[03d537cd] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 |
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[614fc25f] | 7 | <!ENTITY rust-download-http "https://static.rust-lang.org/dist/rustc-&rust-version;-src.tar.gz">
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[d9bcc5f] | 8 | <!ENTITY rust-download-ftp " ">
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[6201485] | 9 | <!ENTITY rust-md5sum "6790c24fe5e8fb5a5f7efbfbcc6fea65">
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| 10 | <!ENTITY rust-size "101 MB">
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[7d259126] | 11 | <!ENTITY rust-buildsize "6.5 GB (679 MB installed) including 270MB of ~/.cargo files for the user building this (add 1.4GB if running the tests)">
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| 12 | <!ENTITY rust-time "27 SBU (add 13 SBU for tests, both with 4 processors)">
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[03d537cd] | 13 | ]>
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| 14 |
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| 15 | <sect1 id="rust" xreflabel="rustc-&rust-version;">
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| 16 | <?dbhtml filename="rust.html"?>
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| 17 |
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| 18 | <sect1info>
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| 19 | <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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| 20 | <date>$Date$</date>
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| 21 | </sect1info>
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| 22 |
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| 23 | <title>Rustc-&rust-version;</title>
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| 24 |
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| 25 | <indexterm zone="rust">
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| 26 | <primary sortas="a-rust">Rust</primary>
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| 27 | </indexterm>
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| 28 |
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| 29 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 30 | <title>Introduction to Rust</title>
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| 31 |
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| 32 | <para>
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| 33 | The <application>Rust</application> programming language is designed
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| 34 | to be a safe, concurrent, practical language.
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| 35 | </para>
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| 36 |
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| 37 | <para>
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| 38 | As with many other programming languages, rustc (the rust compiler)
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[a7b1bddc] | 39 | needs a binary from which to bootstrap. It will download a stage0 binary
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| 40 | and many cargo crates (these are actually .tar.gz source archives) at
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[03d537cd] | 41 | the start of the build, so you cannot compile it without an internet
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| 42 | connection.
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| 43 | </para>
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| 44 |
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| 45 | <para>
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| 46 | The current <application>rustbuild</application> build-system will use
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| 47 | all available processors, although it does not scale well and often falls
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| 48 | back to just using one core while waiting for a library to compile.
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| 49 | </para>
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| 50 |
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| 51 | <para>
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| 52 | At the moment <application>Rust</application> does not provide any
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[4c6edac] | 53 | guarantees of a stable ABI.
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[03d537cd] | 54 | </para>
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| 55 |
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[326f830] | 56 | <note>
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[7d259126] | 57 | <para>
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| 58 | Rustc defaults to building for ALL supported architectures, using a
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| 59 | shipped copy of LLVM. In BLFS the build is only for the X86 architecture.
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| 60 | Rustc still claims to require Python2, but that is only really necessary
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| 61 | when building some other architectures with the shipped LLVM. If you
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| 62 | intend to develop rust crates, this build may not be good enough for your
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| 63 | purposes.
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| 64 | </para>
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[326f830] | 65 | <para>
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| 66 | Repeated builds of this package on the same machine show a wide range
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| 67 | of build times. Some of this might be due to variations in downloading
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| 68 | the required cargo files if they are not already present, but this does
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[a7b1bddc] | 69 | not seem to adequately explain the variations.
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[326f830] | 70 | </para>
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| 71 | <para>
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[bb0652ca] | 72 | Unusually, a DESTDIR-style method is being used to install this package.
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| 73 | This is because running the install as root not only downloads all of the
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[a7b1bddc] | 74 | cargo files again (to <filename>/root/.cargo</filename>), it then spends
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[7d259126] | 75 | a very long time recompiling. Using this method saves a lot of time, at
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| 76 | the cost of extra disk space.
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[326f830] | 77 | </para>
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| 78 | </note>
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| 79 |
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[272f28b] | 80 | &lfs83_checked;
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[03d537cd] | 81 |
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| 82 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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| 83 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 84 | <listitem>
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| 85 | <para>
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| 86 | Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&rust-download-http;"/>
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| 87 | </para>
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| 88 | </listitem>
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| 89 | <listitem>
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| 90 | <para>
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| 91 | Download (FTP): <ulink url="&rust-download-ftp;"/>
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| 92 | </para>
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| 93 | </listitem>
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| 94 | <listitem>
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| 95 | <para>
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| 96 | Download MD5 sum: &rust-md5sum;
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| 97 | </para>
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| 98 | </listitem>
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| 99 | <listitem>
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| 100 | <para>
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| 101 | Download size: &rust-size;
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| 102 | </para>
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| 103 | </listitem>
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| 104 | <listitem>
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| 105 | <para>
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| 106 | Estimated disk space required: &rust-buildsize;
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| 107 | </para>
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| 108 | </listitem>
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| 109 | <listitem>
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| 110 | <para>
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| 111 | Estimated build time: &rust-time;
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| 112 | </para>
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| 113 | </listitem>
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| 114 | </itemizedlist>
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| 115 |
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| 116 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Rust Dependencies</bridgehead>
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| 117 |
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| 118 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
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| 119 | <para role="required">
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| 120 | <xref linkend="curl"/>,
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[4c6edac] | 121 | <xref linkend="cmake"/>,
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[7d259126] | 122 | <xref linkend="libssh2"/>
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| 123 | <!-- <xref linkend="python2"/> -->
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[03d537cd] | 124 | </para>
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| 125 |
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[a7b1bddc] | 126 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Recommended</bridgehead>
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| 127 | <para role="recommended">
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| 128 | <package>clang</package> from <xref linkend="llvm"/>
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[bb0652ca] | 129 | (built with -DLLVM_LINK_LLVM_DYLIB=ON)
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[a7b1bddc] | 130 | </para>
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| 131 |
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[03d537cd] | 132 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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| 133 | <para role="optional">
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[7d259126] | 134 | <xref linkend="gdb"/> (recommended if running the testsuite)
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[03d537cd] | 135 | </para>
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| 136 |
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| 137 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">
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| 138 | User Notes: <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/rust"/>
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| 139 | </para>
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| 140 | </sect2>
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| 141 |
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| 142 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 143 | <title>Installation of Rust</title>
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| 144 |
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[4c6edac] | 145 | <note>
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| 146 | <para>
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| 147 | This package is updated on a six-weekly release cycle. Because it is
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[87dd4d94] | 148 | such a large and slow package to build, and is at the moment only required
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| 149 | by three packages in this book, the BLFS editors take the view that it
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[4c6edac] | 150 | should only be updated when that is necessary.
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| 151 | </para>
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| 152 | </note>
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| 153 |
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[03d537cd] | 154 | <para>
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[4c6edac] | 155 | First create a suitable <filename>config.toml</filename> file
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| 156 | which will configure the build :
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| 157 | </para>
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| 158 |
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[272f28b] | 159 | <screen><userinput>cat << EOF > config.toml
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[326f830] | 160 | # see config.toml.example for more possible options
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[4c6edac] | 161 | [llvm]
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| 162 | targets = "X86"
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| 163 |
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[a7b1bddc] | 164 | # When using system llvm prefer shared libraries
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| 165 | link-shared = true
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| 166 |
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[4c6edac] | 167 | [build]
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| 168 | # install cargo as well as rust
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| 169 | extended = true
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| 170 |
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| 171 | [install]
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| 172 | prefix = "/usr"
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[326f830] | 173 | docdir = "share/doc/rustc-&rust-version;"
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| 174 |
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| 175 | [rust]
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[4c6edac] | 176 | channel = "stable"
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[326f830] | 177 | rpath = false
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[a7b1bddc] | 178 |
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| 179 | # BLFS does not install the FileCheck executable from llvm,
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| 180 | # so disable codegen tests
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| 181 | codegen-tests = false
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| 182 |
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| 183 | [target.x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu]
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| 184 | # delete this *section* if you are not using system llvm.
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| 185 | # NB the output of llvm-config (i.e. help options) may be
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| 186 | # dumped to the screen when config.toml is parsed.
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| 187 | llvm-config = "/usr/bin/llvm-config"
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| 188 |
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[4c6edac] | 189 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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| 190 |
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| 191 | <para>
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| 192 | Now install <application>Rust</application> by running the following
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[03d537cd] | 193 | commands:
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| 194 | </para>
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| 195 |
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[bb0652ca] | 196 | <screen><userinput>export RUSTFLAGS="$RUSTFLAGS -C link-args=-lffi" &&
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[7d259126] | 197 | python3 ./x.py build</userinput></screen>
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[03d537cd] | 198 |
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[a7b1bddc] | 199 | <para>
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| 200 | The build will report it failed to compile <filename>miri</filename>
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| 201 | because of multiple potential crates for `log`, but that should be followed
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| 202 | by a message that the build completed successfully.
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| 203 | </para>
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| 204 |
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| 205 | <caution>
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| 206 | <para>
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| 207 | On AMD Ryzen processors (family 17h), the non-optimized version of libstd
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| 208 | which is compiled at the start of the tests contains two opcodes which are
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| 209 | not implemented on this CPU family. These will be logged in the
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| 210 | <phrase revision="sysv">system log</phrase>
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| 211 | <phrase revision="systemd">systemd journal</phrase>
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| 212 | and will be followed a few minutes later by segmentation faults. Despite
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| 213 | that, the tests continue to run, apparently normally. But the system may
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| 214 | reboot before the tests have completed. The normal optimized libraries
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| 215 | run without this problem.
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| 216 | </para>
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| 217 | <para>
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| 218 | A mitigation is to install gdb
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| 219 | <!-- systemd apparently handles this with systemd-coredump -->
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| 220 | <phrase revision="sysv">and to run the tests with 'ulimit -C disabled'</phrase>
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| 221 | but this does not always prevent the system rebooting.
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| 222 | </para>
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| 223 | </caution>
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| 224 |
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[03d537cd] | 225 | <para>
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[4c6edac] | 226 | To run the tests issue
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[7d259126] | 227 | <command>python3 ./x.py test --verbose --no-fail-fast | tee rustc-testlog</command>:
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[9dc2505] | 228 | as with the build, that will use all available CPUs. This runs many suites
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[7d259126] | 229 | of tests (in an apparently random order), several will fail in BLFS:
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| 230 | compile-fail/issue-37131.rs require a thumbv6m-none-eabi compiler but the
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| 231 | BLFS build does not cater for
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| 232 | that, ui/issue-49851/compiler-builtins-error.rs and ui/issue-50993.rs (both
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| 233 | run twice) require a thumbv7em-none-eabihf compiler, and seven tests in
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| 234 | debuginfo-gdb will fail because gdb-8.1 changed the output format. If
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| 235 | <application>gdb</application> has not been installed, most of the gdb tests
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| 236 | will fail.
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[03d537cd] | 237 | </para>
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| 238 |
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| 239 | <para>
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[4c6edac] | 240 | If you wish to look at the numbers for the results, you can find the total
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| 241 | number of tests which were considered by running:
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[03d537cd] | 242 | </para>
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| 243 |
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[7d259126] | 244 | <screen><command>grep 'running .* tests' rustc-testlog | awk '{ sum += $2 } END { print sum }'</command></screen>
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[4c6edac] | 245 |
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[03d537cd] | 246 | <para>
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[7d259126] | 247 | That should report 17101 tests. Similarly, the total tests which failed can
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[4c6edac] | 248 | be found by running:
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[03d537cd] | 249 | </para>
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| 250 |
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[7d259126] | 251 | <screen><command>grep '^test result:' rustc-testlog | awk '{ sum += $6 } END { print sum }'</command></screen>
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[03d537cd] | 252 |
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[4c6edac] | 253 | <para>
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| 254 | And similarly for the tests which passed use $4, for those which were ignored
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| 255 | (i.e. skipped) use $8 (and $10 for 'measured', $12 for 'filtered out' but both
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| 256 | are probably zero). The breakdown does not match the overall total.
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| 257 | </para>
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| 258 |
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| 259 | <para>
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[a7b1bddc] | 260 | Still as your normal user, do a DESTDIR install:
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[4c6edac] | 261 | </para>
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| 262 |
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[fb940713] | 263 | <screen><userinput>export LIBSSH2_SYS_USE_PKG_CONFIG=1 &&
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[7d259126] | 264 | DESTDIR=${PWD}/install python3 ./x.py install &&
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[fb940713] | 265 | unset LIBSSH2_SYS_USE_PKG_CONFIG</userinput></screen>
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[a7b1bddc] | 266 |
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| 267 | <para>
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| 268 | Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user
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| 269 | install the files from the DESTDIR:
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| 270 | </para>
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| 271 |
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[bb0652ca] | 272 | <screen role="root"><userinput>chown -R root:root install &&
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| 273 | cp -a install/* /</userinput></screen>
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[a7b1bddc] | 274 |
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[03d537cd] | 275 | </sect2>
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| 276 |
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| 277 | <sect2 role="commands">
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| 278 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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| 279 |
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| 280 | <para>
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[4c6edac] | 281 | <command>targets = "X86"</command>: this avoids building all the available
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[a7b1bddc] | 282 | linux cross-compilers (Aarch64, MIPS, PowerPC, SystemZ, etc). Unfortunately,
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| 283 | rust insists on installing source files for these below
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| 284 | <filename class="directory">/usr/lib/rustlib/src</filename>.
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[03d537cd] | 285 | </para>
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| 286 |
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| 287 | <para>
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[4c6edac] | 288 | <command>extended = true</command>: this installs Cargo alongside Rust.
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[03d537cd] | 289 | </para>
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| 290 |
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| 291 | <para>
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[4c6edac] | 292 | <command>channel = "stable"</command>: this ensures only stable features
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| 293 | can be used, the default in <filename>config.toml</filename> is to use
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| 294 | development features, which is not appropriate for a released version.
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[03d537cd] | 295 | </para>
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| 296 |
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[326f830] | 297 | <para>
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| 298 | <command>rpath = false</command>: by default, <command>rust</command> can
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| 299 | be run from where it was built, without being installed. That adds DT_RPATH
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| 300 | entries to all of the ELF files, which produces very messy output from
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| 301 | <command>ldd</command>, showing the libraries in the place they were built,
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| 302 | even if they have been deleted from there after the install.
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| 303 | </para>
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| 304 |
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[a7b1bddc] | 305 | <para>
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| 306 | <command>[target.x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu]</command>: the syntax of
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| 307 | <filename>config.toml</filename> requires an <literal>llvm-config</literal>
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| 308 | entry for each target for which system-llvm is to be used. Change the target
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| 309 | to <literal>[target.i686-unknown-linux-gnu]</literal> if you are building
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| 310 | on 32-bit x86. This whole section may be omitted if you wish to build
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| 311 | against the shipped llvm, or do not have clang, but the resulting build will
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[7d259126] | 312 | be larger and take longer.
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[a7b1bddc] | 313 | </para>
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| 314 |
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[bb0652ca] | 315 | <para>
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| 316 | <command>export RUSTFLAGS="$RUSTFLAGS -C link-args=-lffi"</command>:
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| 317 | This adds a link to libffi to any RUSTFLAGS you may already be passing
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| 318 | to the build. On some systems, linking fails to include libffi unless
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| 319 | this is used. The reason why this is needed is not clear.
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| 320 | </para>
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| 321 |
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[03d537cd] | 322 | <para>
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[4c6edac] | 323 | <command>--verbose</command>: this switch can sometimes provide more
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| 324 | information about a test which fails.
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[03d537cd] | 325 | </para>
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[4c6edac] | 326 |
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| 327 | <para>
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| 328 | <command>--no-fail-fast</command>: this switch ensures that the testsuite
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| 329 | will not stop at the first error.
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| 330 | </para>
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| 331 |
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[fb940713] | 332 | <para>
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| 333 | <command>export LIBSSH2_SYS_USE_PKG_CONFIG=1</command>: On some systems,
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| 334 | cairo fails to link during the install because it cannot find libssh2.
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| 335 | This seems to fix it, but again the reason why the problem occurs is not
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| 336 | understood.
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| 337 | </para>
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| 338 |
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[326f830] | 339 | <para>
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[bb0652ca] | 340 | <command>DESTDIR=${PWD}/install ./x.py install</command>: This effects a
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| 341 | DESTDIR-style install in the source tree,creating an <filename
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| 342 | class="directory">install</filename> directory. Note that DESTDIR installs
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| 343 | need an absolute path, passing 'install' will not work.
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[a7b1bddc] | 344 | </para>
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| 345 |
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| 346 | <para>
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[bb0652ca] | 347 | <command>chown -R root:root install</command>: the DESTDIR install
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[a7b1bddc] | 348 | was run by a regular user, who owns the files. For security, change their
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| 349 | owner before doing a simple copy to install them.
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[326f830] | 350 | </para>
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| 351 |
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[03d537cd] | 352 | </sect2>
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| 353 |
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| 354 | <sect2 role="content">
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| 355 | <title>Contents</title>
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| 356 |
|
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| 357 | <segmentedlist>
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[78399edc] | 358 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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| 359 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
|
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| 360 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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[03d537cd] | 361 |
|
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| 362 | <seglistitem>
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| 363 | <seg>
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[7d259126] | 364 | cargo-clippy, cargo-fmt, cargo, clippy-driver, rls, rust-gdb, rust-lldb, rustc, rustdoc, rustfmt.
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[03d537cd] | 365 | </seg>
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| 366 | <seg>
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[4c6edac] | 367 | Many lib*<16-byte-hash>.so libraries.
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[03d537cd] | 368 | </seg>
|
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| 369 | <seg>
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| 370 | ~/.cargo,
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[4c6edac] | 371 | /usr/lib/rustlib,
|
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| 372 | /usr/share/doc/rustc-&rust-version;, and
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| 373 | /usr/share/zsh/site-functions/
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[03d537cd] | 374 | </seg>
|
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| 375 | </seglistitem>
|
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| 376 | </segmentedlist>
|
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| 377 |
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| 378 | <variablelist>
|
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| 379 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
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| 380 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
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| 381 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
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| 382 |
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[7d259126] | 383 | <varlistentry id="cargo-clippy">
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| 384 | <term><command>cargo-clippy</command></term>
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| 385 | <listitem>
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| 386 | <para>
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| 387 | provides lint checks for a cargo package.
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| 388 | </para>
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| 389 | <indexterm zone="rust cargo-clippy">
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| 390 | <primary sortas="b-cargo-clippy">cargo-clippy</primary>
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| 391 | </indexterm>
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| 392 | </listitem>
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| 393 | </varlistentry>
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| 394 |
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[a7b1bddc] | 395 | <varlistentry id="cargo-fmt">
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| 396 | <term><command>cargo-fmt</command></term>
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| 397 | <listitem>
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| 398 | <para>
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| 399 | formats all bin and lib files of the current crate using
|
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| 400 | rustfmt.
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| 401 | </para>
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| 402 | <indexterm zone="rust cargo-fmt">
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| 403 | <primary sortas="b-cargo-fmt">cargo-fmt</primary>
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| 404 | </indexterm>
|
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| 405 | </listitem>
|
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| 406 | </varlistentry>
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| 407 |
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[4c6edac] | 408 | <varlistentry id="cargo">
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| 409 | <term><command>cargo</command></term>
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| 410 | <listitem>
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| 411 | <para>
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| 412 | is the Package Manager for Rust.
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| 413 | </para>
|
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| 414 | <indexterm zone="rust cargo">
|
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| 415 | <primary sortas="b-cargo">cargo</primary>
|
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| 416 | </indexterm>
|
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| 417 | </listitem>
|
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| 418 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 419 |
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[7d259126] | 420 | <varlistentry id="clippy-driver">
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| 421 | <term><command>clippy-driver</command></term>
|
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| 422 | <listitem>
|
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| 423 | <para>
|
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| 424 | provides lint checks for Rust.
|
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| 425 | </para>
|
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| 426 | <indexterm zone="rust clippy-driver">
|
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| 427 | <primary sortas="b-clippy-driver">clippy-driver</primary>
|
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| 428 | </indexterm>
|
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| 429 | </listitem>
|
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| 430 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 431 |
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[326f830] | 432 | <varlistentry id="rls">
|
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| 433 | <term><command>rls</command></term>
|
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| 434 | <listitem>
|
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| 435 | <para>
|
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| 436 | is the Rust Language Server. This can run in the background to
|
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| 437 | provide IDEs, editors, and other tools with information about Rust
|
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| 438 | programs.
|
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| 439 | </para>
|
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| 440 | <indexterm zone="rust rls">
|
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| 441 | <primary sortas="b-rls">rls</primary>
|
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| 442 | </indexterm>
|
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| 443 | </listitem>
|
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| 444 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 445 |
|
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[03d537cd] | 446 | <varlistentry id="rust-gdb">
|
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| 447 | <term><command>rust-gdb</command></term>
|
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| 448 | <listitem>
|
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| 449 | <para>
|
---|
[a7b1bddc] | 450 | is a wrapper script for gdb, pulling in Python
|
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| 451 | pretty-printing modules installed in <filename
|
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| 452 | class="directory">/usr/lib/rustlib/etc</filename>.
|
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[03d537cd] | 453 | </para>
|
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| 454 | <indexterm zone="rust rust-gdb">
|
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| 455 | <primary sortas="b-rust-gdb">rust-gdb</primary>
|
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| 456 | </indexterm>
|
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| 457 | </listitem>
|
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| 458 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 459 |
|
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| 460 | <varlistentry id="rust-lldb">
|
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| 461 | <term><command>rust-lldb</command></term>
|
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| 462 | <listitem>
|
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| 463 | <para>
|
---|
[a7b1bddc] | 464 | is a wrapper script for LLDB (the LLVM debugger)
|
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| 465 | pulling in the Python pretty-printing modules.
|
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[03d537cd] | 466 | </para>
|
---|
| 467 | <indexterm zone="rust rust-lldb">
|
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| 468 | <primary sortas="b-rust-lldb">rust=lldb</primary>
|
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| 469 | </indexterm>
|
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| 470 | </listitem>
|
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| 471 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 472 |
|
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| 473 | <varlistentry id="rustc">
|
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| 474 | <term><command>rustc</command></term>
|
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| 475 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 476 | <para>
|
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| 477 | is the rust compiler.
|
---|
| 478 | </para>
|
---|
| 479 | <indexterm zone="rust rustc">
|
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| 480 | <primary sortas="b-rustc">rustc</primary>
|
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| 481 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 482 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 483 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 484 |
|
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| 485 | <varlistentry id="rustdoc">
|
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| 486 | <term><command>rustdoc</command></term>
|
---|
| 487 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 488 | <para>
|
---|
| 489 | generates documentation from rust source code.
|
---|
| 490 | </para>
|
---|
| 491 | <indexterm zone="rust rustdoc">
|
---|
| 492 | <primary sortas="b-rustdoc">rustdoc</primary>
|
---|
| 493 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 494 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 495 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 496 |
|
---|
[a7b1bddc] | 497 | <varlistentry id="rustfmt">
|
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| 498 | <term><command>rustfmt</command></term>
|
---|
| 499 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 500 | <para>
|
---|
| 501 | formats rust code.
|
---|
| 502 | </para>
|
---|
| 503 | <indexterm zone="rust rustfmt">
|
---|
| 504 | <primary sortas="b-rustfmt">rustfmt</primary>
|
---|
| 505 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 506 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 507 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 508 |
|
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[03d537cd] | 509 | <varlistentry id="libstd">
|
---|
| 510 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libstd-<16-byte-hash>.so</filename></term>
|
---|
| 511 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 512 | <para>
|
---|
| 513 | is the Rust Standard Library, the foundation of portable Rust software.
|
---|
| 514 | </para>
|
---|
| 515 | <indexterm zone="rust libstd">
|
---|
| 516 | <primary sortas="c-libstd">libstd-<16-byte-hash>.so</primary>
|
---|
| 517 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 518 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 519 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 520 | </variablelist>
|
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| 521 | </sect2>
|
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| 522 | </sect1>
|
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