[0c13b97d] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 |
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| 7 | <!ENTITY gcc-download-http "http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-&gcc-version;/gcc-&gcc-version;.tar.bz2">
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| 8 | <!ENTITY gcc-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-&gcc-version;/gcc-&gcc-version;.tar.bz2">
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| 9 | <!ENTITY gcc-md5sum "9709b49ae0e904cbb0a6a1b62853b556">
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| 10 | <!ENTITY gcc-size "86 MB">
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| 11 | <!ENTITY gcc-ada-buildsize "5 GB (0.7 GB added if GNAT install dir is not removed)">
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| 12 | <!ENTITY gcc-ada-time "39 SBU (and 75 SBU for tests)">
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| 13 |
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| 14 | <!ENTITY gnat-download-http "https://libre.adacore.com/download/">
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| 15 | <!ENTITY gnat-64-download-http "http://mirrors.cdn.adacore.com/art/7427735035ecc98968ebfcee17494161b0de28ef">
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| 16 | <!ENTITY gnat-64-md5sum "c0863ed75109b5aa737becfd5a6ec038">
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| 17 | <!ENTITY gnat-64-size "225 MB">
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| 18 | <!ENTITY gnat-32-download-http "http://mirrors.cdn.adacore.com/art/3fc05fc61cbc7ab4f291ed19ea4cb269fffd17bd">
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| 19 | <!ENTITY gnat-32-md5sum "69423c7ad8d9759377d4fff71a78992d">
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| 20 | <!ENTITY gnat-32-size "222 MB">
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| 21 | ]>
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| 22 |
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| 23 | <sect1 id="gcc-ada" xreflabel="GCC-Ada-&gcc-version;">
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| 24 | <?dbhtml filename="gcc-ada.html" ?>
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| 25 |
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| 26 | <sect1info>
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| 27 | <othername>$LastChangedBy: fernando $</othername>
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| 28 | <date>$Date: 2014-05-10 22:28:15 +0200 (sam. 10 mai 2014) $</date>
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| 29 | </sect1info>
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| 30 |
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| 31 | <title>GCC-Ada-&gcc-version;</title>
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| 32 |
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| 33 | <indexterm zone="gcc-ada">
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| 34 | <primary sortas="a-gcc-4-0">GCC-Ada&gcc-version;</primary>
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| 35 | </indexterm>
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| 36 |
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| 37 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 38 | <title>Introduction to the GCC Ada compiler</title>
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| 39 |
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| 40 | <para>Ada is a modern programming language designed for large, long-lived
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| 41 | applications — and embedded systems in particular — where
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| 42 | reliability and efficiency are essential. It has a set of unique technical
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| 43 | features that make it highly effective for use in large, complex and
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| 44 | safety-critical projects.</para>
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| 45 |
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| 46 | <para>The compiler and associated tools on this page are known as the
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| 47 | <application>GNAT</application> technology, developped by the Adacore
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| 48 | company, using the <application>GCC</application> backend. Since
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| 49 | parts of the Ada compiler are written in Ada, there is a circular
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| 50 | dependency on an Ada compiler. The instructions below first install
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| 51 | a binary compiler.</para>
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| 52 |
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| 53 | <!-- &lfs75_checked; -->
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| 54 |
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| 55 | <caution>
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| 56 | <para>Using the instructions on this page will have the effect that
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| 57 | the C and C++ compiler and libraries will be reinstalled, overwriting
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| 58 | the ones on your system. This may lead to some issues. Please read the
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| 59 | notes and caution on the <xref linkend="gcc"/> page.</para>
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| 60 | </caution>
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| 61 |
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| 62 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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| 63 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 64 | <listitem>
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| 65 | <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&gcc-download-http;"/></para>
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| 66 | </listitem>
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| 67 | <listitem>
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| 68 | <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&gcc-download-ftp;"/></para>
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| 69 | </listitem>
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| 70 | <listitem>
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| 71 | <para>Download MD5 sum: &gcc-md5sum;</para>
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| 72 | </listitem>
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| 73 | <listitem>
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| 74 | <para>Download size: &gcc-size;</para>
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| 75 | </listitem>
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| 76 | <listitem>
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| 77 | <para>Estimated disk space required: &gcc-ada-buildsize;</para>
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| 78 | </listitem>
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| 79 | <listitem>
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| 80 | <para>Estimated build time: &gcc-ada-time;</para>
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| 81 | </listitem>
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| 82 | </itemizedlist>
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| 83 |
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| 84 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
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| 85 | <note>
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| 86 | <para>You will need to install <application>GNAT</application>
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| 87 | temporarily to satisfy the circular dependency. You may point your
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| 88 | browser to the <ulink url="&gnat-download-http;">AdaCore download
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| 89 | page</ulink>, choose your platform and 2014, then select the file
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| 90 | to download. Alternatively, direct links to the 64 bit and 32 bit
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| 91 | linux versions are given below.</para>
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| 92 | </note>
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| 93 |
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| 94 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 95 | <listitem>
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| 96 | <para>
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| 97 | GNAT 64 bit binary: <ulink url="&gnat-64-download-http;"/>
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| 98 | </para>
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| 99 | </listitem>
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| 100 | <listitem>
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| 101 | <para>
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| 102 | GNAT 64 bit MD5 sum: &gnat-64-md5sum;
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| 103 | </para>
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| 104 | </listitem>
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| 105 | <listitem>
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| 106 | <para>
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| 107 | GNAT 64 bit size: &gnat-64-size;
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| 108 | </para>
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| 109 | </listitem>
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| 110 | <listitem>
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| 111 | <para>
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| 112 | GNAT 32 bit binary: <ulink url="&gnat-32-download-http;"/>
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| 113 | </para>
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| 114 | </listitem>
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| 115 | <listitem>
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| 116 | <para>
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| 117 | GNAT 32 bit MD5 sum: &gnat-32-md5sum;
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| 118 | </para>
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| 119 | </listitem>
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| 120 | <listitem>
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| 121 | <para>
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| 122 | GNAT 32 bit size: &gnat-32-size;
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| 123 | </para>
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| 124 | </listitem>
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| 125 | <listitem>
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| 126 | <para>
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| 127 | Required patch:
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| 128 | <ulink url="&patch-root;/gcc-&gcc-version;-upstream_fixes-1.patch"/>
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| 129 | </para>
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| 130 | </listitem>
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| 131 | </itemizedlist>
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| 132 |
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| 133 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">GCC Ada Dependencies</bridgehead>
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| 134 |
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| 135 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Recommended</bridgehead>
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| 136 | <para role="recommended">
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| 137 | <xref linkend="dejagnu"/>, for tests
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| 138 | </para>
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| 139 |
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| 140 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
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| 141 | <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/gcc-ada"/></para>
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| 142 |
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| 143 | </sect2>
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| 144 |
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| 145 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 146 | <title>Installation of the GNAT binary</title>
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| 147 |
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| 148 | <para>Before unpacking and changing into the GCC source directory, first
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| 149 | unpack the <application>GNAT</application> tarball, and change to the
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| 150 | GNAT directory. Then, install the <application>GNAT</application> binary
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| 151 | by running the following command as the
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| 152 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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| 153 |
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| 154 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make ins-all prefix=/opt/gnat</userinput></screen>
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| 155 |
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| 156 | <para>The <application>GNAT</application> compiler can be invoked by
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| 157 | executing the <command>gcc</command> binary installed in <filename
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| 158 | class="directory">/opt/gnat/bin</filename>.</para>
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| 159 |
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| 160 | <para>You may now remove the <application>GNAT</application>
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| 161 | source directory if desired.</para>
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| 162 |
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| 163 | <para>Prepare to compile <application>GCC</application> by placing the
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| 164 | <application>GNAT</application> version of <command>gcc</command> at the
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| 165 | beginning of the <envar>PATH</envar> variable by using the following
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| 166 | commands:</para>
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| 167 |
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| 168 | <screen><userinput>PATH_HOLD=$PATH &&
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| 169 | export PATH=/opt/gnat/bin:$PATH_HOLD</userinput></screen>
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| 170 |
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| 171 | <para>Doing so has the drawback that the <application>GCC</application>
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| 172 | and <application>Binutils</application> executables are taken
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| 173 | from the just installed <application>GNAT</application> package, but the
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| 174 | versions of those executables are outdated compared to those installed in
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| 175 | LFS. This is not important for the <application>GCC</application> compilers,
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| 176 | since they recompile themselves during the bootstrap process. On the other
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| 177 | hand, the outdated <command>ld</command> and <command>as</command> tools
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| 178 | are used all along. In order to use the LFS tools, issue as the
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| 179 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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| 180 |
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| 181 | <screen role="root"><userinput>find /opt/gnat -name ld -exec mv -v {} {}.old \;
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| 182 | find /opt/gnat -name as -exec mv -v {} {}.old \;</userinput></screen>
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| 183 |
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| 184 | </sect2>
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| 185 |
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| 186 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 187 | <title>Installation of GCC Ada</title>
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| 188 |
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| 189 | <para>Install <application>GCC Ada</application> by running the
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| 190 | following commands:</para>
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| 191 |
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| 192 | <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../gcc-&gcc-version;-upstream_fixes-1.patch &&
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| 193 | mkdir ../gcc-build &&
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| 194 | cd ../gcc-build &&
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| 195 |
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| 196 | ../gcc-&gcc-version;/configure \
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| 197 | --prefix=/usr \
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| 198 | --libdir=/usr/lib \
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| 199 | --enable-shared \
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| 200 | --enable-threads=posix \
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| 201 | --enable-__cxa_atexit \
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| 202 | --enable-clocale=gnu \
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| 203 | --disable-multilib \
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| 204 | --with-system-zlib \
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| 205 | --enable-languages=ada &&
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| 206 | make</userinput></screen>
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| 207 |
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| 208 | <para>If you have installed additional packages such as
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| 209 | <application>Valgrind</application> and <application>GDB</application>,
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| 210 | the <application>GCC</application> part of the testsuite will run more
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| 211 | tests than in LFS. Some of those will report FAIL and others XPASS
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| 212 | (pass when expected to FAIL). To run the tests, issue:</para>
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| 213 |
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| 214 | <screen><userinput>ulimit -s 32768 &&
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| 215 | make -k check</userinput></screen>
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| 216 | <!-- The command above may error out, so using && may prevent the summary
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| 217 | to be run. -->
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| 218 |
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| 219 | <para>The tests are very long, and the results may be hard to find in the
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| 220 | logs, specially if you use parallel jobs with make. You can get a summary
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| 221 | of the tests with:</para>
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| 222 |
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| 223 | <screen><userinput>../gcc-&gcc-version;/contrib/test_summary</userinput></screen>
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| 224 |
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| 225 | <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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| 226 |
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| 227 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install &&
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| 228 |
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| 229 | mkdir -pv /usr/share/gdb/auto-load/usr/lib &&
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| 230 | mv -v /usr/lib/*gdb.py /usr/share/gdb/auto-load/usr/lib &&
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| 231 |
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| 232 | chown -v -R root:root \
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| 233 | /usr/lib/gcc/*linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include{,-fixed} \
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| 234 | /usr/lib/gcc/*linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/ada{lib,include}</userinput></screen>
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| 235 |
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| 236 | <para>You should now remove the <application>GNAT</application>
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| 237 | installation and perform other cleanups:</para>
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| 238 |
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| 239 | <screen><userinput>rm -rf /opt/gnat &&
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| 240 | export PATH=$PATH_HOLD &&
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| 241 | unset PATH_HOLD</userinput></screen>
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| 242 |
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| 243 | </sect2>
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| 244 |
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| 245 | <sect2 role="commands">
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| 246 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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| 247 |
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| 248 | <para><command>mkdir ../gcc-build; cd ../gcc-build</command>: The
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| 249 | <application>GCC</application> documentation recommends
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| 250 | building the package in a dedicated build directory.</para>
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| 251 |
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| 252 | <para><parameter>--enable-shared --enable-threads=posix
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| 253 | --enable-__cxa_atexit</parameter>: These parameters are required to build
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| 254 | the <application>C++</application> libraries to published standards.</para>
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| 255 |
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| 256 | <para><parameter>--enable-clocale=gnu</parameter>: This parameter is a
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| 257 | failsafe for incomplete locale data.</para>
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| 258 |
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| 259 | <para><parameter>--disable-multilib</parameter>: This parameter ensures
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| 260 | that files are created for the specific architecture of your computer.</para>
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| 261 |
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| 262 | <para>
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| 263 | <parameter>--with-system-zlib</parameter>: allows to use the system
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| 264 | <application>zlib</application> instead of the bundled one.
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| 265 | <application>zlib</application> is used for compressing
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| 266 | and uncompressing <application>GCC</application>'s intermediate
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| 267 | language in LTO (Link Time Optimization) object files.
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| 268 | </para>
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| 269 |
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| 270 | <para>
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| 271 | <parameter>--enable-languages=ada</parameter>: instructs
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| 272 | the build system to build the Ada tools and compiler. Note that
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| 273 | the C and C++ compilers are also built.
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| 274 | </para>
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| 275 |
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| 276 | <para><command>ulimit -s 32768</command>: This command prevents several
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| 277 | tests from running out of stack space.</para>
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| 278 |
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| 279 | <para><command>make -k check</command>: This command runs the test suite
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| 280 | without stopping if any errors are encountered.</para>
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| 281 |
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| 282 | <para><command>../gcc-&gcc-version;/contrib/test_summary</command>: This
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| 283 | command will produce a summary of the test suite results. You can append
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| 284 | <command>| grep -A7 Summ</command> to the command to produce an even more
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| 285 | condensed version of the summary. You may also wish to redirect the output
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| 286 | to a file for review and comparison later on.</para>
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| 287 |
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| 288 | <para><command>chown -v -R root:root /usr/lib/gcc/*linux-gnu/...</command>:
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| 289 | If the package is built by a user other than root, the ownership of the
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| 290 | installed <filename class="directory">include</filename> and
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| 291 | <filename class="directory">adalib</filename> directories (and their
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| 292 | contents) will be incorrect. These commands change the ownership to the
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| 293 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user and group.</para>
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| 294 |
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| 295 | </sect2>
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| 296 |
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| 297 | <sect2 role="content">
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| 298 | <title>Contents</title>
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| 299 |
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| 300 | <segmentedlist>
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| 301 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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| 302 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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| 303 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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| 304 |
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| 305 | <seglistitem>
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| 306 | <seg>
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| 307 | gnat, gnatbind, gnatchop, gnatclean, gnatfind, gnatkr,
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| 308 | gnatlink, gnatls, gnatmake, gnatname, gnatprep, gnatxref,
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| 309 | and a run-time executable, gnat1, in <filename class="directory">
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| 310 | /usr/libexec/<arch-triplet>/&gcc-version;</filename>
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| 311 | </seg>
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| 312 | <seg>
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| 313 | libgnat.{so,a}, libgnarl.{so,a} in <filename class="directory">
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| 314 | /usr/lib/gcc/<arch-triplet>/&gcc-version;/adalib</filename>
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| 315 | </seg>
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| 316 | <seg>
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| 317 | /usr/lib/gcc/<arch-triplet>/&gcc-version;/ada{include,lib}
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| 318 | </seg>
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| 319 | </seglistitem>
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| 320 | </segmentedlist>
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| 321 |
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| 322 | <para>Only the Ada specific files are listed here. Others can be found at
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| 323 | <ulink url="&lfs-root;/chapter06/gcc.html#contents-gcc"/> as they were
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| 324 | initially installed during the building of LFS.</para>
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| 325 |
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| 326 | <variablelist>
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| 327 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 328 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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| 329 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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| 330 |
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| 331 | <varlistentry id="gnat">
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| 332 | <term><command>gnat</command></term>
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| 333 | <listitem>
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| 334 | <para>is a wrapper that accepts a number of commands and calls
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| 335 | the corresponding tool from the list below.</para>
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| 336 | <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnat">
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| 337 | <primary sortas="b-gnat">gnat</primary>
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| 338 | </indexterm>
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| 339 | </listitem>
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| 340 | </varlistentry>
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| 341 |
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| 342 | <varlistentry id="gnatbind">
|
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| 343 | <term><command>gnatbind</command></term>
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| 344 | <listitem>
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| 345 | <para>is used to bind compiled objects.</para>
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| 346 | <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatbind">
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| 347 | <primary sortas="b-gnatbind">gnatbind</primary>
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| 348 | </indexterm>
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| 349 | </listitem>
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| 350 | </varlistentry>
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| 351 |
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| 352 | <varlistentry id="gnatchop">
|
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| 353 | <term><command>gnatchop</command></term>
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| 354 | <listitem>
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| 355 | <para>is useful for renaming files to meet the standard
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| 356 | <application>Ada</application> default file naming conventions.</para>
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| 357 | <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatchop">
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| 358 | <primary sortas="b-gnatchop">gnatchop</primary>
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| 359 | </indexterm>
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| 360 | </listitem>
|
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| 361 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 362 |
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| 363 | <varlistentry id="gnatclean">
|
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| 364 | <term><command>gnatclean</command></term>
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| 365 | <listitem>
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| 366 | <para>is used to remove files associated with a
|
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| 367 | <application>GNAT</application> project.</para>
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| 368 | <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatclean">
|
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| 369 | <primary sortas="b-gnatclean">gnatclean</primary>
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| 370 | </indexterm>
|
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| 371 | </listitem>
|
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| 372 | </varlistentry>
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| 373 |
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| 374 | <varlistentry id="gnatfind">
|
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| 375 | <term><command>gnatfind</command></term>
|
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| 376 | <listitem>
|
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| 377 | <para> is intended for locating definition and/or references to
|
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| 378 | specified entities in a <application>GNAT</application> project.</para>
|
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| 379 | <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatfind">
|
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| 380 | <primary sortas="b-gnatfind">gnatfind</primary>
|
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| 381 | </indexterm>
|
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| 382 | </listitem>
|
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| 383 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 384 |
|
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| 385 | <varlistentry id="gnatkr">
|
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| 386 | <term><command>gnatkr</command></term>
|
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| 387 | <listitem>
|
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| 388 | <para>is used to determine the crunched name for a given file, when
|
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| 389 | crunched to a specified maximum length.</para>
|
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| 390 | <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatkr">
|
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| 391 | <primary sortas="b-gnatkr">gnatkr</primary>
|
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| 392 | </indexterm>
|
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| 393 | </listitem>
|
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| 394 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 395 |
|
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| 396 | <varlistentry id="gnatlink">
|
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| 397 | <term><command>gnatlink</command></term>
|
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| 398 | <listitem>
|
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| 399 | <para>is used to link programs and build an executable file.</para>
|
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| 400 | <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatlink">
|
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| 401 | <primary sortas="b-gnatlink">gnatlink</primary>
|
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| 402 | </indexterm>
|
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| 403 | </listitem>
|
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| 404 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 405 |
|
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| 406 | <varlistentry id="gnatls">
|
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| 407 | <term><command>gnatls</command></term>
|
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| 408 | <listitem>
|
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| 409 | <para>is the compiled unit browser.</para>
|
---|
| 410 | <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatls">
|
---|
| 411 | <primary sortas="b-gnatls">gnatls</primary>
|
---|
| 412 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 413 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 414 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 415 |
|
---|
| 416 | <varlistentry id="gnatmake">
|
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| 417 | <term><command>gnatmake</command></term>
|
---|
| 418 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 419 | <para>is the <application>Ada</application> compiler, which performs
|
---|
| 420 | compilaton, binding and linking.</para>
|
---|
| 421 | <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatmake">
|
---|
| 422 | <primary sortas="b-gnatmake">gnatmake</primary>
|
---|
| 423 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 424 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 425 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 426 |
|
---|
| 427 | <varlistentry id="gnatname">
|
---|
| 428 | <term><command>gnatname</command></term>
|
---|
| 429 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 430 | <para>will list the files associated with a
|
---|
| 431 | <application>GNAT</application> project.</para>
|
---|
| 432 | <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatname">
|
---|
| 433 | <primary sortas="b-gnatname">gnatname</primary>
|
---|
| 434 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 435 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 436 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 437 |
|
---|
| 438 | <varlistentry id="gnatprep">
|
---|
| 439 | <term><command>gnatprep</command></term>
|
---|
| 440 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 441 | <para>is the <application>GNAT</application> external
|
---|
| 442 | preprocessor.</para>
|
---|
| 443 | <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatprep">
|
---|
| 444 | <primary sortas="b-gnatprep">gnatprep</primary>
|
---|
| 445 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 446 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 447 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 448 |
|
---|
| 449 | <varlistentry id="gnatxref">
|
---|
| 450 | <term><command>gnatxref</command></term>
|
---|
| 451 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 452 | <para>is similar to <command>gnatfind</command>, but generates
|
---|
| 453 | a full report of all cross-references.</para>
|
---|
| 454 | <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatxref">
|
---|
| 455 | <primary sortas="b-gnatxref">gnatxref</primary>
|
---|
| 456 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 457 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 458 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 459 |
|
---|
| 460 | </variablelist>
|
---|
| 461 |
|
---|
| 462 | </sect2>
|
---|
| 463 |
|
---|
| 464 | </sect1>
|
---|