| 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 |
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| 7 | <!ENTITY git-root "&kernel-dl;/software/scm/git" >
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| 8 |
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| 9 | <!ENTITY git-download-http "&git-root;/git-&git-version;.tar.xz">
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| 10 | <!ENTITY git-download-ftp " ">
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| 11 | <!ENTITY git-md5sum "66a036a0442b8d159b0eff5a0fe0dc94">
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| 12 |
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| 13 | <!ENTITY git-size "7.0 MB">
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| 14 | <!-- but people keep forgetting that an install not only needs the net build
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| 15 | space, it also needs the install space (or DESTDIR) -->
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| 16 | <!ENTITY git-buildsize "255 MB (with downloaded documentation; add 18 MB for building doc)">
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| 17 | <!-- With 2.23.0, there was a large increase in time for tests. Possibly disk related? -->
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| 18 | <!-- Confirmed that it is disk related.-->
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| 19 | <!ENTITY git-time "0.3 SBU (with parallelism=4; add 0.4 SBU for building doc, and up to 13 SBU (disk speed dependent) for tests)">
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| 20 | ]>
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| 21 |
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| 22 | <sect1 id="git" xreflabel="git-&git-version;">
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| 23 | <?dbhtml filename="git.html"?>
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| 24 |
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| 25 |
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| 26 | <title>Git-&git-version;</title>
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| 27 |
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| 28 | <indexterm zone="git">
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| 29 | <primary sortas="a-Git">Git</primary>
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| 30 | </indexterm>
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| 31 |
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| 32 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 33 | <title>Introduction to Git</title>
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| 34 |
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| 35 | <para>
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| 36 | <application>Git</application> is a free and open source, distributed
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| 37 | version control system designed to handle everything from small to very
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| 38 | large projects with speed and efficiency. Every
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| 39 | <application>Git</application> clone is a full-fledged repository with
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| 40 | complete history and full revision tracking capabilities, not dependent
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| 41 | on network access or a central server. Branching and merging are fast and
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| 42 | easy to do. <application>Git</application> is used for version control of
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| 43 | files, much like tools such as <xref linkend="mercurial"/>,
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| 44 | <application>Bazaar</application>, <xref linkend="subversion"/>,
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| 45 | <ulink url="https://www.nongnu.org/cvs/">CVS</ulink>,
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| 46 | <application>Perforce</application>, and
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| 47 | <application>Team Foundation Server</application>.
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| 48 | </para>
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| 49 |
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| 50 | &lfs120_checked;
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| 51 |
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| 52 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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| 53 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 54 | <listitem>
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| 55 | <para>
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| 56 | Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&git-download-http;"/>
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| 57 | </para>
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| 58 | </listitem>
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| 59 | <listitem>
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| 60 | <para>
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| 61 | Download (FTP): <ulink url="&git-download-ftp;"/>
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| 62 | </para>
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| 63 | </listitem>
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| 64 | <listitem>
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| 65 | <para>
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| 66 | Download MD5 sum: &git-md5sum;
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| 67 | </para>
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| 68 | </listitem>
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| 69 | <listitem>
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| 70 | <para>
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| 71 | Download size: &git-size;
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| 72 | </para>
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| 73 | </listitem>
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| 74 | <listitem>
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| 75 | <para>
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| 76 | Estimated disk space required: &git-buildsize;
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| 77 | </para>
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| 78 | </listitem>
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| 79 | <listitem>
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| 80 | <para>
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| 81 | Estimated build time: &git-time;
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| 82 | </para>
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| 83 | </listitem>
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| 84 | </itemizedlist>
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| 85 |
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| 86 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
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| 87 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 88 | <listitem>
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| 89 | <para>
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| 90 | <ulink url="&git-root;/git-manpages-&git-version;.tar.xz">
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| 91 | &git-root;/git-manpages-&git-version;.tar.xz</ulink>
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| 92 | (not needed if you've installed <xref linkend="asciidoc"/>,
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| 93 | <xref linkend="xmlto"/>, and prefer to rebuild them)
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| 94 | </para>
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| 95 | </listitem>
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| 96 | <listitem>
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| 97 | <para>
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| 98 | <ulink url="&git-root;/git-htmldocs-&git-version;.tar.xz">
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| 99 | &git-root;/git-htmldocs-&git-version;.tar.xz</ulink>
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| 100 | and other docs (not needed if you've installed
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| 101 | <xref linkend="asciidoc"/> and want to rebuild the documentation).
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| 102 | </para>
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| 103 | </listitem>
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| 104 | </itemizedlist>
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| 105 |
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| 106 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Git Dependencies</bridgehead>
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| 107 |
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| 108 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Recommended</bridgehead>
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| 109 | <para role="recommended">
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| 110 | <xref linkend="curl"/> (needed to use <application>Git</application> over
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| 111 | http, https, ftp or ftps)
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| 112 | </para>
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| 113 |
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| 114 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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| 115 | <para role="optional">
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| 116 | <xref linkend="apache"/> (for some tests),
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| 117 | <xref role='runtime' linkend='fcron'/> (runtime, for scheduling
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| 118 | <command>git maintenance</command> jobs),
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| 119 | <xref role="runtime" linkend="gnupg2"/> (runtime, may be used to sign
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| 120 | <application>Git</application> commits or tags, or verify the signatures
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| 121 | of them),
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| 122 | <xref role="runtime" linkend="openssh"/> (runtime, needed to use
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| 123 | <application>Git</application> over ssh),
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| 124 | <xref linkend="pcre2"/> (<emphasis>or</emphasis> the deprecated <xref
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| 125 | role="nodep" linkend="pcre"/>), in either case configured with
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| 126 | <literal>--enable-jit</literal>,
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| 127 | <xref role="runtime" linkend="subversion"/> with Perl bindings
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| 128 | (runtime, for <command>git svn</command>),
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| 129 | <xref role="runtime" linkend="tk"/>
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| 130 | (gitk, a simple <application>Git</application>
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| 131 | repository viewer, uses <application>Tk</application> at runtime),
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| 132 | <xref linkend="valgrind"/>,
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| 133 | <ulink url="https://metacpan.org/pod/Authen::SASL">Authen::SASL</ulink> and
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| 134 | <ulink url="https://metacpan.org/pod/MIME::Base64">MIME::Base64</ulink>
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| 135 | (both runtime, for <command>git send-email</command>),
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| 136 | <phrase revision='sysv'>and </phrase><xref
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| 137 | linkend='perl-io-socket-ssl'/> (runtime, for
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| 138 | <command>git send-email</command> to connect to a SMTP server with
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| 139 | SSL encryption)
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| 140 | <phrase revision='systemd'>,and <xref role='runtime' linkend='systemd'/>
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| 141 | (runtime, rebuilt with <xref role='nodep' linkend='linux-pam'/>, for
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| 142 | scheduling <command>git maintenance</command> jobs)</phrase>
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| 143 | </para>
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| 144 |
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| 145 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional (to create the man pages, html docs
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| 146 | and other docs)</bridgehead>
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| 147 | <para role="optional">
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| 148 | <xref linkend="xmlto"/> and
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| 149 | <xref linkend="asciidoc"/>
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| 150 | <!-- or xref linkend="asciidoctor", doesn't work now because it needs docbook-xsl-ns -->,
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| 151 | and also
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| 152 | <ulink url="https://dblatex.sourceforge.net/">dblatex</ulink>
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| 153 | (for the PDF version of the user manual), and
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| 154 | <ulink url="https://docbook2x.sourceforge.net/">docbook2x</ulink> to
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| 155 | create info pages
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| 156 | </para>
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| 157 |
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| 158 | </sect2>
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| 159 |
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| 160 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 161 | <title>Installation of Git</title>
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| 162 |
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| 163 | <para>
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| 164 | Install <application>Git</application> by running the following
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| 165 | commands:
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| 166 | </para>
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| 167 |
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| 168 | <screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr \
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| 169 | --with-gitconfig=/etc/gitconfig \
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| 170 | --with-python=python3 &&
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| 171 | make</userinput></screen>
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| 172 |
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| 173 | <para>
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| 174 | You can build the man pages and/or html docs, or
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| 175 | use downloaded ones. If you choose to build them, use the next two
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| 176 | instructions.
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| 177 | </para>
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| 178 |
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| 179 | <para>
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| 180 | If you have installed <xref linkend="asciidoc"/> you can
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| 181 | create the html version of the man pages and other docs:
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| 182 | </para>
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| 183 |
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| 184 | <screen remap="doc"><userinput>make html</userinput></screen>
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| 185 |
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| 186 | <para>
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| 187 | If you have installed <xref linkend="asciidoc"/> and
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| 188 | <xref linkend="xmlto"/> you can create the man pages:
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| 189 | </para>
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| 190 |
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| 191 | <screen remap="doc"><userinput>make man</userinput></screen>
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| 192 |
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| 193 | <para>
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| 194 | The test suite can be run in parallel mode. To run the test suite, issue:
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| 195 | <command>make test -k |& tee test.log</command>. If some test
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| 196 | fails, the list of failed tests can be shown via
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| 197 | <command>grep '^not ok' test.log | grep -v TODO</command>.
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| 198 | <phrase revision='systemd'>One test named <literal>start and stop
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| 199 | Linux/systemd maintenance</literal> is known to fail if the current
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| 200 | login session is not started after rebuilding
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| 201 | <xref linkend='systemd'/> with <xref linkend='linux-pam'/>
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| 202 | support, or it's a SSH session but the SSH server is not configured
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| 203 | with <option>UsePAM</option> enabled.</phrase>
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| 204 | </para>
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| 205 |
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| 206 | <para>
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| 207 | Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
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| 208 | user:
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| 209 | </para>
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| 210 |
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| 211 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make perllibdir=/usr/lib/perl5/&lfs-perl-version;/site_perl install</userinput></screen>
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| 212 |
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| 213 | <!-- ==== Method 1 for docs ====== -->
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| 214 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">If you created the man pages and/or html docs</bridgehead>
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| 215 |
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| 216 | <para>
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| 217 | Install the man pages as the
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| 218 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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| 219 | </para>
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| 220 |
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| 221 | <screen role="root"
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| 222 | remap="doc"><userinput>make install-man</userinput></screen>
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| 223 |
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| 224 | <para>
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| 225 | Install the html docs as the
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| 226 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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| 227 | </para>
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| 228 |
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| 229 | <screen role="root"
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| 230 | remap="doc"><userinput>make htmldir=/usr/share/doc/git-&git-version; install-html</userinput></screen>
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| 231 |
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| 232 | <!-- ==== Method 2 for docs ====== -->
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| 233 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">If you downloaded the man pages and/or html docs</bridgehead>
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| 234 |
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| 235 | <para>
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| 236 | If you downloaded the man pages untar them as the
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| 237 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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| 238 | </para>
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| 239 |
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| 240 | <screen role="root"><userinput>tar -xf ../git-manpages-&git-version;.tar.xz \
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| 241 | -C /usr/share/man --no-same-owner --no-overwrite-dir</userinput></screen>
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| 242 |
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| 243 | <para>
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| 244 | If you downloaded the html docs untar them as the
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| 245 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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| 246 | </para>
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| 247 |
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| 248 | <screen role="root"><userinput>mkdir -vp /usr/share/doc/git-&git-version; &&
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| 249 | tar -xf ../git-htmldocs-&git-version;.tar.xz \
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| 250 | -C /usr/share/doc/git-&git-version; --no-same-owner --no-overwrite-dir &&
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| 251 |
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| 252 | find /usr/share/doc/git-&git-version; -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \; &&
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| 253 | find /usr/share/doc/git-&git-version; -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \;</userinput></screen>
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| 254 |
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| 255 | <!-- ==== Reorganize docs ====== -->
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| 256 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Reorganize text and html in the html-docs (both methods)</bridgehead>
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| 257 |
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| 258 | <para>
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| 259 | For both methods, the html-docs include a lot of plain text files.
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| 260 | Reorganize the files as the
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| 261 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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| 262 | </para>
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| 263 |
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| 264 | <screen role="root"><userinput>mkdir -vp /usr/share/doc/git-&git-version;/man-pages/{html,text} &&
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| 265 | mv /usr/share/doc/git-&git-version;/{git*.txt,man-pages/text} &&
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| 266 | mv /usr/share/doc/git-&git-version;/{git*.,index.,man-pages/}html &&
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| 267 |
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| 268 | mkdir -vp /usr/share/doc/git-&git-version;/technical/{html,text} &&
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| 269 | mv /usr/share/doc/git-&git-version;/technical/{*.txt,text} &&
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| 270 | mv /usr/share/doc/git-&git-version;/technical/{*.,}html &&
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| 271 |
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| 272 | mkdir -vp /usr/share/doc/git-&git-version;/howto/{html,text} &&
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| 273 | mv /usr/share/doc/git-&git-version;/howto/{*.txt,text} &&
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| 274 | mv /usr/share/doc/git-&git-version;/howto/{*.,}html &&
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| 275 |
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| 276 | sed -i '/^<a href=/s|howto/|&html/|' /usr/share/doc/git-&git-version;/howto-index.html &&
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| 277 | sed -i '/^\* link:/s|howto/|&html/|' /usr/share/doc/git-&git-version;/howto-index.txt</userinput></screen>
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| 278 |
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| 279 | </sect2>
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| 280 |
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| 281 | <sect2 role="commands">
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| 282 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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| 283 |
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| 284 | <para>
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| 285 | <parameter>--with-gitconfig=/etc/gitconfig</parameter>: This sets
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| 286 | <filename>/etc/gitconfig</filename> as the file that stores
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| 287 | the default, system wide, <application>Git</application>
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| 288 | settings.
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| 289 | </para>
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| 290 |
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| 291 | <para>
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| 292 | <parameter>--with-python=python3</parameter>: Use this switch to use
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| 293 | <application>Python 3</application>, instead of the EOL'ed
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| 294 | <application>Python 2</application>. Python is used for the
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| 295 | <command>git p4</command> interface to Perforce repositories,
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| 296 | and also used in some tests.
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| 297 | </para>
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| 298 |
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| 299 | <para>
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| 300 | <option>--with-libpcre2</option>: Use this switch if
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| 301 | <application>PCRE2</application> is installed and has been built with
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| 302 | the non-default JIT enabled.
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| 303 | </para>
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| 304 |
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| 305 | <para>
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| 306 | <option>--with-libpcre1</option>: As an alternative to PCRE2, use this
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| 307 | switch if the deprecated <application>PCRE</application> is installed
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| 308 | and has been built with the non-default JIT enabled.
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| 309 | </para>
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| 310 |
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| 311 | <para>
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| 312 | <command>tar -xf ../git-manpages-&git-version;.tar.gz -C
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| 313 | /usr/share/man --no-same-owner</command>: This untars
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| 314 | <filename>git-manpages-&git-version;.tar.gz</filename>. The
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| 315 | <option>-C</option> option makes tar change directory to
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| 316 | <filename class="directory">/usr/share/man</filename> before
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| 317 | it starts to decompress the docs. The <option>--no-same-owner</option>
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| 318 | option stops tar from preserving the user and group details of the
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| 319 | files. This is useful as that user or group may not exist on your
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| 320 | system; this could (potentially) be a security risk.
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| 321 | </para>
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| 322 |
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| 323 | <para>
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| 324 | <command>mv /usr/share/doc/git-&git-version; ...</command>: These
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| 325 | commands move some of the files into subfolders to make it easier to sort
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| 326 | through the docs and find what you're looking for.
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| 327 | </para>
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| 328 |
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| 329 | <para>
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| 330 | <command>find ... chmod ...</command>: These commands correct the
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| 331 | permissions in the shipped documentation tar file.
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| 332 | </para>
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| 333 |
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| 334 | </sect2>
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| 335 |
|
|---|
| 336 | <sect2 role="configuration">
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| 337 | <title>Configuring Git</title>
|
|---|
| 338 |
|
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| 339 | <sect3 id="git-config">
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| 340 | <title>Config Files</title>
|
|---|
| 341 | <para>
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| 342 | <filename>~/.gitconfig</filename> and
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| 343 | <filename>/etc/gitconfig</filename>
|
|---|
| 344 | </para>
|
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| 345 |
|
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| 346 | <indexterm zone="git git-config">
|
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| 347 | <primary sortas="e-AA.gitconfig">~/.gitconfig</primary>
|
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| 348 | </indexterm>
|
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| 349 |
|
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| 350 | <indexterm zone="git git-config">
|
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| 351 | <primary sortas="e-etc-gitconfig">/etc/gitconfig</primary>
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| 352 | </indexterm>
|
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| 353 |
|
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| 354 | </sect3>
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| 355 |
|
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| 356 | </sect2>
|
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| 357 |
|
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| 358 | <sect2 role="content">
|
|---|
| 359 | <title>Contents</title>
|
|---|
| 360 |
|
|---|
| 361 | <segmentedlist>
|
|---|
| 362 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
|
|---|
| 363 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
|
|---|
| 364 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
|
|---|
| 365 |
|
|---|
| 366 | <seglistitem>
|
|---|
| 367 | <seg>
|
|---|
| 368 | git, git-receive-pack, git-upload-archive, and
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| 369 | git-upload-pack (hardlinked to each
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| 370 | other), git-cvsserver, git-shell, gitk, and scalar
|
|---|
| 371 | </seg>
|
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| 372 | <seg>
|
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| 373 | None
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| 374 | </seg>
|
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| 375 | <seg>
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| 376 | /usr/libexec/git-core,
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| 377 | /usr/lib/perl5/&lfs-perl-version;/site_perl/Git, and
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| 378 | /usr/share/{doc/git-&git-version;,git-core,git-gui,gitk,gitweb}
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| 379 | </seg>
|
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| 380 | </seglistitem>
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| 381 | </segmentedlist>
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| 382 |
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| 383 | <variablelist>
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| 384 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 385 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
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| 386 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
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| 387 |
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| 388 | <varlistentry id="git-prog">
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| 389 | <term><command>git</command></term>
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| 390 | <listitem>
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| 391 | <para>
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| 392 | is the stupid content tracker
|
|---|
| 393 | </para>
|
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| 394 | <indexterm zone="git git-prog">
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| 395 | <primary sortas="b-git">git</primary>
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| 396 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 397 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 398 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 399 |
|
|---|
| 400 | <varlistentry id="git-cvsserver">
|
|---|
| 401 | <term><command>git-cvsserver</command></term>
|
|---|
| 402 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 403 | <para>
|
|---|
| 404 | is a CVS server emulator for <application>Git</application>
|
|---|
| 405 | </para>
|
|---|
| 406 | <indexterm zone="git git-cvsserver">
|
|---|
| 407 | <primary sortas="b-git-cvsserver">git-cvsserver</primary>
|
|---|
| 408 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 409 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 410 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 411 |
|
|---|
| 412 | <varlistentry id="gitk">
|
|---|
| 413 | <term><command>gitk</command></term>
|
|---|
| 414 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 415 | <para>
|
|---|
| 416 | is a graphical <application>Git</application> repository browser
|
|---|
| 417 | (needs <xref linkend="tk"/>)
|
|---|
| 418 | </para>
|
|---|
| 419 | <indexterm zone="git gitk">
|
|---|
| 420 | <primary sortas="b-gitk">gitk</primary>
|
|---|
| 421 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 422 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 423 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 424 |
|
|---|
| 425 | <varlistentry id="git-receive-pack">
|
|---|
| 426 | <term><command>git-receive-pack</command></term>
|
|---|
| 427 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 428 | <para>
|
|---|
| 429 | is invoked by <command>git send-pack</command> and updates the
|
|---|
| 430 | repository with the information fed from the remote end
|
|---|
| 431 | </para>
|
|---|
| 432 | <indexterm zone="git git-receive-pack">
|
|---|
| 433 | <primary sortas="b-git-receive-pack">git-receive-pack</primary>
|
|---|
| 434 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 435 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 436 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 437 |
|
|---|
| 438 | <varlistentry id="git-shell">
|
|---|
| 439 | <term><command>git-shell</command></term>
|
|---|
| 440 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 441 | <para>
|
|---|
| 442 | is a login shell for SSH accounts to provide restricted Git
|
|---|
| 443 | access
|
|---|
| 444 | </para>
|
|---|
| 445 | <indexterm zone="git git-shell">
|
|---|
| 446 | <primary sortas="b-git-shell">git-shell</primary>
|
|---|
| 447 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 448 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 449 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 450 |
|
|---|
| 451 | <varlistentry id="git-upload-archive">
|
|---|
| 452 | <term><command>git-upload-archive</command></term>
|
|---|
| 453 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 454 | <para>
|
|---|
| 455 | is invoked by <command>git archive --remote</command> and sends
|
|---|
| 456 | a generated archive to the other end over the git protocol
|
|---|
| 457 | </para>
|
|---|
| 458 | <indexterm zone="git git-upload-archive">
|
|---|
| 459 | <primary sortas="b-git-upload-archive">git-upload-archive</primary>
|
|---|
| 460 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 461 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 462 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 463 |
|
|---|
| 464 | <varlistentry id="git-upload-pack">
|
|---|
| 465 | <term><command>git-upload-pack</command></term>
|
|---|
| 466 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 467 | <para>
|
|---|
| 468 | is invoked by <command>git fetch-pack</command>, it discovers
|
|---|
| 469 | what objects the other side is missing, and sends them after
|
|---|
| 470 | packing
|
|---|
| 471 | </para>
|
|---|
| 472 | <indexterm zone="git git-upload-pack">
|
|---|
| 473 | <primary sortas="b-git-upload-pack">git-upload-pack</primary>
|
|---|
| 474 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 475 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 476 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 477 |
|
|---|
| 478 | <varlistentry id="scalar">
|
|---|
| 479 | <term><command>scalar</command></term>
|
|---|
| 480 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 481 | <para>
|
|---|
| 482 | is a repository management tool that optimizes Git for use in
|
|---|
| 483 | large repositories
|
|---|
| 484 | </para>
|
|---|
| 485 | <indexterm zone="git scalar">
|
|---|
| 486 | <primary sortas="b-scalar">scalar</primary>
|
|---|
| 487 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 488 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 489 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 490 | </variablelist>
|
|---|
| 491 |
|
|---|
| 492 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 493 |
|
|---|
| 494 | </sect1>
|
|---|
