart">
853 <term><command>systemd-repart</command></term>
854 <listitem>
855 <para>Is used to grow and add partitions to a partition table when
856 systemd is used with an OS image (e.g. a container)</para>
857 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-repart">
858 <primary sortas="b-systemd-repart">systemd-repart</primary>
859 </indexterm>
860 </listitem>
861 </varlistentry>
862
863 <varlistentry id="systemd-resolve">
864 <term><command>systemd-resolve</command></term>
865 <listitem>
866 <para>Is used to resolve domain names, IPV4 and IPv6 addresses, DNS
867 resource records, and services</para>
868 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-resolve">
869 <primary sortas="b-systemd-resolve">systemd-resolve</primary>
870 </indexterm>
871 </listitem>
872 </varlistentry>
873
874 <varlistentry id="systemd-run">
875 <term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
876 <listitem>
877 <para>Is used to create and start a transient .service or a .scope
878 unit and run the specified command in it; this is useful for
879 validating systemd units</para>
880 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
881 <primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
882 </indexterm>
883 </listitem>
884 </varlistentry>
885
886 <varlistentry id="systemd-socket-activate">
887 <term><command>systemd-socket-activate</command></term>
888 <listitem>
889 <para>Is used to listen on socket devices and launch a process upon
890 a successful connection to the socket</para>
891 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-socket-activate">
892 <primary sortas="b-systemd-socket-activate">systemd-socket-activate</primary>
893 </indexterm>
894 </listitem>
895 </varlistentry>
896
897 <varlistentry id="systemd-sysext">
898 <term><command>systemd-sysext</command></term>
899 <listitem>
900 <para>Activates system extension images</para>
901 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-sysext">
902 <primary sortas="b-systemd-sysext">systemd-sysext</primary>
903 </indexterm>
904 </listitem>
905 </varlistentry>
906
907 <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
908 <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
909 <listitem>
910 <para>Creates, deletes, and cleans up volatile and temporary files and
911 directories, based on the configuration file format and location
912 specified in
913 <filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories</para>
914 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
915 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
916 </indexterm>
917 </listitem>
918 </varlistentry>
919
920 <varlistentry id="systemd-umount">
921 <term><command>systemd-umount</command></term>
922 <listitem>
923 <para>Unmounts mount points</para>
924 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-umount">
925 <primary sortas="b-systemd-umount">systemd-umount</primary>
926 </indexterm>
927 </listitem>
928 </varlistentry>
929
930 <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
931 <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
932 <listitem>
933 <para>Is used to list and/or process pending systemd password
934 requests</para>
935 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
936 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
937 </indexterm>
938 </listitem>
939 </varlistentry>
940
941 <varlistentry id="telinit">
942 <term><command>telinit</command></term>
943 <listitem>
944 <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change
945 to</para>
946 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
947 <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
948 </indexterm>
949 </listitem>
950 </varlistentry>
951
952 <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
953 <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
954 <listitem>
955 <para>Is used to query and change the system clock and its settings
956 </para>
957 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
958 <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
959 </indexterm>
960 </listitem>
961 </varlistentry>
962
963 <varlistentry id="udevadm">
964 <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
965 <listitem>
966 <para>Is a generic udev administration tool which controls the udevd
967 daemon, provides info from the udev hardware database, monitors
968 uevents, waits for uevents to finish, tests udev configuration, and
969 triggers uevents for a given device</para>
970 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
971 <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
972 </indexterm>
973 </listitem>
974 </varlistentry>
975
976 <varlistentry id="libsystemd">
977 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
978 <listitem>
979 <para>Is the main systemd utility library</para>
980 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
981 <primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
982 </indexterm>
983 </listitem>
984 </varlistentry>
985
986 <varlistentry id="libudev">
987 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
988 <listitem>
989 <para>Is a library to access Udev device information</para>
990 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
991 <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
992 </indexterm>
993 </listitem>
994 </varlistentry>
995
996 </variablelist>
997
998 </sect2>
999
1000</sect1>
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