[4122007] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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[6732c094] | 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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[4122007] | 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 | ]>
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| 7 |
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[4afc2603] | 8 | <sect1 id="position">
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[d5f2a3f] | 9 | <?dbhtml filename="position.html"?>
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| 10 |
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| 11 | <sect1info>
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| 12 | <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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| 13 | <date>$Date$</date>
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| 14 | </sect1info>
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| 15 |
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| 16 | <title>The /usr Versus /usr/local Debate</title>
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| 17 |
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| 18 | <para><emphasis>Should I install XXX in <filename>/usr</filename> or
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| 19 | <filename>/usr/local</filename>?</emphasis></para>
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| 20 |
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| 21 | <para>This is a question without an obvious answer for an
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| 22 | LFS based system.</para>
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| 23 |
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[4afc2603] | 24 | <para>In traditional Unix systems,
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| 25 | <filename class='directory'>/usr</filename> usually contains files that come
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| 26 | with the system distribution, and the
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| 27 | <filename class='directory'>/usr/local</filename> tree is free for the local
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| 28 | administrator to manage. The only really hard and fast rule is that Unix
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| 29 | distributions should not touch
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| 30 | <filename class='directory'>/usr/local</filename>, except perhaps to create
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| 31 | the basic directories within it.</para>
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[d5f2a3f] | 32 |
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[4afc2603] | 33 | <para>With Linux distributions like Red Hat, Debian, etc., a possible rule is
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| 34 | that <filename class='directory'>/usr</filename> is managed by the
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| 35 | distribution's package system and
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| 36 | <filename class='directory'>/usr/local</filename> is not. This way the
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[d5f2a3f] | 37 | package manager's database knows about every file within
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[4afc2603] | 38 | <filename class='directory'>/usr</filename>.</para>
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[d5f2a3f] | 39 |
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[24ca7aa] | 40 | <para>LFS users build their own system and so deciding where
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| 41 | the system ends and local files begin is not straightforward. So the choice
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[4afc2603] | 42 | should be made in order to make things easier to administer. There are
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| 43 | several reasons for dividing files between
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| 44 | <filename class='directory'>/usr</filename> and
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| 45 | <filename class='directory'>/usr/local</filename>.</para>
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[d5f2a3f] | 46 |
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| 47 | <itemizedlist>
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| 48 | <listitem>
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[4afc2603] | 49 | <para>On a network of several machines all running LFS, or mixed LFS and
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| 50 | other Linux distributions,
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| 51 | <filename class='directory'>/usr/local</filename> could be used to hold
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| 52 | packages that are common between all the computers in the network. It can
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| 53 | be NFS mounted or mirrored from a single server. Here local indicates
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| 54 | local to the site.</para>
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[d5f2a3f] | 55 | </listitem>
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| 56 | <listitem>
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[24ca7aa] | 57 | <para>On a network of several computers all running an identical
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[4afc2603] | 58 | LFS system, <filename class='directory'>/usr/local</filename> could hold
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| 59 | packages that are different between the machines. In this case local
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| 60 | refers to the individual computers.</para>
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[d5f2a3f] | 61 | </listitem>
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| 62 | <listitem>
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[4afc2603] | 63 | <para>Even on a single computer,
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| 64 | <filename class='directory'>/usr/local</filename> can be useful if you
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| 65 | have several distributions installed simultaneously, and want
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[d5f2a3f] | 66 | a place to put packages that will be the same on all of them.</para>
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| 67 | </listitem>
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| 68 | <listitem>
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[24ca7aa] | 69 | <para>Or you might regularly rebuild your LFS, but
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[4afc2603] | 70 | want a place to put files that you don't want to rebuild each time. This
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| 71 | way you can wipe the LFS file system and start from a clean
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[d5f2a3f] | 72 | partition every time without losing everything.</para>
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| 73 | </listitem>
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| 74 | </itemizedlist>
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| 75 |
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[4afc2603] | 76 | <para>Some people ask why not use your own directory tree, e.g.,
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| 77 | <filename class='directory'>/usr/site</filename>, rather than
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| 78 | <filename class='directory'>/usr/local</filename>?</para>
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[d5f2a3f] | 79 |
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[24ca7aa] | 80 | <para>There is nothing stopping you, many sites do make their own trees,
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[d5f2a3f] | 81 | however it makes installing new software more difficult. Automatic installers
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[4afc2603] | 82 | often look for dependencies in
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| 83 | <filename class='directory'>/usr</filename> and
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| 84 | <filename class='directory'>/usr/local</filename>, and if the file it is
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| 85 | looking for is in <filename class='directory'>/usr/site</filename> instead,
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| 86 | the installer will probably fail unless you specifically tell it where to
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| 87 | look.</para>
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[d5f2a3f] | 88 |
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| 89 | <para><emphasis>What is the BLFS position on this?</emphasis></para>
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| 90 |
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| 91 | <para>All of the BLFS instructions install programs in
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[4afc2603] | 92 | <filename class='directory'>/usr</filename> with optional instructions to
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| 93 | install into <filename class='directory'>/opt</filename> for some specific
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| 94 | packages.</para>
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[f45b1953] | 95 |
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| 96 | </sect1>
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