source: general/prog/gcc.xml@ 5f0bab7

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
   "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
  %general-entities;

  <!ENTITY gcc-download-http  "http://mirrors.rcn.net/pub/sourceware/gcc/releases/gcc-&gcc-version;/gcc-&gcc-version;.tar.bz2">
  <!ENTITY gcc-download-ftp   "ftp://mirrors.rcn.net/pub/sourceware/gcc/releases/gcc-&gcc-version;/gcc-&gcc-version;.tar.bz2">
  <!ENTITY gcc-md5sum         "e744b30c834360fccac41eb7269a3011">
  <!ENTITY gcc-size           "27.4 MB">
  <!ENTITY gcc-buildsize      "1.62 GB">
  <!ENTITY gcc-time           "45.50 SBU (build and install all compilers)">

  <!ENTITY gnat-download-http " ">
  <!ENTITY gnat-download-ftp  "ftp://cs.nyu.edu/pub/gnat/3.15p/gnat-3.15p-i686-pc-redhat71-gnu-bin.tar.gz">
  <!ENTITY gnat-md5sum        "57c060cd1ccef8b1ae9165b11d98780a">
  <!ENTITY gnat-size          "13.4 MB">
  <!ENTITY gnat-time          "0.01 SBU">

  <!ENTITY gcc-testsuite-url    "http://mirrors.rcn.net/pub/sourceware/gcc/releases/gcc-&gcc-version;/gcc-testsuite-&gcc-version;.tar.bz2">
  <!ENTITY gcc-testsuite-md5sum "b4fff6ce0a038021b9e507917abb9a07">
]>

<sect1 id="gcc" xreflabel="GCC-&gcc-version;">
<sect1info>
<othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
<date>$Date$</date>
</sect1info>
<?dbhtml filename="gcc.html" ?>
<title>GCC-&gcc-version;</title>
<indexterm zone="gcc">
<primary sortas="a-gcc-3-4">GCC-&gcc-version;</primary></indexterm>

<sect2>
<title>Introduction to <application><acronym>GCC</acronym></application></title>

<para>The <application><acronym>GCC</acronym></application> package contains 
<acronym>GNU</acronym> compilers. This is useful for compiling programs 
written in <application>C</application>, <application>C++</application>, 
<application>Fortran</application>, <application>Java</application>, 
<application>Objective C</application> and 
<application>Ada</application>.</para>

<sect3><title>Package Information</title>
<itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
<listitem><para>Download (HTTP): <ulink
url="&gcc-download-http;"/></para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Download (FTP): <ulink
url="&gcc-download-ftp;"/></para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Download MD5 sum: &gcc-md5sum;</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Download size: &gcc-size;</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Estimated disk space required:
&gcc-buildsize;</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Estimated build time:
&gcc-time;</para></listitem></itemizedlist>
</sect3>

<sect3><title>Additional Downloads</title>
<itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
<listitem><para>Required patch: <ulink 
url="&patch-root;/gcc-&gcc-version;-no_fixincludes-1.patch"/></para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Required patch: <ulink 
url="&patch-root;/gcc-&gcc-version;-linkonce-1.patch"/></para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Test suite: <ulink url="&gcc-testsuite-url;"/></para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Test suite MD5 sum: &gcc-testsuite-md5sum;</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist></sect3>

<sect3><title><application><acronym>GCC</acronym></application> 
Dependencies</title>
<sect4><title>Recommended</title>
<itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
<listitem><para><xref linkend="dejagnu"/></para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect4>
</sect3>

</sect2>

<sect2>
<title>Installation of <application><acronym>GCC</acronym></application></title>

<para>If you plan to compile Ada, you will need to install
<application><acronym>GNAT</acronym></application> temporarily to
satisfy the circular dependency when you recompile
<application><acronym>GCC</acronym></application> to include
<application>Ada</application>.</para>

<sect3><title>Package information</title>
<itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
<listitem><para>Download (HTTP): <ulink
url="&gnat-download-http;"/></para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Download (FTP): <ulink
url="&gnat-download-ftp;"/></para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Download MD5 sum: &gnat-md5sum;</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Download size: &gnat-size;</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Estimated build time:
&gnat-time;</para></listitem></itemizedlist>
</sect3>

<sect3><title><application><acronym>GNAT</acronym></application> 
dependencies</title>
<sect4><title>Required</title>
<para><xref linkend="tcsh"/></para>
</sect4>
</sect3>

</sect2>

<sect2>
<title>Installation of <application><acronym>GNAT</acronym></application>
</title>

<para>Install <application><acronym>GNAT</acronym></application> by running 
the following commands:</para>

<screen><userinput><command>./doconfig</command></userinput></screen>

<para>The above script will ask you how and where you would like to install
<application><acronym>GNAT</acronym></application>. To avoid conflicts with 
the system <command>gcc</command>, the package will be installed in a separate 
directory, that can later be removed from the system.</para>

<para>In response to the questions asked by the <command>doconfig</command> 
script, enter <userinput>3</userinput> in response to the first question
and <userinput>/opt/gnat</userinput> in response to the second question.</para>

<para>To finish the install, run the following command as the root user:</para>

<screen><userinput role='root'><command>./doinstall</command></userinput></screen>

<para>The <application><acronym>GNAT</acronym></application> compiler can be 
invoked by executing the <command>gcc</command> binary installed by the above 
script.</para>

<para>You may now remove the <application><acronym>GNAT</acronym></application> 
source directory:</para>

<screen><userinput><command>cd .. &amp;&amp;
rm -rf gnat-3.15p-i686-pc-linux-gnu-bin</command></userinput></screen>

<para>Prepare to compile <application>GCC</application> by placing the 
<application>GNAT</application> <command>gcc</command> at the beginning of 
the <envar>PATH</envar> variable by using the following commands:</para>

<screen><userinput><command>PATH_HOLD=$PATH &amp;&amp;
export PATH=/opt/gnat/bin:$PATH</command></userinput></screen>

</sect2>

<sect2><title>Return to Installation of 
<application><acronym>GCC</acronym></application></title>

<para>Install <application><acronym>GCC</acronym></application> by running the 
following commands:</para>

<important><para>The installation process may overwrite your existing 
<application><acronym>GCC</acronym></application> compiler and libraries. It 
is highly recommended that you have the <application>Tcl</application>, 
<application>Expect</application> and <application>DejaGnu</application> 
packages installed, as well as unpacking the 
<application><acronym>GCC</acronym></application> testsuite tarball before 
beginning the build.</para>

<para>Do not continue with the <command>make install</command> command until 
you're confident the build was successful. You can compare your test results 
with those found at <ulink 
url="http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-testresults/"/>. There's also an i686 platform 
test result produced by an <acronym>LFS</acronym>-SVN-20050316 system at 
<ulink url="http://linuxfromscratch.org/~randy/gcc343_test.txt"/>. You 
may also want to refer to the information found in the 
<application><acronym>GCC</acronym></application>-Pass 2 section of Chapter 5 
in the <acronym>LFS</acronym> book 
(<ulink url="&lfs-root;/chapter05/gcc-pass2.html"/>).</para></important>

<note><para>Some of the <application>Java</application> programs installed by 
the <application><acronym>GCC</acronym></application> package conflict (have 
the same names) with programs from the <xref linkend="jdk"/> package. If 
you're installing the <application>Java</application> language from the 
<application><acronym>GCC</acronym></application> package but you wish to 
use the programs from the <application>JDK</application> as the defaults, 
ensure <filename class='directory'>$JAVA_HOME/bin</filename> is listed before 
<filename class='directory'>/usr/bin</filename> in your <envar>PATH</envar> 
variable after the <application><acronym>GCC</acronym></application> 
installation is complete.</para></note>

<screen><userinput><command>patch -Np1 -i ../gcc-&gcc-version;-no_fixincludes-1.patch &amp;&amp;
patch -Np1 -i ../gcc-&gcc-version;-linkonce-1.patch &amp;&amp;
sed -i 's/install_to_$(INSTALL_DEST) //' libiberty/Makefile.in &amp;&amp;
mkdir ../gcc-build &amp;&amp;
cd ../gcc-build &amp;&amp;
../gcc-&gcc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr --libexecdir=/usr/lib \
    --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --enable-__cxa_atexit \
    --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-languages=c,c++,objc,f77,ada,java &amp;&amp;
make bootstrap &amp;&amp;
make -C gcc gnatlib-shared &amp;&amp;
make -C gcc gnattools &amp;&amp;
make -k check &amp;&amp;
../gcc-&gcc-version;/contrib/test_summary</command></userinput></screen>

<para>Now, as the root user:</para>

<screen><userinput role='root'><command>make install &amp;&amp;
ln -v -sf ../usr/bin/cpp /lib &amp;&amp;
ln -v -sf gcc /usr/bin/cc &amp;&amp;
ln -v -sf g77 /usr/bin/f77 &amp;&amp;
chown -v -R root:root \
    /usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include &amp;&amp;
chown -v -R root:root \
    /usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/ada{lib,include}</command></userinput></screen>

<para>There is a bug in the installation of the 
<filename class='libraryfile'>libffi</filename> interface headers. The 
architecture specific <filename>ffitarget.h</filename> file is not installed.
If you included Java as one of the installed languages, install the missing 
file using the command below. Substitute for the 
<replaceable>[arch]</replaceable> in the command with the appropriate 
directory path for your system.</para>

<screen><userinput role='root'><command>install -v -m644 libffi/src/<replaceable>[arch]</replaceable>/ffitarget.h \
    /usr/include</command></userinput></screen>

<para>As the root user, remove the 
<application><acronym>GNAT</acronym></application> installation:</para>

<screen><userinput role='root'><command>rm -rf /opt/gnat</command></userinput></screen>

<para>Now, as the unprivileged user, restore your old 
<envar>PATH</envar>:</para>

<screen><userinput><command>export PATH=$PATH_HOLD &amp;&amp;
unset PATH_HOLD</command></userinput></screen>

</sect2>

<sect2>
<title>Command explanations</title>

<para><command>sed -i 's/install_to_$(INSTALL_DEST) //' 
libiberty/Makefile.in</command>: This command suppresses the installation of 
<filename class='libraryfile'>libiberty.a</filename> as the version provided 
by <application>Binutils</application> is used instead.</para>

<para><command>mkdir ../gcc-build; cd ../gcc-build</command>: The 
<application><acronym>GCC</acronym></application> documentation recommends 
building the package in a dedicated build directory.</para>

<para><parameter>--enable-shared --enable-threads=posix
--enable-__cxa_atexit</parameter>: These commands are required to build
the <application>C++</application> libraries to published standards.</para>

<para><parameter>--enable-clocale=gnu</parameter>: This command is a
failsafe for incomplete locale data.</para>

<para><parameter>--enable-languages=c,c++,objc,f77,ada,java</parameter>: 
This command identifies which languages to build. You may modify this command 
to remove undesired languages.</para>

<para><command>make -C gcc gnatlib-shared</command>: This command builds the 
Ada shared and static libraries. Skip this step if you have not enabled 
<application>Ada</application> as one of the languages.</para>

<para><command>make -C gcc gnattools</command>: This command builds the 
Ada development tools and binaries. Skip this step if you have not enabled 
<application>Ada</application> as one of the languages.</para>

<para><command>make -k check</command>: This command runs the test suite 
without stopping should any errors be encountered.</para>

<para><command>../gcc-&gcc-version;/contrib/test_summary</command>: This 
command will produce a summary of the test suite results. You can append 
<command>| grep -A7 Summ</command> to the command to produce an even more
condensed version of the summary. You may also wish to redirect the output to 
a file for review and comparison later on.</para>

<para><command>ln -sf ../usr/bin/cpp /lib</command>: This command creates a 
link to the C PreProcessor as some packages expect it to be installed in the 
<filename class='directory'>/lib</filename> directory.</para>

<para><command>ln -sf gcc /usr/bin/cc; ln -sf g77 /usr/bin/f77</command>: 
These links are created as some packages refer to the C and Fortran compilers 
using an alternate name.</para> 

<para><command>chown -R root:root /usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/...</command>: 
If the package is built by a user other than root, the ownership of the 
installed <filename class='directory'>include</filename> and 
<filename class='directory'>adalib</filename> directories (and their 
contents) will be incorrect. These commands change the ownership to 
root:root. Omit the command changing the Ada directories if you did not 
include Ada as one of the installed languages.</para>

</sect2>

<sect2>
<title>Contents</title>

<segmentedlist>
<segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
<segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
<segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>

<seglistitem>
<seg>addr2name.awk, cc, c++, cpp, f77, g++, g77, gcc, gccbug, gcj, gcjh, gcov, 
gij, gnat, gnatbind, gnatbl, gnatchop, gnatclean, gnatfind, gnatkr, gnatlink, 
gnatls, gnatmake, gnatname, gnatprep, gnatxref, gpr2make, gprcmd, grepjar, 
jar, jcf-dump, jv-convert, jv-scan, rmic, rmiregistry and architecture 
specific names for c++, g++, gcc, gcc-&gcc-version;, gcj and gcjh</seg>
<seg>lib-org-w3c-dom.[so,a], lib-org-xml-sax.[so,a], libffi-2.00-beta.so, 
libffi.[so,a], libfrtbegin.a, libg2c.[so,a], libgcc_s.so, libgcj.[so,a], 
libobjc.[so,a], libstdc++.[so.6,a], libsupc++.a and numerous other run-time 
libraries and executables in /usr/lib/gcc</seg>
<seg>/usr/include/c++, /usr/include/gcj, /usr/include/gnu, /usr/include/java, 
/usr/include/javax, /usr/lib/gcc, /usr/lib/security, /usr/share/gnat and 
/usr/share/java</seg>
</seglistitem>
</segmentedlist>

<variablelist>
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>

<para>Some program and library descriptions are not listed here, but can be 
found at <ulink url="&lfs-root;/chapter06/gcc.html#contents-gcc"/>.</para>

<varlistentry id="addr2name.awk">
<term><command>addr2name.awk</command></term>
<listitem><para> emulates some of the functionality of addr2line.</para>
<indexterm zone="gcc addr2name.awk">
<primary sortas="b-addr2name.awk">addr2name.awk</primary>
</indexterm></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="f77">
<term><command>f77</command></term>
<listitem><para>is a symlink to <command>g77</command>, created for 
compatibility purposes.</para>
<indexterm zone="gcc f77">
<primary sortas="g-f77">f77</primary>
</indexterm></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="g77">
<term><command>g77</command></term>
<listitem><para>is the <application>Fortran</application> compiler invoked by 
<command>gcc</command>.</para>
<indexterm zone="gcc g77">
<primary sortas="b-g77">g77</primary>
</indexterm></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="gcj">
<term><command>gcj</command></term>
<listitem><para>is an ahead-of-time compiler for the 
<application>Java</application> language.</para>
<indexterm zone="gcc gcj">
<primary sortas="b-gcj">gcj</primary>
</indexterm></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="gcjh">
<term><command>gcjh</command></term>
<listitem><para>generates header files from <application>Java</application> 
class files.</para>
<indexterm zone="gcc gcjh">
<primary sortas="b-gcjh">gcjh</primary>
</indexterm></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="gij">
<term><command>gij</command></term>
<listitem><para>is the <acronym>GNU</acronym> interpreter for
<application>Java</application> bytecode.</para>
<indexterm zone="gcc gij">
<primary sortas="b-gij">gij</primary>
</indexterm></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="gnat">
<term><command>gnat</command></term>
<listitem><para>is the <application>Ada</application> compiler invoked by 
<command>gcc</command>.</para>
<indexterm zone="gcc gnat">
<primary sortas="b-gnat">gnat</primary>
</indexterm></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="gnatbind">
<term><command>gnatbind</command></term>
<listitem><para>is used to bind compiled objects.</para>
<indexterm zone="gcc gnatbind">
<primary sortas="b-gnatbind">gnatbind</primary>
</indexterm></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="gnatbl">
<term><command>gnatbl</command></term>
<listitem><para>is the <application>Ada</application> linker.</para>
<indexterm zone="gcc gnatbl">
<primary sortas="b-gnatbl">gnatbl</primary>
</indexterm></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="gnatchop">
<term><command>gnatchop</command></term>
<listitem><para> is useful for renaming files to meet the standard 
<application>Ada</application> default file naming conventions.</para>
<indexterm zone="gcc gnatchop">
<primary sortas="b-gnatchop">gnatchop</primary>
</indexterm></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="gnatclean">
<term><command>gnatclean</command></term>
<listitem><para>is used to remove files associated with a 
<application><acronym>GNAT</acronym></application> project.</para>
<indexterm zone="gcc gnatclean">
<primary sortas="b-gnatclean">gnatclean</primary>
</indexterm></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="gnatfind">
<term><command>gnatfind</command></term>
<listitem><para> is the <application><acronym>GNAT</acronym></application> 
definition/use finder.</para>
<indexterm zone="gcc gnatfind">
<primary sortas="b-gnatfind">gnatfind</primary>
</indexterm></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="gnatkr">
<term><command>gnatkr</command></term>
<listitem><para>is used to determine the crunched name for a given file, when 
crunched to a specified maximum length.</para>
<indexterm zone="gcc gnatkr">
<primary sortas="b-gnatkr">gnatkr</primary>
</indexterm></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="gnatlink">
<term><command>gnatlink</command></term>
<listitem><para>is used to link programs and build an executable file.</para>
<indexterm zone="gcc gnatlink">
<primary sortas="b-gnatlink">gnatlink</primary>
</indexterm></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="gnatls">
<term><command>gnatls</command></term>
<listitem><para>is the compiled unit browser.</para>
<indexterm zone="gcc gnatls">
<primary sortas="b-gnatls">gnatls</primary>
</indexterm></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="gnatmake">
<term><command>gnatmake</command></term>
<listitem><para>is an automatic <command>make</command> facility.</para>
<indexterm zone="gcc gnatmake">
<primary sortas="b-gnatmake">gnatmake</primary>
</indexterm></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="gnatname">
<term><command>gnatname</command></term>
<listitem><para>will list the files associated with a
<application><acronym>GNAT</acronym></application> project.</para>
<indexterm zone="gcc gnatname">
<primary sortas="b-gnatname">gnatname</primary>
</indexterm></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="gnatprep">
<term><command>gnatprep</command></term>
<listitem><para>is the <application><acronym>GNAT</acronym></application> 
external preprocessor.</para>
<indexterm zone="gcc gnatprep">
<primary sortas="b-gnatprep">gnatprep</primary>
</indexterm></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="gnatxref">
<term><command>gnatxref</command></term>
<listitem><para>is the <application><acronym>GNAT</acronym></application> 
cross-referencer.</para>
<indexterm zone="gcc gnatxref">
<primary sortas="b-gnatxref">gnatxref</primary>
</indexterm></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="gpr2make">
<term><command>gpr2make</command></term>
<listitem><para>is a tool used to create <filename>Makefile</filename>s that 
support compilation by multiple languages.</para>
<indexterm zone="gcc gpr2make">
<primary sortas="b-gpr2make">gpr2make</primary>
</indexterm></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="gprcmd">
<term><command>gprcmd</command></term>
<listitem><para>is a utility used by <filename>Makefile.generic</filename> to 
handle multi-language builds. It provides a set of commands so that the 
<filename>Makefile</filename>s do not need to depend on Unix utilities not 
available on all targets.</para>
<indexterm zone="gcc gprcmd">
<primary sortas="b-gprcmd">gprcmd</primary>
</indexterm></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="grepjar">
<term><command>grepjar</command></term>
<listitem><para>searches <filename>jar</filename> files for a pattern.</para>
<indexterm zone="gcc grepjar">
<primary sortas="b-grepjar">grepjar</primary>
</indexterm></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="jar-gcc">
<term><command>jar</command></term>
<listitem><para>is an archive tool for <application>Java</application> 
archives.</para>
<indexterm zone="gcc jar-gcc">
<primary sortas="b-jar">jar</primary>
</indexterm></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="jcf-dump">
<term><command>jcf-dump</command></term>
<listitem><para>prints information about <application>Java</application> 
class files.</para>
<indexterm zone="gcc jcf-dump">
<primary sortas="b-jcf-dump">jcf-dump</primary>
</indexterm></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="jv-convert">
<term><command>jv-convert</command></term>
<listitem><para>converts files from one encoding to another.</para>
<indexterm zone="gcc jv-convert">
<primary sortas="b-jv-convert">jv-convert</primary>
</indexterm></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="jv-scan">
<term><command>jv-scan</command></term>
<listitem><para>prints information about <application>Java</application> 
source files.</para>
<indexterm zone="gcc jv-scan">
<primary sortas="b-jv-scan">jv-scan</primary>
</indexterm></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="rmic-gcc">
<term><command>rmic</command></term>
<listitem><para>generates stubs for Remote Method Invocation.</para>
<indexterm zone="gcc rmic-gcc">
<primary sortas="b-rmic">rmic</primary>
</indexterm></listitem>
</varlistentry>

<varlistentry id="rmiregistry-gcc">
<term><command>rmiregistry</command></term>
<listitem><para> starts a remote object registry on the current host.</para>
<indexterm zone="gcc rmiregistry-gcc">
<primary sortas="b-rmiregistry">rmiregistry</primary>
</indexterm></listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>

</sect2>

</sect1>