| 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 | ]>
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| 7 |
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| 8 | <sect1 id="ch-system-udev" role="wrap" revision="sysv">
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| 9 | <?dbhtml filename="udev.html"?>
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| 10 |
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| 11 | <sect1info condition="script">
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| 12 | <productname>udev</productname>
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| 13 | <productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
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| 14 | <address>&systemd-url;</address>
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| 15 | </sect1info>
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| 16 |
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| 17 | <title>Udev from Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
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| 18 |
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| 19 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-udev">
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| 20 | <primary sortas="a-Udev">Udev</primary>
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| 21 | </indexterm>
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| 22 |
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| 23 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 24 | <title/>
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| 25 |
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| 26 | <para>The Udev package contains programs for dynamic creation of device
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| 27 | nodes.</para>
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| 28 |
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| 29 | <segmentedlist>
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| 30 | <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
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| 31 | <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
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| 32 |
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| 33 | <seglistitem>
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| 34 | <seg>&udev-fin-sbu;</seg>
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| 35 | <seg>&udev-fin-du;</seg>
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| 36 | </seglistitem>
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| 37 | </segmentedlist>
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| 38 | </sect2>
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| 39 |
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| 40 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 41 | <title>Installation of Udev</title>
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| 42 |
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| 43 | <para>Udev is part of the systemd-&systemd-version; package. Use
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| 44 | the systemd-&systemd-version;.tar.xz file as the source tarball.</para>
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| 45 |
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| 46 | <para>Remove two unneeded groups,
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| 47 | <systemitem class="groupname">render</systemitem> and
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| 48 | <systemitem class="groupname">sgx</systemitem>, from the default udev
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| 49 | rules:</para>
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| 50 |
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| 51 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i -e 's/GROUP="render"/GROUP="video"/' \
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| 52 | -e 's/GROUP="sgx", //' rules.d/50-udev-default.rules.in</userinput></screen>
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| 53 |
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| 54 | <para>Remove one udev rule requiring a full Systemd installation:</para>
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| 55 |
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| 56 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '/systemd-sysctl/s/^/#/' -i rules.d/99-systemd.rules.in</userinput></screen>
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| 57 |
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| 58 | <para>Adjust the hardcoded paths to network configuration files for the
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| 59 | standalone udev installation:</para>
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| 60 |
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| 61 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '/NETWORK_DIRS/s/systemd/udev/' -i src/basic/path-lookup.h</userinput></screen>
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| 62 |
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| 63 | <para>Prepare Udev for compilation:</para>
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| 64 |
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| 65 | <screen><userinput remap="configure">mkdir -p build
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| 66 | cd build
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| 67 |
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| 68 | CFLAGS+=" -Wno-format-overflow" \
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| 69 | meson setup \
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| 70 | --prefix=/usr \
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| 71 | --buildtype=release \
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| 72 | -Dmode=release \
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| 73 | -Ddev-kvm-mode=0660 \
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| 74 | -Dlink-udev-shared=false \
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| 75 | -Dlogind=false \
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| 76 | -Dvconsole=false \
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| 77 | ..</userinput></screen>
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| 78 |
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| 79 | <variablelist>
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| 80 | <title>The meaning of the meson options:</title>
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| 81 |
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| 82 | <varlistentry>
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| 83 | <term><parameter>--buildtype=release</parameter></term>
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| 84 | <listitem>
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| 85 | <para>This switch overrides the default buildtype
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| 86 | (<quote>debug</quote>), which produces unoptimized
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| 87 | binaries.</para>
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| 88 | </listitem>
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| 89 | </varlistentry>
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| 90 |
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| 91 | <varlistentry>
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| 92 | <term><parameter>-Dmode=release</parameter></term>
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| 93 | <listitem>
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| 94 | <para>Disable some features considered experimental by upstream.
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| 95 | </para>
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| 96 | </listitem>
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| 97 | </varlistentry>
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| 98 |
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| 99 | <varlistentry>
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| 100 | <term><parameter>-Ddev-kvm-mode=0660</parameter></term>
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| 101 | <listitem>
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| 102 | <para>The default udev rule would allow all users to access
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| 103 | <filename class='devicefile'>/dev/kvm</filename>. The editors
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| 104 | consider it dangerous. This option overrides it.</para>
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| 105 | </listitem>
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| 106 | </varlistentry>
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| 107 |
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| 108 | <varlistentry>
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| 109 | <term><parameter>-Dlink-udev-shared=false</parameter></term>
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| 110 | <listitem>
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| 111 | <para>This option prevents udev from linking to the internal
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| 112 | systemd shared library,
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| 113 | <systemitem class='library'>libsystemd-shared</systemitem>.
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| 114 | This library is designed to be shared by many Systemd components
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| 115 | and it's too overkill for a udev-only installation.</para>
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| 116 | </listitem>
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| 117 | </varlistentry>
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| 118 |
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| 119 | <varlistentry>
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| 120 | <term><parameter>-Dlogind=false -Dvconsole=false</parameter></term>
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| 121 | <listitem>
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| 122 | <para>These options prevent the generation of several udev rule
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| 123 | files belonging to the other Systemd components that we won't
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| 124 | install.</para>
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| 125 | </listitem>
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| 126 | </varlistentry>
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| 127 | </variablelist>
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| 128 |
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| 129 | <para>Only build the components needed for udev:</para>
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| 130 |
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| 131 | <screen><userinput remap="make">ninja udevadm systemd-hwdb \
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| 132 | $(ninja -n | grep -Eo '(src/(lib)?udev|rules.d|hwdb.d)/[^ ]*') \
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| 133 | $(realpath libudev.so --relative-to .)</userinput></screen>
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| 134 |
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| 135 | <para>Install the package:</para>
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| 136 |
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| 137 | <screen><userinput remap="install">install -vm755 -d {/usr/lib,/etc}/udev/{hwdb.d,rules.d,network}
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| 138 | install -vm755 -d /usr/{lib,share}/pkgconfig
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| 139 | install -vm755 udevadm /usr/bin/
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| 140 | install -vm755 systemd-hwdb /usr/bin/udev-hwdb
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| 141 | ln -svfn ../bin/udevadm /usr/sbin/udevd
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| 142 | cp -av libudev.so{,*[0-9]} /usr/lib/
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| 143 | install -vm644 ../src/libudev/libudev.h /usr/include/
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| 144 | install -vm644 src/libudev/*.pc /usr/lib/pkgconfig/
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| 145 | install -vm644 src/udev/*.pc /usr/share/pkgconfig/
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| 146 | install -vm644 ../src/udev/udev.conf /etc/udev/
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| 147 | install -vm644 rules.d/* ../rules.d/README /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/
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| 148 | install -vm644 $(find ../rules.d/*.rules \
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| 149 | -not -name '*power-switch*') /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/
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| 150 | install -vm644 hwdb.d/* ../hwdb.d/{*.hwdb,README} /usr/lib/udev/hwdb.d/
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| 151 | install -vm755 $(find src/udev \
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| 152 | -type f -not -name '*.*') /usr/lib/udev
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| 153 | install -vm644 ../network/99-default.link /usr/lib/udev/network</userinput></screen>
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| 154 |
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| 155 | <para>Install some custom rules and support files useful in an LFS
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| 156 | environment:</para>
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| 157 |
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| 158 | <screen><userinput remap="install">tar -xvf ../../&udev-lfs-version;.tar.xz
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| 159 | make -f &udev-lfs-version;/Makefile.lfs install</userinput></screen>
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| 160 |
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| 161 | <para>Install the man pages:</para>
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| 162 |
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| 163 | <!-- Please make sure systemd man pages tarball has a common leading
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| 164 | component in the path. -->
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| 165 | <screen><userinput remap="install">tar -xf ../../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-man-version;.tar.xz \
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| 166 | --no-same-owner --strip-components=1 \
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| 167 | -C /usr/share/man --wildcards '*/udev*' '*/libudev*' \
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| 168 | '*/systemd.link.5' \
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| 169 | '*/systemd-'{hwdb,udevd.service}.8
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| 170 |
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| 171 | sed 's|systemd/network|udev/network|' \
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| 172 | /usr/share/man/man5/systemd.link.5 \
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| 173 | > /usr/share/man/man5/udev.link.5
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| 174 |
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| 175 | sed 's/systemd\(\\\?-\)/udev\1/' /usr/share/man/man8/systemd-hwdb.8 \
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| 176 | > /usr/share/man/man8/udev-hwdb.8
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| 177 |
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| 178 | sed 's|lib.*udevd|sbin/udevd|' \
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| 179 | /usr/share/man/man8/systemd-udevd.service.8 \
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| 180 | > /usr/share/man/man8/udevd.8
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| 181 |
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| 182 | rm /usr/share/man/man*/systemd*</userinput></screen>
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| 183 |
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| 184 | </sect2>
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| 185 |
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| 186 | <sect2 id="conf-udev" role="configuration">
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| 187 | <title>Configuring Udev</title>
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| 188 |
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| 189 | <indexterm zone="conf-udev">
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| 190 | <primary sortas="a-Udev">Udev</primary>
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| 191 | <secondary>configuring</secondary>
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| 192 | </indexterm>
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| 193 |
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| 194 | <indexterm zone="conf-udev">
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| 195 | <primary sortas="e-/etc/udev/hwdb.bin">/etc/udev/hwdb.bin</primary>
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| 196 | </indexterm>
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| 197 |
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| 198 | <para>Information about hardware devices is maintained in the
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| 199 | <filename class="directory">/etc/udev/hwdb.d</filename> and
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| 200 | <filename class="directory">/usr/lib/udev/hwdb.d</filename> directories.
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| 201 | <application>Udev</application> needs that information to be compiled
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| 202 | into a binary database <filename>/etc/udev/hwdb.bin</filename>. Create the
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| 203 | initial database:</para>
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| 204 |
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| 205 | <screen><userinput>udev-hwdb update</userinput></screen>
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| 206 |
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| 207 | <para>This command needs to be run each time the hardware information is
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| 208 | updated.</para>
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| 209 |
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| 210 | </sect2>
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| 211 |
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| 212 | <sect2 id="contents-udev" role="content">
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| 213 | <title>Contents of Udev</title>
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| 214 |
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| 215 | <segmentedlist>
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| 216 | <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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| 217 | <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
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| 218 | <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
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| 219 |
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| 220 | <seglistitem>
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| 221 | <seg>udevadm, udevd (symlink to udevadm), and udev-hwdb</seg>
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| 222 |
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| 223 | <seg>libudev.so</seg>
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| 224 |
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| 225 | <seg>/etc/udev and /usr/lib/udev</seg>
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| 226 | </seglistitem>
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| 227 | </segmentedlist>
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| 228 |
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| 229 | <variablelist>
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| 230 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 231 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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| 232 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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| 233 | <varlistentry id="udevadm" revision="sysv">
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| 234 | <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
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| 235 | <listitem>
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| 236 | <para>Generic udev administration tool: controls the udevd daemon,
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| 237 | provides info from the Udev database, monitors uevents, waits for
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| 238 | uevents to finish, tests Udev configuration, and triggers uevents
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| 239 | for a given device</para>
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| 240 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-udev udevadm">
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| 241 | <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
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| 242 | </indexterm>
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| 243 | </listitem>
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| 244 | </varlistentry>
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| 245 |
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| 246 | <varlistentry id="udevd">
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| 247 | <term><command>udevd</command></term>
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| 248 | <listitem>
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| 249 | <para>A daemon that listens for uevents on the netlink socket,
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| 250 | creates devices and runs the configured external programs in
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| 251 | response to these uevents</para>
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| 252 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-udev udevd">
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| 253 | <primary sortas="b-udevd">udevd</primary>
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| 254 | </indexterm>
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| 255 | </listitem>
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| 256 | </varlistentry>
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| 257 |
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| 258 | <varlistentry id="udev-hwdb">
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| 259 | <term><command>udev-hwdb</command></term>
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| 260 | <listitem>
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| 261 | <para>Updates or queries the hardware database.</para>
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| 262 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-udev udev-hwdb">
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| 263 | <primary sortas="b-udev-hwdb">udev-hwdb</primary>
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| 264 | </indexterm>
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| 265 | </listitem>
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| 266 | </varlistentry>
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| 267 |
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| 268 | <varlistentry id="libudev">
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| 269 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
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| 270 | <listitem>
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| 271 | <para>A library interface to udev device information</para>
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| 272 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-udev libudev">
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| 273 | <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
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| 274 | </indexterm>
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| 275 | </listitem>
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| 276 | </varlistentry>
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| 277 |
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| 278 | <varlistentry id="etc-udev">
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| 279 | <term><filename class="directory">/etc/udev</filename></term>
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| 280 | <listitem>
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| 281 | <para>Contains Udev configuration files,
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| 282 | device permissions, and rules for device naming</para>
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| 283 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-udev etc-udev">
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| 284 | <primary sortas="e-/etc/udev">/etc/udev</primary>
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| 285 | </indexterm>
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| 286 | </listitem>
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| 287 | </varlistentry>
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| 288 |
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| 289 | </variablelist>
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| 290 |
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| 291 | </sect2>
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| 292 |
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| 293 | </sect1>
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