[52d29f7] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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[6732c094] | 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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[52d29f7] | 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 |
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[8dfc5c3] | 7 | <!ENTITY gcc-download-http "&gnu-http;/gcc/gcc-&gcc-version;/gcc-&gcc-version;.tar.xz">
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| 8 | <!ENTITY gcc-download-ftp "&gnu-ftp;/gcc/gcc-&gcc-version;/gcc-&gcc-version;.tar.xz">
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[b5844a0] | 9 | <!-- Update this also on the grub-uefi page -->
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[0f21ed27] | 10 | <!ENTITY gcc-md5sum "73bafd0af874439dcdb9fc063b6fb069">
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| 11 | <!ENTITY gcc-size "81 MB">
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[7354b9a] | 12 | <!ENTITY gcc-buildsize "10.5 GB (2.4 GB installed with all listed languages; add 1.3 GB for tests)">
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[0f21ed27] | 13 | <!ENTITY gcc-time "32 SBU (add 66 SBU for tests; both with parallelism=4)">
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[52d29f7] | 14 | ]>
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| 15 |
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[58bd309a] | 16 | <sect1 id="gcc" xreflabel="GCC-&gcc-version;">
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[70e3220] | 17 | <?dbhtml filename="gcc.html" ?>
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| 18 |
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| 19 |
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| 20 | <title>GCC-&gcc-version;</title>
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| 21 |
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| 22 | <indexterm zone="gcc">
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[ae0673a] | 23 | <primary sortas="a-gcc-5-0">GCC-&gcc-version;</primary>
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[70e3220] | 24 | </indexterm>
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| 25 |
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| 26 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 27 | <title>Introduction to GCC</title>
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| 28 |
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[ae0673a] | 29 | <para>
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| 30 | The <application>GCC</application> package contains the GNU Compiler
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| 31 | Collection. This page describes the installation of compilers for the
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[7354b9a] | 32 | following languages: C, C++, Fortran, Objective C, Objective C++, and Go.
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| 33 | Since C and C++ are installed in LFS, this page is either for upgrading
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| 34 | C and C++, or for installing additional compilers.
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[ae0673a] | 35 | </para>
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[5512e64] | 36 |
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[7354b9a] | 37 | <note>
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| 38 | <para>
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| 39 | Additional languages, among which D and ADA, are available in the
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| 40 | collection. D and ADA have a binary bootstrap requirement for the first
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| 41 | installation, so their installation is not described here. To install
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| 42 | them, you can proceed along the same lines as below after installing
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| 43 | the corresponding compiler from a binary package, adding
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| 44 | <option>ada</option> or <option>d</option> to the
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| 45 | <parameter>--enable-languages</parameter> line.
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| 46 | </para>
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| 47 | </note>
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| 48 |
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[b984aaa1] | 49 | &lfs112_checked;
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[625d5fe5] | 50 |
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[636acbb1] | 51 | <caution>
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[ae0673a] | 52 | <para>
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| 53 | If you are upgrading <application>GCC</application> from any other
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| 54 | version prior to &gcc-version;, then you must be careful compiling 3rd
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| 55 | party kernel modules. You should ensure that the kernel and all its
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| 56 | native modules are also compiled using the same version of
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| 57 | <application>GCC</application> that you use to build the 3rd party module.
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| 58 | This issue does not affect native kernel (and kernel modules) updates,
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| 59 | as the instructions below are a complete reinstallation of
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| 60 | <application>GCC</application>. If you have existing 3rd party modules
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| 61 | installed, ensure they are recompiled using the updated version of
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| 62 | <application>GCC</application>. As always, never update the kernel
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| 63 | headers from the ones used when <application>Glibc</application> was
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| 64 | compiled during LFS.
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| 65 | </para>
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| 66 |
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| 67 | <para>
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[e9cab664] | 68 | Some system headers need to be fixed to be used with GCC. This is done
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| 69 | during the installation of GCC, and the <quote>fixed</quote> headers
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| 70 | are installed in <filename class="directory">
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| 71 | /usr/lib/gcc/<machine triplet>/<GCC version>/include-fixed
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| 72 | </filename>. This is harmless if GCC is built during the LFS stage. But
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| 73 | if you reinstall GCC in BLFS, some of the BLFS packages may be
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| 74 | <quote>fixed</quote>. If one of those packages is reinstalled
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| 75 | afterwards, the <quote>fixed</quote> headers are not updated, which may
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| 76 | lead to version mismatches. In case that happens, the
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| 77 | <quote>fixed</quote> headers must be updated by running (as
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| 78 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>):
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| 79 | <command>
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[da8e9f9] | 80 | /usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/install-tools/mkheaders
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[b9c353b] | 81 | </command>. The machine triplet may be different on a 32-bit system.
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[ae0673a] | 82 | </para>
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[636acbb1] | 83 | </caution>
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| 84 |
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[70e3220] | 85 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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| 86 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 87 | <listitem>
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[ae0673a] | 88 | <para>
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| 89 | Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&gcc-download-http;"/>
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| 90 | </para>
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[70e3220] | 91 | </listitem>
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| 92 | <listitem>
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[ae0673a] | 93 | <para>
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| 94 | Download (FTP): <ulink url="&gcc-download-ftp;"/>
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| 95 | </para>
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[70e3220] | 96 | </listitem>
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| 97 | <listitem>
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[ae0673a] | 98 | <para>
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| 99 | Download MD5 sum: &gcc-md5sum;
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| 100 | </para>
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[70e3220] | 101 | </listitem>
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| 102 | <listitem>
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[ae0673a] | 103 | <para>
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| 104 | Download size: &gcc-size;
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| 105 | </para>
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[70e3220] | 106 | </listitem>
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| 107 | <listitem>
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[ae0673a] | 108 | <para>
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| 109 | Estimated disk space required: &gcc-buildsize;
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| 110 | </para>
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[70e3220] | 111 | </listitem>
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| 112 | <listitem>
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[ae0673a] | 113 | <para>
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| 114 | Estimated build time: &gcc-time;
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| 115 | </para>
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[70e3220] | 116 | </listitem>
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| 117 | </itemizedlist>
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[0f21ed27] | 118 | <!--
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[12ab2eb] | 119 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
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| 120 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 121 | <listitem>
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| 122 | <para>
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| 123 | Required patch for building against glibc-2.36:
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| 124 | <ulink url="&patch-root;/gcc-&gcc-version;-glibc_2.36-1.patch"/>
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| 125 | </para>
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| 126 | </listitem>
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| 127 | </itemizedlist>
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[0f21ed27] | 128 | -->
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[70e3220] | 129 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">GCC Dependencies</bridgehead>
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[7354b9a] | 130 |
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[a7e88c5c] | 131 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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| 132 | <para role="optional">
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[1a8a995] | 133 | <xref linkend="gdb"/>,
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| 134 | <xref linkend="valgrind"/> (for tests), and
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| 135 | <ulink url="https://repo.or.cz/isl.git">ISL</ulink> (to enable graphite optimization)
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[a7e88c5c] | 136 | </para>
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[8558044] | 137 |
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[ae0673a] | 138 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">
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| 139 | User Notes: <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/gcc"/>
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| 140 | </para>
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[1039de3] | 141 |
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[70e3220] | 142 | </sect2>
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[034eda7] | 143 |
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[70e3220] | 144 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 145 | <title>Installation of GCC</title>
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| 146 |
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| 147 | <important>
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[ae0673a] | 148 | <para>
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| 149 | Even if you specify only languages other than C and C++ to the
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| 150 | <command>./configure</command> command below, the
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| 151 | installation process will overwrite your existing
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| 152 | <application>GCC</application> C and C++ compilers and libraries.
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[3026cde] | 153 | Running the full suite of tests is recommended.
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[ae0673a] | 154 | </para>
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| 155 |
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| 156 | <para>
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| 157 | Do not continue with the <command>make install</command> command
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| 158 | until you are confident the build was successful. You can compare your
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| 159 | test results with those found at <ulink
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[579bdb04] | 160 | url="https://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-testresults/"/>. You may also want to
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[ae0673a] | 161 | refer to the information found in the <application>GCC</application>
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[f0dc9578] | 162 | section of Chapter 8 in the LFS book (<ulink
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| 163 | url="&lfs-root;/chapter08/gcc.html"/>).
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[ae0673a] | 164 | </para>
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[70e3220] | 165 | </important>
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| 166 |
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[ae0673a] | 167 | <para>
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| 168 | The instructions below are intentionally performing a
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| 169 | <quote>bootstrap</quote> process. Bootstrapping is needed for robustness
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| 170 | and is highly recommended when upgrading the compilers version. To disable
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[0c953f12] | 171 | bootstrap anyway, add <parameter>--disable-bootstrap</parameter> to the
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[ae0673a] | 172 | <command>./configure</command> options below.
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| 173 | </para>
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[0f21ed27] | 174 | <!--
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[12ab2eb] | 175 | <para>
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| 176 | First fix a problem with glibc-2.36:
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| 177 | </para>
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| 178 |
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| 179 | <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../gcc-&gcc-version;-glibc_2.36-1.patch</userinput></screen>
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[0f21ed27] | 180 | -->
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[ae0673a] | 181 | <para>
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[e6d0be6] | 182 | Install <application>GCC</application> by running the following commands:
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[ae0673a] | 183 | </para>
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| 184 |
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[e6d0be6] | 185 | <screen><userinput>case $(uname -m) in
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[92245989] | 186 | x86_64)
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[df0e196] | 187 | sed -i.orig '/m64=/s/lib64/lib/' gcc/config/i386/t-linux64
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[92245989] | 188 | ;;
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| 189 | esac
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| 190 |
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[adbf61f] | 191 | mkdir build &&
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| 192 | cd build &&
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| 193 |
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| 194 | ../configure \
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| 195 | --prefix=/usr \
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| 196 | --disable-multilib \
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| 197 | --with-system-zlib \
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[b89180f] | 198 | --enable-default-pie \
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| 199 | --enable-default-ssp \
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[7354b9a] | 200 | --enable-languages=c,c++,fortran,go,objc,obj-c++ &&
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[7cadfea] | 201 | make</userinput></screen>
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[5512e64] | 202 |
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[ae0673a] | 203 | <para>
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| 204 | If you have installed additional packages such as
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| 205 | <application>Valgrind</application> and <application>GDB</application>,
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[48771ae] | 206 | the <application>GCC</application> part of the test suite will run more
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[ae0673a] | 207 | tests than in LFS. Some of those will report FAIL and others XPASS
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[b89180f] | 208 | (pass when expected to FAIL). As of gcc-12.2.0, about 60 FAIL occur
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[3b187ea] | 209 | in the <quote>guality</quote> suite, as well as miscellaneous failures
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[b89180f] | 210 | throughout the rest of the test suite, fifteen of which are already
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| 211 | present in the GCC tests of LFS. If all the compilers above are
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| 212 | built, there will be around 80 unexpected failures out of over
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| 213 | 482,000 tests. To run the tests, issue:
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[ae0673a] | 214 | </para>
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[d3757f1c] | 215 |
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[7cadfea] | 216 | <screen><userinput>ulimit -s 32768 &&
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[b10cfc81] | 217 | make -k check</userinput></screen>
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| 218 | <!-- The command above may error out, so using && may prevent the summary
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| 219 | to be run. -->
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| 220 |
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[ae0673a] | 221 | <para>
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| 222 | The tests are very long, and the results may be hard to find in the
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| 223 | logs, specially if you use parallel jobs with make. You can get a summary
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| 224 | of the tests with:
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| 225 | </para>
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[5512e64] | 226 |
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[0e64979] | 227 | <screen><userinput>../contrib/test_summary</userinput></screen>
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[8c9ec303] | 228 |
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[ae0673a] | 229 | <para>
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| 230 | Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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| 231 | </para>
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[8c9ec303] | 232 |
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[70e3220] | 233 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install &&
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[5512e64] | 234 |
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[7cadfea] | 235 | mkdir -pv /usr/share/gdb/auto-load/usr/lib &&
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| 236 | mv -v /usr/lib/*gdb.py /usr/share/gdb/auto-load/usr/lib &&
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| 237 |
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[38485e5c] | 238 | chown -v -R root:root \
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[7354b9a] | 239 | /usr/lib/gcc/*linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include{,-fixed}</userinput></screen>
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[f182eed] | 240 |
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[ae0673a] | 241 | <para>
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| 242 | Some packages expect to find the C preprocessor in
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| 243 | <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> or may refer to the C compiler
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| 244 | under the name <command>cc</command>. The following symbolic links are not
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| 245 | needed if you have followed the LFS instructions, since they
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| 246 | have been already created. If you do not have them on your system, issue
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| 247 | as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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| 248 | </para>
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[70e3220] | 249 |
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[ae0673a] | 250 | <screen role="root"><userinput>ln -v -sf ../usr/bin/cpp /lib &&
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| 251 | ln -v -sf gcc /usr/bin/cc &&
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| 252 | install -v -dm755 /usr/lib/bfd-plugins &&
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| 253 | ln -sfv ../../libexec/gcc/$(gcc -dumpmachine)/&gcc-version;/liblto_plugin.so /usr/lib/bfd-plugins/</userinput></screen>
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[034eda7] | 254 |
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[70e3220] | 255 | </sect2>
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| 256 |
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| 257 | <sect2 role="commands">
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| 258 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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[8ddc247] | 259 |
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[2d488eb] | 260 | <para>
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[0e64979] | 261 | <command>mkdir build; cd build</command>: The
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[2d488eb] | 262 | <application>GCC</application> documentation recommends
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| 263 | building the package in a dedicated build directory.
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| 264 | </para>
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[70e3220] | 265 |
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[2d488eb] | 266 | <para>
|
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| 267 | <parameter>--disable-multilib</parameter>: This parameter ensures
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| 268 | that files are created for the specific architecture of your computer.
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| 269 | </para>
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[7cadfea] | 270 |
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[2d488eb] | 271 | <para>
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[fa200b8] | 272 | <parameter>--with-system-zlib</parameter>: Uses the system
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[2d488eb] | 273 | <application>zlib</application> instead of the bundled one.
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| 274 | <application>zlib</application> is used for compressing
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[b89180f] | 275 | and decompressing <application>GCC</application>'s intermediate
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[2d488eb] | 276 | language in LTO (Link Time Optimization) object files.
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| 277 | </para>
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[034eda7] | 278 |
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[b89180f] | 279 | <para>
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| 280 | <parameter>--enable-default-pie</parameter>: Makes the
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| 281 | <option>-fpie</option> option the default when compiling programs.
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| 282 | Together with the <xref linkend="gASLR"/> feature enabled in the kernel,
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| 283 | this defeats some kind of attacks based on known memory layouts.
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| 284 | </para>
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| 285 |
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| 286 | <para>
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| 287 | <parameter>--enable-default-ssp</parameter>: Makes the
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| 288 | <option>-fstack-protector-strong</option> option the default when
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| 289 | compiling programs. <xref linkend="gSSP"/> is a technique preventing
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| 290 | alteration of the program flow by corrupting the parameter stack.
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| 291 | </para>
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| 292 |
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[800c9c3] | 293 | <para>
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[7354b9a] | 294 | <parameter>--enable-languages=c,c++,fortran,go,objc,obj-c++</parameter>:
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[2d488eb] | 295 | This command identifies which languages to build. You may modify
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[7354b9a] | 296 | this command to remove undesired languages. Other languages can be
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| 297 | added, including ADA, D, BRIG (add
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[3d9141c] | 298 | <parameter>brig</parameter> to the list of enabled languages), a binary
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[9562b375] | 299 | format for HSAIL (Heterogeneous System Architecture Intermediate
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[3d9141c] | 300 | Language), and JIT (add <parameter>jit</parameter> to the list of enabled
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[0f18e26] | 301 | languages), a library which can be linked into interpreters that want to
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| 302 | generate machine code <quote>on the fly</quote> at run-time. They have not
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| 303 | been tested by the BLFS developers.
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[2d488eb] | 304 | </para>
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[ae0673a] | 305 |
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[2d488eb] | 306 | <para>
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| 307 | <command>ulimit -s 32768</command>: This command prevents several
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| 308 | tests from running out of stack space.
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| 309 | </para>
|
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| 310 |
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| 311 | <para>
|
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| 312 | <command>make -k check</command>: This command runs the test suite
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| 313 | without stopping if any errors are encountered.
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| 314 | </para>
|
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| 315 |
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| 316 | <para>
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[9562b375] | 317 | <command>../contrib/test_summary</command>: This command will produce
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| 318 | a summary of the test suite results. You can append <command>| grep
|
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| 319 | -A7 Summ</command> to the command to produce an even more condensed
|
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| 320 | version of the summary. You may also wish to redirect the output
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[2d488eb] | 321 | to a file for review and comparison later on.
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| 322 | </para>
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| 323 |
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| 324 | <para>
|
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| 325 | <command>mv -v /usr/lib/*gdb.py ...</command>: The installation
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| 326 | stage puts some files used by <application>gdb</application> under the
|
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| 327 | <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> directory. This generates
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| 328 | spurious error messages when performing <command>ldconfig</command>. This
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| 329 | command moves the files to another location.
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| 330 | </para>
|
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| 331 |
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| 332 | <para>
|
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| 333 | <command>chown -v -R root:root /usr/lib/gcc/*linux-gnu/...</command>:
|
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| 334 | If the package is built by a user other than root, the ownership of the
|
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| 335 | installed <filename class="directory">include</filename> directory (and
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| 336 | its content) will be incorrect. This command changes the ownership to the
|
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| 337 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user and group.
|
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| 338 | </para>
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[034eda7] | 339 |
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[70e3220] | 340 | </sect2>
|
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| 341 |
|
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| 342 | <sect2 role="content">
|
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| 343 | <title>Contents</title>
|
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| 344 |
|
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[ae0673a] | 345 | <para>
|
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| 346 | Some program and library names and descriptions are not listed here,
|
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| 347 | but can be found at
|
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[9771f84] | 348 | <ulink url="&lfs-root;/chapter08/gcc.html#contents-gcc">LFS section
|
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| 349 | for GCC</ulink> as they were
|
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[ae0673a] | 350 | initially installed during the building of LFS.
|
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| 351 | </para>
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[2d488eb] | 352 |
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[70e3220] | 353 | <segmentedlist>
|
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| 354 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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| 355 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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| 356 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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| 357 |
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| 358 | <seglistitem>
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[7cadfea] | 359 | <seg>
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[7354b9a] | 360 | gccgo, gfortran, go, and gofmt, hard-linked to architecture
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[adbf61f] | 361 | specific names
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[7cadfea] | 362 | </seg>
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| 363 | <seg>
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[d7d743f0] | 364 | libgfortran.{so,a},
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[9562b375] | 365 | libgo.{so,a}, libgobegin.a, libgolibbegin.a,
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[d7d743f0] | 366 | libobjc.{so,a}, and numerous other run-time libraries and executables
|
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[7cadfea] | 367 | </seg>
|
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| 368 | <seg>
|
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[d5e9aa8] | 369 | /usr/lib/go
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[7cadfea] | 370 | </seg>
|
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[70e3220] | 371 | </seglistitem>
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| 372 | </segmentedlist>
|
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| 373 |
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| 374 | <variablelist>
|
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| 375 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
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| 376 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
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| 377 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
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| 378 |
|
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[034eda7] | 379 | <varlistentry id="gccgo">
|
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| 380 | <term><command>gccgo</command></term>
|
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| 381 | <listitem>
|
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[ae0673a] | 382 | <para>
|
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[5b55f9b3] | 383 | is a GCC-based compiler for the <application>Go</application>
|
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[4c24eb0a] | 384 | language
|
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[ae0673a] | 385 | </para>
|
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[034eda7] | 386 | <indexterm zone="gcc gccgo">
|
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| 387 | <primary sortas="b-gccgo">gccgo</primary>
|
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[70e3220] | 388 | </indexterm>
|
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| 389 | </listitem>
|
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| 390 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 391 |
|
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[87532434] | 392 | <varlistentry id="go">
|
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| 393 | <term><command>go</command></term>
|
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| 394 | <listitem>
|
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| 395 | <para>
|
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[4c24eb0a] | 396 | is a tool for managing <application>Go</application> source code
|
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[87532434] | 397 | </para>
|
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| 398 | <indexterm zone="gcc go">
|
---|
| 399 | <primary sortas="b-go">go</primary>
|
---|
| 400 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 401 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 402 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 403 |
|
---|
| 404 | <varlistentry id="gofmt">
|
---|
| 405 | <term><command>gofmt</command></term>
|
---|
| 406 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 407 | <para>
|
---|
[4c24eb0a] | 408 | is a tool for formatting <application>Go</application> source code
|
---|
[87532434] | 409 | </para>
|
---|
| 410 | <indexterm zone="gcc gofmt">
|
---|
| 411 | <primary sortas="b-gofmt">gofmt</primary>
|
---|
| 412 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 413 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 414 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
[7354b9a] | 415 | <!--
|
---|
[adbf61f] | 416 | <varlistentry id="gdc">
|
---|
| 417 | <term><command>gdc</command></term>
|
---|
| 418 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 419 | <para>
|
---|
| 420 | is a GCC-based compiler for the <application>D</application>
|
---|
[4c24eb0a] | 421 | language
|
---|
[adbf61f] | 422 | </para>
|
---|
| 423 | <indexterm zone="gcc gdc">
|
---|
| 424 | <primary sortas="b-gdc">gdc</primary>
|
---|
| 425 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 426 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 427 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
[7354b9a] | 428 | -->
|
---|
[800c9c3] | 429 | <varlistentry id="gfortran">
|
---|
| 430 | <term><command>gfortran</command></term>
|
---|
| 431 | <listitem>
|
---|
[ae0673a] | 432 | <para>
|
---|
| 433 | is a GCC-based compiler for the <application>Fortran</application>
|
---|
[4c24eb0a] | 434 | language
|
---|
[ae0673a] | 435 | </para>
|
---|
[800c9c3] | 436 | <indexterm zone="gcc gfortran">
|
---|
| 437 | <primary sortas="b-gfortran">gfortran</primary>
|
---|
| 438 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 439 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 440 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 441 |
|
---|
[70e3220] | 442 | </variablelist>
|
---|
| 443 |
|
---|
| 444 | </sect2>
|
---|
[1a686a1] | 445 |
|
---|
| 446 | </sect1>
|
---|