| 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
|---|
| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
|
|---|
| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
|
|---|
| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
|
|---|
| 5 | %general-entities;
|
|---|
| 6 |
|
|---|
| 7 | <!ENTITY python3-download-http
|
|---|
| 8 | "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/&python3-version;/Python-&python3-version;.tar.xz">
|
|---|
| 9 | <!ENTITY python3-download-ftp " ">
|
|---|
| 10 | <!ENTITY python3-md5sum "dbac8df9d8b9edc678d0f4cacdb7dbb0">
|
|---|
| 11 | <!ENTITY python3-size "17 MB">
|
|---|
| 12 | <!ENTITY python3-buildsize "193 MB (add 38 MB for tests)">
|
|---|
| 13 | <!ENTITY python3-time "0.5 SBU (add 1.9 SBU for tests)">
|
|---|
| 14 | <!--
|
|---|
| 15 |
|
|---|
| 16 | Note: Size does not reflect docs that were install in LFS.
|
|---|
| 17 |
|
|---|
| 18 | <!ENTITY python3htmldoc-download-http
|
|---|
| 19 | "https://docs.python.org/ftp/python/doc/&python3-version;/python-&python3-version;-docs-html.tar.bz2"> -->
|
|---|
| 20 | ]>
|
|---|
| 21 |
|
|---|
| 22 | <sect1 id="python3" xreflabel="Python-&python3-version;">
|
|---|
| 23 | <?dbhtml filename="python3.html" ?>
|
|---|
| 24 |
|
|---|
| 25 | <sect1info>
|
|---|
| 26 | <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
|
|---|
| 27 | <date>$Date$</date>
|
|---|
| 28 | </sect1info>
|
|---|
| 29 |
|
|---|
| 30 | <title>Python-&python3-version;</title>
|
|---|
| 31 |
|
|---|
| 32 | <indexterm zone="python3">
|
|---|
| 33 | <primary sortas="a-Python3">Python3</primary>
|
|---|
| 34 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 35 |
|
|---|
| 36 | <sect2 role="package">
|
|---|
| 37 | <title>Introduction to Python 3</title>
|
|---|
| 38 |
|
|---|
| 39 | <para>
|
|---|
| 40 | The <application>Python 3</application> package contains the
|
|---|
| 41 | <application>Python</application> development environment.
|
|---|
| 42 | This is useful for object-oriented programming, writing scripts,
|
|---|
| 43 | prototyping large programs or developing entire applications.
|
|---|
| 44 | </para>
|
|---|
| 45 |
|
|---|
| 46 | <note><para><application>Python 3</application> was installed in LFS.
|
|---|
| 47 | The only reason to rebuild it here is if optional modules
|
|---|
| 48 | are needed.</para></note>
|
|---|
| 49 |
|
|---|
| 50 | &lfs90_checked;
|
|---|
| 51 |
|
|---|
| 52 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
|
|---|
| 53 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
|
|---|
| 54 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 55 | <para>
|
|---|
| 56 | Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&python3-download-http;"/>
|
|---|
| 57 | </para>
|
|---|
| 58 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 59 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 60 | <para>
|
|---|
| 61 | Download (FTP): <ulink url="&python3-download-ftp;"/>
|
|---|
| 62 | </para>
|
|---|
| 63 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 64 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 65 | <para>
|
|---|
| 66 | Download MD5 sum: &python3-md5sum;
|
|---|
| 67 | </para>
|
|---|
| 68 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 69 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 70 | <para>
|
|---|
| 71 | Download size: &python3-size;
|
|---|
| 72 | </para>
|
|---|
| 73 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 74 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 75 | <para>
|
|---|
| 76 | Estimated disk space required: &python3-buildsize;
|
|---|
| 77 | </para>
|
|---|
| 78 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 79 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 80 | <para>
|
|---|
| 81 | Estimated build time: &python3-time;
|
|---|
| 82 | </para>
|
|---|
| 83 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 84 | </itemizedlist>
|
|---|
| 85 |
|
|---|
| 86 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Python 3 Dependencies</bridgehead>
|
|---|
| 87 |
|
|---|
| 88 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
|
|---|
| 89 | <para role="required">
|
|---|
| 90 | <!-- This is called upon during the installation of setuptools. -->
|
|---|
| 91 | <!-- I've emailed DJ since there is a problem with this, and he is
|
|---|
| 92 | technically upstream. Since it uses a Python module that isn't
|
|---|
| 93 | recompiled yet, lsb_release fails to run.-->
|
|---|
| 94 | <xref linkend="lsb-tools"/>
|
|---|
| 95 | </para>
|
|---|
| 96 |
|
|---|
| 97 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
|
|---|
| 98 | <para role="optional">
|
|---|
| 99 | <xref linkend="bluez"/>,
|
|---|
| 100 | <xref linkend="gdb"/> (required for some tests),
|
|---|
| 101 | <xref linkend="valgrind"/>, and
|
|---|
| 102 | <ulink url="http://www.bytereef.org/mpdecimal">libmpcdec</ulink>
|
|---|
| 103 | </para>
|
|---|
| 104 |
|
|---|
| 105 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional (For Additional Modules)</bridgehead>
|
|---|
| 106 | <para role="optional">
|
|---|
| 107 | <xref linkend="db"/>,
|
|---|
| 108 | <xref linkend="sqlite"/>, and
|
|---|
| 109 | <xref linkend="tk"/>
|
|---|
| 110 | </para>
|
|---|
| 111 |
|
|---|
| 112 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
|
|---|
| 113 | <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/Python3"/>
|
|---|
| 114 | </para>
|
|---|
| 115 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 116 |
|
|---|
| 117 | <sect2 role="installation">
|
|---|
| 118 | <title>Installation of Python 3</title>
|
|---|
| 119 |
|
|---|
| 120 | <para>
|
|---|
| 121 | Install <application>Python 3</application> by running the following
|
|---|
| 122 | commands:
|
|---|
| 123 | </para>
|
|---|
| 124 |
|
|---|
| 125 | <screen><userinput>CXX="/usr/bin/g++" \
|
|---|
| 126 | ./configure --prefix=/usr \
|
|---|
| 127 | --enable-shared \
|
|---|
| 128 | --with-system-expat \
|
|---|
| 129 | --with-system-ffi \
|
|---|
| 130 | --with-ensurepip=yes &&
|
|---|
| 131 | make</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 132 |
|
|---|
| 133 | <para>
|
|---|
| 134 | The test suite must be run separately, using an X terminal (see below).
|
|---|
| 135 | </para>
|
|---|
| 136 |
|
|---|
| 137 | <para>
|
|---|
| 138 | Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
|
|---|
| 139 | </para>
|
|---|
| 140 |
|
|---|
| 141 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install &&
|
|---|
| 142 | <!--ln -sfv pip&python3-majorver; /usr/bin/pip3 &&-->
|
|---|
| 143 | chmod -v 755 /usr/lib/libpython&python3-majorver;.so &&
|
|---|
| 144 | chmod -v 755 /usr/lib/libpython3.so</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 145 |
|
|---|
| 146 | <para>
|
|---|
| 147 | The test suite must be run separately from the build, either before or
|
|---|
| 148 | after the package is built and installed. Do not run
|
|---|
| 149 | <command>make install</command> after running the test suite. To build
|
|---|
| 150 | and install the package, you need to start with a fresh or clean source
|
|---|
| 151 | tree. For the tests, you also need a clean source code, so either start by
|
|---|
| 152 | removing the source code directory and starting over, by uncompressing
|
|---|
| 153 | the source tarball or by running <command>make clean</command>. Then
|
|---|
| 154 | configure again, adding <quote>--with-pydebug</quote> to the
|
|---|
| 155 | <command>configure</command> switches above, run <command>make</command>,
|
|---|
| 156 | then <command>make test</command>. Remember that tests must be executed
|
|---|
| 157 | using an X terminal.
|
|---|
| 158 | The test SBU highly depends on the speed of the internet connection.
|
|---|
| 159 | The test_sqlite test is known to fail.
|
|---|
| 160 | </para>
|
|---|
| 161 |
|
|---|
| 162 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 163 |
|
|---|
| 164 | <sect2 role="commands">
|
|---|
| 165 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
|
|---|
| 166 |
|
|---|
| 167 | <para>
|
|---|
| 168 | <command> CXX="/usr/bin/g++" ./configure ...</command>: Avoid an annoying
|
|---|
| 169 | message during configuration.
|
|---|
| 170 | </para>
|
|---|
| 171 |
|
|---|
| 172 | <para>
|
|---|
| 173 | <parameter>--with-system-expat</parameter>: This switch enables linking
|
|---|
| 174 | against the system version of <application>Expat</application>.
|
|---|
| 175 | </para>
|
|---|
| 176 |
|
|---|
| 177 | <para>
|
|---|
| 178 | <parameter>--with-system-ffi</parameter>: This switch enables linking
|
|---|
| 179 | against system version of <application>libffi</application>.
|
|---|
| 180 | </para>
|
|---|
| 181 |
|
|---|
| 182 | <para>
|
|---|
| 183 | <parameter>--with-ensurepip=yes</parameter> : This switch enables building
|
|---|
| 184 | <command>pip</command> and <command>setuptools</command> packaging programs.
|
|---|
| 185 | <command>setuptools</command> is needed for building some Python modules.
|
|---|
| 186 | </para>
|
|---|
| 187 |
|
|---|
| 188 | <para>
|
|---|
| 189 | <option>--with-dbmliborder=bdb:gdbm:ndbm</option>: Use this switch
|
|---|
| 190 | if you want to build <application>Python</application> DBM Module
|
|---|
| 191 | against <application>Berkeley DB</application> instead of
|
|---|
| 192 | <application>GDBM</application>.
|
|---|
| 193 | </para>
|
|---|
| 194 |
|
|---|
| 195 | <para>
|
|---|
| 196 | <option>--enable-optimization</option>: Use this switch
|
|---|
| 197 | if you want to enable <emphasis>expensive</emphasis> optimizations (i.e.
|
|---|
| 198 | Profile Guided Optimizations). This adds around 20 SBU, but can
|
|---|
| 199 | <emphasis>slightly</emphasis> speed up some uses, such as using
|
|---|
| 200 | <application>Sphinx</application> for creating documentation, or use of
|
|---|
| 201 | <application>Python3</application> scripts.
|
|---|
| 202 | </para>
|
|---|
| 203 |
|
|---|
| 204 | <para>
|
|---|
| 205 | <option>--with-lto</option>: This optional switch enables thick Link
|
|---|
| 206 | Time Optimization. Unusually, it creates a much larger <filename
|
|---|
| 207 | class="libraryfile">/usr/lib/python3.8/config-3.8-x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.8.a</filename>
|
|---|
| 208 | with a small increase in the time to compile
|
|---|
| 209 | <application>Python</application>. Run-time results do not appear to show
|
|---|
| 210 | any benefit from doing this.
|
|---|
| 211 | </para>
|
|---|
| 212 | <!--
|
|---|
| 213 | <para>
|
|---|
| 214 | <command>ln -sfv ...</command>: When upgrading to Python-3.8, it was
|
|---|
| 215 | discovered that the symlink to pip3 is sometimes not created. Create
|
|---|
| 216 | the symlink so that pip3 can be used as described in the book.
|
|---|
| 217 | </para>
|
|---|
| 218 | -->
|
|---|
| 219 | <para>
|
|---|
| 220 | <command>chmod ...</command>: Fix permissions for shared libraries to be
|
|---|
| 221 | consistent with other libraries.
|
|---|
| 222 | </para>
|
|---|
| 223 |
|
|---|
| 224 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 225 |
|
|---|
| 226 | <sect2 role="configuration">
|
|---|
| 227 | <title>Configuring Python 3</title>
|
|---|
| 228 |
|
|---|
| 229 | <para>
|
|---|
| 230 | In order for <command>python3</command> to find the installed
|
|---|
| 231 | documentation, create the following version independent symlink:
|
|---|
| 232 | </para>
|
|---|
| 233 |
|
|---|
| 234 | <screen role="root"><userinput>ln -svfn python-&python3-version; /usr/share/doc/python-3</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 235 |
|
|---|
| 236 | <para>
|
|---|
| 237 | and add the following environment variable to the individual user's or
|
|---|
| 238 | system's profile:
|
|---|
| 239 | </para>
|
|---|
| 240 |
|
|---|
| 241 | <screen role="root"><userinput>export PYTHONDOCS=/usr/share/doc/python-3/html</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 242 |
|
|---|
| 243 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 244 |
|
|---|
| 245 | <sect2 role="content">
|
|---|
| 246 | <title>Contents</title>
|
|---|
| 247 |
|
|---|
| 248 | <segmentedlist>
|
|---|
| 249 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
|
|---|
| 250 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
|
|---|
| 251 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
|
|---|
| 252 |
|
|---|
| 253 | <seglistitem>
|
|---|
| 254 | <seg>
|
|---|
| 255 | 2to3 (symlink) and
|
|---|
| 256 | 2to3-&python3-majorver;,
|
|---|
| 257 |
|
|---|
| 258 | easy_install (symlink) and
|
|---|
| 259 | easy_install-&python3-majorver;,
|
|---|
| 260 |
|
|---|
| 261 | idle3 (symlink) and
|
|---|
| 262 | idle&python3-majorver;,
|
|---|
| 263 |
|
|---|
| 264 | pip3 (symlink) and
|
|---|
| 265 | pip&python3-majorver;,
|
|---|
| 266 |
|
|---|
| 267 | pydoc3 (symlink) and
|
|---|
| 268 | pydoc&python3-majorver;,
|
|---|
| 269 |
|
|---|
| 270 | python3 (symlink);
|
|---|
| 271 | python&python3-majorver;, and
|
|---|
| 272 |
|
|---|
| 273 | python3-config (symlink) and
|
|---|
| 274 | python&python3-majorver;-config
|
|---|
| 275 | <!--
|
|---|
| 276 | pyvenv (symlink),
|
|---|
| 277 | pyvenv-&python3-majorver;
|
|---|
| 278 | -->
|
|---|
| 279 | </seg>
|
|---|
| 280 | <seg>
|
|---|
| 281 | libpython&python3-majorver;.so and libpython3.so
|
|---|
| 282 | </seg>
|
|---|
| 283 | <seg>
|
|---|
| 284 | /usr/include/python&python3-majorver;,
|
|---|
| 285 | /usr/lib/python&python3-majorver;, and
|
|---|
| 286 | /usr/share/doc/python-&python3-version;
|
|---|
| 287 | </seg>
|
|---|
| 288 | </seglistitem>
|
|---|
| 289 | </segmentedlist>
|
|---|
| 290 |
|
|---|
| 291 | <variablelist>
|
|---|
| 292 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
|---|
| 293 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
|---|
| 294 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
|---|
| 295 | <!--
|
|---|
| 296 | <varlistentry id="2to3">
|
|---|
| 297 | <term><command>2to3</command></term>
|
|---|
| 298 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 299 | <para>
|
|---|
| 300 | is designed to assist in the transition between python2 and python3
|
|---|
| 301 | by automatically converting code to be Python3 compatible.
|
|---|
| 302 | </para>
|
|---|
| 303 | <indexterm zone="python3 2to3">
|
|---|
| 304 | <primary sortas="b-2to3">2to3</primary>
|
|---|
| 305 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 306 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 307 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 308 | Put here for easy use when removing Python2 -->
|
|---|
| 309 | <varlistentry id="easy_install">
|
|---|
| 310 | <term><command>easy_install</command></term>
|
|---|
| 311 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 312 | <para>
|
|---|
| 313 | is a frontend to pip3 to make it easier to configure python modules
|
|---|
| 314 | through the PIP package manager.
|
|---|
| 315 | </para>
|
|---|
| 316 | <indexterm zone="python3 easy_install">
|
|---|
| 317 | <primary sortas="python3 easy_install">easy_install</primary>
|
|---|
| 318 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 319 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 320 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 321 |
|
|---|
| 322 | <varlistentry id="idle3">
|
|---|
| 323 | <term><command>idle3</command></term>
|
|---|
| 324 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 325 | <para>
|
|---|
| 326 | is a wrapper script that opens a <application>Python</application>
|
|---|
| 327 | aware GUI editor. For this script to run, you must have installed
|
|---|
| 328 | <application>Tk</application> before Python so that the Tkinter
|
|---|
| 329 | Python module is built.
|
|---|
| 330 | </para>
|
|---|
| 331 | <indexterm zone="python3 idle3">
|
|---|
| 332 | <primary sortas="b-idle3">idle3</primary>
|
|---|
| 333 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 334 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 335 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 336 |
|
|---|
| 337 | <varlistentry id="pydoc3">
|
|---|
| 338 | <term><command>pydoc3</command></term>
|
|---|
| 339 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 340 | <para>
|
|---|
| 341 | is the <application>Python</application> documentation
|
|---|
| 342 | tool.
|
|---|
| 343 | </para>
|
|---|
| 344 | <indexterm zone="python3 pydoc3">
|
|---|
| 345 | <primary sortas="b-pydoc3">pydo3c</primary>
|
|---|
| 346 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 347 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 348 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 349 |
|
|---|
| 350 | <varlistentry id="python3-prog">
|
|---|
| 351 | <term><command>python3</command></term>
|
|---|
| 352 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 353 | <para>
|
|---|
| 354 | is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming
|
|---|
| 355 | language.
|
|---|
| 356 | </para>
|
|---|
| 357 | <indexterm zone="python3 python3-prog">
|
|---|
| 358 | <primary sortas="b-python3">python3</primary>
|
|---|
| 359 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 360 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 361 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 362 |
|
|---|
| 363 | <varlistentry id="python-ver">
|
|---|
| 364 | <term><command>python&python3-majorver;</command></term>
|
|---|
| 365 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 366 | <para>
|
|---|
| 367 | is a version-specific name for the <command>python</command>
|
|---|
| 368 | program.
|
|---|
| 369 | </para>
|
|---|
| 370 | <indexterm zone="python3 python-ver">
|
|---|
| 371 | <primary
|
|---|
| 372 | sortas="b-python&python3-majorver;">python&python3-majorver;</primary>
|
|---|
| 373 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 374 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 375 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 376 | <!--
|
|---|
| 377 | <varlistentry id="pyvenv">
|
|---|
| 378 | <term><command>pyvenv</command></term>
|
|---|
| 379 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 380 | <para>
|
|---|
| 381 | creates virtual <application>Python</application> environments in
|
|---|
| 382 | one or more target directories.
|
|---|
| 383 | </para>
|
|---|
| 384 | <indexterm zone="python3 pyvenv">
|
|---|
| 385 | <primary
|
|---|
| 386 | sortas="b-python&python3-majorver;">python&python3-majorver;</primary>
|
|---|
| 387 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 388 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 389 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 390 | -->
|
|---|
| 391 | </variablelist>
|
|---|
| 392 |
|
|---|
| 393 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 394 |
|
|---|
| 395 | </sect1>
|
|---|
