| 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 |
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| 7 | <!ENTITY rust-download-http "https://static.rust-lang.org/dist/rustc-&rust-version;-src.tar.xz">
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| 8 | <!ENTITY rust-download-ftp " ">
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| 9 | <!ENTITY rust-md5sum "4125b8bf1b0bc6a520f8ec21252322e7">
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| 10 | <!ENTITY rust-size "145 MB">
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| 11 | <!ENTITY rust-buildsize "8.9 GB (292 MB installed); add 6.4 GB if running the tests">
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| 12 | <!ENTITY rust-time "6.7 SBU (including download time; add 6.2 SBU for tests, both using parallelism=8)">
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| 13 | ]>
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| 14 |
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| 15 | <sect1 id="rust" xreflabel="rustc-&rust-version;">
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| 16 | <?dbhtml filename="rust.html"?>
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| 17 |
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| 18 |
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| 19 | <title>Rustc-&rust-version;</title>
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| 20 |
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| 21 | <indexterm zone="rust">
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| 22 | <primary sortas="a-rust">Rust</primary>
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| 23 | </indexterm>
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| 24 |
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| 25 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 26 | <title>Introduction to Rust</title>
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| 27 | <para>
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| 28 | The <application>Rust</application> programming language is designed
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| 29 | to be a safe, concurrent, practical language.
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| 30 | </para>
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| 31 |
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| 32 | <para>
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| 33 | This package is updated on a six-weekly release cycle. Because it is
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| 34 | such a large and slow package to build, is at the moment only required
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| 35 | by a few packages in this book, and particularly because newer versions
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| 36 | tend to break older mozilla packages, the BLFS editors take the view that
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| 37 | it should only be updated when that is necessary (either to fix problems,
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| 38 | or to allow a new version of a package to build).
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| 39 | </para>
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| 40 |
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| 41 | <para>
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| 42 | As with many other programming languages, rustc (the rust compiler)
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| 43 | needs a binary from which to bootstrap. It will download a stage0
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| 44 | binary at the start of the build, so you cannot compile it without an
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| 45 | Internet connection.
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| 46 | </para>
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| 47 |
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| 48 | <note>
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| 49 | <para>
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| 50 | Although BLFS usually installs in <filename
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| 51 | class="directory">/usr</filename>, when you later upgrade to a newer
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| 52 | version of <application>rust</application> the old libraries in <filename
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| 53 | class="directory">/usr/lib/rustlib</filename> will remain, with various
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| 54 | hashes in their names, but will not be usable and will waste space. The
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| 55 | editors recommend placing the files in the <filename
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| 56 | class="directory">/opt</filename> directory. In particular, if you
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| 57 | have reason to rebuild with a modified configuration (e.g. using the
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| 58 | shipped LLVM after building with shared LLVM, perhaps to compile crates
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| 59 | for architectures which the BLFS LLVM build does not support)
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| 60 | it is possible for the install to leave a broken
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| 61 | <command>cargo</command> program. In such a situation, either remove
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| 62 | the existing installation first, or use a different prefix such as
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| 63 | /opt/rustc-&rust-version;-build2.
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| 64 | </para>
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| 65 |
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| 66 | <para>
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| 67 | If you prefer, you can of course change the prefix to <filename
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| 68 | class="directory">/usr</filename>.
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| 69 | </para>
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| 70 | </note>
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| 71 |
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| 72 | <para>
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| 73 | The current <application>rustbuild</application> build-system will use
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| 74 | all processors, although it does not scale well and often falls
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| 75 | back to just using one core while waiting for a library to compile.
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| 76 | However it can be mostly limited to a specified number of processors by
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| 77 | a combination of adding the switch <literal>--jobs <N></literal>
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| 78 | (e.g. '--jobs 4' to limit to 4 processors) on each invocation of
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| 79 | <command>python3 x.py</command> <emphasis>and</emphasis> using an
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| 80 | environment variable <envar>CARGO_BUILD_JOBS=<N></envar>. At the
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| 81 | moment this is not effective when some of the rustc tests are run.
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| 82 | </para>
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| 83 |
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| 84 | <para>
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| 85 | The current version of rust's num_cpus crate now recognizes that cgroups
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| 86 | can be used to restrict which processors it is allowed to use. So if your
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| 87 | machine lacks DRAM (typically, less than 2GB DRAM per core) that might be
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| 88 | an alternative to taking CPUs offline.
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| 89 | <phrase revision="sysv">In sysv systems cgroups requires <ulink
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| 90 | url="https://sourceforge.net/projects/libcg/">libcgroup</ulink>.</phrase>
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| 91 | <phrase revision="systemd">That can be achieved by using
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| 92 | <command>systemd-run</command> command with
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| 93 | <parameter>-p User=$(whoami)</parameter> and
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| 94 | <parameter>-p AllowedCPUs=0-<replaceable>x</replaceable></parameter>
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| 95 | (with <replaceable>x</replaceable> replaced with the number of CPU
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| 96 | cores you want to use minus one) options.</phrase>
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| 97 | </para>
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| 98 |
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| 99 | <para>
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| 100 | At the moment <application>Rust</application> does not provide any
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| 101 | guarantees of a stable ABI.
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| 102 | </para>
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| 103 |
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| 104 | <note>
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| 105 | <para>
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| 106 | Rustc defaults to building for ALL supported architectures, using a
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| 107 | shipped copy of LLVM. In BLFS the build is only for the X86
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| 108 | architecture.
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| 109 | If you intend to develop rust crates, this build may not be good
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| 110 | enough for your purposes.
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| 111 | </para>
|
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| 112 | <para>
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| 113 | The build times of this version when repeated on the same machine are
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| 114 | often reasonably consistent, but as with all compilations using
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| 115 | <command>rustc</command> there can be some very slow outliers.
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| 116 | </para>
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| 117 | </note>
|
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| 118 |
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| 119 | &lfs120_checked;
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| 120 |
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| 121 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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| 122 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 123 | <listitem>
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| 124 | <para>
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| 125 | Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&rust-download-http;"/>
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| 126 | </para>
|
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| 127 | </listitem>
|
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| 128 | <listitem>
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| 129 | <para>
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| 130 | Download (FTP): <ulink url="&rust-download-ftp;"/>
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| 131 | </para>
|
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| 132 | </listitem>
|
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| 133 | <listitem>
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| 134 | <para>
|
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| 135 | Download MD5 sum: &rust-md5sum;
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| 136 | </para>
|
|---|
| 137 | </listitem>
|
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| 138 | <listitem>
|
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| 139 | <para>
|
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| 140 | Download size: &rust-size;
|
|---|
| 141 | </para>
|
|---|
| 142 | </listitem>
|
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| 143 | <listitem>
|
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| 144 | <para>
|
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| 145 | Estimated disk space required: &rust-buildsize;
|
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| 146 | </para>
|
|---|
| 147 | </listitem>
|
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| 148 | <listitem>
|
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| 149 | <para>
|
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| 150 | Estimated build time: &rust-time;
|
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| 151 | </para>
|
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| 152 | </listitem>
|
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| 153 | </itemizedlist>
|
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| 154 |
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| 155 | <!--<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
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| 156 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 157 | <listitem>
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| 158 | <para>
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| 159 | Required patch:
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| 160 | <ulink url="&patch-root;/rustc-&rust-version;-llvm9_fixes-1.patch"/>
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| 161 | </para>
|
|---|
| 162 | </listitem>
|
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| 163 | </itemizedlist>-->
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| 164 |
|
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| 165 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Rust Dependencies</bridgehead>
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| 166 |
|
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| 167 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
|
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| 168 | <para role="required">
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| 169 | <xref linkend="cmake"/> and
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| 170 | <!-- Required for downloading stage 0 binaries.
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| 171 | Otherwise it's recommended (if not installed, a vendored copy
|
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| 172 | will be built). -->
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| 173 | <xref linkend="curl"/>
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| 174 | </para>
|
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| 175 |
|
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| 176 | &build-use-internet;
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| 177 |
|
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| 178 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Recommended</bridgehead>
|
|---|
| 179 | <para role="recommended">
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| 180 | <xref linkend="libssh2"/> and
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| 181 | <xref linkend="llvm"/>
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| 182 | (built with -DLLVM_LINK_LLVM_DYLIB=ON so that rust can link to
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| 183 | system LLVM instead of building its shipped version)
|
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| 184 | </para>
|
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| 185 |
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| 186 | <note>
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| 187 | <para>
|
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| 188 | If a recommended dependency is not installed, a shipped copy in the
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| 189 | Rustc source tarball will be built and used.
|
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| 190 | </para>
|
|---|
| 191 | </note>
|
|---|
| 192 |
|
|---|
| 193 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
|
|---|
| 194 | <para role="optional">
|
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| 195 | <xref linkend="gdb"/> (used by the test suite if it is present),
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| 196 | <xref linkend="git"/> (required by the test suite), and
|
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| 197 | <ulink url='https://libgit2.org/'>libgit2</ulink>
|
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| 198 | </para>
|
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| 199 |
|
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| 200 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">
|
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| 201 | Editor Notes: <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/rust"/>
|
|---|
| 202 | </para>
|
|---|
| 203 | </sect2>
|
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| 204 |
|
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| 205 | <sect2 role="installation">
|
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| 206 | <title>Installation of Rust</title>
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| 207 |
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| 208 | <note>
|
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| 209 | <para>
|
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| 210 | Currently the rust compiler produces SSE2 instructions for 32-bit x86,
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| 211 | causing the generated code to be broken on 32-bit systems without a
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| 212 | SSE2-capable processor. All x86 processor models released after
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|---|
| 213 | 2004 should be SSE2-capable. Run
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|---|
| 214 | <command>lscpu | grep sse2</command> as a test. If it outputs
|
|---|
| 215 | anything, your CPU is SSE2-capable and OK. Otherwise you may try
|
|---|
| 216 | to build this package <emphasis>on a SSE2-capable system</emphasis>
|
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| 217 | with the following fix applied:
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| 218 | </para>
|
|---|
| 219 |
|
|---|
| 220 | <!-- computeroutput used deliberately to stop anyone from copying
|
|---|
| 221 | blindly -->
|
|---|
| 222 | <screen role="nodump"><computeroutput>sed 's@pentium4@pentiumpro@' -i \
|
|---|
| 223 | compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/i686_unknown_linux_gnu.rs</computeroutput></screen>
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| 224 |
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| 225 | <para>
|
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| 226 | And copy the resulting
|
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| 227 | <filename class="directory">/opt/rustc-&rust-version;</filename>
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| 228 | to the system without SSE2 capability. But this change is still
|
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| 229 | under upstream review and not tested by BLFS editors.
|
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| 230 | </para>
|
|---|
| 231 | </note>
|
|---|
| 232 |
|
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| 233 | <para>
|
|---|
| 234 | To install into the
|
|---|
| 235 | <filename class="directory">/opt</filename> directory, remove any
|
|---|
| 236 | existing <filename>/opt/rustc</filename> symlink
|
|---|
| 237 | and create a new directory (i.e. with a different name if trying a
|
|---|
| 238 | modified build of the same version).
|
|---|
| 239 | As the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
|
|---|
| 240 | user:
|
|---|
| 241 | </para>
|
|---|
| 242 |
|
|---|
| 243 | <screen role="root"><userinput>mkdir -pv /opt/rustc-&rust-version; &&
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| 244 | ln -svfn rustc-&rust-version; /opt/rustc</userinput></screen>
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| 245 |
|
|---|
| 246 | <note>
|
|---|
| 247 | <para>
|
|---|
| 248 | If multiple versions of <application>Rust</application> are installed
|
|---|
| 249 | in <filename class="directory">/opt</filename>, changing to another
|
|---|
| 250 | version only requires changing the <filename> /opt/rustc</filename>
|
|---|
| 251 | symbolic link and then running <command>ldconfig</command>.
|
|---|
| 252 | </para>
|
|---|
| 253 | </note>
|
|---|
| 254 |
|
|---|
| 255 | <para>
|
|---|
| 256 | Create a suitable <filename>config.toml</filename> file which will
|
|---|
| 257 | configure the build.
|
|---|
| 258 | </para>
|
|---|
| 259 |
|
|---|
| 260 | <screen><userinput>cat << EOF > config.toml
|
|---|
| 261 | <literal># see config.toml.example for more possible options
|
|---|
| 262 | # See the 8.4 book for an old example using shipped LLVM
|
|---|
| 263 | # e.g. if not installing clang, or using a version before 13.0
|
|---|
| 264 |
|
|---|
| 265 | # tell x.py to not keep printing an annoying warning
|
|---|
| 266 | changelog-seen = 2
|
|---|
| 267 |
|
|---|
| 268 | [llvm]
|
|---|
| 269 | # by default, rust will build for a myriad of architectures
|
|---|
| 270 | targets = "X86"
|
|---|
| 271 |
|
|---|
| 272 | # When using system llvm prefer shared libraries
|
|---|
| 273 | link-shared = true
|
|---|
| 274 |
|
|---|
| 275 | [build]
|
|---|
| 276 | # omit docs to save time and space (default is to build them)
|
|---|
| 277 | docs = false
|
|---|
| 278 |
|
|---|
| 279 | # install extended tools: cargo, clippy, etc
|
|---|
| 280 | extended = true
|
|---|
| 281 |
|
|---|
| 282 | # Do not query new versions of dependencies online.
|
|---|
| 283 | locked-deps = true
|
|---|
| 284 |
|
|---|
| 285 | # Specify which extended tools (those from the default install).
|
|---|
| 286 | tools = ["cargo", "clippy", "rustdoc", "rustfmt"]
|
|---|
| 287 |
|
|---|
| 288 | # Use the source code shipped in the tarball for the dependencies.
|
|---|
| 289 | # The combination of this and the "locked-deps" entry avoids downloading
|
|---|
| 290 | # many crates from Internet, and makes the Rustc build more stable.
|
|---|
| 291 | vendor = true
|
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| 292 |
|
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| 293 | [install]
|
|---|
| 294 | prefix = "/opt/rustc-&rust-version;"
|
|---|
| 295 | docdir = "share/doc/rustc-&rust-version;"
|
|---|
| 296 |
|
|---|
| 297 | [rust]
|
|---|
| 298 | channel = "stable"
|
|---|
| 299 | description = "for BLFS &version;"
|
|---|
| 300 |
|
|---|
| 301 | # BLFS used to not install the FileCheck executable from llvm,
|
|---|
| 302 | # so disabled codegen tests. The assembly tests rely on FileCheck
|
|---|
| 303 | # and cannot easily be disabled, so those will anyway fail if
|
|---|
| 304 | # FileCheck has not been installed.
|
|---|
| 305 | #codegen-tests = false
|
|---|
| 306 |
|
|---|
| 307 | [target.x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu]
|
|---|
| 308 | # NB the output of llvm-config (i.e. help options) may be
|
|---|
| 309 | # dumped to the screen when config.toml is parsed.
|
|---|
| 310 | llvm-config = "/usr/bin/llvm-config"
|
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| 311 |
|
|---|
| 312 | [target.i686-unknown-linux-gnu]
|
|---|
| 313 | # NB the output of llvm-config (i.e. help options) may be
|
|---|
| 314 | # dumped to the screen when config.toml is parsed.
|
|---|
| 315 | llvm-config = "/usr/bin/llvm-config"</literal>
|
|---|
| 316 | EOF</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 317 |
|
|---|
| 318 | <!--<para>
|
|---|
| 319 | Adapt rustc to allow it to build and function with the changes in LLVM-9:
|
|---|
| 320 | </para>
|
|---|
| 321 |
|
|---|
| 322 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../rustc-&rust-version;-llvm9_fixes-1.patch</userinput></screen>-->
|
|---|
| 323 |
|
|---|
| 324 | <para>
|
|---|
| 325 | Compile <application>Rust</application> by running the following
|
|---|
| 326 | commands:
|
|---|
| 327 | </para>
|
|---|
| 328 |
|
|---|
| 329 | <!-- fixed in 1.58.0, retain as a reminder that fixed crates can be used
|
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| 330 | <screen><userinput>sed -i -e '/^curl /s/0.4.38/0.4.40/' \
|
|---|
| 331 | -e '/^curl-sys /s/0.4.48/0.4.50/' \
|
|---|
| 332 | src/tools/cargo/Cargo.toml && -->
|
|---|
| 333 |
|
|---|
| 334 | <screen><userinput>{ [ ! -e /usr/include/libssh2.h ] ||
|
|---|
| 335 | export LIBSSH2_SYS_USE_PKG_CONFIG=1; } &&
|
|---|
| 336 | python3 x.py build</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 337 |
|
|---|
| 338 | <note>
|
|---|
| 339 | <para>
|
|---|
| 340 | The test suite will generate some messages in the
|
|---|
| 341 | <phrase revision="sysv">system log</phrase>
|
|---|
| 342 | <phrase revision="systemd">systemd journal</phrase>
|
|---|
| 343 | for traps on invalid opcodes, and for segmentation faults.
|
|---|
| 344 | In themselves these are nothing to worry about, just a way for the
|
|---|
| 345 | test to be terminated.
|
|---|
| 346 | </para>
|
|---|
| 347 | </note>
|
|---|
| 348 |
|
|---|
| 349 | <para>
|
|---|
| 350 | To run the tests (again using all available CPUs) issue:
|
|---|
| 351 | </para>
|
|---|
| 352 |
|
|---|
| 353 | <screen remap="test"><userinput>mkdir -pv .github/workflows &&
|
|---|
| 354 | python3 x.py run src/tools/expand-yaml-anchors &&
|
|---|
| 355 | SSL_CERT_DIR=/etc/ssl/certs \
|
|---|
| 356 | python3 x.py test --verbose --no-fail-fast | tee rustc-testlog</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 357 |
|
|---|
| 358 | <!-- https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/112209
|
|---|
| 359 | I only saw 2 failures with 1.71.1, but Rainer saw 6 ones.
|
|---|
| 360 | I don't want to find out the maximum number (by building rustc
|
|---|
| 361 | in somewhere like /a/very/long/long/long/.../long/path) so I'd
|
|---|
| 362 | just omit the exact number of failures here. -->
|
|---|
| 363 | <para>
|
|---|
| 364 | Some <literal>ui</literal> tests may fail (the number of failures
|
|---|
| 365 | depends on the length of the absolute path to the
|
|---|
| 366 | <filename class='directory'>rustc-&rust-version;-src</filename>
|
|---|
| 367 | directory). These failures can be identified by viewing the
|
|---|
| 368 | <filename>rustc-testlog</filename> file and search for the
|
|---|
| 369 | <computeroutput>note: the full type name has been written
|
|---|
| 370 | to</computeroutput>... messages and they can be safely ignored.
|
|---|
| 371 | </para>
|
|---|
| 372 |
|
|---|
| 373 | <para>
|
|---|
| 374 | If <command>FileCheck</command> from <application>LLVM</application> has
|
|---|
| 375 | not been installed, all 47 tests from the <quote>assembly</quote> suite
|
|---|
| 376 | will fail.
|
|---|
| 377 | </para>
|
|---|
| 378 |
|
|---|
| 379 | <para>
|
|---|
| 380 | On some systems, scripting the tests may result in the tests hanging on
|
|---|
| 381 | <filename>test: combine_install_with_separate_uninstall</filename>. If
|
|---|
| 382 | this happens, the problem can be worked around by pressing the Enter key.
|
|---|
| 383 | The test can also be removed with:
|
|---|
| 384 | </para>
|
|---|
| 385 |
|
|---|
| 386 | <screen role="nodump"><userinput>sed -e '/runtest combine_install_with/s/^/#/g' -i src/tools/rust-installer/test.sh</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 387 |
|
|---|
| 388 | <para>
|
|---|
| 389 | As with all large test suites, other tests might fail on some machines -
|
|---|
| 390 | if the number of additional failures is low,
|
|---|
| 391 | check the log for 'failures:' and review lines above that, particularly the
|
|---|
| 392 | 'stderr:' lines. Any mention of
|
|---|
| 393 | SIGSEGV or signal 11 in a failing test is a cause for concern.
|
|---|
| 394 | </para>
|
|---|
| 395 |
|
|---|
| 396 | <para>
|
|---|
| 397 | If you get any <emphasis>other</emphasis> failing test which reports an
|
|---|
| 398 | issue number then you should search for that issue. For example, when
|
|---|
| 399 | rustc >= 1.41.1 was built with a version of sysllvm before 10.0 the test
|
|---|
| 400 | for issue 69225 failed <ulink
|
|---|
| 401 | url="https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/69225"/> and that should be
|
|---|
| 402 | regarded as a critical failure (they released 1.41.1 because of it).
|
|---|
| 403 | Most other failures will not be critical.
|
|---|
| 404 | </para>
|
|---|
| 405 |
|
|---|
| 406 | <para>
|
|---|
| 407 | Therefore, you should determine the number of failures.
|
|---|
| 408 | </para>
|
|---|
| 409 |
|
|---|
| 410 | <para>
|
|---|
| 411 | The number of tests which passed and failed can be found by running:
|
|---|
| 412 | </para>
|
|---|
| 413 |
|
|---|
| 414 | <!-- split into two lines for narrower screen windows -->
|
|---|
| 415 | <screen remap="test"><userinput>grep '^test result:' rustc-testlog |
|
|---|
| 416 | awk '{sum1 += $4; sum2 += $6} END { print sum1 " passed; " sum2 " failed" }'</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 417 |
|
|---|
| 418 | <para>
|
|---|
| 419 | The other available fields are $8 for those which were ignored
|
|---|
| 420 | (i.e. skipped), $10 for 'measured' and $12 for 'filtered out' but both
|
|---|
| 421 | those last two are probably zero.
|
|---|
| 422 | </para>
|
|---|
| 423 |
|
|---|
| 424 | <para>
|
|---|
| 425 | Now, as the &root; user, install the package:
|
|---|
| 426 | </para>
|
|---|
| 427 |
|
|---|
| 428 | <note>
|
|---|
| 429 | <para>
|
|---|
| 430 | If <command>sudo</command> or <command>su</command> is invoked for
|
|---|
| 431 | switching to the &root; user, ensure
|
|---|
| 432 | <envar>LIBSSH2_SYS_USE_PKG_CONFIG</envar> is correctly passed or the
|
|---|
| 433 | following command may completely rebuild this package. For
|
|---|
| 434 | <command>sudo</command>, use the
|
|---|
| 435 | <option>--preserve-env=LIBSSH2_SYS_USE_PKG_CONFIG</option> option.
|
|---|
| 436 | For <command>su</command>, do <emphasis>not</emphasis> use the
|
|---|
| 437 | <option>-</option> or <option>--login</option>.
|
|---|
| 438 | </para>
|
|---|
| 439 | </note>
|
|---|
| 440 |
|
|---|
| 441 | <screen role='root'><userinput>python3 x.py install</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 442 |
|
|---|
| 443 | <!-- TODO: Report to upstream if this persists in the next release -->
|
|---|
| 444 | <para>
|
|---|
| 445 | The building system attempts to install some files twice, and during
|
|---|
| 446 | the second attempt it renames the old one (installed in the first
|
|---|
| 447 | attempt) with the <filename class='extension'>.old</filename> suffix.
|
|---|
| 448 | As the &root; user, remove these files:
|
|---|
| 449 | </para>
|
|---|
| 450 |
|
|---|
| 451 | <screen role='root'><userinput>find /opt/rustc-&rust-version; -name "*.old" -delete</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 452 |
|
|---|
| 453 | <para>
|
|---|
| 454 | Still as the &root; user, symlink a <application>Zsh</application>
|
|---|
| 455 | completion file into the correct location:
|
|---|
| 456 | </para>
|
|---|
| 457 |
|
|---|
| 458 | <screen role='root'><userinput>install -vdm755 /usr/share/zsh/site-functions &&
|
|---|
| 459 | ln -sfv /opt/rustc/share/zsh/site-functions/_cargo \
|
|---|
| 460 | /usr/share/zsh/site-functions</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 461 |
|
|---|
| 462 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 463 |
|
|---|
| 464 | <sect2 role="commands">
|
|---|
| 465 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
|
|---|
| 466 |
|
|---|
| 467 | <para>
|
|---|
| 468 | <command>ln -svfn rustc-&rust-version; /opt/rustc</command>: if this is
|
|---|
| 469 | not the first use of the <filename class="directory">/opt/rustc</filename>
|
|---|
| 470 | symlink, overwrite it by forcing, and use the '-n' flag to avoid getting
|
|---|
| 471 | confusing results from e.g. <command>ls -l</command>.
|
|---|
| 472 | </para>
|
|---|
| 473 |
|
|---|
| 474 | <para>
|
|---|
| 475 | <literal>targets = "X86"</literal>: this avoids building all the available
|
|---|
| 476 | linux cross-compilers (AArch64, MIPS, PowerPC, SystemZ, etc). Unfortunately,
|
|---|
| 477 | rust insists on installing source files for these below
|
|---|
| 478 | <filename class="directory">/opt/rustc/lib/src</filename>.
|
|---|
| 479 | </para>
|
|---|
| 480 |
|
|---|
| 481 | <para>
|
|---|
| 482 | <literal>extended = true</literal>: this installs several tools
|
|---|
| 483 | (specified by the <literal>tools</literal> entry) alongside
|
|---|
| 484 | <command>rustc</command>.
|
|---|
| 485 | </para>
|
|---|
| 486 |
|
|---|
| 487 | <para>
|
|---|
| 488 | <literal>tools = ["cargo", "clippy", "rustdoc", "rustfmt"]</literal>:
|
|---|
| 489 | only build the tools from the 'default' profile in binary command
|
|---|
| 490 | <command>rustup</command> which are recommended for most users.
|
|---|
| 491 | The other tools are unlikely to be useful unless using (old) code
|
|---|
| 492 | analyzers or editing the standard library.
|
|---|
| 493 | </para>
|
|---|
| 494 |
|
|---|
| 495 | <para>
|
|---|
| 496 | <literal>channel = "stable"</literal>: this ensures only stable features
|
|---|
| 497 | can be used, the default in <filename>config.toml</filename> is to use
|
|---|
| 498 | development features, which is not appropriate for a released version.
|
|---|
| 499 | </para>
|
|---|
| 500 |
|
|---|
| 501 | <!-- comment while using shipped LLVM -->
|
|---|
| 502 | <para>
|
|---|
| 503 | <literal>[target.x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu]</literal>: the syntax of
|
|---|
| 504 | <filename>config.toml</filename> requires an <literal>llvm-config</literal>
|
|---|
| 505 | entry for each target for which system-llvm is to be used. Change the target
|
|---|
| 506 | to <literal>[target.i686-unknown-linux-gnu]</literal> if you are building
|
|---|
| 507 | on 32-bit x86. This whole section may be omitted if you wish to build
|
|---|
| 508 | against the shipped llvm, or do not have clang, but the resulting build will
|
|---|
| 509 | be larger and take longer.
|
|---|
| 510 | </para>
|
|---|
| 511 |
|
|---|
| 512 | <!--<para>
|
|---|
| 513 | <command>sed -i -e '/^curl /s/0.4.38/0.4.40/' ... </command>: two crates
|
|---|
| 514 | normally downloaded for this release do not correctly initialise
|
|---|
| 515 | <application>curl</application> if using
|
|---|
| 516 | <application>openssl-3.0.0</application>. Upstream has fixed that for a
|
|---|
| 517 | future release, this sed causes the fixed versions to be used.
|
|---|
| 518 | </para>-->
|
|---|
| 519 |
|
|---|
| 520 | <!-- https://github.com/alexcrichton/ssh2-rs/issues/173 -->
|
|---|
| 521 | <para>
|
|---|
| 522 | <command>export LIBSSH2_SYS_USE_PKG_CONFIG=1</command>: Allow
|
|---|
| 523 | <command>cargo</command> to link to system libssh2.
|
|---|
| 524 | </para>
|
|---|
| 525 |
|
|---|
| 526 | <!--<para>
|
|---|
| 527 | <command>export RUSTFLAGS="$RUSTFLAGS -C link-args=-lffi"</command>:
|
|---|
| 528 | This adds a link to libffi to any RUSTFLAGS you may already be passing
|
|---|
| 529 | to the build. On some systems, linking fails to include libffi unless
|
|---|
| 530 | this is used. The reason why this is needed is not clear.
|
|---|
| 531 | 2023-01-14 : assumed to be no longer needed, but it is some years
|
|---|
| 532 | since one person reported needing this, keep it commented for the moment.
|
|---|
| 533 | </para>-->
|
|---|
| 534 |
|
|---|
| 535 | <!-- https://github.com/alexcrichton/openssl-probe/issues/25 -->
|
|---|
| 536 | <para>
|
|---|
| 537 | <envar>SSL_CERT_DIR=/etc/ssl/certs</envar>: Work around an issue
|
|---|
| 538 | causing test failures with the CA certificate store layout used by
|
|---|
| 539 | <xref linkend='make-ca'/>.
|
|---|
| 540 | </para>
|
|---|
| 541 |
|
|---|
| 542 | <para>
|
|---|
| 543 | <parameter>--verbose</parameter>: this switch can sometimes provide more
|
|---|
| 544 | information about a test which fails.
|
|---|
| 545 | </para>
|
|---|
| 546 |
|
|---|
| 547 | <para>
|
|---|
| 548 | <parameter>--no-fail-fast</parameter>: this switch ensures that the test suite
|
|---|
| 549 | will not stop at the first error.
|
|---|
| 550 | </para>
|
|---|
| 551 |
|
|---|
| 552 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 553 |
|
|---|
| 554 | <sect2 role="configuration">
|
|---|
| 555 | <title>Configuring Rust</title>
|
|---|
| 556 |
|
|---|
| 557 | <sect3 id="rustc-config">
|
|---|
| 558 | <title>Configuration Information</title>
|
|---|
| 559 |
|
|---|
| 560 | <para>
|
|---|
| 561 | If you installed <application>rustc</application> in
|
|---|
| 562 | <filename class="directory">/opt</filename>, you need to update the
|
|---|
| 563 | following configuration files so that <application>rustc</application>
|
|---|
| 564 | is correctly found by other packages and system processes.
|
|---|
| 565 | </para>
|
|---|
| 566 |
|
|---|
| 567 | <para>
|
|---|
| 568 | As the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user, create
|
|---|
| 569 | the <filename>/etc/profile.d/rustc.sh</filename> file:
|
|---|
| 570 | </para>
|
|---|
| 571 |
|
|---|
| 572 | <screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/profile.d/rustc.sh << "EOF"
|
|---|
| 573 | <literal># Begin /etc/profile.d/rustc.sh
|
|---|
| 574 |
|
|---|
| 575 | pathprepend /opt/rustc/bin PATH
|
|---|
| 576 |
|
|---|
| 577 | # Include /opt/rustc/man in the MANPATH variable to access manual pages
|
|---|
| 578 | pathappend /opt/rustc/share/man MANPATH
|
|---|
| 579 |
|
|---|
| 580 | # End /etc/profile.d/rustc.sh</literal>
|
|---|
| 581 | EOF</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 582 |
|
|---|
| 583 | <para>
|
|---|
| 584 | Immediately after installation, update the current PATH
|
|---|
| 585 | for your current shell as a normal user:
|
|---|
| 586 | </para>
|
|---|
| 587 |
|
|---|
| 588 | <screen><userinput>source /etc/profile.d/rustc.sh</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 589 |
|
|---|
| 590 | </sect3>
|
|---|
| 591 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 592 |
|
|---|
| 593 |
|
|---|
| 594 | <sect2 role="content">
|
|---|
| 595 | <title>Contents</title>
|
|---|
| 596 |
|
|---|
| 597 | <segmentedlist>
|
|---|
| 598 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
|
|---|
| 599 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
|
|---|
| 600 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
|
|---|
| 601 |
|
|---|
| 602 | <seglistitem>
|
|---|
| 603 | <seg>
|
|---|
| 604 | cargo-clippy, cargo-fmt, cargo, clippy-driver, rust-gdb,
|
|---|
| 605 | rust-gdbgui, rust-lldb, rustc, rustdoc, and rustfmt
|
|---|
| 606 | </seg>
|
|---|
| 607 | <seg>
|
|---|
| 608 | librustc-driver-<16-byte-hash>.so,
|
|---|
| 609 | libstd-<16-byte-hash>.so, and
|
|---|
| 610 | libtest-<16-byte-hash>.so
|
|---|
| 611 | </seg>
|
|---|
| 612 | <seg>
|
|---|
| 613 | ~/.cargo,
|
|---|
| 614 | /opt/rustc, symbolic link to
|
|---|
| 615 | /opt/rustc-&rust-version;
|
|---|
| 616 | </seg>
|
|---|
| 617 | </seglistitem>
|
|---|
| 618 | </segmentedlist>
|
|---|
| 619 |
|
|---|
| 620 | <variablelist>
|
|---|
| 621 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
|---|
| 622 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
|---|
| 623 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
|---|
| 624 |
|
|---|
| 625 | <varlistentry id="cargo-clippy">
|
|---|
| 626 | <term><command>cargo-clippy</command></term>
|
|---|
| 627 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 628 | <para>
|
|---|
| 629 | provides lint checks for a cargo package
|
|---|
| 630 | </para>
|
|---|
| 631 | <indexterm zone="rust cargo-clippy">
|
|---|
| 632 | <primary sortas="b-cargo-clippy">cargo-clippy</primary>
|
|---|
| 633 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 634 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 635 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 636 |
|
|---|
| 637 | <varlistentry id="cargo-fmt">
|
|---|
| 638 | <term><command>cargo-fmt</command></term>
|
|---|
| 639 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 640 | <para>
|
|---|
| 641 | formats all bin and lib files of the current crate using
|
|---|
| 642 | rustfmt
|
|---|
| 643 | </para>
|
|---|
| 644 | <indexterm zone="rust cargo-fmt">
|
|---|
| 645 | <primary sortas="b-cargo-fmt">cargo-fmt</primary>
|
|---|
| 646 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 647 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 648 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 649 |
|
|---|
| 650 | <!-- <varlistentry id="cargo-miri">
|
|---|
| 651 | <term><command>cargo-miri</command></term>
|
|---|
| 652 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 653 | <para>
|
|---|
| 654 | is for use by Miri to interpret bin crates and tests. It is
|
|---|
| 655 | not installed by default.
|
|---|
| 656 | </para>
|
|---|
| 657 | <indexterm zone="rust cargo-miri">
|
|---|
| 658 | <primary sortas="b-cargo-miri">cargo-miri</primary>
|
|---|
| 659 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 660 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 661 | </varlistentry>-->
|
|---|
| 662 |
|
|---|
| 663 | <varlistentry id="cargo">
|
|---|
| 664 | <term><command>cargo</command></term>
|
|---|
| 665 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 666 | <para>
|
|---|
| 667 | is the Package Manager for Rust
|
|---|
| 668 | </para>
|
|---|
| 669 | <indexterm zone="rust cargo">
|
|---|
| 670 | <primary sortas="b-cargo">cargo</primary>
|
|---|
| 671 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 672 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 673 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 674 |
|
|---|
| 675 | <varlistentry id="clippy-driver">
|
|---|
| 676 | <term><command>clippy-driver</command></term>
|
|---|
| 677 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 678 | <para>
|
|---|
| 679 | provides lint checks for Rust
|
|---|
| 680 | </para>
|
|---|
| 681 | <indexterm zone="rust clippy-driver">
|
|---|
| 682 | <primary sortas="b-clippy-driver">clippy-driver</primary>
|
|---|
| 683 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 684 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 685 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 686 |
|
|---|
| 687 | <!-- <varlistentry id="miri">
|
|---|
| 688 | <term><command>miri</command></term>
|
|---|
| 689 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 690 | <para>
|
|---|
| 691 | is an interpreter for Rust's mid-level intermediate representation
|
|---|
| 692 | (MIR). It is not installed by default.
|
|---|
| 693 | </para>
|
|---|
| 694 | <indexterm zone="rust miri">
|
|---|
| 695 | <primary sortas="b-miri">miri</primary>
|
|---|
| 696 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 697 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 698 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 699 |
|
|---|
| 700 | <varlistentry id="rls">
|
|---|
| 701 | <term><command>rls</command></term>
|
|---|
| 702 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 703 | <para>
|
|---|
| 704 | is the Rust Language Server. This can run in the background to
|
|---|
| 705 | provide IDEs, editors, and other tools with information about Rust
|
|---|
| 706 | programs
|
|---|
| 707 | </para>
|
|---|
| 708 | <indexterm zone="rust rls">
|
|---|
| 709 | <primary sortas="b-rls">rls</primary>
|
|---|
| 710 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 711 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 712 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 713 |
|
|---|
| 714 | <varlistentry id="rust-analyzer">
|
|---|
| 715 | <term><command>rust-analyzer</command></term>
|
|---|
| 716 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 717 | <para>
|
|---|
| 718 | is an implementation of Language Server Protocol for the Rust
|
|---|
| 719 | programming language.
|
|---|
| 720 | </para>
|
|---|
| 721 | <indexterm zone="rust rust-analyzer">
|
|---|
| 722 | <primary sortas="b-rust-analyzer">rust-analyzer</primary>
|
|---|
| 723 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 724 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 725 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 726 |
|
|---|
| 727 | <varlistentry id="rust-demangler">
|
|---|
| 728 | <term><command>rust-demangler</command></term>
|
|---|
| 729 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 730 | <para>
|
|---|
| 731 | converts a list of Rust mangled symbols into a
|
|---|
| 732 | corresponding list of demangled symbols
|
|---|
| 733 | </para>
|
|---|
| 734 | <indexterm zone="rust rust-demangler">
|
|---|
| 735 | <primary sortas="b-rust-demangler">rust-demangler</primary>
|
|---|
| 736 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 737 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 738 | </varlistentry> -->
|
|---|
| 739 |
|
|---|
| 740 | <varlistentry id="rust-gdb">
|
|---|
| 741 | <term><command>rust-gdb</command></term>
|
|---|
| 742 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 743 | <para>
|
|---|
| 744 | is a wrapper script for gdb, pulling in Python pretty-printing
|
|---|
| 745 | modules installed in
|
|---|
| 746 | <filename class="directory">/opt/rustc-&rust-version;/lib/rustlib/etc</filename>
|
|---|
| 747 | </para>
|
|---|
| 748 | <indexterm zone="rust rust-gdb">
|
|---|
| 749 | <primary sortas="b-rust-gdb">rust-gdb</primary>
|
|---|
| 750 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 751 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 752 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 753 |
|
|---|
| 754 | <varlistentry id="rust-gdbgui">
|
|---|
| 755 | <term><command>rust-gdbgui</command></term>
|
|---|
| 756 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 757 | <para>
|
|---|
| 758 | is a wrapper script for a graphical front end to gdb that runs in a
|
|---|
| 759 | browser
|
|---|
| 760 | </para>
|
|---|
| 761 | <indexterm zone="rust rust-gdbgui">
|
|---|
| 762 | <primary sortas="b-rust-gdbgui">rust-gdbgui</primary>
|
|---|
| 763 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 764 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 765 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 766 |
|
|---|
| 767 | <varlistentry id="rust-lldb">
|
|---|
| 768 | <term><command>rust-lldb</command></term>
|
|---|
| 769 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 770 | <para>
|
|---|
| 771 | is a wrapper script for LLDB (the LLVM debugger)
|
|---|
| 772 | pulling in the Python pretty-printing modules
|
|---|
| 773 | </para>
|
|---|
| 774 | <indexterm zone="rust rust-lldb">
|
|---|
| 775 | <primary sortas="b-rust-lldb">rust=lldb</primary>
|
|---|
| 776 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 777 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 778 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 779 |
|
|---|
| 780 | <varlistentry id="rustc">
|
|---|
| 781 | <term><command>rustc</command></term>
|
|---|
| 782 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 783 | <para>
|
|---|
| 784 | is the rust compiler
|
|---|
| 785 | </para>
|
|---|
| 786 | <indexterm zone="rust rustc">
|
|---|
| 787 | <primary sortas="b-rustc">rustc</primary>
|
|---|
| 788 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 789 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 790 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 791 |
|
|---|
| 792 | <varlistentry id="rustdoc">
|
|---|
| 793 | <term><command>rustdoc</command></term>
|
|---|
| 794 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 795 | <para>
|
|---|
| 796 | generates documentation from rust source code
|
|---|
| 797 | </para>
|
|---|
| 798 | <indexterm zone="rust rustdoc">
|
|---|
| 799 | <primary sortas="b-rustdoc">rustdoc</primary>
|
|---|
| 800 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 801 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 802 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 803 |
|
|---|
| 804 | <varlistentry id="rustfmt">
|
|---|
| 805 | <term><command>rustfmt</command></term>
|
|---|
| 806 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 807 | <para>
|
|---|
| 808 | formats rust code
|
|---|
| 809 | </para>
|
|---|
| 810 | <indexterm zone="rust rustfmt">
|
|---|
| 811 | <primary sortas="b-rustfmt">rustfmt</primary>
|
|---|
| 812 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 813 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 814 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 815 |
|
|---|
| 816 | <varlistentry id="libstd">
|
|---|
| 817 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libstd-<16-byte-hash>.so</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 818 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 819 | <para>
|
|---|
| 820 | is the Rust Standard Library, the foundation of portable Rust software
|
|---|
| 821 | </para>
|
|---|
| 822 | <indexterm zone="rust libstd">
|
|---|
| 823 | <primary sortas="c-libstd">libstd-<16-byte-hash>.so</primary>
|
|---|
| 824 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 825 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 826 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 827 | </variablelist>
|
|---|
| 828 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 829 |
|
|---|
| 830 | </sect1>
|
|---|
