| 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 |
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| 7 | <!ENTITY python3-download-http
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| 8 | "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/&python3-version;/Python-&python3-version;.tar.xz">
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| 9 | <!ENTITY python3-download-ftp " ">
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| 10 | <!ENTITY python3-md5sum "d33e4aae66097051c2eca45ee3604803">
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| 11 | <!ENTITY python3-size "16 MB">
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| 12 | <!ENTITY python3-buildsize "180 MB (add 22 MB for tests)">
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| 13 | <!ENTITY python3-time "1.0 SBU (add 1.1 SBU for tests)">
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| 14 | <!--
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| 15 |
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| 16 | Note: Size does not reflect docs that were install in LFS.
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| 17 |
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| 18 | <!ENTITY python3htmldoc-download-http
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| 19 | "https://docs.python.org/ftp/python/doc/&python3-version;/python-&python3-version;-docs-html.tar.bz2"> -->
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| 20 | ]>
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| 21 |
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| 22 | <sect1 id="python3" xreflabel="Python-&python3-version;">
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| 23 | <?dbhtml filename="python3.html" ?>
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| 24 |
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| 25 | <sect1info>
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| 26 | <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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| 27 | <date>$Date$</date>
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| 28 | </sect1info>
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| 29 |
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| 30 | <title>Python-&python3-version;</title>
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| 31 |
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| 32 | <indexterm zone="python3">
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| 33 | <primary sortas="a-Python3">Python3</primary>
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| 34 | </indexterm>
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| 35 |
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| 36 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 37 | <title>Introduction to Python 3</title>
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| 38 |
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| 39 | <para>
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| 40 | The <application>Python 3</application> package contains the
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| 41 | <application>Python</application> development environment.
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| 42 | This is useful for object-oriented programming, writing scripts,
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| 43 | prototyping large programs or developing entire applications.
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| 44 | </para>
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| 45 |
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| 46 | <note><para><application>Python 3</application> was installed in LFS.
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| 47 | The only reason to rebuild it here is if optional modules
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| 48 | are needed.</para></note>
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| 49 |
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| 50 | &lfs90_checked;
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| 51 |
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| 52 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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| 53 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 54 | <listitem>
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| 55 | <para>
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| 56 | Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&python3-download-http;"/>
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| 57 | </para>
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| 58 | </listitem>
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| 59 | <listitem>
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| 60 | <para>
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| 61 | Download (FTP): <ulink url="&python3-download-ftp;"/>
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| 62 | </para>
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| 63 | </listitem>
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| 64 | <listitem>
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| 65 | <para>
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| 66 | Download MD5 sum: &python3-md5sum;
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| 67 | </para>
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| 68 | </listitem>
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| 69 | <listitem>
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| 70 | <para>
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| 71 | Download size: &python3-size;
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| 72 | </para>
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| 73 | </listitem>
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| 74 | <listitem>
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| 75 | <para>
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| 76 | Estimated disk space required: &python3-buildsize;
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| 77 | </para>
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| 78 | </listitem>
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| 79 | <listitem>
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| 80 | <para>
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| 81 | Estimated build time: &python3-time;
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| 82 | </para>
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| 83 | </listitem>
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| 84 | </itemizedlist>
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| 85 |
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| 86 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Python 3 Dependencies</bridgehead>
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| 87 |
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| 88 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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| 89 | <para role="optional">
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| 90 | <xref linkend="bluez"/>,
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| 91 | <xref linkend="gdb"/> (required for some tests),
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| 92 | <xref linkend="valgrind"/>, and
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| 93 | <ulink url="http://www.bytereef.org/mpdecimal">libmpcdec</ulink>
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| 94 | </para>
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| 95 |
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| 96 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional (For Additional Modules)</bridgehead>
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| 97 | <para role="optional">
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| 98 | <xref linkend="db"/>,
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| 99 | <xref linkend="sqlite"/>, and
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| 100 | <xref linkend="tk"/>
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| 101 | </para>
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| 102 |
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| 103 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
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| 104 | <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/Python3"/>
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| 105 | </para>
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| 106 | </sect2>
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| 107 |
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| 108 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 109 | <title>Installation of Python 3</title>
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| 110 |
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| 111 | <para>
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| 112 | Install <application>Python 3</application> by running the following
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| 113 | commands:
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| 114 | </para>
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| 115 |
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| 116 | <screen><userinput>CXX="/usr/bin/g++" \
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| 117 | ./configure --prefix=/usr \
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| 118 | --enable-shared \
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| 119 | --with-system-expat \
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| 120 | --with-system-ffi \
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| 121 | --with-ensurepip=yes &&
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| 122 | make</userinput></screen>
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| 123 |
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| 124 | <para>
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| 125 | The test suite must be run separately, using an X terminal (see below).
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| 126 | </para>
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| 127 |
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| 128 | <para>
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| 129 | Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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| 130 | </para>
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| 131 |
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| 132 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install &&
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| 133 | chmod -v 755 /usr/lib/libpython&python3-majorver;m.so &&
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| 134 | chmod -v 755 /usr/lib/libpython3.so</userinput></screen>
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| 135 |
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| 136 | <para>
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| 137 | The test suite must be run separately from the build, either before or
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| 138 | after the package is built and installed. Do not run
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| 139 | <command>make install</command> after running the test suite. To build
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| 140 | and install the package, you need to start with a fresh or clean source
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| 141 | tree. For the tests, you also need a clean source code, so either start by
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| 142 | removing the source code directory and starting over, by uncompressing
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| 143 | the source tarball or by running <command>make clean</command>. Then
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| 144 | configure again, adding <quote>--with-pydebug</quote> to the
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| 145 | <command>configure</command> switches above, run <command>make</command>,
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| 146 | then <command>make test</command>. Remember that tests must be executed
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| 147 | using an X terminal.
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| 148 | The test SBU highly depends on the speed of the internet connection.
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| 149 | </para>
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| 150 |
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| 151 | </sect2>
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| 152 |
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| 153 | <sect2 role="commands">
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| 154 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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| 155 |
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| 156 | <para>
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| 157 | <command> CXX="/usr/bin/g++" ./configure ...</command>: Avoid an annoying
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| 158 | message during configuration.
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| 159 | </para>
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| 160 |
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| 161 | <para>
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| 162 | <parameter>--with-system-expat</parameter>: This switch enables linking
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| 163 | against the system version of <application>Expat</application>.
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| 164 | </para>
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| 165 |
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| 166 | <para>
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| 167 | <parameter>--with-system-ffi</parameter>: This switch enables linking
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| 168 | against system version of <application>libffi</application>.
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| 169 | </para>
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| 170 |
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| 171 | <para>
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| 172 | <parameter>--with-ensurepip=yes</parameter> : This switch enables building
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| 173 | <command>pip</command> and <command>setuptools</command> packaging programs.
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| 174 | <command>setuptools</command> is needed for building some Python modules.
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| 175 | </para>
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| 176 |
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| 177 | <para>
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| 178 | <option>--with-dbmliborder=bdb:gdbm:ndbm</option>: Use this switch
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| 179 | if you want to build <application>Python</application> DBM Module
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| 180 | against <application>Berkeley DB</application> instead of
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| 181 | <application>GDBM</application>.
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| 182 | </para>
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| 183 |
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| 184 | <para>
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| 185 | <option>--enable-optimization</option>: Use this switch
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| 186 | if you want to enable <emphasis>expensive</emphasis> optimizations (i.e.
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| 187 | Profile Guided Optimizations). This adds around 20 SBU, but can
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| 188 | <emphasis>slightly</emphasis> speed up some uses, such as using
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| 189 | <application>Sphinx</application> for creating documentation, or use of
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| 190 | <application>Python3</application> scripts.
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| 191 | </para>
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| 192 |
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| 193 | <para>
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| 194 | <option>--with-lto</option>: This optional switch enables thick Link
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| 195 | Time Optimization. Unusually, it creates a much larger <filename
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| 196 | class="libraryfile">/usr/lib/python3.7/config-3.7m-x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.7m.a</filename>
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| 197 | with a small increase in the time to compile
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| 198 | <application>Python</application>. Run-time results do not appear to show
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| 199 | any benefit from doing this.
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| 200 | </para>
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| 201 |
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| 202 | <para>
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| 203 | <command>chmod ...</command>: Fix permissions for shared libraries to be
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| 204 | consistent with other libraries.
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| 205 | </para>
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| 206 |
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| 207 | </sect2>
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| 208 |
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| 209 | <sect2 role="configuration">
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| 210 | <title>Configuring Python 3</title>
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| 211 |
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| 212 | <para>
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| 213 | In order for <command>python3</command> to find the installed
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| 214 | documentation, create the following version independent symlink:
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| 215 | </para>
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| 216 |
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| 217 | <screen role="root"><userinput>ln -svfn python-&python3-version; /usr/share/doc/python-3</userinput></screen>
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| 218 |
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| 219 | <para>
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| 220 | and add the following environment variable to the individual user's or
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| 221 | system's profile:
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| 222 | </para>
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| 223 |
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| 224 | <screen role="root"><userinput>export PYTHONDOCS=/usr/share/doc/python-3/html</userinput></screen>
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| 225 |
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| 226 | </sect2>
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| 227 |
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| 228 | <sect2 role="content">
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| 229 | <title>Contents</title>
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| 230 |
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| 231 | <segmentedlist>
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| 232 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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| 233 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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| 234 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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| 235 |
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| 236 | <seglistitem>
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| 237 | <seg>
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| 238 | 2to3 (symlink),
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| 239 | 2to3-&python3-majorver;,
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| 240 |
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| 241 | idle3 (symlink), and
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| 242 | idle&python3-majorver;
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| 243 |
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| 244 | pydoc3 (symlink),
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| 245 | pydoc&python3-majorver;,
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| 246 |
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| 247 | python3 (symlink);
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| 248 | python&python3-majorver; and python&python3-majorver;m (hardlinked);
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| 249 |
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| 250 | python3-config (symlink),
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| 251 | python&python3-majorver;-config (symlink),
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| 252 | python&python3-majorver;m-config,
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| 253 |
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| 254 | pyvenv (symlink),
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| 255 | pyvenv-&python3-majorver;,
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| 256 | </seg>
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| 257 | <seg>
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| 258 | libpython&python3-majorver;m.so and libpython3.so
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| 259 | </seg>
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| 260 | <seg>
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| 261 | /usr/include/python&python3-majorver;m,
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| 262 | /usr/lib/python&python3-majorver;, and
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| 263 | /usr/share/doc/python-&python3-version;
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| 264 | </seg>
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| 265 | </seglistitem>
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| 266 | </segmentedlist>
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| 267 |
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| 268 | <variablelist>
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| 269 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 270 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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| 271 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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| 272 |
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| 273 | <varlistentry id="idle3">
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| 274 | <term><command>idle3</command></term>
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| 275 | <listitem>
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| 276 | <para>
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| 277 | is a wrapper script that opens a <application>Python</application>
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| 278 | aware GUI editor. For this script to run, you must have installed
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| 279 | <application>Tk</application> before Python so that the Tkinter
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| 280 | Python module is built.
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| 281 | </para>
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| 282 | <indexterm zone="python3 idle3">
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| 283 | <primary sortas="b-idle3">idle3</primary>
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| 284 | </indexterm>
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| 285 | </listitem>
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| 286 | </varlistentry>
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| 287 |
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| 288 | <varlistentry id="pydoc3">
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| 289 | <term><command>pydoc3</command></term>
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| 290 | <listitem>
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| 291 | <para>
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| 292 | is the <application>Python</application> documentation
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| 293 | tool.
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| 294 | </para>
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| 295 | <indexterm zone="python3 pydoc3">
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| 296 | <primary sortas="b-pydoc3">pydo3c</primary>
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| 297 | </indexterm>
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| 298 | </listitem>
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| 299 | </varlistentry>
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| 300 |
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| 301 | <varlistentry id="python3-prog">
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| 302 | <term><command>python3</command></term>
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| 303 | <listitem>
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| 304 | <para>
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| 305 | is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming
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| 306 | language.
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| 307 | </para>
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| 308 | <indexterm zone="python3 python3-prog">
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| 309 | <primary sortas="b-python3">python3</primary>
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| 310 | </indexterm>
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| 311 | </listitem>
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| 312 | </varlistentry>
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| 313 |
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| 314 | <varlistentry id="python-ver">
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| 315 | <term><command>python&python3-majorver;</command></term>
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| 316 | <listitem>
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| 317 | <para>
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| 318 | is a version-specific name for the <command>python</command>
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| 319 | program.
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| 320 | </para>
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| 321 | <indexterm zone="python3 python-ver">
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| 322 | <primary
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| 323 | sortas="b-python&python3-majorver;">python&python3-majorver;</primary>
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| 324 | </indexterm>
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| 325 | </listitem>
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| 326 | </varlistentry>
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| 327 |
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| 328 | <varlistentry id="pyvenv">
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| 329 | <term><command>pyvenv</command></term>
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| 330 | <listitem>
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| 331 | <para>
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| 332 | creates virtual <application>Python</application> environments in
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| 333 | one or more target directories.
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| 334 | </para>
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| 335 | <indexterm zone="python3 pyvenv">
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| 336 | <primary
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| 337 | sortas="b-python&python3-majorver;">python&python3-majorver;</primary>
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| 338 | </indexterm>
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| 339 | </listitem>
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| 340 | </varlistentry>
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| 341 |
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| 342 | </variablelist>
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| 343 |
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| 344 | </sect2>
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| 345 |
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| 346 | </sect1>
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