[61cd9b2] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 | ]>
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| 7 |
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| 8 | <sect1 id="la-files" xreflabel="Libtool archive (.la) files">
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| 9 | <?dbhtml filename="la-files.html"?>
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| 10 |
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| 11 | <sect1info>
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| 12 | <date>$Date$</date>
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| 13 | </sect1info>
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| 14 |
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| 15 | <title>About Libtool Archive (.la) files</title>
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| 16 |
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| 17 | <!-- section g : 'Others' in longindex.html -->
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| 18 | <indexterm zone="la-files">
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| 19 | <primary sortas="g-la-files">Library archive (.la) files</primary>
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| 20 | </indexterm>
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| 21 |
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| 22 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 23 | <title>Files with a .la extention</title>
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| 24 |
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| 25 | <para>
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| 26 |
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| 27 | In LFS we installed a package, libtool, that is used by many packages to
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| 28 | build on a variety of Unix platforms. This includes platforms such as
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| 29 | AIX, Solaris, IRIX, HP-UX, and Cygwin as well as Linux. The origins of
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| 30 | this tool are quite dated. It was intended to manage libraries on
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| 31 | systems with less advanced capabilities than a modern Linux system.
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[8558044] | 32 |
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[61cd9b2] | 33 | </para>
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| 34 |
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| 35 | <para>
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| 36 |
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| 37 | On a Linux system, libtool specific files are generally unneeded.
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| 38 | Normally libraries are specified in the build process during the link
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| 39 | phase. Since a linux system uses the <ulink
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| 40 | url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executable_and_Linkable_Format">
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| 41 | Executable and Linkable Format (ELF)</ulink> for executables and
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| 42 | libraries, information needed to complete the task is embedded in the
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| 43 | files. At run time the program loader can query the appropriate files
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| 44 | and properly load and execute the program.
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| 45 |
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| 46 | </para>
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[8558044] | 47 |
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[61cd9b2] | 48 | <para>
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| 49 |
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| 50 | The problem is that libtool usually creates one or more text files for
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| 51 | package libraries called libtool archives. These small files have a
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| 52 | ".la" extention and contain information that is similar to that embedded
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| 53 | in the libraries. When building a package that uses libtool, the
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| 54 | process automatically looks for these files. If a package is updated
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[8558044] | 55 | and no longer uses the .la file, then the build process can break.
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| 56 |
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[61cd9b2] | 57 | </para>
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| 58 |
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| 59 | <para>
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| 60 |
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| 61 | The solution is to remove the .la files. However there is a catch.
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| 62 | Some packages, such as <xref linkend='imagemagick'/>, use a libtool
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| 63 | function, lt_dlopen, to load libraries as needed during execution and
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| 64 | resolve their dependencies at run time. In this case, the .la files
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[8558044] | 65 | should remain.
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| 66 |
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[61cd9b2] | 67 | </para>
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| 68 |
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| 69 | <para>
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| 70 |
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| 71 | The script below, removes all unneeded .la files and saves them in a
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| 72 | directory, /var/local/la-files by default, not in the normal library
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[8558044] | 73 | path. It also searches all pkg-config files (.pc) for embedded
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| 74 | references to .la files and fixes them to be conventional library
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| 75 | references needed when an application or library is built. It
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[61cd9b2] | 76 | can be run as needed to clean up the directories that may be causing
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| 77 | problems.
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| 78 |
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| 79 | </para>
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[8558044] | 80 |
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[61cd9b2] | 81 | <screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /usr/sbin/remove-la-files.sh << "EOF"
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[0949d16] | 82 | <literal>#!/bin/bash
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| 83 |
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| 84 | # /usr/sbin/remove-la-files.sh
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[61cd9b2] | 85 | # Written for Beyond Linux From Scratch
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| 86 | # by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@&lfs-domainname;>
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| 87 |
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| 88 | # Make sure we are running with root privs
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| 89 | if test "${EUID}" -ne 0; then
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| 90 | echo "Error: $(basename ${0}) must be run as the root user! Exiting..."
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| 91 | exit 1
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| 92 | fi
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| 93 |
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| 94 | # Make sure PKG_CONFIG_PATH is set if discarded by sudo
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| 95 | source /etc/profile
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| 96 |
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| 97 | OLD_LA_DIR=/var/local/la-files
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| 98 |
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| 99 | mkdir -p $OLD_LA_DIR
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| 100 |
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| 101 | # Only search directories in /opt, but not symlinks to directories
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[cc232d3] | 102 | OPTDIRS=$(find /opt -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type d)
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[61cd9b2] | 103 |
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| 104 | # Move any found .la files to a directory out of the way
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| 105 | find /usr/lib $OPTDIRS -name "*.la" ! -path "/usr/lib/ImageMagick*" \
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| 106 | -exec mv -fv {} $OLD_LA_DIR \;
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| 107 | ###############
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| 108 |
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[dc436a1] | 109 | # Fix any .pc files that may have .la references
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[61cd9b2] | 110 |
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[8558044] | 111 | STD_PC_PATH='/usr/lib/pkgconfig
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| 112 | /usr/share/pkgconfig
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| 113 | /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
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[61cd9b2] | 114 | /usr/local/share/pkgconfig'
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| 115 |
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[4fa85cb8] | 116 | # For each directory that can have .pc files
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[61cd9b2] | 117 | for d in $(echo $PKG_CONFIG_PATH | tr : ' ') $STD_PC_PATH; do
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| 118 |
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| 119 | # For each pc file
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| 120 | for pc in $d/*.pc ; do
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| 121 | if [ $pc == "$d/*.pc" ]; then continue; fi
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| 122 |
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| 123 | # Check each word in a line with a .la reference
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| 124 | for word in $(grep '\.la' $pc); do
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| 125 | if $(echo $word | grep -q '.la$' ); then
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| 126 | mkdir -p $d/la-backup
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| 127 | cp -fv $pc $d/la-backup
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| 128 |
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| 129 | basename=$(basename $word )
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| 130 | libref=$(echo $basename|sed -e 's/^lib/-l/' -e 's/\.la$//')
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[8558044] | 131 |
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[61cd9b2] | 132 | # Fix the .pc file
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| 133 | sed -i "s:$word:$libref:" $pc
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| 134 | fi
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| 135 | done
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| 136 | done
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| 137 | done
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| 138 |
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| 139 | EOF
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| 140 |
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| 141 | chmod +x /usr/sbin/remove-la-files.sh</literal></userinput></screen>
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| 142 |
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| 143 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">
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[dc436a1] | 144 | User Notes: <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/la-files"/>
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[61cd9b2] | 145 | </para>
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| 146 |
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| 147 | </sect2>
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| 148 |
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| 149 | </sect1>
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