1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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5 | %general-entities;
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6 |
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7 | <!ENTITY gcc-download-http "&gnu-http;/gcc/gcc-&gcc-ada-version;/gcc-&gcc-ada-version;.tar.xz">
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8 | <!ENTITY gcc-download-ftp "&gnu-ftp;/gcc/gcc-&gcc-ada-version;/gcc-&gcc-ada-version;.tar.xz">
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9 | <!ENTITY gcc-md5sum "4ab282f414676496483b3e1793d07862">
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10 | <!ENTITY gcc-size "61 MB">
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11 | <!ENTITY gcc-ada-buildsize "7.0 GB (add 369 MB for tests, add 1.6 GB if GNAT install dir is not removed)">
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12 | <!ENTITY gcc-ada-time "25 SBU (with parallelism=4, add 92 SBU for tests)">
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13 |
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14 | <!-- Keeping these the same because the new GNAT binary for x86_64
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15 | Requires Qt4 and a GUI to install. The i686 one is being tested
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16 | seperately from this update.-->
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17 | <!ENTITY gnat-download-http "https://libre.adacore.com/download/">
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18 | <!ENTITY gnat-64-download-http "http://mirrors.cdn.adacore.com/art/591c6d80c7a447af2deed1d7">
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19 | <!ENTITY gnat-64-md5sum "226dac83d9e6490fc8542ac0934a1db0">
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20 | <!ENTITY gnat-64-size "473 MB">
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21 | <!ENTITY gnat-32-download-http "http://mirrors.cdn.adacore.com/art/564b3e9dc8e196b040fbe248">
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22 | <!ENTITY gnat-32-md5sum "69423c7ad8d9759377d4fff71a78992d">
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23 | <!ENTITY gnat-32-size "222 MB">
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24 | ]>
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25 |
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26 | <sect1 id="gcc-ada" xreflabel="GCC-Ada-&gcc-ada-version;">
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27 | <?dbhtml filename="gcc-ada.html" ?>
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28 |
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29 |
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30 | <title>GCC-Ada-&gcc-ada-version;</title>
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31 |
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32 | <indexterm zone="gcc-ada">
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33 | <primary sortas="a-gcc-ada">GCC-Ada-&gcc-ada-version;</primary>
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34 | </indexterm>
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35 |
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36 | <sect2 role="package">
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37 | <title>Introduction to the GCC Ada compiler</title>
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38 |
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39 | <para>
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40 | Ada is a modern programming language designed for large, long-lived
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41 | applications — and embedded systems in particular — where
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42 | reliability and efficiency are essential. It has a set of unique technical
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43 | features that make it highly effective for use in large, complex and
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44 | safety-critical projects.
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45 | </para>
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46 |
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47 | <para>
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48 | The compiler and associated tools on this page are known as the
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49 | <application>GNAT</application> technology, developed by the Adacore
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50 | company, using the <application>GCC</application> backend. Since
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51 | parts of the Ada compiler are written in Ada, there is a circular
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52 | dependency on an Ada compiler. The instructions below first install
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53 | a binary compiler. You do not need to do that if you already have built
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54 | <application>GNAT</application> tools.
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55 | </para>
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56 |
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57 | &lfs84_checked;
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58 |
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59 | <caution>
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60 | <para>
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61 | Using the instructions on this page will have the effect that
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62 | the C and C++ compiler and libraries will be reinstalled, overwriting
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63 | the ones on your system. This may lead to some issues. Please read the
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64 | notes and caution on the <xref linkend="gcc"/> page.
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65 | </para>
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66 | </caution>
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67 |
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68 | <note>
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69 | <para>
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70 | If you want to install other compilers in the <application>GCC
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71 | </application> collection, simply add them to the
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72 | <parameter>--enable-languages</parameter> parameter for <command>
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73 | configure</command>. If you rebuild <application>GCC</application>
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74 | without enabling ada after running the instructions on this page,
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75 | the new compiler will not be able to compile ADA anymore. If you already
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76 | have ADA instaled, you do not need to use the instructions on this page,
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77 | simply add <parameter>ada</parameter> to the
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78 | <parameter>--enable-languages</parameter> parameter using the
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79 | instructions from <xref linkend="gcc"/>.
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80 | </para>
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81 | </note>
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82 |
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83 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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84 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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85 | <listitem>
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86 | <para>
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87 | Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&gcc-download-http;"/>
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88 | </para>
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89 | </listitem>
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90 | <listitem>
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91 | <para>
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92 | Download (FTP): <ulink url="&gcc-download-ftp;"/>
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93 | </para>
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94 | </listitem>
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95 | <listitem>
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96 | <para>
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97 | Download MD5 sum: &gcc-md5sum;
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98 | </para>
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99 | </listitem>
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100 | <listitem>
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101 | <para>
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102 | Download size: &gcc-size;
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103 | </para>
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104 | </listitem>
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105 | <listitem>
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106 | <para>
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107 | Estimated disk space required: &gcc-ada-buildsize;
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108 | </para>
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109 | </listitem>
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110 | <listitem>
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111 | <para>
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112 | Estimated build time: &gcc-ada-time;
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113 | </para>
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114 | </listitem>
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115 | </itemizedlist>
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116 |
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117 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
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118 | <note>
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119 | <!-- gnat-2018 uses graphical installer, stick to 2017 -->
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120 | <para>
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121 | You will need to install <application>GNAT</application>
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122 | temporarily to satisfy the circular dependency. You may point your
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123 | browser to the <ulink url="&gnat-download-http;">AdaCore download
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124 | page</ulink>, choose your platform and 2017 (64 bit machines) or
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125 | 2014 (32 bit machines), then select the file
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126 | to download. Alternatively, direct links to the 64 bit and 32 bit
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127 | linux versions are given below.
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128 | </para>
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129 | </note>
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130 |
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131 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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132 | <listitem>
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133 | <para>
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134 | GNAT 64 bit binary: <ulink url="&gnat-64-download-http;"/>
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135 | </para>
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136 | </listitem>
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137 | <listitem>
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138 | <para>
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139 | GNAT 64 bit MD5 sum: &gnat-64-md5sum;
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140 | </para>
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141 | </listitem>
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142 | <listitem>
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143 | <para>
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144 | GNAT 64 bit size: &gnat-64-size;
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145 | </para>
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146 | </listitem>
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147 | <listitem>
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148 | <para>
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149 | GNAT 32 bit binary: <ulink url="&gnat-32-download-http;"/>
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150 | </para>
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151 | </listitem>
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152 | <listitem>
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153 | <para>
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154 | GNAT 32 bit MD5 sum: &gnat-32-md5sum;
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155 | </para>
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156 | </listitem>
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157 | <listitem>
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158 | <para>
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159 | GNAT 32 bit size: &gnat-32-size;
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160 | </para>
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161 | </listitem>
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162 | <!--
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163 | <listitem>
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164 | <para>
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165 | Required patch:
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166 | <ulink url="&patch-root;/gcc-&gcc-ada-version;-upstream_fixes-1.patch"/>
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167 | </para>
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168 | </listitem>
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169 | -->
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170 | </itemizedlist>
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171 |
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172 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">GCC Ada Dependencies</bridgehead>
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173 |
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174 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Recommended</bridgehead>
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175 | <para role="recommended">
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176 | <xref linkend="dejagnu"/>, for tests
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177 | </para>
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178 |
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179 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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180 | <para role="optional">
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181 | <xref linkend="gdb"/> and
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182 | <xref linkend="valgrind"/> (for tests)
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183 | </para>
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184 |
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185 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
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186 | <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/gcc-ada"/></para>
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187 |
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188 | </sect2>
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189 |
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190 | <sect2 role="installation">
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191 | <title>Installation of the GNAT binary</title>
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192 |
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193 | <para>
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194 | Before unpacking and changing into the GCC source directory, first
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195 | unpack the <application>GNAT</application> tarball, and change to the
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196 | GNAT directory. Then, install the <application>GNAT</application> binary
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197 | by running the following command as the
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198 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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199 | </para>
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200 |
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201 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make ins-all prefix=/opt/gnat</userinput></screen>
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202 |
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203 | <para>
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204 | The <application>GNAT</application> compiler can be invoked by
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205 | executing the <command>gcc</command> binary installed in <filename
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206 | class="directory">/opt/gnat/bin</filename>.
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207 | </para>
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208 |
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209 | <para>
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210 | You may now remove the <application>GNAT</application>
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211 | source directory if desired.
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212 | </para>
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213 |
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214 | <para>
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215 | Prepare to compile <application>GCC</application> by placing the
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216 | <application>GNAT</application> version of <command>gcc</command> at the
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217 | beginning of the <envar>PATH</envar> variable by using the following
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218 | commands:
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219 | </para>
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220 |
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221 | <screen><userinput>PATH_HOLD=$PATH &&
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222 | export PATH=/opt/gnat/bin:$PATH_HOLD</userinput></screen>
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223 |
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224 | <para>
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225 | Doing so has the drawback that the <application>GCC</application>
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226 | and <application>Binutils</application> executables are taken
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227 | from the just installed <application>GNAT</application> package, but the
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228 | versions of those executables are outdated compared to those installed in
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229 | LFS. This is not important for the <application>GCC</application> compilers,
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230 | since they recompile themselves during the bootstrap process. On the other
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231 | hand, the outdated <command>ld</command> and <command>as</command> tools
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232 | are used all along. In order to use the LFS tools, issue as the
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233 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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234 | </para>
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235 |
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236 | <screen role="root"><userinput>find /opt/gnat -name ld -exec mv -v {} {}.old \;
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237 | find /opt/gnat -name as -exec mv -v {} {}.old \;</userinput></screen>
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238 |
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239 | </sect2>
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240 |
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241 | <sect2 role="installation">
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242 | <title>Installation of GCC Ada</title>
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243 |
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244 | <para>
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245 | Install <application>GCC Ada</application> by running the
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246 | following commands:
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247 | </para>
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248 |
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249 | <screen><userinput>case $(uname -m) in
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250 | x86_64)
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251 | sed -e '/m64=/s/lib64/lib/' \
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252 | -i.orig gcc/config/i386/t-linux64
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253 | ;;
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254 | esac
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255 |
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256 | mkdir build &&
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257 | cd build &&
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258 |
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259 | ../configure \
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260 | --prefix=/usr \
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261 | --disable-multilib \
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262 | --disable-libmpx \
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263 | --with-system-zlib \
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264 | --enable-languages=ada &&
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265 | make</userinput></screen>
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266 |
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267 | <para>
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268 | If you have installed additional packages such as
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269 | <application>Valgrind</application> and <application>GDB</application>,
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270 | the <application>GCC</application> part of the testsuite will run more
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271 | tests than in LFS. Some of those will report FAIL and others XPASS
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272 | (pass when expected to FAIL). To run the tests, issue:
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273 | </para>
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274 |
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275 | <screen><userinput>ulimit -s 32768 &&
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276 | make -k check</userinput></screen>
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277 | <!-- The command above may error out, so using && may prevent the summary
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278 | to be run. -->
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279 |
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280 | <para>
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281 | The tests are very long, and the results may be hard to find in the
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282 | logs, specially if you use parallel jobs with make. You can get a summary
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283 | of the tests with:
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284 | </para>
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285 |
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286 | <screen><userinput>../contrib/test_summary</userinput></screen>
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287 |
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288 | <para>
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289 | Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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290 | </para>
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291 |
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292 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install &&
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293 | mkdir -pv /usr/share/gdb/auto-load/usr/lib &&
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294 | mv -v /usr/lib/*gdb.py /usr/share/gdb/auto-load/usr/lib &&
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295 |
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296 | chown -v -R root:root \
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297 | /usr/lib/gcc/*linux-gnu/&gcc-ada-version;/include{,-fixed} \
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298 | /usr/lib/gcc/*linux-gnu/&gcc-ada-version;/ada{lib,include}</userinput></screen>
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299 |
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300 | <para>
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301 | You should now remove the <application>GNAT</application>
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302 | installation and perform other cleanups. First, as the <systemitem
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303 | class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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304 | </para>
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305 |
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306 | <screen role="root"><userinput>rm -rf /opt/gnat</userinput></screen>
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307 |
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308 | <para>
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309 | Then, as a normal user:
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310 | </para>
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311 |
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312 | <screen><userinput>export PATH=$PATH_HOLD &&
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313 | unset PATH_HOLD</userinput></screen>
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314 |
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315 | </sect2>
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316 |
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317 | <sect2 role="commands">
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318 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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319 |
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320 | <para>
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321 | <command>mkdir build; cd build</command>: The
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322 | <application>GCC</application> documentation recommends
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323 | building the package in a dedicated build directory.
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324 | </para>
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325 |
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326 | <para>
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327 | <parameter>--disable-multilib</parameter>: This parameter ensures
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328 | that files are created for the specific architecture of your computer.
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329 | </para>
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330 |
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331 | <para>
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332 | <parameter>--with-system-zlib</parameter>: Uses the system
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333 | <application>zlib</application> instead of the bundled one.
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334 | <application>zlib</application> is used for compressing
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335 | and uncompressing <application>GCC</application>'s intermediate
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336 | language in LTO (Link Time Optimization) object files.
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337 | </para>
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338 |
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339 | <para>
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340 | <parameter>--enable-languages=ada</parameter>: Instructs the build system
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341 | to build the Ada tools and compiler. It is unavoidable that the
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342 | <application>C</application> and <application>C++</application>
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343 | compilers be built too.
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344 | </para>
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345 |
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346 | <!-- Unlike standard GCC, removing this could break compatibility
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347 | with the GNAT binary for i686 because it uses gcc-4.7.3 in the
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348 | binary. Leave it alone until tested. -->
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349 | <para>
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350 | <option>--with-default-libstdcxx-abi=gcc4-compatible</option>: Use this
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351 | switch if you are building <application>GNAT</application> tools using a
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352 | <application>GCC</application> version prior to 5.1.0,
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353 | and you do not want to recompile all the libraries written in C++.
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354 | </para>
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355 |
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356 | <para>
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357 | <command>ulimit -s 32768</command>: This command prevents several
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358 | tests from running out of stack space.
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359 | </para>
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360 |
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361 | <para>
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362 | <command>make -k check</command>: This command runs the test suite
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363 | without stopping if any errors are encountered.
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364 | </para>
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365 |
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366 | <para>
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367 | <command>../contrib/test_summary</command>: This
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368 | command will produce a summary of the test suite results. You can append
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369 | <command>| grep -A7 Summ</command> to the command to produce an even more
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370 | condensed version of the summary. You may also wish to redirect the output
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371 | to a file for review and comparison later on.
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372 | </para>
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373 |
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374 | <para>
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375 | <command>chown -v -R root:root /usr/lib/gcc/*linux-gnu/...</command>:
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376 | If the package is built by a user other than root, the ownership of the
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377 | installed <filename class="directory">include</filename> and
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378 | <filename class="directory">adalib</filename> directories (and their
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379 | contents) will be incorrect. These commands change the ownership to the
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380 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user and group.
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381 | </para>
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382 |
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383 | </sect2>
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384 |
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385 | <sect2 role="content">
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386 | <title>Contents</title>
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387 |
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388 | <segmentedlist>
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389 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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390 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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391 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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392 |
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393 | <seglistitem>
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394 | <seg>
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395 | gnat, gnatbind, gnatchop, gnatclean, gnatfind, gnatkr,
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396 | gnatlink, gnatls, gnatmake, gnatname, gnatprep, gnatxref
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397 | </seg>
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398 | <seg>
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399 | libgnarl.{so,a}, libgnat.{so,a} in <filename class="directory">
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400 | /usr/lib/gcc/<arch-triplet>/&gcc-ada-version;/adalib</filename>
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401 | </seg>
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402 | <seg>
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403 | /usr/lib/gcc/<arch-triplet>/&gcc-ada-version;/ada{include,lib}
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404 | and /usr/lib/gcc/<arch-triplet>/&gcc-ada-version;/plugin/include/ada
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405 | </seg>
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406 | </seglistitem>
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407 | </segmentedlist>
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408 |
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409 | <para>
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410 | Only the Ada specific files are listed here. Others can be found at
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411 | <ulink url="&lfs-root;/chapter06/gcc.html#contents-gcc"/> as they were
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412 | initially installed during the building of LFS.
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413 | </para>
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414 |
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415 | <variablelist>
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416 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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417 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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418 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
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419 |
|
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420 | <varlistentry id="gnat">
|
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421 | <term><command>gnat</command></term>
|
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422 | <listitem>
|
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423 | <para>
|
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424 | is a wrapper that accepts a number of commands and calls
|
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425 | the corresponding tool from the list below.
|
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426 | </para>
|
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427 | <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnat">
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428 | <primary sortas="b-gnat">gnat</primary>
|
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429 | </indexterm>
|
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430 | </listitem>
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431 | </varlistentry>
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432 |
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433 | <varlistentry id="gnatbind">
|
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434 | <term><command>gnatbind</command></term>
|
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435 | <listitem>
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436 | <para>
|
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437 | is used to bind compiled objects.
|
---|
438 | </para>
|
---|
439 | <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatbind">
|
---|
440 | <primary sortas="b-gnatbind">gnatbind</primary>
|
---|
441 | </indexterm>
|
---|
442 | </listitem>
|
---|
443 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
444 |
|
---|
445 | <varlistentry id="gnatchop">
|
---|
446 | <term><command>gnatchop</command></term>
|
---|
447 | <listitem>
|
---|
448 | <para>
|
---|
449 | is useful for renaming files to meet the standard
|
---|
450 | <application>Ada</application> default file naming conventions.
|
---|
451 | </para>
|
---|
452 | <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatchop">
|
---|
453 | <primary sortas="b-gnatchop">gnatchop</primary>
|
---|
454 | </indexterm>
|
---|
455 | </listitem>
|
---|
456 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
457 |
|
---|
458 | <varlistentry id="gnatclean">
|
---|
459 | <term><command>gnatclean</command></term>
|
---|
460 | <listitem>
|
---|
461 | <para>
|
---|
462 | is used to remove files associated with a
|
---|
463 | <application>GNAT</application> project.
|
---|
464 | </para>
|
---|
465 | <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatclean">
|
---|
466 | <primary sortas="b-gnatclean">gnatclean</primary>
|
---|
467 | </indexterm>
|
---|
468 | </listitem>
|
---|
469 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
470 |
|
---|
471 | <varlistentry id="gnatfind">
|
---|
472 | <term><command>gnatfind</command></term>
|
---|
473 | <listitem>
|
---|
474 | <para>
|
---|
475 | is intended for locating definition and/or references to
|
---|
476 | specified entities in a <application>GNAT</application> project.
|
---|
477 | </para>
|
---|
478 | <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatfind">
|
---|
479 | <primary sortas="b-gnatfind">gnatfind</primary>
|
---|
480 | </indexterm>
|
---|
481 | </listitem>
|
---|
482 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
483 |
|
---|
484 | <varlistentry id="gnatkr">
|
---|
485 | <term><command>gnatkr</command></term>
|
---|
486 | <listitem>
|
---|
487 | <para>
|
---|
488 | is used to determine the crunched name for a given file, when
|
---|
489 | crunched to a specified maximum length.
|
---|
490 | </para>
|
---|
491 | <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatkr">
|
---|
492 | <primary sortas="b-gnatkr">gnatkr</primary>
|
---|
493 | </indexterm>
|
---|
494 | </listitem>
|
---|
495 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
496 |
|
---|
497 | <varlistentry id="gnatlink">
|
---|
498 | <term><command>gnatlink</command></term>
|
---|
499 | <listitem>
|
---|
500 | <para>
|
---|
501 | is used to link programs and build an executable file.
|
---|
502 | </para>
|
---|
503 | <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatlink">
|
---|
504 | <primary sortas="b-gnatlink">gnatlink</primary>
|
---|
505 | </indexterm>
|
---|
506 | </listitem>
|
---|
507 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
508 |
|
---|
509 | <varlistentry id="gnatls">
|
---|
510 | <term><command>gnatls</command></term>
|
---|
511 | <listitem>
|
---|
512 | <para>
|
---|
513 | is the compiled unit browser.
|
---|
514 | </para>
|
---|
515 | <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatls">
|
---|
516 | <primary sortas="b-gnatls">gnatls</primary>
|
---|
517 | </indexterm>
|
---|
518 | </listitem>
|
---|
519 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
520 |
|
---|
521 | <varlistentry id="gnatmake">
|
---|
522 | <term><command>gnatmake</command></term>
|
---|
523 | <listitem>
|
---|
524 | <para>
|
---|
525 | is the <application>Ada</application> compiler, which performs
|
---|
526 | compilation, binding and linking.
|
---|
527 | </para>
|
---|
528 | <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatmake">
|
---|
529 | <primary sortas="b-gnatmake">gnatmake</primary>
|
---|
530 | </indexterm>
|
---|
531 | </listitem>
|
---|
532 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
533 |
|
---|
534 | <varlistentry id="gnatname">
|
---|
535 | <term><command>gnatname</command></term>
|
---|
536 | <listitem>
|
---|
537 | <para>
|
---|
538 | will list the files associated with a
|
---|
539 | <application>GNAT</application> project.
|
---|
540 | </para>
|
---|
541 | <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatname">
|
---|
542 | <primary sortas="b-gnatname">gnatname</primary>
|
---|
543 | </indexterm>
|
---|
544 | </listitem>
|
---|
545 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
546 |
|
---|
547 | <varlistentry id="gnatprep">
|
---|
548 | <term><command>gnatprep</command></term>
|
---|
549 | <listitem>
|
---|
550 | <para>
|
---|
551 | is the <application>GNAT</application> external preprocessor.
|
---|
552 | </para>
|
---|
553 | <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatprep">
|
---|
554 | <primary sortas="b-gnatprep">gnatprep</primary>
|
---|
555 | </indexterm>
|
---|
556 | </listitem>
|
---|
557 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
558 |
|
---|
559 | <varlistentry id="gnatxref">
|
---|
560 | <term><command>gnatxref</command></term>
|
---|
561 | <listitem>
|
---|
562 | <para>
|
---|
563 | is similar to <command>gnatfind</command>, but generates
|
---|
564 | a full report of all cross-references.
|
---|
565 | </para>
|
---|
566 | <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatxref">
|
---|
567 | <primary sortas="b-gnatxref">gnatxref</primary>
|
---|
568 | </indexterm>
|
---|
569 | </listitem>
|
---|
570 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
571 |
|
---|
572 | </variablelist>
|
---|
573 |
|
---|
574 | </sect2>
|
---|
575 |
|
---|
576 | </sect1>
|
---|