| 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
|---|
| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
|
|---|
| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
|
|---|
| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
|
|---|
| 5 | %general-entities;
|
|---|
| 6 |
|
|---|
| 7 | <!ENTITY hal-download-http "http://hal.freedesktop.org/releases/hal-&hal-version;.tar.gz">
|
|---|
| 8 | <!ENTITY hal-download-ftp " ">
|
|---|
| 9 | <!ENTITY hal-md5sum "bb7c36e142437f7363f9a80ae8391926">
|
|---|
| 10 | <!ENTITY hal-size "900 KB">
|
|---|
| 11 | <!ENTITY hal-buildsize "24 MB">
|
|---|
| 12 | <!ENTITY hal-time "0.4 SBU">
|
|---|
| 13 |
|
|---|
| 14 | <!ENTITY hal-info-version "20090414">
|
|---|
| 15 | <!ENTITY hal-info-download-http "http://hal.freedesktop.org/releases/hal-info-&hal-info-version;.tar.gz">
|
|---|
| 16 | <!ENTITY hal-info-download-ftp " ">
|
|---|
| 17 | <!ENTITY hal-info-md5sum "ae7177ab8f0163d3ef2df71f0de2b357">
|
|---|
| 18 | <!ENTITY hal-info-size "140 KB">
|
|---|
| 19 | ]>
|
|---|
| 20 |
|
|---|
| 21 | <sect1 id="hal" xreflabel="HAL-&hal-version;">
|
|---|
| 22 | <?dbhtml filename="hal.html"?>
|
|---|
| 23 |
|
|---|
| 24 | <sect1info>
|
|---|
| 25 | <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
|
|---|
| 26 | <date>$Date$</date>
|
|---|
| 27 | </sect1info>
|
|---|
| 28 |
|
|---|
| 29 | <title>HAL-&hal-version;</title>
|
|---|
| 30 |
|
|---|
| 31 | <indexterm zone="hal">
|
|---|
| 32 | <primary sortas="a-HAL">HAL</primary>
|
|---|
| 33 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 34 |
|
|---|
| 35 | <sect2 role="package">
|
|---|
| 36 | <title>Introduction to HAL</title>
|
|---|
| 37 |
|
|---|
| 38 | <para><application>HAL</application> is a hardware abstraction layer, which
|
|---|
| 39 | is a piece of software that provides a view of the various hardware
|
|---|
| 40 | attached to a system. In addition to this, <application>HAL</application>
|
|---|
| 41 | keeps detailed metadata for each piece of hardware and provides hooks such
|
|---|
| 42 | that system and desktop-level software can react to changes in the hardware
|
|---|
| 43 | configuration in order to maintain system policy.</para>
|
|---|
| 44 |
|
|---|
| 45 | <para>The most important goal of <application>HAL</application> is to
|
|---|
| 46 | provide plug-and-play facilities for UNIX-like desktops with focus on
|
|---|
| 47 | providing a rich and extensible description of device characteristics and
|
|---|
| 48 | features. One example of the functionality provided by
|
|---|
| 49 | <application>HAL</application> is when you plug in a USB storage device.
|
|---|
| 50 | <application>HAL</application> can automatically create a mount point in
|
|---|
| 51 | <filename class="directory">/media</filename> and mount the device.</para>
|
|---|
| 52 |
|
|---|
| 53 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
|
|---|
| 54 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
|
|---|
| 55 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 56 | <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&hal-download-http;"/></para>
|
|---|
| 57 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 58 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 59 | <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&hal-download-ftp;"/></para>
|
|---|
| 60 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 61 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 62 | <para>Download MD5 sum: &hal-md5sum;</para>
|
|---|
| 63 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 64 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 65 | <para>Download size: &hal-size;</para>
|
|---|
| 66 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 67 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 68 | <para>Estimated disk space required: &hal-buildsize;</para>
|
|---|
| 69 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 70 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 71 | <para>Estimated build time: &hal-time;</para>
|
|---|
| 72 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 73 | </itemizedlist>
|
|---|
| 74 |
|
|---|
| 75 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Package Download</bridgehead>
|
|---|
| 76 | <itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
|
|---|
| 77 | <title>Required Hardware Data</title>
|
|---|
| 78 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 79 | <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&hal-info-download-http;"/></para>
|
|---|
| 80 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 81 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 82 | <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&hal-info-download-ftp;"/></para>
|
|---|
| 83 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 84 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 85 | <para>Download MD5 sum: &hal-info-md5sum;</para>
|
|---|
| 86 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 87 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 88 | <para>Download size: &hal-info-size;</para>
|
|---|
| 89 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 90 | </itemizedlist>
|
|---|
| 91 |
|
|---|
| 92 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">HAL Dependencies</bridgehead>
|
|---|
| 93 |
|
|---|
| 94 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
|
|---|
| 95 | <para role="required"><xref linkend="dbus-glib"/> and
|
|---|
| 96 | <xref linkend="perl-xml-parser"/></para>
|
|---|
| 97 |
|
|---|
| 98 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Recommended</bridgehead>
|
|---|
| 99 | <para role="recommended"><xref linkend="pciutils"/>
|
|---|
| 100 | (with a current <filename>pci.ids</filename> file) and
|
|---|
| 101 | <xref linkend="usbutils"/>
|
|---|
| 102 | (with a current <filename>usb.ids</filename> file)</para>
|
|---|
| 103 |
|
|---|
| 104 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional (to Build
|
|---|
| 105 | <command>hal-device-manager</command>)</bridgehead>
|
|---|
| 106 | <para role="optional"><xref linkend="python"/></para>
|
|---|
| 107 |
|
|---|
| 108 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional (to Create Documentation)</bridgehead>
|
|---|
| 109 | <para role="optional"><xref linkend="xmlto"/></para>
|
|---|
| 110 |
|
|---|
| 111 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
|
|---|
| 112 | <para role="optional"><xref linkend="gtk-doc"/>,
|
|---|
| 113 | <ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/parted/index.shtml">Parted</ulink>*,
|
|---|
| 114 | <ulink url="http://linux.dell.com/libsmbios/main/index.html">libsmbios</ulink>,
|
|---|
| 115 | <xref linkend="policykit"/>,
|
|---|
| 116 | and <xref linkend="intltool"/></para>
|
|---|
| 117 |
|
|---|
| 118 | <para>* Use the following command after changing into the
|
|---|
| 119 | <application>HAL</application> source directory to modify the package
|
|---|
| 120 | <command>configure</command> script if you have
|
|---|
| 121 | <application>Parted</application> version 1.8.7 installed.</para>
|
|---|
| 122 |
|
|---|
| 123 | <screen><userinput>sed -i -e 's%, 1.8.6%&, 1.8.7%' \
|
|---|
| 124 | -e 's% or 1.8.6%/1.8.6 or 1.8.7%' \
|
|---|
| 125 | -e 's%6))%6) ||\
|
|---|
| 126 | (major == 1 \&\& minor == 8 \&\& micro == 7))%' \
|
|---|
| 127 | configure</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 128 |
|
|---|
| 129 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
|
|---|
| 130 | <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/hal"/></para>
|
|---|
| 131 |
|
|---|
| 132 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 133 |
|
|---|
| 134 | <sect2 role="installation">
|
|---|
| 135 | <title>Installation of HAL</title>
|
|---|
| 136 |
|
|---|
| 137 | <para>You must create a dedicated user and group before installing the
|
|---|
| 138 | package. Though the default BLFS instructions run the
|
|---|
| 139 | <application>HAL</application> daemon as the
|
|---|
| 140 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user, a configuration file
|
|---|
| 141 | is installed which has the dedicated user's name hard-coded in it. This
|
|---|
| 142 | causes a confusing message to be generated when starting the
|
|---|
| 143 | <application>D-BUS</application> daemon. Issue the following commands as
|
|---|
| 144 | the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
|
|---|
| 145 |
|
|---|
| 146 | <screen role="root"><userinput>groupadd -g 19 haldaemon &&
|
|---|
| 147 | useradd -c "HAL Daemon User" -d /dev/null -u 19 \
|
|---|
| 148 | -g haldaemon -s /bin/false haldaemon</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 149 |
|
|---|
| 150 | <para>Install <application>HAL</application> by running the following
|
|---|
| 151 | commands:</para>
|
|---|
| 152 |
|
|---|
| 153 | <screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr \
|
|---|
| 154 | --sysconfdir=/etc \
|
|---|
| 155 | --libexecdir=/usr/lib/hal \
|
|---|
| 156 | --localstatedir=/var &&
|
|---|
| 157 | make</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 158 |
|
|---|
| 159 | <para>To test the results, issue <command>make check</command>.</para>
|
|---|
| 160 |
|
|---|
| 161 | <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
|
|---|
| 162 |
|
|---|
| 163 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 164 |
|
|---|
| 165 | <para>Install the <application>HAL</application> hardware data with the
|
|---|
| 166 | following commands:</para>
|
|---|
| 167 |
|
|---|
| 168 | <screen><userinput>tar -xf ../hal-info-&hal-info-version;.tar.gz &&
|
|---|
| 169 | cd hal-info-&hal-info-version; &&
|
|---|
| 170 | ./configure --prefix=/usr</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 171 |
|
|---|
| 172 | <para>Finally, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
|
|---|
| 173 |
|
|---|
| 174 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 175 |
|
|---|
| 176 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 177 |
|
|---|
| 178 | <sect2 role="commands">
|
|---|
| 179 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
|
|---|
| 180 |
|
|---|
| 181 | <para><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/hal</parameter>: This parameter
|
|---|
| 182 | forces the installation of libexec files to
|
|---|
| 183 | <filename class='directory'>/usr/lib/hal</filename> instead of
|
|---|
| 184 | <filename class='directory'>/usr/libexec</filename>.</para>
|
|---|
| 185 |
|
|---|
| 186 | <para><parameter>--localstatedir=/var</parameter>: This parameter forces
|
|---|
| 187 | the creation of the <filename>pid</filename> file to
|
|---|
| 188 | <filename class='directory'>/var/run/hald</filename> instead of
|
|---|
| 189 | <filename class='directory'>/usr/var/run/hald</filename>.</para>
|
|---|
| 190 |
|
|---|
| 191 | <para><parameter>--enable-docbook-docs
|
|---|
| 192 | --docdir=/usr/share/doc/hal-&hal-version;</parameter>: If <xref
|
|---|
| 193 | linkend="xmlto"/> is available, these parameters enable the
|
|---|
| 194 | <application>HAL</application> specification documentation to be
|
|---|
| 195 | built.</para>
|
|---|
| 196 |
|
|---|
| 197 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 198 |
|
|---|
| 199 | <sect2>
|
|---|
| 200 | <title>Run-Time Dependencies</title>
|
|---|
| 201 |
|
|---|
| 202 | <para>A few more packages enable more functionality in
|
|---|
| 203 | <application>HAL</application> at run-time. These include <ulink
|
|---|
| 204 | url="http://ca.geocities.com/jefftranter@rogers.com/eject.html">Eject</ulink>,
|
|---|
| 205 | <xref linkend="consolekit"/>,
|
|---|
| 206 | <ulink url="http://www.nongnu.org/dmidecode/">dmidecode</ulink>,
|
|---|
| 207 | <ulink url="http://sourceware.org/dm/">Device-mapper</ulink>,
|
|---|
| 208 | <ulink url="http://luks.endorphin.org/dm-crypt">Cryptsetup-LUKS</ulink>, and
|
|---|
| 209 | <ulink url="http://pm-utils.freedesktop.org/wiki/">pm-utils</ulink>.</para>
|
|---|
| 210 |
|
|---|
| 211 | <para>The <xref linkend="hal-device-manager"/> program requires several
|
|---|
| 212 | additional <application>Python</application> modules to be available at
|
|---|
| 213 | runtime. These are <xref linkend="dbus-python"/>,
|
|---|
| 214 | <xref linkend="pygtk"/> (including the gtk and gtk.libglade modules), and
|
|---|
| 215 | <xref linkend="gnome-python"/> (including the gnome.ui module).</para>
|
|---|
| 216 |
|
|---|
| 217 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 218 |
|
|---|
| 219 | <sect2 role="configuration">
|
|---|
| 220 | <title>Configuring HAL</title>
|
|---|
| 221 |
|
|---|
| 222 | <sect3 id="hal-config">
|
|---|
| 223 | <title>Config Files</title>
|
|---|
| 224 | <para><filename>/etc/dbus-1/system.d/hal.conf</filename>,
|
|---|
| 225 | <filename>/etc/dbus-1/system.d/halusers.conf</filename> and
|
|---|
| 226 | <filename>/etc/hal/*</filename></para>
|
|---|
| 227 |
|
|---|
| 228 | <indexterm zone="hal hal-config">
|
|---|
| 229 | <primary sortas="e-etc-dbus-1-system.d-hal.conf">/etc/dbus-1/system.d/hal.conf</primary>
|
|---|
| 230 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 231 |
|
|---|
| 232 | <indexterm zone="hal hal-config">
|
|---|
| 233 | <primary sortas="e-etc-dbus-1-system.d-halusers.conf">/etc/dbus-1/system.d/halusers.conf</primary>
|
|---|
| 234 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 235 |
|
|---|
| 236 | <indexterm zone="hal hal-config">
|
|---|
| 237 | <primary sortas="e-etc-hal-star">/etc/hal/*</primary>
|
|---|
| 238 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 239 | </sect3>
|
|---|
| 240 |
|
|---|
| 241 | <sect3><title>Configuration Information</title>
|
|---|
| 242 | <sect4><title>Allowing users to invoke HAL methods</title>
|
|---|
| 243 |
|
|---|
| 244 | <para>The default setup for <application>HAL</application> is to allow
|
|---|
| 245 | only certain users to invoke methods such as Mount(). These are
|
|---|
| 246 | the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user and the user
|
|---|
| 247 | determined to be at the active console using <ulink
|
|---|
| 248 | url="&blfs-wiki;/linux-pam">pam_console</ulink>. If you are not set
|
|---|
| 249 | up to use <xref linkend="linux-pam"/> and <ulink
|
|---|
| 250 | url="&blfs-wiki;/linux-pam">pam_console</ulink>, create a group that
|
|---|
| 251 | is allowed to invoke <application>HAL</application> methods with the
|
|---|
| 252 | following commands:</para>
|
|---|
| 253 |
|
|---|
| 254 | <screen role="root"><userinput>groupadd -g 61 halusers &&
|
|---|
| 255 | cat > /etc/dbus-1/system.d/halusers.conf << "EOF"
|
|---|
| 256 | <literal><!DOCTYPE busconfig PUBLIC
|
|---|
| 257 | "-//freedesktop//DTD D-BUS Bus Configuration 1.0//EN"
|
|---|
| 258 | "http://www.freedesktop.org/standards/dbus/1.0/busconfig.dtd">
|
|---|
| 259 | <busconfig>
|
|---|
| 260 |
|
|---|
| 261 | <!-- Allow users in the halusers group invoke HAL methods -->
|
|---|
| 262 | <policy group="halusers">
|
|---|
| 263 | <allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.SystemPowerManagement"/>
|
|---|
| 264 | <allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.LaptopPanel"/>
|
|---|
| 265 | <allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.Volume"/>
|
|---|
| 266 | <allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.Volume.Crypto"/>
|
|---|
| 267 | </policy>
|
|---|
| 268 |
|
|---|
| 269 | </busconfig></literal>
|
|---|
| 270 | EOF</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 271 |
|
|---|
| 272 | <para>Now add the users you would like to the <systemitem
|
|---|
| 273 | class="groupname">halusers</systemitem> group to use
|
|---|
| 274 | <application>HAL</application>.</para>
|
|---|
| 275 |
|
|---|
| 276 | <screen role="root"><userinput>usermod -a -G halusers <replaceable><username></replaceable></userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 277 |
|
|---|
| 278 | <para>Note that these users still need
|
|---|
| 279 | to have appropriate permissions to access the devices that
|
|---|
| 280 | <application>HAL</application> will invoke its methods on.</para>
|
|---|
| 281 |
|
|---|
| 282 | <para>With the above configuration in place, authorized users now
|
|---|
| 283 | have the ability to unmount disk partitions mounted at non-standard
|
|---|
| 284 | locations such as <filename class='directory'>/pub</filename>. If
|
|---|
| 285 | you'd like to restrict this policy to only drives which are considered
|
|---|
| 286 | removable or hotpluggable, add the following configuration file as
|
|---|
| 287 | the <systemitem class='username'>root</systemitem> user:</para>
|
|---|
| 288 |
|
|---|
| 289 | <screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/hal/fdi/policy/no-fixed-drives.fdi << "EOF"
|
|---|
| 290 | <literal><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- -*- SGML -*- -->
|
|---|
| 291 |
|
|---|
| 292 | <!-- Don't allow HAL methods on disks that are not
|
|---|
| 293 | removable or hotpluggable -->
|
|---|
| 294 |
|
|---|
| 295 | <deviceinfo version="0.2">
|
|---|
| 296 | <device>
|
|---|
| 297 | <match key="@block.storage_device:storage.hotpluggable" bool="false">
|
|---|
| 298 | <match key="@block.storage_device:storage.removable" bool="false">
|
|---|
| 299 | <merge key="volume.ignore" type="bool">true</merge>
|
|---|
| 300 | </match>
|
|---|
| 301 | </match>
|
|---|
| 302 | </device>
|
|---|
| 303 | </deviceinfo></literal>
|
|---|
| 304 | EOF</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 305 | </sect4>
|
|---|
| 306 |
|
|---|
| 307 | <sect4><title>Installing mount helpers</title>
|
|---|
| 308 | <para><application>HAL</application> only provides the methods such
|
|---|
| 309 | as Mount() to act on hardware. In order to take advantage of these,
|
|---|
| 310 | a <application>HAL</application> event handler such as
|
|---|
| 311 | <xref linkend="gnome-volume-manager"/> or <ulink
|
|---|
| 312 | url="http://ivman.sourceforge.net/">Ivman</ulink> should be
|
|---|
| 313 | installed.</para>
|
|---|
| 314 | <!-- FIXME: is Ivman still alive? -->
|
|---|
| 315 | <!-- FIXME: explicitly name the mount helpers
|
|---|
| 316 | from KDE (???) and Xfce (exo-mount) -->
|
|---|
| 317 | </sect4>
|
|---|
| 318 |
|
|---|
| 319 | <sect4><title>Changing default mount options</title>
|
|---|
| 320 | <para>In some cases, it is necessary to specify some default mount
|
|---|
| 321 | options for filesystems. E.g., in non-English environments, the
|
|---|
| 322 | <option>iocharset</option> and <option>codepage</option> options
|
|---|
| 323 | are needed for filesystems of Windows origin in order to show
|
|---|
| 324 | national characters correctly. Also, due to a
|
|---|
| 325 | <ulink url="https://launchpad.net/bugs/133567">bug</ulink> in the
|
|---|
| 326 | Linux kernel version in LFS (2.6.22.x), you may want to pass the
|
|---|
| 327 | <option>usefree</option> option to vfat filesystems in order to reduce
|
|---|
| 328 | the time needed to determine the amount of free space on the
|
|---|
| 329 | filesystem.</para>
|
|---|
| 330 |
|
|---|
| 331 | <para>Google search results for <quote>hal default mount options</quote>
|
|---|
| 332 | are still full of recommendations to create <filename>*.fdi</filename>
|
|---|
| 333 | files mentioning either
|
|---|
| 334 | <option>volume.policy</option> or <option>storage.policy</option> keys.
|
|---|
| 335 | Such recommendations worked for HAL-0.4.x only and are invalid now.
|
|---|
| 336 | For HAL-&hal-version;, mount options are expected to be handled
|
|---|
| 337 | as follows:</para>
|
|---|
| 338 |
|
|---|
| 339 | <itemizedlist>
|
|---|
| 340 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 341 | <para>An event handler from the desktop environment receives an
|
|---|
| 342 | event describing the newly-added storage device.</para>
|
|---|
| 343 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 344 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 345 | <para>If the storage device is not already mentioned in
|
|---|
| 346 | <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>, mount options are fetched from
|
|---|
| 347 | a database of user preferences, which is specific to the desktop
|
|---|
| 348 | environment, and passed back to HAL.
|
|---|
| 349 | This process can be influenced by the filesystem type
|
|---|
| 350 | and possibly other volume properties available from HAL.</para>
|
|---|
| 351 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 352 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 353 | <para>If the options are in the list of permitted ones, HAL
|
|---|
| 354 | mounts the volume.</para>
|
|---|
| 355 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 356 | </itemizedlist>
|
|---|
| 357 |
|
|---|
| 358 | <para>The important point above is that the configuration procedure is
|
|---|
| 359 | desktop-specific. However, as of December, 2007, only GNOME allows the
|
|---|
| 360 | user to set default mount options on a per-filesystem basis,
|
|---|
| 361 | as described in the next paragraph.
|
|---|
| 362 | KDE allows the mount options to be set only on a per-volume basis,
|
|---|
| 363 | not per-filesystem, which is a
|
|---|
| 364 | <ulink url="http://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=133456">bug</ulink>,
|
|---|
| 365 | because, as mentioned in the report, <quote>for every new device (let's
|
|---|
| 366 | say your friend's USB stick) you have to first not mount it, then change
|
|---|
| 367 | options and then mount</quote>. Xfce, if compiled with HAL support,
|
|---|
| 368 | <ulink url="http://bugzilla.xfce.org/show_bug.cgi?id=2891">hard-codes</ulink>
|
|---|
| 369 | the mount options without any means to override them,
|
|---|
| 370 | which is even worse.
|
|---|
| 371 | <!-- (for BLFS editors only: they mention policy-kit as a future
|
|---|
| 372 | solution, but, from the description, policy-kit looks like
|
|---|
| 373 | an XML-ized sudo-like configuration parser, which has nothing
|
|---|
| 374 | common with the "default mount options" problem. -->
|
|---|
| 375 | In KDE and Xfce, if the built-in default mount options are not suitable,
|
|---|
| 376 | it is needed to mention every possible removable storage device in
|
|---|
| 377 | <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> with the correct options, thus mostly
|
|---|
| 378 | defeating the point of installing HAL.</para>
|
|---|
| 379 |
|
|---|
| 380 | <para>In order to adjust the default mount options, GNOME users should
|
|---|
| 381 | change the
|
|---|
| 382 | <systemitem>/system/storage/default_options/[fs_type]/mount_options</systemitem>
|
|---|
| 383 | GConf key either using <xref linkend="gconf-editor"/>, or from the
|
|---|
| 384 | command line, as demonstrated in the following example:</para>
|
|---|
| 385 |
|
|---|
| 386 | <screen><userinput>gconftool-2 --type list --list-type=string \
|
|---|
| 387 | --set /system/storage/default_options/vfat/mount_options \
|
|---|
| 388 | "[shortname=mixed,uid=,usefree,iocharset=koi8-r,codepage=866]"</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 389 |
|
|---|
| 390 | <para>See more details in the gnome-mount(1) manual page.</para>
|
|---|
| 391 | </sect4>
|
|---|
| 392 |
|
|---|
| 393 | <sect4><title>Adding allowed mount options</title>
|
|---|
| 394 | <para>The list of mount options permitted in the default HAL
|
|---|
| 395 | configuration resides in the
|
|---|
| 396 | <filename>/usr/share/hal/fdi/policy/10osvendor/20-storage-methods.fdi</filename>
|
|---|
| 397 | file. GNOME and KDE users may want to use options not in this
|
|---|
| 398 | list (in the above example, this applies to the <option>usefree</option>
|
|---|
| 399 | option). In this case, as <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
|
|---|
| 400 | user, create a custom policy file that mentions unknown mount
|
|---|
| 401 | options:</para>
|
|---|
| 402 |
|
|---|
| 403 | <screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/hal/fdi/policy/user-options.fdi << "EOF"
|
|---|
| 404 | <literal><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- -*- SGML -*- -->
|
|---|
| 405 |
|
|---|
| 406 | <!--
|
|---|
| 407 | This file is used to set custom options to the HAL policy settings.
|
|---|
| 408 | The default policy settings are defined in files contained in the
|
|---|
| 409 | /usr/share/hal/fdi/policy subdirectories. User defined customizations
|
|---|
| 410 | should be in files contained in the /etc/hal/fdi/policy directory.
|
|---|
| 411 | -->
|
|---|
| 412 |
|
|---|
| 413 | <deviceinfo version="0.2">
|
|---|
| 414 | <device>
|
|---|
| 415 |
|
|---|
| 416 | <!-- this is to be able to mount media in drives we cannot poll,
|
|---|
| 417 | e.g. IDE Zip Drives and PC style floppy drives -->
|
|---|
| 418 | <match key="storage.media_check_enabled" bool="false">
|
|---|
| 419 | <match key="storage.no_partitions_hint" bool="true">
|
|---|
| 420 | <append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">usefree</append>
|
|---|
| 421 | <!-- Insert other options here -->
|
|---|
| 422 | </match>
|
|---|
| 423 | </match>
|
|---|
| 424 |
|
|---|
| 425 | <match key="volume.fsusage" string="filesystem">
|
|---|
| 426 |
|
|---|
| 427 | <!-- allow these mount options for vfat -->
|
|---|
| 428 | <match key="volume.fstype" string="vfat">
|
|---|
| 429 | <append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">usefree</append>
|
|---|
| 430 | <!-- Insert other options here -->
|
|---|
| 431 | </match>
|
|---|
| 432 | </match>
|
|---|
| 433 |
|
|---|
| 434 | </device>
|
|---|
| 435 | </deviceinfo></literal>
|
|---|
| 436 | EOF</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 437 |
|
|---|
| 438 | </sect4>
|
|---|
| 439 | </sect3>
|
|---|
| 440 |
|
|---|
| 441 | <sect3 id="hal-init">
|
|---|
| 442 | <title>Boot Script</title>
|
|---|
| 443 |
|
|---|
| 444 | <para>To automatically start the <command>hald</command> daemon
|
|---|
| 445 | when the system is rebooted, install the
|
|---|
| 446 | <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/haldaemon</filename>
|
|---|
| 447 | bootscript from the
|
|---|
| 448 | <xref linkend="bootscripts"/> package.</para>
|
|---|
| 449 |
|
|---|
| 450 | <indexterm zone="hal hal-init">
|
|---|
| 451 | <primary sortas="f-haldaemon">haldaemon</primary>
|
|---|
| 452 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 453 |
|
|---|
| 454 | <!-- Not sure if this is still required any longer as the HAL daemon
|
|---|
| 455 | used to hang if you didn't first restart the DBUS daemon. This is
|
|---|
| 456 | not the case any longer, but it still seems that D-Bus should be
|
|---|
| 457 | restarted, as the hald.conf file is read by the D-BUS daemon.
|
|---|
| 458 | Leaving it in for now until it is positively confirmed it is not
|
|---|
| 459 | required. -->
|
|---|
| 460 |
|
|---|
| 461 | <important>
|
|---|
| 462 | <para>If the system-wide <application>D-BUS</application> daemon was
|
|---|
| 463 | running during the installation of <application>HAL</application>,
|
|---|
| 464 | ensure you stop and restart the <application>D-BUS</application>
|
|---|
| 465 | daemon before attempting to start the <command>hald</command>
|
|---|
| 466 | daemon.</para>
|
|---|
| 467 | </important>
|
|---|
| 468 |
|
|---|
| 469 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install-haldaemon</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 470 |
|
|---|
| 471 | </sect3>
|
|---|
| 472 |
|
|---|
| 473 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 474 |
|
|---|
| 475 | <sect2 role="content">
|
|---|
| 476 | <title>Contents</title>
|
|---|
| 477 |
|
|---|
| 478 | <segmentedlist>
|
|---|
| 479 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
|
|---|
| 480 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
|
|---|
| 481 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
|
|---|
| 482 |
|
|---|
| 483 | <seglistitem>
|
|---|
| 484 | <seg>hal-device, hal-device-manager, hal-disable-polling,
|
|---|
| 485 | hal-find-by-capability, hal-find-by-property, hal-get-property,
|
|---|
| 486 | hal-is-caller-locked-out, hal-lock, hal-set-property, hald and
|
|---|
| 487 | lshal</seg>
|
|---|
| 488 | <seg>libhal.{so,a} and libhal-storage,{so,a}</seg>
|
|---|
| 489 | <seg>/etc/hal, /usr/include/hal, /usr/lib/hal,
|
|---|
| 490 | /usr/share/doc/hal-&hal-version;, /usr/share/hal, /var/cache/hald,
|
|---|
| 491 | /var/lib/hal, and /var/run/hald</seg>
|
|---|
| 492 | </seglistitem>
|
|---|
| 493 | </segmentedlist>
|
|---|
| 494 |
|
|---|
| 495 | <variablelist>
|
|---|
| 496 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
|---|
| 497 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
|---|
| 498 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
|---|
| 499 |
|
|---|
| 500 | <varlistentry id="hal-device">
|
|---|
| 501 | <term><command>hal-device</command></term>
|
|---|
| 502 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 503 | <para>is used to create, remove or show a
|
|---|
| 504 | <application>HAL</application> device.</para>
|
|---|
| 505 | <indexterm zone="hal hal-device">
|
|---|
| 506 | <primary sortas="b-hal-device">hal-device</primary>
|
|---|
| 507 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 508 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 509 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 510 |
|
|---|
| 511 | <varlistentry id="hal-device-manager">
|
|---|
| 512 | <term><command>hal-device-manager</command></term>
|
|---|
| 513 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 514 | <para>shows a graphical representation of all the devices
|
|---|
| 515 | <application>HAL</application> is aware of. Here is a <ulink
|
|---|
| 516 | url="http://cvs.freedesktop.org/*checkout*/hal/hal/doc/spec/hal-devices1.png">
|
|---|
| 517 | screenshot</ulink> of <command>hal-device-manager</command>
|
|---|
| 518 | communicating with the HAL daemon and displaying a tree of device
|
|---|
| 519 | objects. The shown properties in the screenshot are for a device
|
|---|
| 520 | object representing a hard disk.</para>
|
|---|
| 521 | <indexterm zone="hal hal-device-manager">
|
|---|
| 522 | <primary sortas="b-hal-device-manager">hal-device-manager</primary>
|
|---|
| 523 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 524 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 525 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 526 |
|
|---|
| 527 | <varlistentry id="hal-disable-polling">
|
|---|
| 528 | <term><command>hal-disable-polling</command></term>
|
|---|
| 529 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 530 | <para>can be used to to disable and enable media detection on
|
|---|
| 531 | drives with removable storage.</para>
|
|---|
| 532 | <indexterm zone="hal hal-disable-polling">
|
|---|
| 533 | <primary sortas="b-hal-disable-polling">hal-disable-polling</primary>
|
|---|
| 534 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 535 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 536 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 537 |
|
|---|
| 538 | <varlistentry id="hal-find-by-capability">
|
|---|
| 539 | <term><command>hal-find-by-capability</command></term>
|
|---|
| 540 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 541 | <para>prints the Unique Device Identifiers for
|
|---|
| 542 | <application>HAL</application> device objects of a given
|
|---|
| 543 | capability.</para>
|
|---|
| 544 | <indexterm zone="hal hal-find-by-capability">
|
|---|
| 545 | <primary sortas="b-hal-find-by-capability">hal-find-by-capability</primary>
|
|---|
| 546 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 547 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 548 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 549 |
|
|---|
| 550 | <varlistentry id="hal-find-by-property">
|
|---|
| 551 | <term><command>hal-find-by-property</command></term>
|
|---|
| 552 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 553 | <para>prints the Unique Device Identifiers for
|
|---|
| 554 | <application>HAL</application> device objects where a given property
|
|---|
| 555 | assumes a given value.</para>
|
|---|
| 556 | <indexterm zone="hal hal-find-by-property">
|
|---|
| 557 | <primary sortas="b-hal-find-by-property">hal-find-by-property</primary>
|
|---|
| 558 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 559 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 560 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 561 |
|
|---|
| 562 | <varlistentry id="hal-get-property">
|
|---|
| 563 | <term><command>hal-get-property</command></term>
|
|---|
| 564 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 565 | <para>retrieves a property from a device.</para>
|
|---|
| 566 | <indexterm zone="hal hal-get-property">
|
|---|
| 567 | <primary sortas="b-hal-get-property">hal-get-property</primary>
|
|---|
| 568 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 569 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 570 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 571 |
|
|---|
| 572 | <varlistentry id="hal-set-property">
|
|---|
| 573 | <term><command>hal-set-property</command></term>
|
|---|
| 574 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 575 | <para>attempts to set property for a device. Note that, due to
|
|---|
| 576 | security considerations, it may not be possible to set a
|
|---|
| 577 | property.</para>
|
|---|
| 578 | <indexterm zone="hal hal-set-property">
|
|---|
| 579 | <primary sortas="b-hal-set-property">hal-set-property</primary>
|
|---|
| 580 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 581 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 582 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 583 |
|
|---|
| 584 | <varlistentry id="hal-is-caller-locked-out">
|
|---|
| 585 | <term><command>hal-is-caller-locked-out</command></term>
|
|---|
| 586 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 587 | <para>determines if a specific caller is locked out of a specific
|
|---|
| 588 | <application>D-Bus</application> interface on a specific device.</para>
|
|---|
| 589 | <indexterm zone="hal hal-is-caller-locked-out">
|
|---|
| 590 | <primary sortas="b-hal-is-caller-locked-out">hal-is-caller-locked-out</primary>
|
|---|
| 591 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 592 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 593 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 594 |
|
|---|
| 595 | <varlistentry id="hald">
|
|---|
| 596 | <term><command>hald</command></term>
|
|---|
| 597 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 598 | <para>is the <application>HAL</application> daemon program.</para>
|
|---|
| 599 | <indexterm zone="hal hald">
|
|---|
| 600 | <primary sortas="b-hald">hald</primary>
|
|---|
| 601 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 602 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 603 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 604 |
|
|---|
| 605 | <varlistentry id="lshal">
|
|---|
| 606 | <term><command>lshal</command></term>
|
|---|
| 607 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 608 | <para>shows all devices and their properties. If the --monitor option
|
|---|
| 609 | is given then the device list and all devices are monitored for
|
|---|
| 610 | changes.</para>
|
|---|
| 611 | <indexterm zone="hal lshal">
|
|---|
| 612 | <primary sortas="b-lshal">lshal</primary>
|
|---|
| 613 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 614 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 615 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 616 |
|
|---|
| 617 | <varlistentry id="libhal">
|
|---|
| 618 | <term><filename class='libraryfile'>libhal.{so,a}</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 619 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 620 | <para>contains the API functions required by the
|
|---|
| 621 | <application>HAL</application> programs.</para>
|
|---|
| 622 | <indexterm zone="hal libhal">
|
|---|
| 623 | <primary sortas="c-libhal">libhal.{so,a}</primary>
|
|---|
| 624 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 625 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 626 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 627 |
|
|---|
| 628 | <varlistentry id="libhal-storage">
|
|---|
| 629 | <term><filename class='libraryfile'>libhal-storage.{so,a}</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 630 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 631 | <para>contains the API functions required by the
|
|---|
| 632 | <application>HAL</application> storage and volume utility
|
|---|
| 633 | programs.</para>
|
|---|
| 634 | <indexterm zone="hal libhal-storage">
|
|---|
| 635 | <primary sortas="c-libhal-storage">libhal-storage.{so,a}</primary>
|
|---|
| 636 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 637 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 638 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 639 |
|
|---|
| 640 | </variablelist>
|
|---|
| 641 |
|
|---|
| 642 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 643 |
|
|---|
| 644 | </sect1>
|
|---|
