1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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5 | %general-entities;
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6 | ]>
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7 |
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8 | <sect1 id="x-config">
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9 | <?dbhtml filename="xconfig.html"?>
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10 |
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11 |
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12 | <title>Additional X Window System Configuration</title>
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13 |
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14 | <para>Below you will find information on fine tuning the components
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15 | of the <application>X Window System</application>. The documentation
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16 | links are specifically for <application>XFree86</application>,
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17 | which has been retired in BLFS, however, the
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18 | information contained in those documents usually pertains to
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19 | <application>Xorg</application> as well. Detailed descriptions are also
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20 | located in the <filename>xorg.conf</filename> man page.</para>
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21 |
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22 | <sect2 id='xinput'>
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23 | <title>Setting up X Input Devices</title>
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24 |
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25 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
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26 | <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/XInputDevices"/></para>
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27 |
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28 | <sect3 id='xkeyboard'>
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29 | <title>Keyboards</title>
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30 |
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31 | <para>The following external links provide a good introduction
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32 | to setting up various keyboards.</para>
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33 |
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34 | <para><ulink url="http://www.xfree86.org/current/XKB-Config.html">The
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35 | <application>XKB</application> Configuration Guide</ulink></para>
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36 |
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37 | <para><ulink url="http://www.xfree86.org/current/XKB-Enhancing.html">How
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38 | to further enhance <application>XKB</application>
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39 | configuration</ulink></para>
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40 |
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41 | </sect3>
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42 |
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43 | <sect3 id='xmice'>
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44 | <title>Mice</title>
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45 |
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46 | <para>Multi-button mice can be used to their full potential by mapping
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47 | the additional buttons to X button events. Wheel mice are a common example.
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48 | The ordinary ones contain two buttons, and a scroll wheel that doubles as
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49 | a third button. As far as <application>X</application> is concerned, there
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50 | are 5 buttons as it counts the 'scroll up' and 'scroll down' functions
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51 | (internally they are buttons). Here is an example 'InputDevice' section for
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52 | a typical PS/2 wheel mouse:</para>
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53 |
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54 | <screen><literal>Section "InputDevice"
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55 | Identifier "Mouse 0"
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56 | Driver "mouse"
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57 | Option "Device" "/dev/input/mice"
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58 | Option "Protocol" "IMPS/2"
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59 | Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5"
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60 | Option "Buttons" "5"
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61 | EndSection</literal></screen>
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62 |
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63 | <para>Button assignments differ for every mouse type. On more exotic
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64 | mice, you may find that the rocker wheel buttons are 6 and 7. Simply
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65 | add those values to the <option>ZAxisMapping</option> option, and set
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66 | the <option>Buttons</option> option appropriately to enable side to
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67 | side scrolling. Additional information on button assignment can be
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68 | found in the following <application>XFree86</application>
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69 | document:</para>
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70 |
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71 | <para><ulink url="http://www.xfree86.org/current/mouse.html">Mouse
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72 | Support in <application>XFree86</application></ulink></para>
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73 |
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74 | </sect3>
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75 |
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76 | </sect2>
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77 |
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78 | <sect2 id='xdisplay'>
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79 | <title>Fine Tuning Display Settings</title>
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80 |
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81 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
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82 | <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/xdisplay"/></para>
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83 |
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84 | <sect3>
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85 | <title>The 'Monitor' Section</title>
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86 |
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87 | <para>One or more monitor sections specify the characteristics of your
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88 | monitor(s). Usually, the setup program can probe your monitor and setup
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89 | a monitor properly, however, this does not always work. The most common
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90 | entries that need to be updated are <option>HorizSync</option> and
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91 | <option>VertRefresh</option>. If the configuration program does not set
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92 | these properly, you will notice a resolution much lower than desired.
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93 | The default <option>HorizSync</option> setting is 28-33kHz which is very
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94 | conservative. The default <option>VertRefresh</option> is 43-72Hz.
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95 | Consult your monitor documentation or search online for the proper
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96 | settings for your monitor.</para>
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97 |
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98 | <para>It is also possible to control many detailed timing characteristics
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99 | of a monitor with a <option>Modeline</option> setting. Most users will
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100 | not need to do this, but details are in the man page referenced above.
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101 | </para>
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102 |
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103 | <warning><para>Incorrect monitor settings can destroy your monitor or
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104 | even set it on fire! For most newer monitors, the result of overly
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105 | aggressive settings is a blank screen, but older monitors do not all have
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106 | built in safeguards.</para></warning>
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107 |
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108 | <para>Other items that may be of interest in this section is the
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109 | <option>DPMS</option> and associated <option>StandbyTime</option>,
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110 | <option>SuspendTime</option>, and <option>OffTime</option> options.
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111 | These parameters control the energy saving features of your monitor. They
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112 | may also be controlled at runtime with the <command>xset</command> command
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113 | or via a graphical interface such as <application>KDE</application>'s
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114 | Control Center.</para>
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115 |
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116 | <para>A typical monitor section will normally look like:</para>
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117 |
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118 | <screen><literal>Section "Monitor"
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119 | DisplaySize 400 300 # mm
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120 | Identifier "Monitor0"
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121 | VendorName "VSC"
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122 | ModelName "G810-2"
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123 | HorizSync 30.0 - 92.0
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124 | VertRefresh 50.0 - 180.0
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125 | Option "DPMS"
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126 | Option "StandbyTime" "10"
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127 | Option "SuspendTime" "20"
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128 | Option "OffTime" "30"
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129 | EndSection</literal></screen>
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130 |
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131 | </sect3>
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132 |
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133 | <sect3>
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134 | <title>The 'Device' Section</title>
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135 |
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136 | <para>This section basically controls your video card. The key entry is
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137 | the <option>Driver</option> setting. This can be a driver from the
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138 | <application>X</application> distribution you are using, from the kernel
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139 | source, or a proprietary driver for devices such as a Nvidia graphics
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140 | adaptor. The driver often is a kernel module or built into the kernel
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141 | itself, but there are also separate non-kernel components usually found
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142 | in the <filename
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143 | class='directory'>/usr/X11R6/lib/modules/drivers/</filename> directory.
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144 | These were either built with the <application>X</application> server or
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145 | installed via external (i.e., proprietary) programs.</para>
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146 |
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147 | <para>There are many options for device drivers and most are specific to
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148 | the driver being used. Documentation for many drivers can be found at
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149 | the <ulink url="http://www.xfree86.org/current/manindex4.html">XFree86
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150 | Driver Manual Pages</ulink>.</para>
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151 |
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152 | <para>A typical Device section will look like:</para>
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153 |
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154 | <screen><literal>Section "Device"
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155 | Identifier "Videocard0"
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156 | Driver "radeon"
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157 | VendorName "Videocard vendor"
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158 | BoardName "ATI Radeon 7500"
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159 | EndSection</literal></screen>
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160 |
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161 | </sect3>
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162 |
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163 | </sect2>
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164 |
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165 | <sect2 id='xlayouts'>
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166 | <title>Display Layouts</title>
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167 |
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168 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
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169 | <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/xlayouts"/></para>
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170 |
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171 | <para>Within the <application>X Window System</application> configuration
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172 | file there may be multiple layout sections like:</para>
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173 |
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174 | <screen><literal>Section "ServerLayout"
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175 | Identifier "X.org Configured"
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176 | Screen 0 "Screen0" 0 0
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177 | InputDevice "Mouse0" "CorePointer"
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178 | InputDevice "Keyboard0" "CoreKeyboard"
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179 | EndSection</literal></screen>
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180 |
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181 | <para>The default layout is the first, but if you have special needs,
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182 | you can create others with different configurations. The
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183 | <option>Identifier</option> line in each section is the key. Different
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184 | layouts can be created using different Screen and InputDevice sections.</para>
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185 |
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186 | <para>After the configuration file is updated, an alternate configuration
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187 | can be specified on the <command>startx</command> line. For instance,
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188 | to start <application>X</application> with an alternate layout with an
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189 | Identifier of "layout2", use the following command line:</para>
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190 |
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191 | <screen><command>startx -- -layout layout2</command></screen>
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192 |
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193 |
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194 | </sect2>
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195 |
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196 | </sect1>
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