[03d537cd] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 |
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[8d0270d1] | 7 | <!ENTITY rust-download-http "https://static.rust-lang.org/dist/rustc-&rust-version;-src.tar.xz">
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[d9bcc5f] | 8 | <!ENTITY rust-download-ftp " ">
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[bf4b5fc] | 9 | <!ENTITY rust-md5sum "e77ac3a786d013604061b17f99dd9b27">
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| 10 | <!ENTITY rust-size "131 MB">
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[25997c4a] | 11 | <!-- Gentle Reminder: buildsize is how much the user requires for the real
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| 12 | install, i.e. the source with its DESTDIR *plus* the DESTDIR. You
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| 13 | can 'mkdir /tmp/RUST ; cp -a install/* /tmp/RUST' and then run 'du -sch'
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[8cb68bb1] | 14 | to measure it, or du -sm to look at the size of the build tree before and
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| 15 | after the tests. -->
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[4e207bb] | 16 |
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[bf4b5fc] | 17 | <!ENTITY rust-buildsize "10 GB (516 MB installed) including 266 MB of ~/.cargo files for the user building this. Add 6.2 GB including extra 243 MB of ~/.cargo files if running the tests">
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[87065037] | 18 | <!ENTITY rust-time "21 SBU (including download time; add 10 SBU for tests, both on a 4-core machine)">
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[03d537cd] | 19 | ]>
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| 20 |
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| 21 | <sect1 id="rust" xreflabel="rustc-&rust-version;">
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| 22 | <?dbhtml filename="rust.html"?>
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| 23 |
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| 24 | <sect1info>
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| 25 | <date>$Date$</date>
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| 26 | </sect1info>
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| 27 |
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| 28 | <title>Rustc-&rust-version;</title>
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| 29 |
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| 30 | <indexterm zone="rust">
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| 31 | <primary sortas="a-rust">Rust</primary>
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| 32 | </indexterm>
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| 33 |
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| 34 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 35 | <title>Introduction to Rust</title>
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| 36 | <para>
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| 37 | The <application>Rust</application> programming language is designed
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| 38 | to be a safe, concurrent, practical language.
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| 39 | </para>
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| 40 |
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[25997c4a] | 41 | <para>
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| 42 | This package is updated on a six-weekly release cycle. Because it is
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[ec2353a] | 43 | such a large and slow package to build, is at the moment only required
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| 44 | by a few packages in this book, and particularly because newer versions
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| 45 | tend to break older mozilla packages, the BLFS editors take the view that
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| 46 | it should only be updated when that is necessary (either to fix problems,
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| 47 | or to allow a new version of a package to build).
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[25997c4a] | 48 | </para>
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| 49 |
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[03d537cd] | 50 | <para>
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| 51 | As with many other programming languages, rustc (the rust compiler)
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[a7b1bddc] | 52 | needs a binary from which to bootstrap. It will download a stage0 binary
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| 53 | and many cargo crates (these are actually .tar.gz source archives) at
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[03d537cd] | 54 | the start of the build, so you cannot compile it without an internet
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| 55 | connection.
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| 56 | </para>
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| 57 |
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[25997c4a] | 58 | <para>
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| 59 | These crates will then remain in various forms (cache, directories of
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| 60 | extracted source), in <filename class="directory">~/.cargo</filename> for
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| 61 | ever more. It is common for large <application>rust</application> packages
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| 62 | to use multiple versions of some crates. If you purge the files before
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| 63 | updating this package, very few crates will need to be updated by the
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| 64 | packages in this book which use it (and they will be downloaded as
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| 65 | required). But if you retain an older version as a fallback option and
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[b05ea0b] | 66 | then use it (when <emphasis>not</emphasis> building in
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[25997c4a] | 67 | <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>), it is likely that it will
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[b05ea0b] | 68 | then have to re-download some crates. For a full download (i.e. starting
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[25997c4a] | 69 | with an empty or missing <filename class="directory">~/.cargo</filename>)
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| 70 | downloading the external cargo files for this version only takes a minute
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| 71 | or so on a fast network.
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| 72 | </para>
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| 73 |
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| 74 | <note>
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| 75 | <para>
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[d396c65] | 76 | Although BLFS usually installs in <filename
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| 77 | class="directory">/usr</filename>, when you later upgrade to a newer
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| 78 | version of <application>rust</application> the old libraries in <filename
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| 79 | class="directory">/usr/lib/rustlib</filename> will remain, with various
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| 80 | hashes in their names, but will not be usable and will waste space. The
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| 81 | editors recommend placing the files in the <filename
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| 82 | class="directory">/opt</filename> directory. In particular, if you
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| 83 | have reason to rebuild with a modified configuration (e.g. using the
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[e7c8506a] | 84 | shipped LLVM after building with shared LLVM, perhaps to compile crates
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[ca97a2a] | 85 | for architectures which the BLFS LLVM build does not support)
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[e7c8506a] | 86 | it is possible for the install to leave a broken
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[d396c65] | 87 | <command>cargo</command> program. In such a situation, either remove
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| 88 | the existing installation first, or use a different prefix such as
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| 89 | /opt/rustc-&rust-version;-build2.
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[25997c4a] | 90 | </para>
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[b05ea0b] | 91 |
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| 92 | <para>
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[d396c65] | 93 | If you prefer, you can of course change the prefix to <filename
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| 94 | class="directory">/usr</filename> and omit the
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| 95 | <command>ldconfig</command> and the actions to add rustc to the PATH.
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[b05ea0b] | 96 | </para>
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[25997c4a] | 97 | </note>
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| 98 |
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[03d537cd] | 99 | <para>
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| 100 | The current <application>rustbuild</application> build-system will use
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[bf5fb94] | 101 | all processors, although it does not scale well and often falls
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[03d537cd] | 102 | back to just using one core while waiting for a library to compile.
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[5ce1bdb] | 103 | However it can be mostly limited to a specified number of processors by
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| 104 | a combination of adding the switch <literal>--jobs <N></literal>
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| 105 | (e.g. '--jobs 4' to limit to 4 processors) on each invocation of
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| 106 | <command>python3 ./x.py</command> <emphasis>and</emphasis> using an
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| 107 | environment variable <envar>CARGO_BUILD_JOBS=<N></envar>. At the
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| 108 | moment this is not effective when some of the rustc tests are run.
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[03d537cd] | 109 | </para>
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| 110 |
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[bf5fb94] | 111 | <para>
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| 112 | The current version of rust's num_cpus crate now recognizes that cgroups
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| 113 | can be used to restrict which processors it is allowed to use. So if your
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| 114 | machine lacks DRAM (typically, less than 2GB DRAM per core) that might be
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| 115 | an alternative to taking CPUs offline.
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| 116 | <phrase revision="sysv">In sysv systems cgroups requires <ulink
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| 117 | url="https://sourceforge.net/projects/libcg/">libcgroup</ulink>.</phrase>
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[ed2176e5] | 118 | <phrase revision="systemd">That can be achieved by using
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| 119 | <command>systemd-run</command> command with
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| 120 | <parameter>-p User=$(whoami)</parameter> and
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| 121 | <parameter>-p AllowedCPUs=0-<replaceable>x</replaceable></parameter>
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| 122 | (with <replaceable>x</replaceable> replaced with the number of CPU
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| 123 | cores you want to use minus one) options.</phrase>
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[bf5fb94] | 124 | </para>
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| 125 |
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[03d537cd] | 126 | <para>
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| 127 | At the moment <application>Rust</application> does not provide any
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[4c6edac] | 128 | guarantees of a stable ABI.
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[03d537cd] | 129 | </para>
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| 130 |
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[326f830] | 131 | <note>
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[7d259126] | 132 | <para>
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| 133 | Rustc defaults to building for ALL supported architectures, using a
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[4f8ca94] | 134 | shipped copy of LLVM. In BLFS the build is only for the X86
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[925dbb2a] | 135 | architecture.
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[d396c65] | 136 | If you intend to develop rust crates, this build may not be good
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[b05ea0b] | 137 | enough for your purposes.
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[7d259126] | 138 | </para>
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[326f830] | 139 | <para>
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[4f9e45d9] | 140 | The build times of this version when repeated on the same machine are
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| 141 | often reasonably consistent, but as with all compilations using
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| 142 | <command>rustc</command> there can be some very slow outliers.
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[326f830] | 143 | </para>
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| 144 | <para>
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[bb0652ca] | 145 | Unusually, a DESTDIR-style method is being used to install this package.
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| 146 | This is because running the install as root not only downloads all of the
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[a7b1bddc] | 147 | cargo files again (to <filename>/root/.cargo</filename>), it then spends
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[7d259126] | 148 | a very long time recompiling. Using this method saves a lot of time, at
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| 149 | the cost of extra disk space.
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[326f830] | 150 | </para>
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| 151 | </note>
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| 152 |
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[aa0b625] | 153 | &lfs112_checked;
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[03d537cd] | 154 |
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| 155 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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| 156 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 157 | <listitem>
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| 158 | <para>
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| 159 | Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&rust-download-http;"/>
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| 160 | </para>
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| 161 | </listitem>
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| 162 | <listitem>
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| 163 | <para>
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| 164 | Download (FTP): <ulink url="&rust-download-ftp;"/>
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| 165 | </para>
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| 166 | </listitem>
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| 167 | <listitem>
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| 168 | <para>
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| 169 | Download MD5 sum: &rust-md5sum;
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| 170 | </para>
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| 171 | </listitem>
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| 172 | <listitem>
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| 173 | <para>
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| 174 | Download size: &rust-size;
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| 175 | </para>
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| 176 | </listitem>
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| 177 | <listitem>
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| 178 | <para>
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| 179 | Estimated disk space required: &rust-buildsize;
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| 180 | </para>
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| 181 | </listitem>
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| 182 | <listitem>
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| 183 | <para>
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| 184 | Estimated build time: &rust-time;
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| 185 | </para>
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| 186 | </listitem>
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| 187 | </itemizedlist>
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| 188 |
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[ec2353a] | 189 | <!--<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
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[d7e8f67] | 190 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 191 | <listitem>
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| 192 | <para>
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| 193 | Required patch:
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| 194 | <ulink url="&patch-root;/rustc-&rust-version;-llvm9_fixes-1.patch"/>
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| 195 | </para>
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| 196 | </listitem>
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[ec2353a] | 197 | </itemizedlist>-->
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[d7e8f67] | 198 |
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[03d537cd] | 199 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Rust Dependencies</bridgehead>
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| 200 |
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| 201 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
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| 202 | <para role="required">
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| 203 | <xref linkend="curl"/>,
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[4f8ca94] | 204 | <xref linkend="cmake"/>, and
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| 205 | <xref linkend="libssh2"/>
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[03d537cd] | 206 | </para>
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| 207 |
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[69d1a8e] | 208 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Recommended</bridgehead>
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[a7b1bddc] | 209 | <para role="recommended">
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[0daaefc8] | 210 | <xref linkend="llvm"/>
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[4f9e45d9] | 211 | (built with -DLLVM_LINK_LLVM_DYLIB=ON so that rust can link to
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[741231d] | 212 | system LLVM instead of building its shipped version)
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[69d1a8e] | 213 | </para>
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[a7b1bddc] | 214 |
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[03d537cd] | 215 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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| 216 | <para role="optional">
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[bf5fb94] | 217 | <xref linkend="gdb"/> (used by the testsuite if it is present)
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[03d537cd] | 218 | </para>
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| 219 |
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| 220 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">
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| 221 | User Notes: <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/rust"/>
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| 222 | </para>
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| 223 | </sect2>
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| 224 |
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| 225 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 226 | <title>Installation of Rust</title>
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| 227 |
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[bf4b5fc] | 228 | <note>
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| 229 | <para>
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| 230 | Currently Rust compiler produces SSE2 instructions for 32-bit x86,
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| 231 | causing the generated code broken on 32-bit systems without a
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| 232 | SSE2-capable processor. All x86 processor models released after
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| 233 | 2004 should be SSE2-capable. Run
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| 234 | <command>lscpu | grep sse2</command> as a test. If it outputs
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| 235 | anything, your CPU is SSE2-capable and OK. Otherwise you may try
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| 236 | to build this package <emphasis>on a SSE2-capable system</emphasis>
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| 237 | with the following fix applied:
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| 238 | </para>
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| 239 |
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| 240 | <!-- computeroutput used deliberately to stop anyone from copying
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| 241 | blindly -->
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| 242 | <screen role="nodump"><computeroutput>sed 's@pentium4@pentiumpro@' -i \
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| 243 | compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/i686_unknown_linux_gnu.rs</computeroutput></screen>
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| 244 |
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| 245 | <para>
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| 246 | And copy the resulting
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| 247 | <filename class="directory">/opt/rustc-&rust-version;</filename>
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| 248 | to the system without SSE2 capability. But this change is still
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| 249 | under upstream review and not tested by BLFS editors.
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| 250 | </para>
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| 251 | </note>
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| 252 |
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[03d537cd] | 253 | <para>
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[d396c65] | 254 | To install into the
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| 255 | <filename class="directory">/opt</filename> directory, remove the symlink
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| 256 | and create a new directory (i.e. with a different name if trying a
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| 257 | modified build).
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[4f9e45d9] | 258 | As the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
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[b05ea0b] | 259 | user:
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| 260 | </para>
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| 261 |
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[d396c65] | 262 | <screen role="root"><userinput>mkdir /opt/rustc-&rust-version; &&
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[0bc808c] | 263 | ln -svfn rustc-&rust-version; /opt/rustc</userinput></screen>
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[b05ea0b] | 264 |
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| 265 | <note>
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| 266 | <para>
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| 267 | If multiple versions of <application>Rust</application> are installed
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| 268 | in <filename class="directory">/opt</filename>, changing to another
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| 269 | version only requires changing the <filename> /opt/rustc</filename>
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| 270 | symbolic link and then running <command>ldconfig</command>.
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| 271 | </para>
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| 272 | </note>
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| 273 |
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| 274 | <para>
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| 275 | Create a suitable <filename>config.toml</filename> file which will
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[4f9e45d9] | 276 | configure the build.
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[4c6edac] | 277 | </para>
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| 278 |
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[272f28b] | 279 | <screen><userinput>cat << EOF > config.toml
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[51dfb3e] | 280 | <literal># see config.toml.example for more possible options
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[69d1a8e] | 281 | # See the 8.4 book for an example using shipped LLVM
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| 282 | # e.g. if not installing clang, or using a version before 10.0
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[4c6edac] | 283 | [llvm]
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[4f9e45d9] | 284 | # by default, rust will build for a myriad of architectures
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[25997c4a] | 285 | targets = "X86"
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[4f9e45d9] | 286 |
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[7f057ac] | 287 | # When using system llvm prefer shared libraries
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| 288 | link-shared = true
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| 289 |
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[4c6edac] | 290 | [build]
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[4f9e45d9] | 291 | # omit docs to save time and space (default is to build them)
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[25997c4a] | 292 | docs = false
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| 293 |
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[4c6edac] | 294 | # install cargo as well as rust
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| 295 | extended = true
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| 296 |
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| 297 | [install]
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[ff803c4] | 298 | prefix = "/opt/rustc-&rust-version;"
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| 299 | docdir = "share/doc/rustc-&rust-version;"
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[326f830] | 300 |
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| 301 | [rust]
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[4c6edac] | 302 | channel = "stable"
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[326f830] | 303 | rpath = false
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[a7b1bddc] | 304 |
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| 305 | # BLFS does not install the FileCheck executable from llvm,
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| 306 | # so disable codegen tests
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| 307 | codegen-tests = false
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| 308 |
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[0f7f7c9] | 309 | [target.x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu]
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| 310 | # NB the output of llvm-config (i.e. help options) may be
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| 311 | # dumped to the screen when config.toml is parsed.
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| 312 | llvm-config = "/usr/bin/llvm-config"
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| 313 |
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| 314 | [target.i686-unknown-linux-gnu]
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| 315 | # NB the output of llvm-config (i.e. help options) may be
|
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| 316 | # dumped to the screen when config.toml is parsed.
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| 317 | llvm-config = "/usr/bin/llvm-config"
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| 318 |
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[51dfb3e] | 319 | </literal>
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[4c6edac] | 320 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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| 321 |
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[ec2353a] | 322 | <!--<para>
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[d7e8f67] | 323 | Adapt rustc to allow it to build and function with the changes in LLVM-9:
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| 324 | </para>
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| 325 |
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[ec2353a] | 326 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../rustc-&rust-version;-llvm9_fixes-1.patch</userinput></screen>-->
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[d7e8f67] | 327 |
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[4c6edac] | 328 | <para>
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[ec2353a] | 329 | Compile <application>Rust</application> by running the following
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[03d537cd] | 330 | commands:
|
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| 331 | </para>
|
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| 332 |
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[ca97a2a] | 333 | <!-- fixed in 1.58.0, retain as a reminder that fixed crates can be used
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[e7c8506a] | 334 | <screen><userinput>sed -i -e '/^curl /s/0.4.38/0.4.40/' \
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| 335 | -e '/^curl-sys /s/0.4.48/0.4.50/' \
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[ca97a2a] | 336 | src/tools/cargo/Cargo.toml && -->
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[e7c8506a] | 337 |
|
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[ca97a2a] | 338 | <screen><userinput>export RUSTFLAGS="$RUSTFLAGS -C link-args=-lffi" &&
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[4f8ca94] | 339 | python3 ./x.py build --exclude src/tools/miri</userinput></screen>
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[a7b1bddc] | 340 |
|
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[6bcd464] | 341 | <note>
|
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[a7b1bddc] | 342 | <para>
|
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[6bcd464] | 343 | The testsuite will generate some messages in the
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[a7b1bddc] | 344 | <phrase revision="sysv">system log</phrase>
|
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| 345 | <phrase revision="systemd">systemd journal</phrase>
|
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[6bcd464] | 346 | for traps on invalid opcodes, and for segmentation faults.
|
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[25997c4a] | 347 | In themselves these are nothing to worry about, just a way for the
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[4f9e45d9] | 348 | test to be terminated.
|
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[a7b1bddc] | 349 | </para>
|
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[6bcd464] | 350 | </note>
|
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[a7b1bddc] | 351 |
|
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[03d537cd] | 352 | <para>
|
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[4f8ca94] | 353 | To run the tests issue <command>python3 ./x.py test --verbose
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| 354 | --no-fail-fast | tee rustc-testlog</command>: as with the build, that
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| 355 | will use all available CPUs.
|
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[03d537cd] | 356 | </para>
|
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| 357 |
|
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| 358 | <para>
|
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[bf4b5fc] | 359 | At a minimum, 51 tests will fail: all 46 of the tests in
|
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[ca97a2a] | 360 | the <quote>assembly</quote> suite which are not skipped (various lints
|
---|
| 361 | cause the warnings in these tests to be treated as errors), and
|
---|
[bf4b5fc] | 362 | 5 other tests, 4 of which involve the
|
---|
| 363 | <filename>rustdoc-ui/issue-98690.rs</filename> file, and another one,
|
---|
| 364 | <filename>run-make-fulldeps/long-linker-command-lines</filename>.
|
---|
[ca97a2a] | 365 | <!-- If <command>gdb</command> is installed, another failure
|
---|
[3e8c126] | 366 | (debuginfo/function-names.rs) can be expected.
|
---|
[ca97a2a] | 367 | # seems ok with 11.2 ken -->
|
---|
[925dbb2a] | 368 | </para>
|
---|
| 369 |
|
---|
| 370 | <para>
|
---|
| 371 | As with all large testsuites, other tests might fail on some machines -
|
---|
| 372 | if the number of additional failures is in the single digits,
|
---|
[ca97a2a] | 373 | check the log for 'failures:' and review lines above that, particularly the
|
---|
[4f9e45d9] | 374 | 'stderr:' lines. Any mention of
|
---|
[4cc77fbd] | 375 | SIGSEGV or signal 11 in a failing test is a cause for concern.
|
---|
[25997c4a] | 376 | </para>
|
---|
| 377 |
|
---|
[b6ff745e] | 378 | <para>
|
---|
[69d1a8e] | 379 | If you get any <emphasis>other</emphasis> failing test which reports an
|
---|
| 380 | issue number then you should search for that issue. For example, when
|
---|
[bf5fb94] | 381 | rustc >= 1.41.1 was built with a version of sysllvm before 10.0 the test
|
---|
[925dbb2a] | 382 | for issue 69225 failed <ulink
|
---|
[69d1a8e] | 383 | url="https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/69225"/> and that should be
|
---|
[0f7f7c9] | 384 | regarded as a critical failure (they released 1.41.1 because of it).
|
---|
[69d1a8e] | 385 | Most other failures will not be critical.
|
---|
| 386 | </para>
|
---|
| 387 |
|
---|
| 388 | <para>
|
---|
[bf5fb94] | 389 | Therefore, you should determine the number of failures.
|
---|
| 390 | </para>
|
---|
| 391 |
|
---|
| 392 | <!--
|
---|
| 393 | The total number
|
---|
[69d1a8e] | 394 | of tests varies depending on which dependencies are present, e.g. more
|
---|
| 395 | will be run if <command>gdb</command> is available. If you wish, the
|
---|
| 396 | total number which were considered can be found if you run:
|
---|
[03d537cd] | 397 | </para>
|
---|
| 398 |
|
---|
[bf5fb94] | 399 | <screen remap="test"><userinput>egrep 'running [[:digit:]]+ test' rustc-testlog | awk '{ sum += $2 } END { print sum }'</userinput></screen>-->
|
---|
[4c6edac] | 400 |
|
---|
[03d537cd] | 401 | <para>
|
---|
[bf5fb94] | 402 | The number of tests which failed can be found by running:
|
---|
[03d537cd] | 403 | </para>
|
---|
| 404 |
|
---|
[e7d4e823] | 405 | <screen remap="test"><userinput>grep '^test result:' rustc-testlog | awk '{ sum += $6 } END { print sum }'</userinput></screen>
|
---|
[03d537cd] | 406 |
|
---|
[4c6edac] | 407 | <para>
|
---|
[69d1a8e] | 408 | And similarly if you care about how many tests passed use $4, for those
|
---|
| 409 | which were ignored (i.e. skipped) use $8 (and $10 for 'measured', $12 for
|
---|
| 410 | 'filtered out' but both are probably zero).
|
---|
[4c6edac] | 411 | </para>
|
---|
| 412 |
|
---|
| 413 | <para>
|
---|
[a7b1bddc] | 414 | Still as your normal user, do a DESTDIR install:
|
---|
[4c6edac] | 415 | </para>
|
---|
| 416 |
|
---|
[fb940713] | 417 | <screen><userinput>export LIBSSH2_SYS_USE_PKG_CONFIG=1 &&
|
---|
[4f8ca94] | 418 | DESTDIR=${PWD}/install python3 ./x.py install &&
|
---|
[fb940713] | 419 | unset LIBSSH2_SYS_USE_PKG_CONFIG</userinput></screen>
|
---|
[a7b1bddc] | 420 |
|
---|
| 421 | <para>
|
---|
| 422 | Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user
|
---|
| 423 | install the files from the DESTDIR:
|
---|
| 424 | </para>
|
---|
| 425 |
|
---|
[bb0652ca] | 426 | <screen role="root"><userinput>chown -R root:root install &&
|
---|
| 427 | cp -a install/* /</userinput></screen>
|
---|
[a7b1bddc] | 428 |
|
---|
[03d537cd] | 429 | </sect2>
|
---|
| 430 |
|
---|
| 431 | <sect2 role="commands">
|
---|
| 432 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
|
---|
| 433 |
|
---|
| 434 | <para>
|
---|
[d396c65] | 435 | <command>ln -svfn rustc-&rust-version; /opt/rustc</command>: if this is
|
---|
| 436 | not the first use of the <filename class="directory">/opt/rustc</filename>
|
---|
| 437 | symlink, overwrite it by forcing, and use the '-n' flag to avoid getting
|
---|
| 438 | confusing results from e.g. <command>ls -l</command>.
|
---|
| 439 | </para>
|
---|
| 440 |
|
---|
| 441 | <para>
|
---|
[4c6edac] | 442 | <command>targets = "X86"</command>: this avoids building all the available
|
---|
[a7b1bddc] | 443 | linux cross-compilers (Aarch64, MIPS, PowerPC, SystemZ, etc). Unfortunately,
|
---|
| 444 | rust insists on installing source files for these below
|
---|
[21699c7e] | 445 | <filename class="directory">/opt/rustc/lib/src</filename>.
|
---|
[03d537cd] | 446 | </para>
|
---|
| 447 |
|
---|
| 448 | <para>
|
---|
[4c6edac] | 449 | <command>extended = true</command>: this installs Cargo alongside Rust.
|
---|
[03d537cd] | 450 | </para>
|
---|
| 451 |
|
---|
| 452 | <para>
|
---|
[4c6edac] | 453 | <command>channel = "stable"</command>: this ensures only stable features
|
---|
| 454 | can be used, the default in <filename>config.toml</filename> is to use
|
---|
| 455 | development features, which is not appropriate for a released version.
|
---|
[03d537cd] | 456 | </para>
|
---|
| 457 |
|
---|
[326f830] | 458 | <para>
|
---|
| 459 | <command>rpath = false</command>: by default, <command>rust</command> can
|
---|
| 460 | be run from where it was built, without being installed. That adds DT_RPATH
|
---|
| 461 | entries to all of the ELF files, which produces very messy output from
|
---|
| 462 | <command>ldd</command>, showing the libraries in the place they were built,
|
---|
| 463 | even if they have been deleted from there after the install.
|
---|
| 464 | </para>
|
---|
| 465 |
|
---|
[5f1b4b5] | 466 | <!-- comment while using shipped LLVM -->
|
---|
[a7b1bddc] | 467 | <para>
|
---|
| 468 | <command>[target.x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu]</command>: the syntax of
|
---|
| 469 | <filename>config.toml</filename> requires an <literal>llvm-config</literal>
|
---|
| 470 | entry for each target for which system-llvm is to be used. Change the target
|
---|
| 471 | to <literal>[target.i686-unknown-linux-gnu]</literal> if you are building
|
---|
| 472 | on 32-bit x86. This whole section may be omitted if you wish to build
|
---|
| 473 | against the shipped llvm, or do not have clang, but the resulting build will
|
---|
[7d259126] | 474 | be larger and take longer.
|
---|
[5f1b4b5] | 475 | </para>
|
---|
[a7b1bddc] | 476 |
|
---|
[ca97a2a] | 477 | <!--<para>
|
---|
[e7c8506a] | 478 | <command>sed -i -e '/^curl /s/0.4.38/0.4.40/' ... </command>: two crates
|
---|
| 479 | normally downloaded for this release do not correctly initialise
|
---|
| 480 | <application>curl</application> if using
|
---|
| 481 | <application>openssl-3.0.0</application>. Upstream has fixed that for a
|
---|
| 482 | future release, this sed causes the fixed versions to be used.
|
---|
[ca97a2a] | 483 | </para>-->
|
---|
[e7c8506a] | 484 |
|
---|
[bb0652ca] | 485 | <para>
|
---|
| 486 | <command>export RUSTFLAGS="$RUSTFLAGS -C link-args=-lffi"</command>:
|
---|
| 487 | This adds a link to libffi to any RUSTFLAGS you may already be passing
|
---|
| 488 | to the build. On some systems, linking fails to include libffi unless
|
---|
| 489 | this is used. The reason why this is needed is not clear.
|
---|
| 490 | </para>
|
---|
| 491 |
|
---|
[25997c4a] | 492 | <para>
|
---|
| 493 | <command>--exclude src/tools/miri</command>: For a long time, the miri
|
---|
| 494 | crate (an interpreter for the Midlevel Intermediate Representation)
|
---|
| 495 | has failed to build on releases. It is optional, but the failure
|
---|
[4f9e45d9] | 496 | messages can persuade people that the whole build failed. However,
|
---|
| 497 | although it is not built in the main compile, with rustc-1.35.0 it
|
---|
[925dbb2a] | 498 | now got compiled during the install, but it was broken in that version.
|
---|
[4f9e45d9] | 499 | <!-- might be unbroken in 1.36.0, if so remove broken from description
|
---|
| 500 | of miri below. https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/61830 -->
|
---|
[bf4b5fc] | 501 | Omitting it should save a little time. Even if this switch is
|
---|
| 502 | not given, miri is not installed.
|
---|
[25997c4a] | 503 | </para>
|
---|
| 504 |
|
---|
[03d537cd] | 505 | <para>
|
---|
[4c6edac] | 506 | <command>--verbose</command>: this switch can sometimes provide more
|
---|
| 507 | information about a test which fails.
|
---|
[03d537cd] | 508 | </para>
|
---|
[4c6edac] | 509 |
|
---|
| 510 | <para>
|
---|
| 511 | <command>--no-fail-fast</command>: this switch ensures that the testsuite
|
---|
| 512 | will not stop at the first error.
|
---|
| 513 | </para>
|
---|
| 514 |
|
---|
[fb940713] | 515 | <para>
|
---|
| 516 | <command>export LIBSSH2_SYS_USE_PKG_CONFIG=1</command>: On some systems,
|
---|
| 517 | cairo fails to link during the install because it cannot find libssh2.
|
---|
| 518 | This seems to fix it, but again the reason why the problem occurs is not
|
---|
| 519 | understood.
|
---|
| 520 | </para>
|
---|
| 521 |
|
---|
[326f830] | 522 | <para>
|
---|
[4f8ca94] | 523 | <command>DESTDIR=${PWD}/install python3 ./x.py install</command>: This
|
---|
| 524 | effects a DESTDIR-style install in the source tree,creating an <filename
|
---|
[bb0652ca] | 525 | class="directory">install</filename> directory. Note that DESTDIR installs
|
---|
| 526 | need an absolute path, passing 'install' will not work.
|
---|
[a7b1bddc] | 527 | </para>
|
---|
| 528 |
|
---|
| 529 | <para>
|
---|
[bb0652ca] | 530 | <command>chown -R root:root install</command>: the DESTDIR install
|
---|
[a7b1bddc] | 531 | was run by a regular user, who owns the files. For security, change their
|
---|
| 532 | owner before doing a simple copy to install them.
|
---|
[326f830] | 533 | </para>
|
---|
| 534 |
|
---|
[03d537cd] | 535 | </sect2>
|
---|
| 536 |
|
---|
[b05ea0b] | 537 | <sect2 role="configuration">
|
---|
| 538 | <title>Configuring Rust</title>
|
---|
| 539 |
|
---|
| 540 | <sect3 id="rustc-config">
|
---|
| 541 | <title>Configuration Information</title>
|
---|
| 542 |
|
---|
| 543 | <para>
|
---|
| 544 | If you installed <application>rustc</application> in
|
---|
| 545 | <filename class="directory">/opt</filename>, you need to update the
|
---|
[de33b2a] | 546 | following configuration files so that <application>rustc</application>
|
---|
| 547 | is correctly found by other packages and system processes.
|
---|
[b05ea0b] | 548 | </para>
|
---|
| 549 |
|
---|
| 550 | <para>
|
---|
| 551 | As the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user, update
|
---|
| 552 | the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file and the dynamic linker's
|
---|
| 553 | run-time cache file:
|
---|
| 554 | </para>
|
---|
| 555 |
|
---|
| 556 | <screen role="root"><userinput>cat >> /etc/ld.so.conf << EOF
|
---|
| 557 | <literal># Begin rustc addition
|
---|
| 558 |
|
---|
| 559 | /opt/rustc/lib
|
---|
| 560 |
|
---|
| 561 | # End rustc addition</literal>
|
---|
| 562 | EOF
|
---|
| 563 |
|
---|
| 564 | ldconfig</userinput></screen>
|
---|
| 565 |
|
---|
[f16e76c6] | 566 | <indexterm zone="rust rustc-config">
|
---|
[b05ea0b] | 567 | <primary sortas="e-etc-ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
|
---|
| 568 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 569 |
|
---|
| 570 | <para>
|
---|
| 571 | As the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user, create
|
---|
| 572 | the <filename>/etc/profile.d/rustc.sh</filename> file:
|
---|
| 573 | </para>
|
---|
| 574 |
|
---|
| 575 | <screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/profile.d/rustc.sh << "EOF"
|
---|
| 576 | <literal># Begin /etc/profile.d/rustc.sh
|
---|
| 577 |
|
---|
| 578 | pathprepend /opt/rustc/bin PATH
|
---|
| 579 |
|
---|
[8e305cf] | 580 | # Include /opt/rustc/man in the MANPATH variable to access manual pages
|
---|
| 581 | pathappend /opt/rustc/share/man MANPATH
|
---|
| 582 |
|
---|
[b05ea0b] | 583 | # End /etc/profile.d/rustc.sh</literal>
|
---|
| 584 | EOF</userinput></screen>
|
---|
| 585 |
|
---|
[de33b2a] | 586 | <para>
|
---|
[8558044] | 587 | Immediately after installation, update the current PATH
|
---|
[de33b2a] | 588 | for your current shell as a normal user:
|
---|
| 589 | </para>
|
---|
[b05ea0b] | 590 |
|
---|
| 591 | <screen><userinput>source /etc/profile.d/rustc.sh</userinput></screen>
|
---|
| 592 |
|
---|
| 593 | </sect3>
|
---|
| 594 | </sect2>
|
---|
| 595 |
|
---|
| 596 |
|
---|
[03d537cd] | 597 | <sect2 role="content">
|
---|
| 598 | <title>Contents</title>
|
---|
| 599 |
|
---|
| 600 | <segmentedlist>
|
---|
[78399edc] | 601 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
|
---|
| 602 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
|
---|
| 603 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
|
---|
[03d537cd] | 604 |
|
---|
| 605 | <seglistitem>
|
---|
| 606 | <seg>
|
---|
[3e8c126] | 607 | cargo-clippy, cargo-fmt, cargo-miri (optional), cargo, clippy-driver,
|
---|
[bf4b5fc] | 608 | miri (optional), rls, rust-analyzer, rust-demangler, rust-gdb,
|
---|
| 609 | rust-gdbgui, rust-lldb, rustc, rustdoc, and rustfmt
|
---|
[03d537cd] | 610 | </seg>
|
---|
| 611 | <seg>
|
---|
[3e8c126] | 612 | librustc-driver-<16-byte-hash>.so,
|
---|
| 613 | libstd-<16-byte-hash>.so, and
|
---|
| 614 | libtest-<16-byte-hash>.so
|
---|
[03d537cd] | 615 | </seg>
|
---|
| 616 | <seg>
|
---|
| 617 | ~/.cargo,
|
---|
[3e8c126] | 618 | /opt/rustc, symbolic link to
|
---|
| 619 | /opt/rustc-&rust-version;
|
---|
[03d537cd] | 620 | </seg>
|
---|
| 621 | </seglistitem>
|
---|
| 622 | </segmentedlist>
|
---|
| 623 |
|
---|
| 624 | <variablelist>
|
---|
| 625 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
---|
| 626 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
---|
| 627 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
---|
| 628 |
|
---|
[7d259126] | 629 | <varlistentry id="cargo-clippy">
|
---|
| 630 | <term><command>cargo-clippy</command></term>
|
---|
| 631 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 632 | <para>
|
---|
[4c24eb0a] | 633 | provides lint checks for a cargo package
|
---|
[7d259126] | 634 | </para>
|
---|
| 635 | <indexterm zone="rust cargo-clippy">
|
---|
| 636 | <primary sortas="b-cargo-clippy">cargo-clippy</primary>
|
---|
| 637 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 638 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 639 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 640 |
|
---|
[a7b1bddc] | 641 | <varlistentry id="cargo-fmt">
|
---|
| 642 | <term><command>cargo-fmt</command></term>
|
---|
| 643 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 644 | <para>
|
---|
| 645 | formats all bin and lib files of the current crate using
|
---|
[4c24eb0a] | 646 | rustfmt
|
---|
[a7b1bddc] | 647 | </para>
|
---|
| 648 | <indexterm zone="rust cargo-fmt">
|
---|
| 649 | <primary sortas="b-cargo-fmt">cargo-fmt</primary>
|
---|
| 650 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 651 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 652 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 653 |
|
---|
[4f9e45d9] | 654 | <varlistentry id="cargo-miri">
|
---|
| 655 | <term><command>cargo-miri</command></term>
|
---|
| 656 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 657 | <para>
|
---|
[bf4b5fc] | 658 | is for use by Miri to interpret bin crates and tests. It is
|
---|
| 659 | not installed by default.
|
---|
[4f9e45d9] | 660 | </para>
|
---|
| 661 | <indexterm zone="rust cargo-miri">
|
---|
| 662 | <primary sortas="b-cargo-miri">cargo-miri</primary>
|
---|
| 663 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 664 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 665 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 666 |
|
---|
[4c6edac] | 667 | <varlistentry id="cargo">
|
---|
| 668 | <term><command>cargo</command></term>
|
---|
| 669 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 670 | <para>
|
---|
[4c24eb0a] | 671 | is the Package Manager for Rust
|
---|
[4c6edac] | 672 | </para>
|
---|
| 673 | <indexterm zone="rust cargo">
|
---|
| 674 | <primary sortas="b-cargo">cargo</primary>
|
---|
| 675 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 676 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 677 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 678 |
|
---|
[7d259126] | 679 | <varlistentry id="clippy-driver">
|
---|
| 680 | <term><command>clippy-driver</command></term>
|
---|
| 681 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 682 | <para>
|
---|
[4c24eb0a] | 683 | provides lint checks for Rust
|
---|
[7d259126] | 684 | </para>
|
---|
| 685 | <indexterm zone="rust clippy-driver">
|
---|
| 686 | <primary sortas="b-clippy-driver">clippy-driver</primary>
|
---|
| 687 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 688 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 689 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 690 |
|
---|
[4f9e45d9] | 691 | <varlistentry id="miri">
|
---|
| 692 | <term><command>miri</command></term>
|
---|
| 693 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 694 | <para>
|
---|
| 695 | is an interpreter for Rust's mid-level intermediate representation
|
---|
[bf4b5fc] | 696 | (MIR). It is not installed by default.
|
---|
[4f9e45d9] | 697 | </para>
|
---|
| 698 | <indexterm zone="rust miri">
|
---|
| 699 | <primary sortas="b-miri">miri</primary>
|
---|
| 700 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 701 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 702 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 703 |
|
---|
[326f830] | 704 | <varlistentry id="rls">
|
---|
| 705 | <term><command>rls</command></term>
|
---|
| 706 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 707 | <para>
|
---|
| 708 | is the Rust Language Server. This can run in the background to
|
---|
| 709 | provide IDEs, editors, and other tools with information about Rust
|
---|
[4c24eb0a] | 710 | programs
|
---|
[326f830] | 711 | </para>
|
---|
| 712 | <indexterm zone="rust rls">
|
---|
| 713 | <primary sortas="b-rls">rls</primary>
|
---|
| 714 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 715 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 716 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 717 |
|
---|
[f78dbb74] | 718 | <varlistentry id="rust-analyzer">
|
---|
| 719 | <term><command>rust-analyzer</command></term>
|
---|
| 720 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 721 | <para>
|
---|
| 722 | is an implementation of Language Server Protocol for the Rust
|
---|
| 723 | programming language.
|
---|
| 724 | </para>
|
---|
| 725 | <indexterm zone="rust rust-analyzer">
|
---|
| 726 | <primary sortas="b-rust-analyzer">rust-analyzer</primary>
|
---|
| 727 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 728 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 729 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 730 |
|
---|
[bf4b5fc] | 731 | <varlistentry id="rust-demangler">
|
---|
| 732 | <term><command>rust-demangler</command></term>
|
---|
| 733 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 734 | <para>
|
---|
| 735 | converts a list of Rust mangled symbols into a
|
---|
| 736 | corresponding list of demangled symbols
|
---|
| 737 | </para>
|
---|
| 738 | <indexterm zone="rust rust-demangler">
|
---|
| 739 | <primary sortas="b-rust-demangler">rust-demangler</primary>
|
---|
| 740 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 741 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 742 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 743 |
|
---|
[03d537cd] | 744 | <varlistentry id="rust-gdb">
|
---|
| 745 | <term><command>rust-gdb</command></term>
|
---|
| 746 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 747 | <para>
|
---|
[4c24eb0a] | 748 | is a wrapper script for gdb, pulling in Python pretty-printing
|
---|
| 749 | modules installed in
|
---|
| 750 | <filename class="directory">/opt/rustc-&rust-version;/lib/rustlib/etc</filename>
|
---|
[03d537cd] | 751 | </para>
|
---|
| 752 | <indexterm zone="rust rust-gdb">
|
---|
| 753 | <primary sortas="b-rust-gdb">rust-gdb</primary>
|
---|
| 754 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 755 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 756 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 757 |
|
---|
[ec2353a] | 758 | <varlistentry id="rust-gdbgui">
|
---|
| 759 | <term><command>rust-gdbgui</command></term>
|
---|
| 760 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 761 | <para>
|
---|
| 762 | is a wrapper script for a graphical front end to gdb that runs in a
|
---|
[4c24eb0a] | 763 | browser
|
---|
[ec2353a] | 764 | </para>
|
---|
| 765 | <indexterm zone="rust rust-gdbgui">
|
---|
| 766 | <primary sortas="b-rust-gdbgui">rust-gdbgui</primary>
|
---|
| 767 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 768 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 769 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 770 |
|
---|
[03d537cd] | 771 | <varlistentry id="rust-lldb">
|
---|
| 772 | <term><command>rust-lldb</command></term>
|
---|
| 773 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 774 | <para>
|
---|
[a7b1bddc] | 775 | is a wrapper script for LLDB (the LLVM debugger)
|
---|
[4c24eb0a] | 776 | pulling in the Python pretty-printing modules
|
---|
[03d537cd] | 777 | </para>
|
---|
| 778 | <indexterm zone="rust rust-lldb">
|
---|
| 779 | <primary sortas="b-rust-lldb">rust=lldb</primary>
|
---|
| 780 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 781 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 782 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 783 |
|
---|
| 784 | <varlistentry id="rustc">
|
---|
| 785 | <term><command>rustc</command></term>
|
---|
| 786 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 787 | <para>
|
---|
[4c24eb0a] | 788 | is the rust compiler
|
---|
[03d537cd] | 789 | </para>
|
---|
| 790 | <indexterm zone="rust rustc">
|
---|
| 791 | <primary sortas="b-rustc">rustc</primary>
|
---|
| 792 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 793 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 794 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 795 |
|
---|
| 796 | <varlistentry id="rustdoc">
|
---|
| 797 | <term><command>rustdoc</command></term>
|
---|
| 798 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 799 | <para>
|
---|
[4c24eb0a] | 800 | generates documentation from rust source code
|
---|
[03d537cd] | 801 | </para>
|
---|
| 802 | <indexterm zone="rust rustdoc">
|
---|
| 803 | <primary sortas="b-rustdoc">rustdoc</primary>
|
---|
| 804 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 805 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 806 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 807 |
|
---|
[a7b1bddc] | 808 | <varlistentry id="rustfmt">
|
---|
| 809 | <term><command>rustfmt</command></term>
|
---|
| 810 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 811 | <para>
|
---|
[4c24eb0a] | 812 | formats rust code
|
---|
[a7b1bddc] | 813 | </para>
|
---|
| 814 | <indexterm zone="rust rustfmt">
|
---|
| 815 | <primary sortas="b-rustfmt">rustfmt</primary>
|
---|
| 816 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 817 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 818 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 819 |
|
---|
[03d537cd] | 820 | <varlistentry id="libstd">
|
---|
| 821 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libstd-<16-byte-hash>.so</filename></term>
|
---|
| 822 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 823 | <para>
|
---|
[4c24eb0a] | 824 | is the Rust Standard Library, the foundation of portable Rust software
|
---|
[03d537cd] | 825 | </para>
|
---|
| 826 | <indexterm zone="rust libstd">
|
---|
| 827 | <primary sortas="c-libstd">libstd-<16-byte-hash>.so</primary>
|
---|
| 828 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 829 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 830 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 831 | </variablelist>
|
---|
| 832 | </sect2>
|
---|
[4c24eb0a] | 833 |
|
---|
[03d537cd] | 834 | </sect1>
|
---|