source: kde/kf5/kf5-intro.xml@ 45ab6c7

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
  "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
 %general-entities;

  <!ENTITY kf5-download-http "&kf5-download-http;">
  <!ENTITY kf5-download-ftp  "&kf5e-download-ftp;">
  <!ENTITY kf5-md5sum        "See Below">
  <!ENTITY kf5-size          "30 MB">
  <!ENTITY kf5-buildsize     "11.7 MB">
  <!ENTITY kf5-time          "0.4 SBU">
]>

<sect1 id="kf5-intro" xreflabel="Introduction to KF5">
  <?dbhtml filename="kf5-intro.html"?>

  <sect1info>
     <date>$Date$</date>
  </sect1info>

  <title>KDE Frameworks 5 Pre-installation Configuration</title>

  <indexterm zone="kf5-intro">
     <primary sortas="g-kf5">KDE Frameworks Introduction</primary>
  </indexterm>

  <para>
    KF5 can be installed in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename> or
    <filename class="directory">/opt/kf5</filename>. The BLFS editors
    recommend the latter in the BLFS environment.
  </para>

  <sect2>
    <title>Installing in /usr</title>

    <para>
      One option is to install <application>KDE Frameworks 5</application>
      into the <filename class="directory">/usr</filename> hierarchy.
      This creates a simpler setup but makes it more difficult to try
      multiple versions of <application>KDE Frameworks</application>.
    </para>

<screen><userinput>export KF5_PREFIX=/usr</userinput></screen>

    <para>
      It is a good idea to add the following variables to your
      system or personal profiles:
    </para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/profile.d/qt5.sh &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal># Begin kf5 extension for /etc/profile.d/qt5.sh

pathappend /usr/lib/qt5/plugins    QT_PLUGIN_PATH
pathappend $QT5DIR/lib/plugins     QT_PLUGIN_PATH

pathappend /usr/lib/qt5/qml        QML2_IMPORT_PATH
pathappend $QT5DIR/lib/qml         QML2_IMPORT_PATH

# End extension for /etc/profile.d/qt5.sh</literal>
EOF

cat &gt; /etc/profile.d/kf5.sh &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal># Begin /etc/profile.d/kf5.sh

export KF5_PREFIX=/usr

# End /etc/profile.d/kf5.sh</literal>
EOF</userinput></screen>

    <note>
      <para>
        If <application>qt5</application> was installed in <filename
        class="directory">/usr</filename>, the <filename
        class="directory">$QT5DIR/lib/</filename> portions of the above paths
        may need to be changed to <filename
        class="directory">$QT5DIR/lib/qt5/</filename>.
      </para>
    </note>

    <para>
      Additionally, if <xref linkend="sudo"/> is installed, these variables
      should be available to the super user. Execute the following commands as
      the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
    </para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/sudoers.d/qt &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>Defaults env_keep += QT_PLUGIN_PATH
Defaults env_keep += QML2_IMPORT_PATH</literal>
EOF

cat &gt;&gt; /etc/sudoers.d/kde &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal>Defaults env_keep += KF5_PREFIX</literal>
EOF</userinput></screen>

  </sect2>

  <sect2>
    <title>Installing in /opt</title>

    <para>
      A method of building multiple versions installs
      <application>KDE Frameworks 5</application> in the
      <filename class="directory">/opt</filename> hierarchy:
    </para>

<screen><userinput>export KF5_PREFIX=/opt/kf5</userinput></screen>

    <para>
      If you are not installing <application>KDE Frameworks 5</application>
      in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>, you will need to
      make some additional configuration changes. Best practice is to add
      those to your system or personal profile:
    </para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/profile.d/kf5.sh &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal># Begin /etc/profile.d/kf5.sh

export KF5_PREFIX=/opt/kf5

pathappend $KF5_PREFIX/bin              PATH
pathappend $KF5_PREFIX/lib/pkgconfig    PKG_CONFIG_PATH

pathappend $KF5_PREFIX/etc/xdg          XDG_CONFIG_DIRS
pathappend $KF5_PREFIX/share            XDG_DATA_DIRS

pathappend $KF5_PREFIX/lib/plugins      QT_PLUGIN_PATH
pathappend $KF5_PREFIX/lib/plugins/kcms QT_PLUGIN_PATH

pathappend $KF5_PREFIX/lib/qml          QML2_IMPORT_PATH

pathappend $KF5_PREFIX/lib/python&python3-majorver;/site-packages PYTHONPATH

pathappend $KF5_PREFIX/share/man        MANPATH
# End /etc/profile.d/kf5.sh</literal>
EOF

cat &gt;&gt; /etc/profile.d/qt5.sh &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal># Begin Qt5 changes for KF5

pathappend $QT5DIR/plugins             QT_PLUGIN_PATH
pathappend $QT5DIR/qml                 QML2_IMPORT_PATH

# End Qt5 changes for KF5</literal>
EOF</userinput></screen>

    <para>
      Expand your <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file:
    </para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
<literal># Begin KF5 addition

/opt/kf5/lib

# End KF5 addition</literal>
EOF</userinput></screen>

    <indexterm zone="kf5-intro">
      <primary sortas="e-etc-ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
    </indexterm>

    <para revision="sysv">
      Several <application>KDE Frameworks 5</application> packages install
      files into <application>D-Bus</application> directories. When installing
      <application>KDE Frameworks 5</application> in a location other than
      <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>,
      <application>D-Bus</application> needs to be able to find these files.
      The easiest way to achieve this is to create the following symlinks (as
      the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user):
    </para>

<screen role="root"
        revision="sysv"><userinput>install -v -dm755           $KF5_PREFIX/{etc,share} &amp;&amp;
ln -sfv /etc/dbus-1         $KF5_PREFIX/etc         &amp;&amp;
ln -sfv /usr/share/dbus-1   $KF5_PREFIX/share</userinput></screen>

    <para revision="systemd">
      Several <application>KDE Frameworks 5</application> and
      <application>KDE Plasma 5</application> packages install
      files into <application>D-Bus</application> and
      <application>systemd</application> directories. When installing
      <application>KDE 5</application> in a location other than
      <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>,
      <application>D-Bus</application> and <application>systemd</application>
      need to be able to find these files.
      The easiest way to achieve this is to create the following symlinks (as
      the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user):
    </para>

<screen role="root"
        revision="systemd"><userinput>install -v -dm755          $KF5_PREFIX/{etc,share} &amp;&amp;
ln -sfv /etc/dbus-1        $KF5_PREFIX/etc         &amp;&amp;
ln -sfv /usr/share/dbus-1  $KF5_PREFIX/share       &amp;&amp;
install -v -dm755          $KF5_PREFIX/lib         &amp;&amp;
ln -sfv /usr/lib/systemd   $KF5_PREFIX/lib</userinput></screen>

    <para>
      Some packages may also install icons from the "hicolor" icon set. Since that
      icon set is used by many packages, it is a good idea to create a
      symlink to the one in <filename class="directory">/usr/share</filename>
      to avoid having multiple installations of <xref linkend="hicolor-icon-theme"/>.
      Run the following commands as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
      user:
    </para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>install -v -dm755                $KF5_PREFIX/share/icons &amp;&amp;
ln -sfv /usr/share/icons/hicolor $KF5_PREFIX/share/icons</userinput></screen>

    <tip>
      <para>
        Sometimes, the installation paths are hardcoded into installed files.
        This is the reason why <filename class="directory">/opt/kf5</filename>
        is used as installation prefix instead of <filename
        class="directory">/opt/kf5-&kf5-version;</filename>. After installing
        <application>KDE Frameworks</application>, you may rename the directory
        and create a symlink:
      </para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>mv /opt/kf5{,-&kf5-version;}
ln -sfv kf5-&kf5-version; /opt/kf5</userinput></screen>

      <para>
        Later on, you may want to install other versions of
        <application>KDE Frameworks 5</application>. To do that, just remove
        the symlink and use <filename class="directory">/opt/kf5</filename>
        as the prefix again. Which version of
        <application>KDE Frameworks 5</application> you use depends only on
        where the symlink points. No other reconfiguration will be needed.
      </para>
    </tip>

  </sect2>

</sect1>