source: general/sysutils/autofs.xml@ d6c6562

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
   "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
  %general-entities;

  <!ENTITY autofs-download-http "&kernel-dl;/linux/daemons/autofs/v5/autofs-&autofs-version;.tar.xz">
  <!ENTITY autofs-download-ftp  " ">
  <!ENTITY autofs-md5sum        "57a6791e596b8b8ee2c4c50420881180">
  <!ENTITY autofs-size          "296 KB">
  <!ENTITY autofs-buildsize     "7.7 MB">
  <!ENTITY autofs-time          "0.1 SBU">
]>

<sect1 id="autofs" xreflabel="Autofs-&autofs-version;">
  <?dbhtml filename="autofs.html"?>

  <sect1info>
    <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
    <date>$Date$</date>
  </sect1info>

  <title>autofs-&autofs-version;</title>

  <indexterm zone="autofs">
    <primary sortas="a-Autofs">Autofs</primary>
  </indexterm>

  <sect2 role="package">
    <title>Introduction to Autofs</title>

    <para>
      <application>Autofs</application> controls the operation of the automount
      daemons. The automount daemons automatically mount filesystems when they
      are accessed and unmount them after a period of inactivity. This is done
      based on a set of pre-configured maps.
    </para>

    &lfs80_checked;

    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
    <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
      <listitem>
        <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&autofs-download-http;"/></para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&autofs-download-ftp;"/></para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Download MD5 sum: &autofs-md5sum;</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Download size: &autofs-size;</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Estimated disk space required: &autofs-buildsize;</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Estimated build time: &autofs-time;</para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Autofs Dependencies</bridgehead>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
    <para role="optional">
      <xref linkend="libtirpc"/>,
      <xref linkend="nfs-utils"/>,
      <xref linkend="libxml2"/>,
      <xref linkend="mitkrb"/>,
      <xref linkend="openldap"/> (client only), and
      <xref linkend="cyrus-sasl"/>
    </para>

    <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
    <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/autofs"/></para>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="kernel" id="autofs-kernel">
    <title>Kernel Configuration</title>

    <indexterm zone="autofs autofs-kernel">
      <primary sortas="d-Automounter">Automounter</primary>
    </indexterm>

    <para>
      Verify that automounter kernel support has been enabled:
    </para>

<screen><literal>File systems ---&gt;
  &lt;*/M&gt; Kernel automounter version 4 support (also supports v3) [CONFIG_AUTOFS4_FS]</literal></screen>

    <para>
      Optionally, enable the following options in the kernel configuration:
    </para>

<screen><literal>File systems  ---&gt;
  [*] Network File Systems  ---&gt;                                      [CONFIG_NETWORK_FILESYSTEMS]
    &lt;*/M&gt; NFS client support                                          [CONFIG_NFS_FS]
    &lt;*/M&gt; CIFS support (advanced network filesystem, SMBFS successor) [CONFIG_CIFS]</literal></screen>

    <para>Recompile and install the new kernel, if necessary.</para>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="installation">

    <title>Installation of Autofs</title>

    <para>Install <application>Autofs</application> by running the following
    commands:</para>

<screen revision="sysv"><userinput>./configure --prefix=/         \
            --without-openldap \
            --mandir=/usr/share/man &amp;&amp;
make</userinput></screen>

<screen revision="systemd"><userinput>./configure --prefix=/         \
            --with-systemd     \            
            --without-openldap \
            --mandir=/usr/share/man &amp;&amp;
make</userinput></screen>

    <para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>

    <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="commands">
    <title>Command Explanations</title>

    <para revision="systemd">
      <parameter>--with-systemd</parameter>: This switch enables installation
      of the bundled systemd units.
    </para>

    <para>
      <parameter>--without-openldap</parameter>: This switch disables openldap
      if found.  If openldap is desired, omit this switch.  Note that openldap
      support in autofs requires <xref linkend="mitkrb"/>.
    </para>

    <para>
      <option>--with-libtirpc</option>: This switch enables libtirpc support if
      available.
    </para>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="configuration">
    <title>Configuring Autofs</title>

    <sect3 id="autofs-config">
      <title>Config Files</title>

      <para><filename>/etc/sysconfig/autofs.conf</filename>,
      <filename>/etc/auto.master</filename>,
      <filename>/etc/auto.misc</filename>, and
      <filename>/etc/auto.net</filename></para>

      <indexterm zone="autofs autofs-config" >
        <primary sortas="e-etc-sysconfig-autofs.conf">/etc/sysconfig/autofs.conf</primary>
      </indexterm>

      <indexterm zone="autofs autofs-config">
        <primary sortas="e-etc-auto.master">/etc/auto.master</primary>
      </indexterm>

      <indexterm zone="autofs autofs-config">
        <primary sortas="e-etc-auto.misc">/etc/auto.misc</primary>
      </indexterm>

      <indexterm zone="autofs autofs-config">
        <primary sortas="e-etc-auto.net">/etc/auto.net</primary>
      </indexterm>

    </sect3>

    <sect3>
      <title>Configuration Information</title>

      <para>The installation process creates <filename>auto.master</filename>,
      <filename>auto.misc</filename>,  <filename>auto.smb</filename>, and
      <filename>auto.net</filename>. Replace the
      <filename>auto.master</filename> file with the following commands
      as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>mv /etc/auto.master /etc/auto.master.bak &amp;&amp;
cat &gt; /etc/auto.master &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal># Begin /etc/auto.master

/media/auto  /etc/auto.misc  --ghost
#/home        /etc/auto.home

# End /etc/auto.master</literal>
EOF</userinput></screen>

      <para>This file creates a new media directory, <filename>/media/auto</filename>
      that will overlay any existing directory of the same name.  In this example,
      the file, <filename>/etc/auto.misc</filename>, has a line:</para>

<screen>cd   -fstype=iso9660,ro,nosuid,nodev :/dev/cdrom</screen>

      <para>that will mount a cdrom as <filename>/media/auto/cd</filename> if
      that directory is accessed.  The <option>--ghost</option> option tells
      the automounter to create <quote>ghost</quote> versions (i.e. empty
      directories) of all the mount points listed in the configuration file
      regardless whether any of the file systems are actually mounted or not.
      This is very convenient and highly recommended, because it will show you
      the available auto-mountable file systems as existing directories, even
      when their file systems aren't currently mounted. Without the
      <option>--ghost</option> option, you'll have to remember the names of the
      directories. As soon as you try to access one of them, the directory will
      be created and the file system will be mounted. When the file system gets
      unmounted again, the directory is destroyed too, unless the
      <option>--ghost</option> option was given.</para>

      <note>
        <para>An alternative method would be to specify another automount
        location such as <filename
        class='directory'>/var/lib/auto/cdrom</filename> and create a
        symbolic link from <filename class='directory'>/media/cdrom</filename>
        to the automount location.</para>
      </note>

      <para>The <filename>auto.misc</filename> file must be configured to your
      working hardware. The loaded configuration file should load your cdrom
      if <filename>/dev/cdrom</filename> is active or it can be edited to
      match your device setup.  Examples for floppies are available in the file
      and easily activated. Documentation for this file is available using the
      <command>man 5 autofs</command> command.</para>

      <para>In the second line, if enabled, a user's home directory would be
      mounted via NFS upon login.  The <filename>/etc/home.auto</filename>
      would need to exist and have an entry similar to:</para>

<screen>joe  example.org:/export/home/joe</screen>

      <para>where the directory <filename>/export/home/joe</filename> is
      exported via NFS from the system example.org.  NFS shares
      are covered on the next page.</para>

      <para>This package could also be used to mount SMB shares, however that
      feature is not configured in these instructions.  For additional
      configuration information, see the man pages for auto.master(5).  There
      are also web resources such as this <ulink
      url='http://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Autofs'>AUTOFS
      HOWTO</ulink> available.</para>

    </sect3>

    <sect3  id="autofs-init">
      <title><phrase revision="sysv">Boot Script</phrase>
             <phrase revision="systemd">Systemd Unit</phrase></title>

      <para revision="sysv"><application>autofs</application> installs its own
      boot script, but it has no capability for logging or visual conformance
      with other BLFS scripts.</para>

      <para revision="sysv">Install the <filename>/etc/init.d/autofs</filename>
      mount script included with the <xref linkend="bootscripts"/>
      package.</para>

      <para revision="systemd">
        To start <application>Autofs</application> at boot, enable the
        previously installed systemd unit by running the following command as
        the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
      </para>

      <indexterm zone="autofs autofs-init">
        <primary sortas="f-autofs-init">autofs</primary>
      </indexterm>

<screen role="root" revision="sysv"><userinput>make install-autofs</userinput></screen>

<screen role="root" revision="systemd"><userinput>systemctl enable autofs</userinput></screen>

      <para revision="sysv">The time-out variable is set in
      <filename>/etc/sysconfig/autofs.conf</filename>. The installed file sets
      a default of 60 seconds of inactivity before unmounting the device.  A
      much shorter time may be necessary to protect buffer writing to a floppy
      if users tend to remove the media prior to the timeout setting.</para>

      <note revision="systemd">
        <para>
          You can also specify <envar>OPTIONS</envar> variable in the
          <filename>/etc/sysconfig/autofs</filename> file with any additional
          parameters that you might want to pass to the automount daemon.
        </para>
      </note>

    </sect3>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="content">
    <title>Contents</title>

    <segmentedlist>
      <segtitle>Installed Program</segtitle>
      <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
      <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>

      <seglistitem>
        <seg>automount</seg>
        <seg>
          lookup_dir.so, lookup_file.so, lookup_files.so, lookup_hosts.so,
          lookup_ldap.so, lookup_multi.so, lookup_nis.so, lookup_nisplus.so,
          lookup_program.so, lookup_userhome.so, lookup_yp.so, mount_afs.so,
          mount_autofs.so, mount_bind.so, mount_changer.so, mount_ext2.so,
          mount_ext3.so, mount_ext4.so, mount_generic.so, mount_nfs.so,
          mount_nfs4.so, parse_amd.so, and parse_sun.so
           </seg>
        <seg>/lib/autofs</seg>
      </seglistitem>
    </segmentedlist>

    <variablelist>
      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
      <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>

      <varlistentry id="automount">
        <term><command>automount</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>is the daemon that performs the mounting when a request is
          made for the device.</para>
          <indexterm zone="autofs automount">
            <primary sortas="b-automount">automount</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

    </variablelist>

  </sect2>

</sect1>