[52d29f7] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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[6732c094] | 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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[52d29f7] | 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 |
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[8dfc5c3] | 7 | <!ENTITY gcc-download-http "&gnu-http;/gcc/gcc-&gcc-version;/gcc-&gcc-version;.tar.xz">
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| 8 | <!ENTITY gcc-download-ftp "&gnu-ftp;/gcc/gcc-&gcc-version;/gcc-&gcc-version;.tar.xz">
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[b5844a0] | 9 | <!-- Update this also on the grub-uefi page -->
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[0f21ed27] | 10 | <!ENTITY gcc-md5sum "73bafd0af874439dcdb9fc063b6fb069">
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| 11 | <!ENTITY gcc-size "81 MB">
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[7354b9a] | 12 | <!ENTITY gcc-buildsize "10.5 GB (2.4 GB installed with all listed languages; add 1.3 GB for tests)">
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[0f21ed27] | 13 | <!ENTITY gcc-time "32 SBU (add 66 SBU for tests; both with parallelism=4)">
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[52d29f7] | 14 | ]>
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| 15 |
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[58bd309a] | 16 | <sect1 id="gcc" xreflabel="GCC-&gcc-version;">
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[70e3220] | 17 | <?dbhtml filename="gcc.html" ?>
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| 18 |
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| 19 | <sect1info>
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| 20 | <date>$Date$</date>
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| 21 | </sect1info>
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| 22 |
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| 23 | <title>GCC-&gcc-version;</title>
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| 24 |
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| 25 | <indexterm zone="gcc">
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[ae0673a] | 26 | <primary sortas="a-gcc-5-0">GCC-&gcc-version;</primary>
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[70e3220] | 27 | </indexterm>
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| 28 |
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| 29 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 30 | <title>Introduction to GCC</title>
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| 31 |
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[ae0673a] | 32 | <para>
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| 33 | The <application>GCC</application> package contains the GNU Compiler
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| 34 | Collection. This page describes the installation of compilers for the
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[7354b9a] | 35 | following languages: C, C++, Fortran, Objective C, Objective C++, and Go.
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| 36 | Since C and C++ are installed in LFS, this page is either for upgrading
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| 37 | C and C++, or for installing additional compilers.
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[ae0673a] | 38 | </para>
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[5512e64] | 39 |
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[7354b9a] | 40 | <note>
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| 41 | <para>
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| 42 | Additional languages, among which D and ADA, are available in the
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| 43 | collection. D and ADA have a binary bootstrap requirement for the first
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| 44 | installation, so their installation is not described here. To install
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| 45 | them, you can proceed along the same lines as below after installing
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| 46 | the corresponding compiler from a binary package, adding
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| 47 | <option>ada</option> or <option>d</option> to the
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| 48 | <parameter>--enable-languages</parameter> line.
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| 49 | </para>
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| 50 | </note>
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| 51 |
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[b984aaa1] | 52 | &lfs112_checked;
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[625d5fe5] | 53 |
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[636acbb1] | 54 | <caution>
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[ae0673a] | 55 | <para>
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| 56 | If you are upgrading <application>GCC</application> from any other
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| 57 | version prior to &gcc-version;, then you must be careful compiling 3rd
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| 58 | party kernel modules. You should ensure that the kernel and all its
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| 59 | native modules are also compiled using the same version of
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| 60 | <application>GCC</application> that you use to build the 3rd party module.
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| 61 | This issue does not affect native kernel (and kernel modules) updates,
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| 62 | as the instructions below are a complete reinstallation of
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| 63 | <application>GCC</application>. If you have existing 3rd party modules
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| 64 | installed, ensure they are recompiled using the updated version of
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| 65 | <application>GCC</application>. As always, never update the kernel
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| 66 | headers from the ones used when <application>Glibc</application> was
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| 67 | compiled during LFS.
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| 68 | </para>
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| 69 |
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| 70 | <para>
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[e9cab664] | 71 | Some system headers need to be fixed to be used with GCC. This is done
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| 72 | during the installation of GCC, and the <quote>fixed</quote> headers
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| 73 | are installed in <filename class="directory">
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| 74 | /usr/lib/gcc/<machine triplet>/<GCC version>/include-fixed
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| 75 | </filename>. This is harmless if GCC is built during the LFS stage. But
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| 76 | if you reinstall GCC in BLFS, some of the BLFS packages may be
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| 77 | <quote>fixed</quote>. If one of those packages is reinstalled
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| 78 | afterwards, the <quote>fixed</quote> headers are not updated, which may
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| 79 | lead to version mismatches. In case that happens, the
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| 80 | <quote>fixed</quote> headers must be updated by running (as
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| 81 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>):
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| 82 | <command>
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[da8e9f9] | 83 | /usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/install-tools/mkheaders
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[b9c353b] | 84 | </command>. The machine triplet may be different on a 32-bit system.
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[ae0673a] | 85 | </para>
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[636acbb1] | 86 | </caution>
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| 87 |
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[70e3220] | 88 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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| 89 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 90 | <listitem>
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[ae0673a] | 91 | <para>
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| 92 | Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&gcc-download-http;"/>
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| 93 | </para>
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[70e3220] | 94 | </listitem>
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| 95 | <listitem>
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[ae0673a] | 96 | <para>
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| 97 | Download (FTP): <ulink url="&gcc-download-ftp;"/>
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| 98 | </para>
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[70e3220] | 99 | </listitem>
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| 100 | <listitem>
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[ae0673a] | 101 | <para>
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| 102 | Download MD5 sum: &gcc-md5sum;
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| 103 | </para>
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[70e3220] | 104 | </listitem>
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| 105 | <listitem>
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[ae0673a] | 106 | <para>
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| 107 | Download size: &gcc-size;
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| 108 | </para>
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[70e3220] | 109 | </listitem>
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| 110 | <listitem>
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[ae0673a] | 111 | <para>
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| 112 | Estimated disk space required: &gcc-buildsize;
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| 113 | </para>
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[70e3220] | 114 | </listitem>
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| 115 | <listitem>
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[ae0673a] | 116 | <para>
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| 117 | Estimated build time: &gcc-time;
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| 118 | </para>
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[70e3220] | 119 | </listitem>
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| 120 | </itemizedlist>
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[0f21ed27] | 121 | <!--
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[12ab2eb] | 122 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
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| 123 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 124 | <listitem>
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| 125 | <para>
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| 126 | Required patch for building against glibc-2.36:
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| 127 | <ulink url="&patch-root;/gcc-&gcc-version;-glibc_2.36-1.patch"/>
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| 128 | </para>
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| 129 | </listitem>
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| 130 | </itemizedlist>
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[0f21ed27] | 131 | -->
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[70e3220] | 132 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">GCC Dependencies</bridgehead>
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[7354b9a] | 133 |
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[a7e88c5c] | 134 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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| 135 | <para role="optional">
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[1a8a995] | 136 | <xref linkend="gdb"/>,
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| 137 | <xref linkend="valgrind"/> (for tests), and
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| 138 | <ulink url="https://repo.or.cz/isl.git">ISL</ulink> (to enable graphite optimization)
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[a7e88c5c] | 139 | </para>
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[8558044] | 140 |
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[ae0673a] | 141 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">
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| 142 | User Notes: <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/gcc"/>
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| 143 | </para>
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[1039de3] | 144 |
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[70e3220] | 145 | </sect2>
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[034eda7] | 146 |
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[70e3220] | 147 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 148 | <title>Installation of GCC</title>
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| 149 |
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| 150 | <important>
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[ae0673a] | 151 | <para>
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| 152 | Even if you specify only languages other than C and C++ to the
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| 153 | <command>./configure</command> command below, the
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| 154 | installation process will overwrite your existing
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| 155 | <application>GCC</application> C and C++ compilers and libraries.
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[3026cde] | 156 | Running the full suite of tests is recommended.
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[ae0673a] | 157 | </para>
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| 158 |
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| 159 | <para>
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| 160 | Do not continue with the <command>make install</command> command
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| 161 | until you are confident the build was successful. You can compare your
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| 162 | test results with those found at <ulink
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[579bdb04] | 163 | url="https://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-testresults/"/>. You may also want to
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[ae0673a] | 164 | refer to the information found in the <application>GCC</application>
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[f0dc9578] | 165 | section of Chapter 8 in the LFS book (<ulink
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| 166 | url="&lfs-root;/chapter08/gcc.html"/>).
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[ae0673a] | 167 | </para>
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[70e3220] | 168 | </important>
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| 169 |
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[ae0673a] | 170 | <para>
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| 171 | The instructions below are intentionally performing a
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| 172 | <quote>bootstrap</quote> process. Bootstrapping is needed for robustness
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| 173 | and is highly recommended when upgrading the compilers version. To disable
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[0c953f12] | 174 | bootstrap anyway, add <parameter>--disable-bootstrap</parameter> to the
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[ae0673a] | 175 | <command>./configure</command> options below.
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| 176 | </para>
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[0f21ed27] | 177 | <!--
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[12ab2eb] | 178 | <para>
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| 179 | First fix a problem with glibc-2.36:
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| 180 | </para>
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| 181 |
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| 182 | <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../gcc-&gcc-version;-glibc_2.36-1.patch</userinput></screen>
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[0f21ed27] | 183 | -->
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[ae0673a] | 184 | <para>
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[e6d0be6] | 185 | Install <application>GCC</application> by running the following commands:
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[ae0673a] | 186 | </para>
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| 187 |
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[e6d0be6] | 188 | <screen><userinput>case $(uname -m) in
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[92245989] | 189 | x86_64)
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[df0e196] | 190 | sed -i.orig '/m64=/s/lib64/lib/' gcc/config/i386/t-linux64
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[92245989] | 191 | ;;
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| 192 | esac
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| 193 |
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[adbf61f] | 194 | mkdir build &&
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| 195 | cd build &&
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| 196 |
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| 197 | ../configure \
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| 198 | --prefix=/usr \
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| 199 | --disable-multilib \
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| 200 | --with-system-zlib \
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[b89180f] | 201 | --enable-default-pie \
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| 202 | --enable-default-ssp \
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[7354b9a] | 203 | --enable-languages=c,c++,fortran,go,objc,obj-c++ &&
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[7cadfea] | 204 | make</userinput></screen>
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[5512e64] | 205 |
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[ae0673a] | 206 | <para>
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| 207 | If you have installed additional packages such as
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| 208 | <application>Valgrind</application> and <application>GDB</application>,
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| 209 | the <application>GCC</application> part of the testsuite will run more
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| 210 | tests than in LFS. Some of those will report FAIL and others XPASS
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[b89180f] | 211 | (pass when expected to FAIL). As of gcc-12.2.0, about 60 FAIL occur
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[3b187ea] | 212 | in the <quote>guality</quote> suite, as well as miscellaneous failures
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[b89180f] | 213 | throughout the rest of the test suite, fifteen of which are already
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| 214 | present in the GCC tests of LFS. If all the compilers above are
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| 215 | built, there will be around 80 unexpected failures out of over
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| 216 | 482,000 tests. To run the tests, issue:
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[ae0673a] | 217 | </para>
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[d3757f1c] | 218 |
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[7cadfea] | 219 | <screen><userinput>ulimit -s 32768 &&
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[b10cfc81] | 220 | make -k check</userinput></screen>
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| 221 | <!-- The command above may error out, so using && may prevent the summary
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| 222 | to be run. -->
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| 223 |
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[ae0673a] | 224 | <para>
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| 225 | The tests are very long, and the results may be hard to find in the
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| 226 | logs, specially if you use parallel jobs with make. You can get a summary
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| 227 | of the tests with:
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| 228 | </para>
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[5512e64] | 229 |
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[0e64979] | 230 | <screen><userinput>../contrib/test_summary</userinput></screen>
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[8c9ec303] | 231 |
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[ae0673a] | 232 | <para>
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| 233 | Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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| 234 | </para>
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[8c9ec303] | 235 |
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[70e3220] | 236 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install &&
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[5512e64] | 237 |
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[7cadfea] | 238 | mkdir -pv /usr/share/gdb/auto-load/usr/lib &&
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| 239 | mv -v /usr/lib/*gdb.py /usr/share/gdb/auto-load/usr/lib &&
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| 240 |
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[38485e5c] | 241 | chown -v -R root:root \
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[7354b9a] | 242 | /usr/lib/gcc/*linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include{,-fixed}</userinput></screen>
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[f182eed] | 243 |
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[ae0673a] | 244 | <para>
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| 245 | Some packages expect to find the C preprocessor in
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| 246 | <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> or may refer to the C compiler
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| 247 | under the name <command>cc</command>. The following symbolic links are not
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| 248 | needed if you have followed the LFS instructions, since they
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| 249 | have been already created. If you do not have them on your system, issue
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| 250 | as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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| 251 | </para>
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[70e3220] | 252 |
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[ae0673a] | 253 | <screen role="root"><userinput>ln -v -sf ../usr/bin/cpp /lib &&
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| 254 | ln -v -sf gcc /usr/bin/cc &&
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| 255 | install -v -dm755 /usr/lib/bfd-plugins &&
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| 256 | ln -sfv ../../libexec/gcc/$(gcc -dumpmachine)/&gcc-version;/liblto_plugin.so /usr/lib/bfd-plugins/</userinput></screen>
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[034eda7] | 257 |
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[70e3220] | 258 | </sect2>
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| 259 |
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| 260 | <sect2 role="commands">
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| 261 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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[8ddc247] | 262 |
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[2d488eb] | 263 | <para>
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[0e64979] | 264 | <command>mkdir build; cd build</command>: The
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[2d488eb] | 265 | <application>GCC</application> documentation recommends
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| 266 | building the package in a dedicated build directory.
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| 267 | </para>
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[70e3220] | 268 |
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[2d488eb] | 269 | <para>
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| 270 | <parameter>--disable-multilib</parameter>: This parameter ensures
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| 271 | that files are created for the specific architecture of your computer.
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| 272 | </para>
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[7cadfea] | 273 |
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[2d488eb] | 274 | <para>
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[fa200b8] | 275 | <parameter>--with-system-zlib</parameter>: Uses the system
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[2d488eb] | 276 | <application>zlib</application> instead of the bundled one.
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| 277 | <application>zlib</application> is used for compressing
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[b89180f] | 278 | and decompressing <application>GCC</application>'s intermediate
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[2d488eb] | 279 | language in LTO (Link Time Optimization) object files.
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| 280 | </para>
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[034eda7] | 281 |
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[b89180f] | 282 | <para>
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| 283 | <parameter>--enable-default-pie</parameter>: Makes the
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| 284 | <option>-fpie</option> option the default when compiling programs.
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| 285 | Together with the <xref linkend="gASLR"/> feature enabled in the kernel,
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| 286 | this defeats some kind of attacks based on known memory layouts.
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| 287 | </para>
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| 288 |
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| 289 | <para>
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| 290 | <parameter>--enable-default-ssp</parameter>: Makes the
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| 291 | <option>-fstack-protector-strong</option> option the default when
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| 292 | compiling programs. <xref linkend="gSSP"/> is a technique preventing
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| 293 | alteration of the program flow by corrupting the parameter stack.
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| 294 | </para>
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| 295 |
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[800c9c3] | 296 | <para>
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[7354b9a] | 297 | <parameter>--enable-languages=c,c++,fortran,go,objc,obj-c++</parameter>:
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[2d488eb] | 298 | This command identifies which languages to build. You may modify
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[7354b9a] | 299 | this command to remove undesired languages. Other languages can be
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| 300 | added, including ADA, D, BRIG (add
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[3d9141c] | 301 | <parameter>brig</parameter> to the list of enabled languages), a binary
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[9562b375] | 302 | format for HSAIL (Heterogeneous System Architecture Intermediate
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[3d9141c] | 303 | Language), and JIT (add <parameter>jit</parameter> to the list of enabled
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[0f18e26] | 304 | languages), a library which can be linked into interpreters that want to
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| 305 | generate machine code <quote>on the fly</quote> at run-time. They have not
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| 306 | been tested by the BLFS developers.
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[2d488eb] | 307 | </para>
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[ae0673a] | 308 |
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[2d488eb] | 309 | <para>
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| 310 | <command>ulimit -s 32768</command>: This command prevents several
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| 311 | tests from running out of stack space.
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| 312 | </para>
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| 313 |
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| 314 | <para>
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| 315 | <command>make -k check</command>: This command runs the test suite
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| 316 | without stopping if any errors are encountered.
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| 317 | </para>
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| 318 |
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| 319 | <para>
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[9562b375] | 320 | <command>../contrib/test_summary</command>: This command will produce
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| 321 | a summary of the test suite results. You can append <command>| grep
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| 322 | -A7 Summ</command> to the command to produce an even more condensed
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| 323 | version of the summary. You may also wish to redirect the output
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[2d488eb] | 324 | to a file for review and comparison later on.
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| 325 | </para>
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| 326 |
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| 327 | <para>
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| 328 | <command>mv -v /usr/lib/*gdb.py ...</command>: The installation
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| 329 | stage puts some files used by <application>gdb</application> under the
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| 330 | <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> directory. This generates
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| 331 | spurious error messages when performing <command>ldconfig</command>. This
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| 332 | command moves the files to another location.
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| 333 | </para>
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| 334 |
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| 335 | <para>
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| 336 | <command>chown -v -R root:root /usr/lib/gcc/*linux-gnu/...</command>:
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| 337 | If the package is built by a user other than root, the ownership of the
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| 338 | installed <filename class="directory">include</filename> directory (and
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| 339 | its content) will be incorrect. This command changes the ownership to the
|
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| 340 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user and group.
|
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| 341 | </para>
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[034eda7] | 342 |
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[70e3220] | 343 | </sect2>
|
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| 344 |
|
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| 345 | <sect2 role="content">
|
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| 346 | <title>Contents</title>
|
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| 347 |
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[ae0673a] | 348 | <para>
|
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| 349 | Some program and library names and descriptions are not listed here,
|
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| 350 | but can be found at
|
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[9771f84] | 351 | <ulink url="&lfs-root;/chapter08/gcc.html#contents-gcc">LFS section
|
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| 352 | for GCC</ulink> as they were
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[ae0673a] | 353 | initially installed during the building of LFS.
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| 354 | </para>
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[2d488eb] | 355 |
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[70e3220] | 356 | <segmentedlist>
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| 357 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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| 358 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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| 359 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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| 360 |
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| 361 | <seglistitem>
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[7cadfea] | 362 | <seg>
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[7354b9a] | 363 | gccgo, gfortran, go, and gofmt, hard-linked to architecture
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[adbf61f] | 364 | specific names
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[7cadfea] | 365 | </seg>
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| 366 | <seg>
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[d7d743f0] | 367 | libgfortran.{so,a},
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[9562b375] | 368 | libgo.{so,a}, libgobegin.a, libgolibbegin.a,
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[d7d743f0] | 369 | libobjc.{so,a}, and numerous other run-time libraries and executables
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[7cadfea] | 370 | </seg>
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| 371 | <seg>
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[d5e9aa8] | 372 | /usr/lib/go
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[7cadfea] | 373 | </seg>
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[70e3220] | 374 | </seglistitem>
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| 375 | </segmentedlist>
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| 376 |
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| 377 | <variablelist>
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| 378 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
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| 379 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
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| 380 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
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| 381 |
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[034eda7] | 382 | <varlistentry id="gccgo">
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| 383 | <term><command>gccgo</command></term>
|
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| 384 | <listitem>
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[ae0673a] | 385 | <para>
|
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[5b55f9b3] | 386 | is a GCC-based compiler for the <application>Go</application>
|
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[4c24eb0a] | 387 | language
|
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[ae0673a] | 388 | </para>
|
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[034eda7] | 389 | <indexterm zone="gcc gccgo">
|
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| 390 | <primary sortas="b-gccgo">gccgo</primary>
|
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[70e3220] | 391 | </indexterm>
|
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| 392 | </listitem>
|
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| 393 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 394 |
|
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[87532434] | 395 | <varlistentry id="go">
|
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| 396 | <term><command>go</command></term>
|
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| 397 | <listitem>
|
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| 398 | <para>
|
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[4c24eb0a] | 399 | is a tool for managing <application>Go</application> source code
|
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[87532434] | 400 | </para>
|
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| 401 | <indexterm zone="gcc go">
|
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| 402 | <primary sortas="b-go">go</primary>
|
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| 403 | </indexterm>
|
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| 404 | </listitem>
|
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| 405 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 406 |
|
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| 407 | <varlistentry id="gofmt">
|
---|
| 408 | <term><command>gofmt</command></term>
|
---|
| 409 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 410 | <para>
|
---|
[4c24eb0a] | 411 | is a tool for formatting <application>Go</application> source code
|
---|
[87532434] | 412 | </para>
|
---|
| 413 | <indexterm zone="gcc gofmt">
|
---|
| 414 | <primary sortas="b-gofmt">gofmt</primary>
|
---|
| 415 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 416 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 417 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
[7354b9a] | 418 | <!--
|
---|
[adbf61f] | 419 | <varlistentry id="gdc">
|
---|
| 420 | <term><command>gdc</command></term>
|
---|
| 421 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 422 | <para>
|
---|
| 423 | is a GCC-based compiler for the <application>D</application>
|
---|
[4c24eb0a] | 424 | language
|
---|
[adbf61f] | 425 | </para>
|
---|
| 426 | <indexterm zone="gcc gdc">
|
---|
| 427 | <primary sortas="b-gdc">gdc</primary>
|
---|
| 428 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 429 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 430 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
[7354b9a] | 431 | -->
|
---|
[800c9c3] | 432 | <varlistentry id="gfortran">
|
---|
| 433 | <term><command>gfortran</command></term>
|
---|
| 434 | <listitem>
|
---|
[ae0673a] | 435 | <para>
|
---|
| 436 | is a GCC-based compiler for the <application>Fortran</application>
|
---|
[4c24eb0a] | 437 | language
|
---|
[ae0673a] | 438 | </para>
|
---|
[800c9c3] | 439 | <indexterm zone="gcc gfortran">
|
---|
| 440 | <primary sortas="b-gfortran">gfortran</primary>
|
---|
| 441 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 442 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 443 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 444 |
|
---|
[70e3220] | 445 | </variablelist>
|
---|
| 446 |
|
---|
| 447 | </sect2>
|
---|
[1a686a1] | 448 |
|
---|
| 449 | </sect1>
|
---|