source: general/sysutils/systemd.xml@ b1532549

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
   "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
  %general-entities;

  <!--  <!ENTITY systemd-download-http "http://anduin.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/systemd-&systemd-version;-&systemd-stable;.tar.xz"> For whenever we move to a stable snapshot for backports -->
  <!ENTITY systemd-download-http "https://github.com/systemd/systemd/archive/v&systemd-version;/systemd-&systemd-version;.tar.gz">
  <!ENTITY systemd-download-ftp  " ">
  <!ENTITY systemd-md5sum        "413121fe918b252ae62310f6fc7c4b32">
  <!ENTITY systemd-size          "8.1 MB">
  <!ENTITY systemd-buildsize     "240 MB (with tests)">
  <!ENTITY systemd-time          "2.0 SBU (with tests)">

]>

<sect1 id="systemd" xreflabel="Systemd-&systemd-version;" revision="systemd">
  <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>

  <sect1info>
    <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
    <date>$Date$</date>
  </sect1info>

  <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
  <!-- Whenever we switch back to stable backports, make sure to add the systemd-stable reference back. -->

  <indexterm zone="systemd">
    <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
  </indexterm>

  <sect2 role="package">
    <title>Introduction to systemd</title>

    <para>
      While <application>systemd</application> was installed when
      building LFS, there are many features provided by the package that
      were not included in the initial installation because
      <application>Linux-PAM</application> was not yet installed.
      The <application>systemd</application> package needs to be
      rebuilt to provide a working <command>systemd-logind</command> service,
      which provides many additional features for dependent packages.
    </para>
    
    &lfs91_checked;

    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
    <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&systemd-download-http;"/>
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Download (FTP): <ulink url="&systemd-download-ftp;"/>
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Download MD5 sum: &systemd-md5sum;
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Download size: &systemd-size;
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Estimated disk space required: &systemd-buildsize;
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Estimated build time: &systemd-time;
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
      
    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
    <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
      <listitem>
        <para>
         Required patch:
         <ulink url="&patch-root;/systemd-&systemd-version;-seccomp_and_cpuaffinity_fix-1.patch"/>
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    
    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">systemd Dependencies</bridgehead>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
    <para role="required">
      <xref linkend="linux-pam"/>
    </para>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Recommended Runtime Dependencies</bridgehead>
    <para role="recommended">
      <xref role="runtime" linkend="polkit"/> 
    </para>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
    <para role="optional">
      <xref linkend="curl"/>,
      <xref linkend="cryptsetup"/>,
      <xref linkend="git"/>,
      <xref linkend="gnutls"/>,
      <xref linkend="iptables"/>,
      <xref linkend="libgcrypt"/>,
      <xref linkend="libidn2"/>,
      <xref linkend="libseccomp"/>,
      <xref linkend="libxkbcommon"/>,
      <xref linkend="make-ca"/>,
      <xref linkend="pcre2"/>,
      <xref linkend="qemu"/>,
      <xref linkend="valgrind"/>,
      <xref linkend="zsh"/> (for the zsh completions),
      <ulink url="http://sourceforge.net/projects/gnu-efi/">gnu-efi</ulink>,
      <ulink url="https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/kexec/">kexec-tools</ulink>,
      <ulink url="https://www.gnu.org/software/libmicrohttpd/">libmicrohttpd</ulink>,
      <ulink url="http://lz4.github.io/lz4/">lz4</ulink>,
      <ulink url="http://fukuchi.org/works/qrencode/">qrencode</ulink>,
      <ulink url="http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxquota/">quota-tools</ulink> and
      <ulink url="https://pypi.python.org/pypi/Sphinx">Sphinx</ulink>
    </para>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional (to rebuild the manual pages)</bridgehead>
    <para role="optional">
      <xref linkend="DocBook"/>,
      <xref linkend="docbook-xsl"/>,
      <xref linkend="libxslt"/>, and
      <xref linkend="lxml"/> (to build the index of systemd manual pages)
    </para>

    <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
      <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/systemd"/>
    </para>
  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="installation">
    <title>Installation of systemd</title>
    <!-- 243-244 is now supported, so let's comment this for now.
    <warning>
      <para>
        This version of systemd is incompatible with all previous
        releases. The BLFS team does not recommend updating in place, and
        suggests that you do a rebuild instead.
      </para>
    </warning>
    -->

    <para>
      Apply a patch to fix problems with libseccomp-2.4.2+ and Linux-5.4+:
    </para>

<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../systemd-&systemd-version;-seccomp_and_cpuaffinity_fix-1.patch</userinput></screen>

    <!-- The above is only needed on systems with Linux 5.4+ and libseccomp-2.4.2+
         This fix is due to syscall changes in libseccomp+Linux 5.4+.
         The affected syscall is shmat(), which isn't implemented properly on
         i686, and intermittently fails on x86_64. Also, there is a problem with
         CPU Affinity + CGroups on Linux-5.4+ that causes issues with the 
         "test-execute" test. -->

    <para>
      Remove an unneeded group,
      <systemitem class="groupname">render</systemitem>, from the default udev
      rules:
    </para>

<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i 's/GROUP="render", //' rules.d/50-udev-default.rules.in</userinput></screen>

    <para>
      Rebuild <application>systemd</application> by running the
      following commands:
    </para>

<screen><userinput>mkdir build &amp;&amp;
cd    build &amp;&amp;

meson --prefix=/usr         \
      --sysconfdir=/etc     \
      --localstatedir=/var  \
      -Dblkid=true          \
      -Dbuildtype=release   \
      -Ddefault-dnssec=no   \
      -Dfirstboot=false     \
      -Dinstall-tests=false \
      -Dldconfig=false      \
      -Dman=auto            \
      -Drootprefix=         \
      -Drootlibdir=/lib     \
      -Dsplit-usr=true      \
      -Dsysusers=false      \
      -Drpmmacrosdir=no     \
      -Db_lto=false         \
      ..                    &amp;&amp;

ninja</userinput></screen>

    <note>
      <para>
        For the best test results, make sure you run the testsuite from
        a system that is booted by the same
        <application>systemd</application> version you are rebuilding.
      </para>
    </note>

    <para>
      To test the results, issue: <command>ninja test</command>. <!--One test,
      <filename>udev-test</filename> (test 273) fails due to changes in 
      the Linux 5.3+ kernel. It does not affect the package's
      functionality. NO LONGER APPLICABLE AS OF 244 -->
    </para>

    <warning>
      <para>
        Installing the package will overwrite all files installed by
        <application>systemd</application> in LFS. It is critical that
        nothing uses either <application>systemd</application> or
        <application>Udev</application> libraries during the installation.
        The best way to ensure that these libraries are not being used is to
        run the installation in rescue mode. To switch to rescue mode,
        run the following command as the
        <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user (from a TTY):
      </para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>systemctl isolate rescue.target</userinput></screen>
    </warning>

   <para>
     Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
   </para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>ninja install</userinput></screen>
  <!-- No longer needed as of systemd-244.
    <para>
      Remove a configuration file that causes some problems with PID files:
    </para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>rm -fv /etc/sysctl.d/50-pid-max.conf</userinput></screen>
  -->
  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="configuration">
    <title>Configuring systemd</title>

    <para>
      The <filename>/etc/pam.d/system-session</filename> file needs to
      be modified and a new file needs to be created in order for
      <command>systemd-logind</command> to work correctly. Run the following
      commands as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
    </para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/pam.d/system-session &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal># Begin Systemd addition
    
session  required    pam_loginuid.so
session  optional    pam_systemd.so

# End Systemd addition</literal>
EOF

cat &gt; /etc/pam.d/systemd-user &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal># Begin /etc/pam.d/systemd-user

account  required    pam_access.so
account  include     system-account

session  required    pam_env.so
session  required    pam_limits.so
session  required    pam_unix.so
session  required    pam_loginuid.so
session  optional    pam_keyinit.so force revoke
session  optional    pam_systemd.so

auth     required    pam_deny.so
password required    pam_deny.so

# End /etc/pam.d/systemd-user</literal>
EOF</userinput></screen>

    <para>
      At this point, you should reload the systemd daemon, and reenter
      multi-user mode with the following commands (as the
      <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user).  If a desktop
      manager is installed and you wish to reenter the graphical mode,
      replace <userinput>multi-user.target</userinput> with
      <userinput>graphical.target</userinput>:
    </para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>systemctl daemon-reexec
systemctl start multi-user.target</userinput></screen>

    <warning>
      <para>
        If upgrading from a previous version of systemd and an
        initrd is used for system boot, you should generate a new initrd before
        rebooting the system.
      </para>
    </warning>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="content">
    <title>Contents</title>

      <para>
        A list of the installed files, along with their short
        descriptions can be found at
        <ulink url="&lfs-root;/chapter06/systemd.html#contents-systemd"/>.
      </para>

      <para>
        Listed below are the newly installed libraries and directories
        along with short descriptions.
      </para>

    <segmentedlist>
      <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
      <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
      <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>

      <seglistitem>
        <seg>
          None
        </seg>
        <seg>
          pam_systemd.so
          (in <filename class="directory">/lib/security</filename>)
        </seg>
        <seg>
          None
        </seg>
      </seglistitem>
    </segmentedlist>

    <variablelist>
      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
      <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>

      <varlistentry id="pam_systemd">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">pam_systemd.so</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            is a PAM module used to register user sessions with the
            <application>systemd</application> login manager,
            <command>systemd-logind</command>.
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="systemd pam_systemd">
            <primary sortas="c-pam_systemd">pam_systemd.so</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

    </variablelist>

  </sect2>

</sect1>