source: general/prog/gcc-ada.xml@ 0c13b97d

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Last change on this file since 0c13b97d was 0c13b97d, checked in by Pierre Labastie <pieere@…>, 10 years ago

Commit forgotten files for GCC split

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6
7 <!ENTITY gcc-download-http "http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-&gcc-version;/gcc-&gcc-version;.tar.bz2">
8 <!ENTITY gcc-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-&gcc-version;/gcc-&gcc-version;.tar.bz2">
9 <!ENTITY gcc-md5sum "9709b49ae0e904cbb0a6a1b62853b556">
10 <!ENTITY gcc-size "86 MB">
11 <!ENTITY gcc-ada-buildsize "5 GB (0.7 GB added if GNAT install dir is not removed)">
12 <!ENTITY gcc-ada-time "39 SBU (and 75 SBU for tests)">
13
14 <!ENTITY gnat-download-http "https://libre.adacore.com/download/">
15 <!ENTITY gnat-64-download-http "http://mirrors.cdn.adacore.com/art/7427735035ecc98968ebfcee17494161b0de28ef">
16 <!ENTITY gnat-64-md5sum "c0863ed75109b5aa737becfd5a6ec038">
17 <!ENTITY gnat-64-size "225 MB">
18 <!ENTITY gnat-32-download-http "http://mirrors.cdn.adacore.com/art/3fc05fc61cbc7ab4f291ed19ea4cb269fffd17bd">
19 <!ENTITY gnat-32-md5sum "69423c7ad8d9759377d4fff71a78992d">
20 <!ENTITY gnat-32-size "222 MB">
21]>
22
23<sect1 id="gcc-ada" xreflabel="GCC-Ada-&gcc-version;">
24 <?dbhtml filename="gcc-ada.html" ?>
25
26 <sect1info>
27 <othername>$LastChangedBy: fernando $</othername>
28 <date>$Date: 2014-05-10 22:28:15 +0200 (sam. 10 mai 2014) $</date>
29 </sect1info>
30
31 <title>GCC-Ada-&gcc-version;</title>
32
33 <indexterm zone="gcc-ada">
34 <primary sortas="a-gcc-4-0">GCC-Ada&gcc-version;</primary>
35 </indexterm>
36
37 <sect2 role="package">
38 <title>Introduction to the GCC Ada compiler</title>
39
40 <para>Ada is a modern programming language designed for large, long-lived
41 applications &mdash; and embedded systems in particular &mdash; where
42 reliability and efficiency are essential. It has a set of unique technical
43 features that make it highly effective for use in large, complex and
44 safety-critical projects.</para>
45
46 <para>The compiler and associated tools on this page are known as the
47 <application>GNAT</application> technology, developped by the Adacore
48 company, using the <application>GCC</application> backend. Since
49 parts of the Ada compiler are written in Ada, there is a circular
50 dependency on an Ada compiler. The instructions below first install
51 a binary compiler.</para>
52
53<!-- &lfs75_checked; -->
54
55 <caution>
56 <para>Using the instructions on this page will have the effect that
57 the C and C++ compiler and libraries will be reinstalled, overwriting
58 the ones on your system. This may lead to some issues. Please read the
59 notes and caution on the <xref linkend="gcc"/> page.</para>
60 </caution>
61
62 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
63 <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
64 <listitem>
65 <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&gcc-download-http;"/></para>
66 </listitem>
67 <listitem>
68 <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&gcc-download-ftp;"/></para>
69 </listitem>
70 <listitem>
71 <para>Download MD5 sum: &gcc-md5sum;</para>
72 </listitem>
73 <listitem>
74 <para>Download size: &gcc-size;</para>
75 </listitem>
76 <listitem>
77 <para>Estimated disk space required: &gcc-ada-buildsize;</para>
78 </listitem>
79 <listitem>
80 <para>Estimated build time: &gcc-ada-time;</para>
81 </listitem>
82 </itemizedlist>
83
84 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
85 <note>
86 <para>You will need to install <application>GNAT</application>
87 temporarily to satisfy the circular dependency. You may point your
88 browser to the <ulink url="&gnat-download-http;">AdaCore download
89 page</ulink>, choose your platform and 2014, then select the file
90 to download. Alternatively, direct links to the 64 bit and 32 bit
91 linux versions are given below.</para>
92 </note>
93
94 <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
95 <listitem>
96 <para>
97 GNAT 64 bit binary: <ulink url="&gnat-64-download-http;"/>
98 </para>
99 </listitem>
100 <listitem>
101 <para>
102 GNAT 64 bit MD5 sum: &gnat-64-md5sum;
103 </para>
104 </listitem>
105 <listitem>
106 <para>
107 GNAT 64 bit size: &gnat-64-size;
108 </para>
109 </listitem>
110 <listitem>
111 <para>
112 GNAT 32 bit binary: <ulink url="&gnat-32-download-http;"/>
113 </para>
114 </listitem>
115 <listitem>
116 <para>
117 GNAT 32 bit MD5 sum: &gnat-32-md5sum;
118 </para>
119 </listitem>
120 <listitem>
121 <para>
122 GNAT 32 bit size: &gnat-32-size;
123 </para>
124 </listitem>
125 <listitem>
126 <para>
127 Required patch:
128 <ulink url="&patch-root;/gcc-&gcc-version;-upstream_fixes-1.patch"/>
129 </para>
130 </listitem>
131 </itemizedlist>
132
133 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">GCC Ada Dependencies</bridgehead>
134
135 <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Recommended</bridgehead>
136 <para role="recommended">
137 <xref linkend="dejagnu"/>, for tests
138 </para>
139
140 <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
141 <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/gcc-ada"/></para>
142
143 </sect2>
144
145 <sect2 role="installation">
146 <title>Installation of the GNAT binary</title>
147
148 <para>Before unpacking and changing into the GCC source directory, first
149 unpack the <application>GNAT</application> tarball, and change to the
150 GNAT directory. Then, install the <application>GNAT</application> binary
151 by running the following command as the
152 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
153
154<screen role="root"><userinput>make ins-all prefix=/opt/gnat</userinput></screen>
155
156 <para>The <application>GNAT</application> compiler can be invoked by
157 executing the <command>gcc</command> binary installed in <filename
158 class="directory">/opt/gnat/bin</filename>.</para>
159
160 <para>You may now remove the <application>GNAT</application>
161 source directory if desired.</para>
162
163 <para>Prepare to compile <application>GCC</application> by placing the
164 <application>GNAT</application> version of <command>gcc</command> at the
165 beginning of the <envar>PATH</envar> variable by using the following
166 commands:</para>
167
168<screen><userinput>PATH_HOLD=$PATH &amp;&amp;
169export PATH=/opt/gnat/bin:$PATH_HOLD</userinput></screen>
170
171 <para>Doing so has the drawback that the <application>GCC</application>
172 and <application>Binutils</application> executables are taken
173 from the just installed <application>GNAT</application> package, but the
174 versions of those executables are outdated compared to those installed in
175 LFS. This is not important for the <application>GCC</application> compilers,
176 since they recompile themselves during the bootstrap process. On the other
177 hand, the outdated <command>ld</command> and <command>as</command> tools
178 are used all along. In order to use the LFS tools, issue as the
179 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
180
181<screen role="root"><userinput>find /opt/gnat -name ld -exec mv -v {} {}.old \;
182find /opt/gnat -name as -exec mv -v {} {}.old \;</userinput></screen>
183
184 </sect2>
185
186 <sect2 role="installation">
187 <title>Installation of GCC Ada</title>
188
189 <para>Install <application>GCC Ada</application> by running the
190 following commands:</para>
191
192<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../gcc-&gcc-version;-upstream_fixes-1.patch &amp;&amp;
193mkdir ../gcc-build &amp;&amp;
194cd ../gcc-build &amp;&amp;
195
196../gcc-&gcc-version;/configure \
197 --prefix=/usr \
198 --libdir=/usr/lib \
199 --enable-shared \
200 --enable-threads=posix \
201 --enable-__cxa_atexit \
202 --enable-clocale=gnu \
203 --disable-multilib \
204 --with-system-zlib \
205 --enable-languages=ada &amp;&amp;
206make</userinput></screen>
207
208 <para>If you have installed additional packages such as
209 <application>Valgrind</application> and <application>GDB</application>,
210 the <application>GCC</application> part of the testsuite will run more
211 tests than in LFS. Some of those will report FAIL and others XPASS
212 (pass when expected to FAIL). To run the tests, issue:</para>
213
214<screen><userinput>ulimit -s 32768 &amp;&amp;
215make -k check</userinput></screen>
216<!-- The command above may error out, so using && may prevent the summary
217to be run. -->
218
219 <para>The tests are very long, and the results may be hard to find in the
220 logs, specially if you use parallel jobs with make. You can get a summary
221 of the tests with:</para>
222
223<screen><userinput>../gcc-&gcc-version;/contrib/test_summary</userinput></screen>
224
225 <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
226
227<screen role="root"><userinput>make install &amp;&amp;
228
229mkdir -pv /usr/share/gdb/auto-load/usr/lib &amp;&amp;
230mv -v /usr/lib/*gdb.py /usr/share/gdb/auto-load/usr/lib &amp;&amp;
231
232chown -v -R root:root \
233 /usr/lib/gcc/*linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include{,-fixed} \
234 /usr/lib/gcc/*linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/ada{lib,include}</userinput></screen>
235
236 <para>You should now remove the <application>GNAT</application>
237 installation and perform other cleanups:</para>
238
239<screen><userinput>rm -rf /opt/gnat &amp;&amp;
240export PATH=$PATH_HOLD &amp;&amp;
241unset PATH_HOLD</userinput></screen>
242
243 </sect2>
244
245 <sect2 role="commands">
246 <title>Command Explanations</title>
247
248 <para><command>mkdir ../gcc-build; cd ../gcc-build</command>: The
249 <application>GCC</application> documentation recommends
250 building the package in a dedicated build directory.</para>
251
252 <para><parameter>--enable-shared --enable-threads=posix
253 --enable-__cxa_atexit</parameter>: These parameters are required to build
254 the <application>C++</application> libraries to published standards.</para>
255
256 <para><parameter>--enable-clocale=gnu</parameter>: This parameter is a
257 failsafe for incomplete locale data.</para>
258
259 <para><parameter>--disable-multilib</parameter>: This parameter ensures
260 that files are created for the specific architecture of your computer.</para>
261
262 <para>
263 <parameter>--with-system-zlib</parameter>: allows to use the system
264 <application>zlib</application> instead of the bundled one.
265 <application>zlib</application> is used for compressing
266 and uncompressing <application>GCC</application>'s intermediate
267 language in LTO (Link Time Optimization) object files.
268 </para>
269
270 <para>
271 <parameter>--enable-languages=ada</parameter>: instructs
272 the build system to build the Ada tools and compiler. Note that
273 the C and C++ compilers are also built.
274 </para>
275
276 <para><command>ulimit -s 32768</command>: This command prevents several
277 tests from running out of stack space.</para>
278
279 <para><command>make -k check</command>: This command runs the test suite
280 without stopping if any errors are encountered.</para>
281
282 <para><command>../gcc-&gcc-version;/contrib/test_summary</command>: This
283 command will produce a summary of the test suite results. You can append
284 <command>| grep -A7 Summ</command> to the command to produce an even more
285 condensed version of the summary. You may also wish to redirect the output
286 to a file for review and comparison later on.</para>
287
288 <para><command>chown -v -R root:root /usr/lib/gcc/*linux-gnu/...</command>:
289 If the package is built by a user other than root, the ownership of the
290 installed <filename class="directory">include</filename> and
291 <filename class="directory">adalib</filename> directories (and their
292 contents) will be incorrect. These commands change the ownership to the
293 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user and group.</para>
294
295 </sect2>
296
297 <sect2 role="content">
298 <title>Contents</title>
299
300 <segmentedlist>
301 <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
302 <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
303 <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
304
305 <seglistitem>
306 <seg>
307 gnat, gnatbind, gnatchop, gnatclean, gnatfind, gnatkr,
308 gnatlink, gnatls, gnatmake, gnatname, gnatprep, gnatxref,
309 and a run-time executable, gnat1, in <filename class="directory">
310 /usr/libexec/&lt;arch-triplet&gt;/&gcc-version;</filename>
311 </seg>
312 <seg>
313 libgnat.{so,a}, libgnarl.{so,a} in <filename class="directory">
314 /usr/lib/gcc/&lt;arch-triplet&gt;/&gcc-version;/adalib</filename>
315 </seg>
316 <seg>
317 /usr/lib/gcc/&lt;arch-triplet&gt;/&gcc-version;/ada{include,lib}
318 </seg>
319 </seglistitem>
320 </segmentedlist>
321
322 <para>Only the Ada specific files are listed here. Others can be found at
323 <ulink url="&lfs-root;/chapter06/gcc.html#contents-gcc"/> as they were
324 initially installed during the building of LFS.</para>
325
326 <variablelist>
327 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
328 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
329 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
330
331 <varlistentry id="gnat">
332 <term><command>gnat</command></term>
333 <listitem>
334 <para>is a wrapper that accepts a number of commands and calls
335 the corresponding tool from the list below.</para>
336 <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnat">
337 <primary sortas="b-gnat">gnat</primary>
338 </indexterm>
339 </listitem>
340 </varlistentry>
341
342 <varlistentry id="gnatbind">
343 <term><command>gnatbind</command></term>
344 <listitem>
345 <para>is used to bind compiled objects.</para>
346 <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatbind">
347 <primary sortas="b-gnatbind">gnatbind</primary>
348 </indexterm>
349 </listitem>
350 </varlistentry>
351
352 <varlistentry id="gnatchop">
353 <term><command>gnatchop</command></term>
354 <listitem>
355 <para>is useful for renaming files to meet the standard
356 <application>Ada</application> default file naming conventions.</para>
357 <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatchop">
358 <primary sortas="b-gnatchop">gnatchop</primary>
359 </indexterm>
360 </listitem>
361 </varlistentry>
362
363 <varlistentry id="gnatclean">
364 <term><command>gnatclean</command></term>
365 <listitem>
366 <para>is used to remove files associated with a
367 <application>GNAT</application> project.</para>
368 <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatclean">
369 <primary sortas="b-gnatclean">gnatclean</primary>
370 </indexterm>
371 </listitem>
372 </varlistentry>
373
374 <varlistentry id="gnatfind">
375 <term><command>gnatfind</command></term>
376 <listitem>
377 <para> is intended for locating definition and/or references to
378 specified entities in a <application>GNAT</application> project.</para>
379 <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatfind">
380 <primary sortas="b-gnatfind">gnatfind</primary>
381 </indexterm>
382 </listitem>
383 </varlistentry>
384
385 <varlistentry id="gnatkr">
386 <term><command>gnatkr</command></term>
387 <listitem>
388 <para>is used to determine the crunched name for a given file, when
389 crunched to a specified maximum length.</para>
390 <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatkr">
391 <primary sortas="b-gnatkr">gnatkr</primary>
392 </indexterm>
393 </listitem>
394 </varlistentry>
395
396 <varlistentry id="gnatlink">
397 <term><command>gnatlink</command></term>
398 <listitem>
399 <para>is used to link programs and build an executable file.</para>
400 <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatlink">
401 <primary sortas="b-gnatlink">gnatlink</primary>
402 </indexterm>
403 </listitem>
404 </varlistentry>
405
406 <varlistentry id="gnatls">
407 <term><command>gnatls</command></term>
408 <listitem>
409 <para>is the compiled unit browser.</para>
410 <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatls">
411 <primary sortas="b-gnatls">gnatls</primary>
412 </indexterm>
413 </listitem>
414 </varlistentry>
415
416 <varlistentry id="gnatmake">
417 <term><command>gnatmake</command></term>
418 <listitem>
419 <para>is the <application>Ada</application> compiler, which performs
420 compilaton, binding and linking.</para>
421 <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatmake">
422 <primary sortas="b-gnatmake">gnatmake</primary>
423 </indexterm>
424 </listitem>
425 </varlistentry>
426
427 <varlistentry id="gnatname">
428 <term><command>gnatname</command></term>
429 <listitem>
430 <para>will list the files associated with a
431 <application>GNAT</application> project.</para>
432 <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatname">
433 <primary sortas="b-gnatname">gnatname</primary>
434 </indexterm>
435 </listitem>
436 </varlistentry>
437
438 <varlistentry id="gnatprep">
439 <term><command>gnatprep</command></term>
440 <listitem>
441 <para>is the <application>GNAT</application> external
442 preprocessor.</para>
443 <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatprep">
444 <primary sortas="b-gnatprep">gnatprep</primary>
445 </indexterm>
446 </listitem>
447 </varlistentry>
448
449 <varlistentry id="gnatxref">
450 <term><command>gnatxref</command></term>
451 <listitem>
452 <para>is similar to <command>gnatfind</command>, but generates
453 a full report of all cross-references.</para>
454 <indexterm zone="gcc-ada gnatxref">
455 <primary sortas="b-gnatxref">gnatxref</primary>
456 </indexterm>
457 </listitem>
458 </varlistentry>
459
460 </variablelist>
461
462 </sect2>
463
464</sect1>
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