source: general/sysutils/systemd.xml@ 035e5d56

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
   "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
  %general-entities;

  <!ENTITY systemd-download-http       "http://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/">
  <!ENTITY systemd-patch-download-http "http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/patches/downloads/systemd/">
]>

<sect1 id="systemd" xreflabel="Systemd">
  <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>

  <sect1info>
    <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
    <date>$Date$</date>
  </sect1info>

  <title>Systemd</title>

  <indexterm zone="systemd">
    <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
  </indexterm>

  <sect2 role="package">
    <title>Introduction to systemd</title>

    <para>
      Even though <application>systemd</application> was built in
      LFS, there are some features provided by the package that
      some BLFS packages need, but their dependencies didn't fit
      into LFS.
    </para>

    <para>
      There are two reasons why <application>systemd</application>
      needs to be rebuilt. Some packages require GUdev library to
      be present in order to compile while others expect working
      <command>systemd-logind</command> service in order to work
      properly. To build the GUdev library, make sure that you have
      installed first set of required dependencies. In order to get
      <command>systemd-logind</command> to work properly, make sure
      that you have installed second set of required dependencies.
    </para>

    <para>
      Unlike other packages in BLFS, there is no set version of
      <application>systemd</application> in this page's title and
      no set version specified for download. Version updates to
      <application>systemd</application> make it possible that the
      user's system may have a <application>systemd</application>
      version different from the one in the current LFS book.
      Therefore, users should use the version of
      <application>systemd</application> that is currently
      installed on their system.
    </para>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
    <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
      <listitem>
        <para>Systemd Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&systemd-download-http;"/></para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Systemd Patch Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&systemd-patch-download-http;"/></para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <para>
      Make sure you download the "compat" patch whose version matches
      the <application>systemd</application> version you are building.
    </para>

    <note>
      <para>
        If you are unsure which version needs to be downloaded, issue
        <command>systemctl --version</command> in order to find out.
        Some of the commands below might need the version information.
        Issue the following command to store the
        <application>systemd</application> version number into an
        environment variable:
      </para>

<screen><userinput>export SYSTEMD_VERSION=$(systemctl --version | head -n1 | awk '{print $2}')</userinput></screen>
    </note>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">systemd Dependencies</bridgehead>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required (GUdev)</bridgehead>
    <para role="required">
      <xref linkend="glib2"/> and
      <xref linkend="gobject-introspection"/>
    </para>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required (Logind)</bridgehead>
    <para role="required">
      <xref linkend="linux-pam"/>
    </para>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Recommended Runtime Dependency</bridgehead>
    <para role="recommended">
      <xref linkend="polkit"/>
    </para>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
    <para role="optional">
      <xref linkend="curl"/>,
      <xref linkend="elfutils"/>,
      <xref linkend="gnutls"/>,
      <xref linkend="gtk-doc"/>,
      <xref linkend="libgcrypt"/>,
      <xref linkend="python3"/>,
      <ulink url="https://code.google.com/p/cryptsetup/">cryptsetup</ulink>,
      <ulink url="https://www.gnu.org/software/libmicrohttpd/">libmicrohttpd</ulink>,
      <ulink url="http://fukuchi.org/works/qrencode/">libqrencode</ulink>,
      <ulink url="http://sourceforge.net/projects/libseccomp/">libseccomp</ulink>, and
      <ulink url="http://lxml.de/">lxml</ulink> (Python Module)
    </para>

    <note>
      <para>
        In order to build the <application>systemd</application>
        <application>Python</application> module, lxml package
        needs to be installed for the corresponding
        <application>Python</application> version (2 or 3).
        Note that <command>configure</command> defaults to
        <application>Python 2</application>. In order to build
        the module for <application>Python 3</application>,
        make sure you pass the <envar>PYTHON=python3</envar>
        environment variable to the <command>configure</command>
        command below.
      </para>
    </note>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional (for rebuilding manual pages)</bridgehead>
    <para role="optional">
      <xref linkend="libxslt"/>,
      <xref linkend="DocBook"/>, and
      <xref linkend="docbook-xsl"/>
    </para>

    <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
      <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/systemd"/>
    </para>
  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="installation">
    <title>Installation of systemd</title>

    <para>
      First, apply the required patch:
    </para>

<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../systemd-${SYSTEMD_VERSION}-compat-1.patch</userinput></screen>

    <para>
      Rebuild <application>systemd</application> by running the
      following commands:
    </para>

<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr          \
            --sysconfdir=/etc      \
            --localstatedir=/var   \
            --with-rootprefix=     \
            --with-rootlibdir=/lib \
            --enable-split-usr     \
            --docdir=/usr/share/doc/systemd-${SYSTEMD_VERSION} &amp;&amp;
make</userinput></screen>

    <note>
      <para>
        For the best results, make sure you run the testsuite from
        a system that is booted by the same
        <application>systemd</application> version you are rebuilding.
      </para>
    </note>

    <para>
      To test the results, issue: <command>make -k check</command>.
    </para>

    <warning>
      <para>
        Installing the package will override all files installed by
        <application>systemd</application> in LFS. It is critical that
        nothing uses either <application>systemd</application> or
        <application>Udev</application> libraries or programs during
        the installation phrase. Best way to achieve that is to do the
        installation in the rescue mode. To switch to the rescue mode,
        issue the following command as the
        <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user from a TTY:
      </para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>systemctl start rescue.target</userinput></screen>
    </warning>

   <para>
     Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> 
    user:</para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>

    <para>
      Move the NSS myhostname library to <filename
      class="directory">/lib</filename> by running the
      following command as the <systemitem
      class="username">root</systemitem> user:
    </para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>mv -v /usr/lib/libnss_myhostname.so.2 /lib</userinput></screen>

    <para>
      Remove an unnecessary directory by running the
      following command as the <systemitem
      class="username">root</systemitem> user:
    </para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>rm -rfv /usr/lib/rpm</userinput></screen>

    <para>
      Remove a reference to a non-existent group by running
      the following command as the <systemitem
      class="username">root</systemitem> user:
    </para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>sed -i "s:0775 root lock:0755 root root:g" /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/legacy.conf</userinput></screen>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="configuration">
    <title>Configuring systemd</title>

    <para>
      If the <application>systemd</application> PAM module was built,
      the <filename>/etc/pam.d/system-sesion</filename> file needs to
      be modified and a new file needs to be created in order for
      <command>systemd-logind</command> to work correctly. To accomplish
      that, run the following commands as the <systemitem
     class="username">root</systemitem> user:
    </para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/pam.d/system-session &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal># Begin Systemd addition
    
session   required    pam_loginuid.so
-session   optional    pam_systemd.so

# End Systemd addition</literal>
EOF

cat &gt; /etc/pam.d/systemd-user &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal># Begin /etc/pam.d/systemd-user

account  required pam_access.so
account  include  system-account

session  required pam_env.so
session  required pam_limits.so
session  include  system-session

auth     required pam_deny.so
password required pam_deny.so

# End /etc/pam.d/systemd-user</literal>
EOF</userinput></screen>

    <para>
      At this point it would be a nice idea to reboot to
      test if the reinstallation was sucessful.
    </para>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="content">
    <title>Contents</title>

      <para>
        A list of the installed files, along with their short
        descriptions can be found at
        <ulink url="&lfs-root;/chapter06/systemd.html#contents-systemd"/>.
      </para>

      <para>
        Below are listed newly installed libraries and directories
        along with short descriptions.
      </para>

    <segmentedlist>
      <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
      <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
      <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>

      <seglistitem>
        <seg>
          None
        </seg>
        <seg>
          libgudev-1.0.so and pam_systemd.so
          (in <filename class="directory">/lib/security</filename>)
        </seg>
        <seg>
          /usr/include/gudev-1.0 and
          /usr/share/gtk-doc/html/gudev
        </seg>
      </seglistitem>
    </segmentedlist>

    <variablelist>
      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
      <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>

      <varlistentry id="libgudev-1.0">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libgudev-1.0.so</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            is a GObject-based wrapper library for libudev.
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="systemd libgudev-1.0">
            <primary sortas="c-libgudev-1.0">libgudev-1.0.so</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="pam_systemd">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">pam_systemd.so</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            is a PAM module used to register user sessions with the
            <application>systemd</application> login manager,
            <command>systemd-logind</command>.
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="systemd pam_systemd">
            <primary sortas="c-pam_systemd">pam_systemd.so</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

    </variablelist>

  </sect2>

</sect1>