[03d537cd] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 |
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[614fc25f] | 7 | <!ENTITY rust-download-http "https://static.rust-lang.org/dist/rustc-&rust-version;-src.tar.gz">
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[d9bcc5f] | 8 | <!ENTITY rust-download-ftp " ">
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[a7b1bddc] | 9 | <!ENTITY rust-md5sum "d8d4d30c8d0b905f978bee3fdd618db5">
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| 10 | <!ENTITY rust-size "95 MB">
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| 11 | <!ENTITY rust-buildsize "5.1 GB (440 MB installed) including 379MB of ~/.cargo files for the user building this and 440MB of files in the DESTDIR (add 1.2GB if running the tests)">
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| 12 | <!ENTITY rust-time "33 SBU (add 17 SBU for tests, both with 4 processors)">
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[03d537cd] | 13 | ]>
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| 14 |
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| 15 | <sect1 id="rust" xreflabel="rustc-&rust-version;">
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| 16 | <?dbhtml filename="rust.html"?>
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| 17 |
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| 18 | <sect1info>
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| 19 | <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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| 20 | <date>$Date$</date>
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| 21 | </sect1info>
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| 22 |
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| 23 | <title>Rustc-&rust-version;</title>
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| 24 |
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| 25 | <indexterm zone="rust">
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| 26 | <primary sortas="a-rust">Rust</primary>
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| 27 | </indexterm>
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| 28 |
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| 29 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 30 | <title>Introduction to Rust</title>
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| 31 |
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| 32 | <para>
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| 33 | The <application>Rust</application> programming language is designed
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| 34 | to be a safe, concurrent, practical language.
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| 35 | </para>
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| 36 |
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| 37 | <para>
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| 38 | As with many other programming languages, rustc (the rust compiler)
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[a7b1bddc] | 39 | needs a binary from which to bootstrap. It will download a stage0 binary
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| 40 | and many cargo crates (these are actually .tar.gz source archives) at
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[03d537cd] | 41 | the start of the build, so you cannot compile it without an internet
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| 42 | connection.
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| 43 | </para>
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| 44 |
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| 45 | <para>
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| 46 | The current <application>rustbuild</application> build-system will use
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| 47 | all available processors, although it does not scale well and often falls
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| 48 | back to just using one core while waiting for a library to compile.
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| 49 | </para>
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| 50 |
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| 51 | <para>
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| 52 | At the moment <application>Rust</application> does not provide any
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[4c6edac] | 53 | guarantees of a stable ABI.
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[03d537cd] | 54 | </para>
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| 55 |
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[326f830] | 56 | <note>
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| 57 | <para>
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| 58 | Repeated builds of this package on the same machine show a wide range
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| 59 | of build times. Some of this might be due to variations in downloading
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| 60 | the required cargo files if they are not already present, but this does
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[a7b1bddc] | 61 | not seem to adequately explain the variations.
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[326f830] | 62 | </para>
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| 63 | <para>
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[bb0652ca] | 64 | Unusually, a DESTDIR-style method is being used to install this package.
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| 65 | This is because running the install as root not only downloads all of the
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[a7b1bddc] | 66 | cargo files again (to <filename>/root/.cargo</filename>), it then spends
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[bb0652ca] | 67 | a very long time recompiling. Using this method saves 30 SBU on the
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[a7b1bddc] | 68 | 4-core machine where this was tested, at the cost of an extra 60MB of
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| 69 | disk space for the extra files.
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[326f830] | 70 | </para>
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| 71 | </note>
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| 72 |
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[0a43695] | 73 | &lfs82_checked;
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[03d537cd] | 74 |
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| 75 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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| 76 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 77 | <listitem>
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| 78 | <para>
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| 79 | Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&rust-download-http;"/>
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| 80 | </para>
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| 81 | </listitem>
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| 82 | <listitem>
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| 83 | <para>
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| 84 | Download (FTP): <ulink url="&rust-download-ftp;"/>
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| 85 | </para>
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| 86 | </listitem>
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| 87 | <listitem>
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| 88 | <para>
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| 89 | Download MD5 sum: &rust-md5sum;
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| 90 | </para>
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| 91 | </listitem>
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| 92 | <listitem>
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| 93 | <para>
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| 94 | Download size: &rust-size;
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| 95 | </para>
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| 96 | </listitem>
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| 97 | <listitem>
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| 98 | <para>
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| 99 | Estimated disk space required: &rust-buildsize;
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| 100 | </para>
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| 101 | </listitem>
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| 102 | <listitem>
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| 103 | <para>
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| 104 | Estimated build time: &rust-time;
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| 105 | </para>
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| 106 | </listitem>
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| 107 | </itemizedlist>
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| 108 |
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| 109 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Rust Dependencies</bridgehead>
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| 110 |
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| 111 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
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| 112 | <para role="required">
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| 113 | <xref linkend="curl"/>,
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[4c6edac] | 114 | <xref linkend="cmake"/>,
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[a7b1bddc] | 115 | <!-- Although this appears to build with python3, there are sometimes strange
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| 116 | script errors in the compilation (i.e. it exits after the build, without
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| 117 | any obvious errors and with a good status. Also ,it ships with a configure
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| 118 | script which invokes python2.7 to create config.toml, and some of the files
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| 119 | in the package use python2.7. -->
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[03d537cd] | 120 | <xref linkend="python2"/>
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| 121 | </para>
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| 122 |
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[a7b1bddc] | 123 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Recommended</bridgehead>
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| 124 | <para role="recommended">
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[539d7c54] | 125 | <xref linkend="libssh2"/> (required by the libgit crate during
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| 126 | <emphasis>some</emphasis> stable installs, but not during others),
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[a7b1bddc] | 127 | <package>clang</package> from <xref linkend="llvm"/>
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[bb0652ca] | 128 | (built with -DLLVM_LINK_LLVM_DYLIB=ON)
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[a7b1bddc] | 129 | </para>
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| 130 |
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[03d537cd] | 131 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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| 132 | <para role="optional">
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[60ddbaf] | 133 | <xref linkend="gdb"/> (used by debuginfo-gdb in the testsuite)
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[03d537cd] | 134 | </para>
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| 135 |
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| 136 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">
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| 137 | User Notes: <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/rust"/>
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| 138 | </para>
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| 139 | </sect2>
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| 140 |
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| 141 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 142 | <title>Installation of Rust</title>
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| 143 |
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[4c6edac] | 144 | <note>
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| 145 | <para>
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| 146 | This package is updated on a six-weekly release cycle. Because it is
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| 147 | such a large and slow package to build, and is at the moment only used
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[948f91a1] | 148 | by two packages in this book, the BLFS editors take the view that it
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[4c6edac] | 149 | should only be updated when that is necessary.
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| 150 | </para>
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| 151 | </note>
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| 152 |
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[03d537cd] | 153 | <para>
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[4c6edac] | 154 | First create a suitable <filename>config.toml</filename> file
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| 155 | which will configure the build :
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| 156 | </para>
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| 157 |
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| 158 | <screen><userinput>cat <<EOF > config.toml
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[326f830] | 159 | # see config.toml.example for more possible options
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[4c6edac] | 160 | [llvm]
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| 161 | targets = "X86"
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| 162 |
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[a7b1bddc] | 163 | # When using system llvm prefer shared libraries
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| 164 | link-shared = true
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| 165 |
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[4c6edac] | 166 | [build]
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| 167 | # install cargo as well as rust
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| 168 | extended = true
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| 169 |
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| 170 | [install]
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| 171 | prefix = "/usr"
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[326f830] | 172 | docdir = "share/doc/rustc-&rust-version;"
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| 173 |
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| 174 | [rust]
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[4c6edac] | 175 | channel = "stable"
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[326f830] | 176 | rpath = false
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[a7b1bddc] | 177 |
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| 178 | # get reasonably clean output from the test harness
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| 179 | quiet-tests = true
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| 180 |
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| 181 | # BLFS does not install the FileCheck executable from llvm,
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| 182 | # so disable codegen tests
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| 183 | codegen-tests = false
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| 184 |
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| 185 | [target.x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu]
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| 186 | # delete this *section* if you are not using system llvm.
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| 187 | # NB the output of llvm-config (i.e. help options) may be
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| 188 | # dumped to the screen when config.toml is parsed.
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| 189 | llvm-config = "/usr/bin/llvm-config"
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| 190 |
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[4c6edac] | 191 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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| 192 |
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| 193 | <para>
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| 194 | Now install <application>Rust</application> by running the following
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[03d537cd] | 195 | commands:
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| 196 | </para>
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| 197 |
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[bb0652ca] | 198 | <screen><userinput>export RUSTFLAGS="$RUSTFLAGS -C link-args=-lffi" &&
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| 199 | ./x.py build</userinput></screen>
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[03d537cd] | 200 |
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[a7b1bddc] | 201 | <para>
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| 202 | The build will report it failed to compile <filename>miri</filename>
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| 203 | because of multiple potential crates for `log`, but that should be followed
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| 204 | by a message that the build completed successfully.
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| 205 | </para>
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| 206 |
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| 207 | <caution>
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| 208 | <para>
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| 209 | On AMD Ryzen processors (family 17h), the non-optimized version of libstd
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| 210 | which is compiled at the start of the tests contains two opcodes which are
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| 211 | not implemented on this CPU family. These will be logged in the
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| 212 | <phrase revision="sysv">system log</phrase>
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| 213 | <phrase revision="systemd">systemd journal</phrase>
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| 214 | and will be followed a few minutes later by segmentation faults. Despite
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| 215 | that, the tests continue to run, apparently normally. But the system may
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| 216 | reboot before the tests have completed. The normal optimized libraries
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| 217 | run without this problem.
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| 218 | </para>
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| 219 | <para>
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| 220 | A mitigation is to install gdb
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| 221 | <!-- systemd apparently handles this with systemd-coredump -->
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| 222 | <phrase revision="sysv">and to run the tests with 'ulimit -C disabled'</phrase>
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| 223 | but this does not always prevent the system rebooting.
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| 224 | </para>
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| 225 | </caution>
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| 226 |
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[03d537cd] | 227 | <para>
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[4c6edac] | 228 | To run the tests issue
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| 229 | <command>./x.py test --verbose --no-fail-fast >../rustc-testlog</command>:
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[9dc2505] | 230 | as with the build, that will use all available CPUs. This runs many suites
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[a7b1bddc] | 231 | of tests (in an apparently random order), at least one will fail:
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| 232 | compile-fail/issue-37131.rs tries to
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| 233 | compile for the thumbv6m-none-eabi target but the BLFS build does not cater for
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| 234 | that, and many tests in debuginfo-gdb will fail if
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| 235 | <application>gdb</application> has not been installed. A few other tests might
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| 236 | fail.
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[03d537cd] | 237 | </para>
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| 238 |
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| 239 | <para>
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[4c6edac] | 240 | If you wish to look at the numbers for the results, you can find the total
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| 241 | number of tests which were considered by running:
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[03d537cd] | 242 | </para>
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| 243 |
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[4c6edac] | 244 | <screen><command>grep 'running .* tests' ../rustc-testlog | awk '{ sum += $2 } END { print sum }'</command></screen>
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| 245 |
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[03d537cd] | 246 | <para>
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[a7b1bddc] | 247 | That should report 13224 tests. Similarly, the total tests which failed can
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[4c6edac] | 248 | be found by running:
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[03d537cd] | 249 | </para>
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| 250 |
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[4c6edac] | 251 | <screen><command>grep '^test result:' ../rustc-testlog | awk '{ sum += $6 } END { print sum }'</command></screen>
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[03d537cd] | 252 |
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[4c6edac] | 253 | <para>
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| 254 | And similarly for the tests which passed use $4, for those which were ignored
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| 255 | (i.e. skipped) use $8 (and $10 for 'measured', $12 for 'filtered out' but both
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| 256 | are probably zero). The breakdown does not match the overall total.
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| 257 | </para>
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| 258 |
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| 259 | <para>
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[a7b1bddc] | 260 | Still as your normal user, do a DESTDIR install:
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[4c6edac] | 261 | </para>
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| 262 |
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[bb0652ca] | 263 | <screen><userinput>DESTDIR=${PWD}/install ./x.py install</userinput></screen>
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[a7b1bddc] | 264 |
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| 265 | <para>
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| 266 | Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user
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| 267 | install the files from the DESTDIR:
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| 268 | </para>
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| 269 |
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[bb0652ca] | 270 | <screen role="root"><userinput>chown -R root:root install &&
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| 271 | cp -a install/* /</userinput></screen>
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[a7b1bddc] | 272 |
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[03d537cd] | 273 | </sect2>
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| 274 |
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| 275 | <sect2 role="commands">
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| 276 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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| 277 |
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| 278 | <para>
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[4c6edac] | 279 | <command>targets = "X86"</command>: this avoids building all the available
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[a7b1bddc] | 280 | linux cross-compilers (Aarch64, MIPS, PowerPC, SystemZ, etc). Unfortunately,
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| 281 | rust insists on installing source files for these below
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| 282 | <filename class="directory">/usr/lib/rustlib/src</filename>.
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[03d537cd] | 283 | </para>
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| 284 |
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| 285 | <para>
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[4c6edac] | 286 | <command>extended = true</command>: this installs Cargo alongside Rust.
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[03d537cd] | 287 | </para>
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| 288 |
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| 289 | <para>
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[4c6edac] | 290 | <command>channel = "stable"</command>: this ensures only stable features
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| 291 | can be used, the default in <filename>config.toml</filename> is to use
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| 292 | development features, which is not appropriate for a released version.
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[03d537cd] | 293 | </para>
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| 294 |
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[326f830] | 295 | <para>
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| 296 | <command>rpath = false</command>: by default, <command>rust</command> can
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| 297 | be run from where it was built, without being installed. That adds DT_RPATH
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| 298 | entries to all of the ELF files, which produces very messy output from
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| 299 | <command>ldd</command>, showing the libraries in the place they were built,
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| 300 | even if they have been deleted from there after the install.
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| 301 | </para>
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| 302 |
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[a7b1bddc] | 303 | <para>
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| 304 | <command>[target.x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu]</command>: the syntax of
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| 305 | <filename>config.toml</filename> requires an <literal>llvm-config</literal>
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| 306 | entry for each target for which system-llvm is to be used. Change the target
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| 307 | to <literal>[target.i686-unknown-linux-gnu]</literal> if you are building
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| 308 | on 32-bit x86. This whole section may be omitted if you wish to build
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| 309 | against the shipped llvm, or do not have clang, but the resulting build will
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| 310 | be larger and take a little longer.
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| 311 | </para>
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| 312 |
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[bb0652ca] | 313 | <para>
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| 314 | <command>export RUSTFLAGS="$RUSTFLAGS -C link-args=-lffi"</command>:
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| 315 | This adds a link to libffi to any RUSTFLAGS you may already be passing
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| 316 | to the build. On some systems, linking fails to include libffi unless
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| 317 | this is used. The reason why this is needed is not clear.
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| 318 | </para>
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| 319 |
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[03d537cd] | 320 | <para>
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[4c6edac] | 321 | <command>--verbose</command>: this switch can sometimes provide more
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| 322 | information about a test which fails.
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[03d537cd] | 323 | </para>
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[4c6edac] | 324 |
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| 325 | <para>
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| 326 | <command>--no-fail-fast</command>: this switch ensures that the testsuite
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| 327 | will not stop at the first error.
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| 328 | </para>
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| 329 |
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[326f830] | 330 | <para>
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[bb0652ca] | 331 | <command>DESTDIR=${PWD}/install ./x.py install</command>: This effects a
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| 332 | DESTDIR-style install in the source tree,creating an <filename
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| 333 | class="directory">install</filename> directory. Note that DESTDIR installs
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| 334 | need an absolute path, passing 'install' will not work.
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[a7b1bddc] | 335 | </para>
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| 336 |
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| 337 | <para>
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[bb0652ca] | 338 | <command>chown -R root:root install</command>: the DESTDIR install
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[a7b1bddc] | 339 | was run by a regular user, who owns the files. For security, change their
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| 340 | owner before doing a simple copy to install them.
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[326f830] | 341 | </para>
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| 342 |
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[03d537cd] | 343 | </sect2>
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| 344 |
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| 345 | <sect2 role="content">
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| 346 | <title>Contents</title>
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| 347 |
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| 348 | <segmentedlist>
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[78399edc] | 349 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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| 350 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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| 351 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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[03d537cd] | 352 |
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| 353 | <seglistitem>
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| 354 | <seg>
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[a7b1bddc] | 355 | cargo-fmt, cargo, rls, rust-gdb, rust-lldb, rustc, rustdoc, rustfmt.
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[03d537cd] | 356 | </seg>
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| 357 | <seg>
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[4c6edac] | 358 | Many lib*<16-byte-hash>.so libraries.
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[03d537cd] | 359 | </seg>
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| 360 | <seg>
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| 361 | ~/.cargo,
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[4c6edac] | 362 | /usr/lib/rustlib,
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| 363 | /usr/share/doc/rustc-&rust-version;, and
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| 364 | /usr/share/zsh/site-functions/
|
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[03d537cd] | 365 | </seg>
|
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| 366 | </seglistitem>
|
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| 367 | </segmentedlist>
|
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| 368 |
|
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| 369 | <variablelist>
|
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| 370 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
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| 371 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
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| 372 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
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| 373 |
|
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[a7b1bddc] | 374 | <varlistentry id="cargo-fmt">
|
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| 375 | <term><command>cargo-fmt</command></term>
|
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| 376 | <listitem>
|
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| 377 | <para>
|
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| 378 | formats all bin and lib files of the current crate using
|
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| 379 | rustfmt.
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| 380 | </para>
|
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| 381 | <indexterm zone="rust cargo-fmt">
|
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| 382 | <primary sortas="b-cargo-fmt">cargo-fmt</primary>
|
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| 383 | </indexterm>
|
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| 384 | </listitem>
|
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| 385 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 386 |
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[4c6edac] | 387 | <varlistentry id="cargo">
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| 388 | <term><command>cargo</command></term>
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| 389 | <listitem>
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| 390 | <para>
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| 391 | is the Package Manager for Rust.
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| 392 | </para>
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| 393 | <indexterm zone="rust cargo">
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| 394 | <primary sortas="b-cargo">cargo</primary>
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| 395 | </indexterm>
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| 396 | </listitem>
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| 397 | </varlistentry>
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| 398 |
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[326f830] | 399 | <varlistentry id="rls">
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| 400 | <term><command>rls</command></term>
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| 401 | <listitem>
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| 402 | <para>
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| 403 | is the Rust Language Server. This can run in the background to
|
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| 404 | provide IDEs, editors, and other tools with information about Rust
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| 405 | programs.
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| 406 | </para>
|
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| 407 | <indexterm zone="rust rls">
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| 408 | <primary sortas="b-rls">rls</primary>
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| 409 | </indexterm>
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| 410 | </listitem>
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| 411 | </varlistentry>
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| 412 |
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[03d537cd] | 413 | <varlistentry id="rust-gdb">
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| 414 | <term><command>rust-gdb</command></term>
|
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| 415 | <listitem>
|
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| 416 | <para>
|
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[a7b1bddc] | 417 | is a wrapper script for gdb, pulling in Python
|
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| 418 | pretty-printing modules installed in <filename
|
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| 419 | class="directory">/usr/lib/rustlib/etc</filename>.
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[03d537cd] | 420 | </para>
|
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| 421 | <indexterm zone="rust rust-gdb">
|
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| 422 | <primary sortas="b-rust-gdb">rust-gdb</primary>
|
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| 423 | </indexterm>
|
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| 424 | </listitem>
|
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| 425 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 426 |
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| 427 | <varlistentry id="rust-lldb">
|
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| 428 | <term><command>rust-lldb</command></term>
|
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| 429 | <listitem>
|
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| 430 | <para>
|
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[a7b1bddc] | 431 | is a wrapper script for LLDB (the LLVM debugger)
|
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| 432 | pulling in the Python pretty-printing modules.
|
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[03d537cd] | 433 | </para>
|
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| 434 | <indexterm zone="rust rust-lldb">
|
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| 435 | <primary sortas="b-rust-lldb">rust=lldb</primary>
|
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| 436 | </indexterm>
|
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| 437 | </listitem>
|
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| 438 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 439 |
|
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| 440 | <varlistentry id="rustc">
|
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| 441 | <term><command>rustc</command></term>
|
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| 442 | <listitem>
|
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| 443 | <para>
|
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| 444 | is the rust compiler.
|
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| 445 | </para>
|
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| 446 | <indexterm zone="rust rustc">
|
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| 447 | <primary sortas="b-rustc">rustc</primary>
|
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| 448 | </indexterm>
|
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| 449 | </listitem>
|
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| 450 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 451 |
|
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| 452 | <varlistentry id="rustdoc">
|
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| 453 | <term><command>rustdoc</command></term>
|
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| 454 | <listitem>
|
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| 455 | <para>
|
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| 456 | generates documentation from rust source code.
|
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| 457 | </para>
|
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| 458 | <indexterm zone="rust rustdoc">
|
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| 459 | <primary sortas="b-rustdoc">rustdoc</primary>
|
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| 460 | </indexterm>
|
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| 461 | </listitem>
|
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| 462 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 463 |
|
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[a7b1bddc] | 464 | <varlistentry id="rustfmt">
|
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| 465 | <term><command>rustfmt</command></term>
|
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| 466 | <listitem>
|
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| 467 | <para>
|
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| 468 | formats rust code.
|
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| 469 | </para>
|
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| 470 | <indexterm zone="rust rustfmt">
|
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| 471 | <primary sortas="b-rustfmt">rustfmt</primary>
|
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| 472 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 473 | </listitem>
|
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| 474 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 475 |
|
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[03d537cd] | 476 | <varlistentry id="libstd">
|
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| 477 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libstd-<16-byte-hash>.so</filename></term>
|
---|
| 478 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 479 | <para>
|
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| 480 | is the Rust Standard Library, the foundation of portable Rust software.
|
---|
| 481 | </para>
|
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| 482 | <indexterm zone="rust libstd">
|
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| 483 | <primary sortas="c-libstd">libstd-<16-byte-hash>.so</primary>
|
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| 484 | </indexterm>
|
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| 485 | </listitem>
|
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| 486 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 487 | </variablelist>
|
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| 488 | </sect2>
|
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| 489 | </sect1>
|
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