| 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 |
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| 7 | <!ENTITY pulseaudio-download-http
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| 8 | "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/pulseaudio/releases/pulseaudio-&pulseaudio-version;.tar.xz">
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| 9 | <!ENTITY pulseaudio-download-ftp " ">
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| 10 | <!ENTITY pulseaudio-md5sum "c4a3596a26ff4b9dcd0c394dd1d4f8ee">
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| 11 | <!ENTITY pulseaudio-size "1.5 MB">
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| 12 | <!ENTITY pulseaudio-buildsize "42 MB (with tests)">
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| 13 | <!ENTITY pulseaudio-time "0.2 SBU (Using parallelism=4; add 0.2 SBU for tests)">
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| 14 | ]>
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| 15 |
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| 16 | <sect1 id="pulseaudio" xreflabel="PulseAudio-&pulseaudio-version;">
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| 17 | <?dbhtml filename="pulseaudio.html"?>
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| 18 |
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| 19 |
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| 20 | <title>PulseAudio-&pulseaudio-version;</title>
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| 21 |
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| 22 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio">
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| 23 | <primary sortas="a-PulseAudio">PulseAudio</primary>
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| 24 | </indexterm>
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| 25 |
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| 26 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 27 | <title>Introduction to PulseAudio</title>
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| 28 |
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| 29 | <para>
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| 30 | <application>PulseAudio</application> is a sound system for POSIX OSes,
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| 31 | meaning that it is a proxy for sound applications. It allows you to do
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| 32 | advanced operations on your sound data as it passes between your
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| 33 | application and your hardware. Operations such as transferring
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| 34 | the audio to a different machine, changing the sample format or channel
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| 35 | count, and mixing several sounds into one are easily achieved using a
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| 36 | sound server.
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| 37 | </para>
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| 38 |
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| 39 | &lfs122_checked;
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| 40 |
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| 41 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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| 42 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 43 | <listitem>
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| 44 | <para>
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| 45 | Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&pulseaudio-download-http;"/>
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| 46 | </para>
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| 47 | </listitem>
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| 48 | <listitem>
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| 49 | <para>
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| 50 | Download (FTP): <ulink url="&pulseaudio-download-ftp;"/>
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| 51 | </para>
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| 52 | </listitem>
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| 53 | <listitem>
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| 54 | <para>
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| 55 | Download MD5 sum: &pulseaudio-md5sum;
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| 56 | </para>
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| 57 | </listitem>
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| 58 | <listitem>
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| 59 | <para>
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| 60 | Download size: &pulseaudio-size;
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| 61 | </para>
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| 62 | </listitem>
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| 63 | <listitem>
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| 64 | <para>
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| 65 | Estimated disk space required: &pulseaudio-buildsize;
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| 66 | </para>
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| 67 | </listitem>
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| 68 | <listitem>
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| 69 | <para>
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| 70 | Estimated build time: &pulseaudio-time;
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| 71 | </para>
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| 72 | </listitem>
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| 73 | </itemizedlist>
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| 74 |
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| 75 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">PulseAudio Dependencies</bridgehead>
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| 76 |
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| 77 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
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| 78 | <para role="required">
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| 79 | <xref linkend="libsndfile"/>
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| 80 | </para>
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| 81 |
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| 82 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Recommended</bridgehead>
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| 83 | <para role="recommended">
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| 84 | <xref linkend="alsa-lib"/>,
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| 85 | <xref linkend="dbus"/>,
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| 86 | <phrase revision="sysv"><xref linkend="elogind"/>,</phrase>
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| 87 | <xref linkend="glib2"/>,
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| 88 | <xref linkend="speex"/> and
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| 89 | <xref linkend="xorg7-lib"/>
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| 90 | </para>
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| 91 |
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| 92 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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| 93 | <para role="optional">
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| 94 | <xref linkend="avahi"/>,
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| 95 | <xref linkend="bluez"/>,
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| 96 | <xref linkend="doxygen"/> (for documentation),
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| 97 | <xref linkend="fftw"/>,
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| 98 | <xref linkend="gtk3"/>,
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| 99 | <xref linkend="libsamplerate"/>,
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| 100 | <xref linkend="sbc"/> (Bluetooth support),
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| 101 | <xref linkend="valgrind"/>,
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| 102 | <ulink url="https://jackaudio.org/">JACK</ulink>,
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| 103 | <ulink url="https://0pointer.de/lennart/projects/libasyncns/">libasyncns</ulink>,
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| 104 | <ulink url="https://www.lirc.org/">LIRC</ulink>,
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| 105 | <ulink url="https://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/src/orc/">ORC</ulink>,
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| 106 | <ulink url="https://sourceforge.net/projects/soxr/">soxr</ulink>,
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| 107 | <ulink url="https://tdb.samba.org/">TDB</ulink>, and
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| 108 | <ulink url="https://www.freedesktop.org/software/pulseaudio/webrtc-audio-processing/">
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| 109 | WebRTC AudioProcessing</ulink>
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| 110 | <!--<ulink url="http://www.xenproject.org/">XEN</ulink>-->
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| 111 | </para>
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| 112 |
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| 113 | </sect2>
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| 114 |
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| 115 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 116 | <title>Installation of PulseAudio</title>
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| 117 | <!--
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| 118 | <para>
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| 119 | If <xref linkend="doxygen"/> is not installed, workaround a building
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| 120 | issue because of the changes in meson-0.57.2:
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| 121 | </para>
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| 122 |
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| 123 | <screen><userinput>sed '/doxygen/d' -i meson.build</userinput></screen>
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| 124 | -->
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| 125 | <para>
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| 126 | Install <application>PulseAudio</application> by running the following
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| 127 | commands:
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| 128 | </para>
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| 129 |
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| 130 | <screen><userinput>mkdir build &&
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| 131 | cd build &&
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| 132 |
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| 133 | meson setup --prefix=/usr \
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| 134 | --buildtype=release \
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| 135 | -D database=gdbm \
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| 136 | -D doxygen=false \
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| 137 | -D bluez5=disabled \
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| 138 | .. &&
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| 139 | ninja</userinput></screen>
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| 140 |
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| 141 | <para>
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| 142 | To test the results, issue: <command>ninja test</command>. One test
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| 143 | fails if the tests are not run as the root user, but this can be ignored.
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| 144 | </para>
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| 145 |
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| 146 | <para>
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| 147 | Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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| 148 | </para>
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| 149 |
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| 150 | <screen role="root"><userinput>ninja install</userinput></screen>
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| 151 |
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| 152 | <!-- http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/PulseAudio/Documentation/User/SystemWide/ -->
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| 153 | <para>Running PulseAudio as a system-wide daemon is possible but not
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| 154 | recommended. See <ulink
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| 155 | url="https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/PulseAudio/Documentation/User/SystemWide/"/>
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| 156 | for more information.
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| 157 | While still as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
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| 158 | user, remove the <application>D-Bus</application> configuration file
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| 159 | for the system wide daemon to avoid creating unnecessary system
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| 160 | users and groups:
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| 161 | </para>
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| 162 |
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| 163 | <screen role="root"><userinput>rm /usr/share/dbus-1/system.d/pulseaudio-system.conf</userinput></screen>
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| 164 |
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| 165 | </sect2>
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| 166 | <sect2 role="commands">
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| 167 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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| 168 |
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| 169 | <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
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| 170 | href="../../xincludes/meson-buildtype-release.xml"/>
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| 171 |
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| 172 | <para>
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| 173 | <parameter>-D bluez5=disabled</parameter>: This switch prevents
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| 174 | a runtime error if <xref linkend="dbus"/> and <xref linkend="sbc"/>
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| 175 | are both installed but <xref linkend="bluez"/> is not installed.
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| 176 | Remove this if you have installed all three packages.
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| 177 | </para>
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| 178 |
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| 179 | <para>
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| 180 | <parameter>-D doxygen=false</parameter>: This allows the package to
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| 181 | compile if <xref linkend="doxygen"/> is not installed. Remove this
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| 182 | if you have installed this and wish to build the documentation.
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| 183 | </para>
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| 184 | <!--
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| 185 | <para>
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| 186 | <parameter>- -disable-rpath</parameter>: This switch prevents
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| 187 | linker from adding a hardcoded runtime path to the installed
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| 188 | programs and libraries.
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| 189 | </para>-->
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| 190 |
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| 191 | </sect2>
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| 192 | <sect2 role="configuration">
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| 193 | <title>Configuring PulseAudio</title>
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| 194 |
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| 195 | <sect3 id="pulseaudio-config">
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| 196 | <title>Config Files</title>
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| 197 | <para>
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| 198 | There are system wide configuration files:
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| 199 | <filename>/etc/pulse/daemon.conf</filename>,
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| 200 | <filename>/etc/pulse/client.conf</filename>,
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| 201 | <filename>/etc/pulse/default.pa</filename>, and user configuration
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| 202 | files with the same names in
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| 203 | <filename class="directory">~/.config/pulse</filename>. User
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| 204 | configuration files take precedence over system wide ones.
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| 205 | </para>
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| 206 |
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| 207 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio pulseaudio-config">
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| 208 | <primary sortas="e-AA.config-pulse">~/.config/pulse</primary>
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| 209 | </indexterm>
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| 210 |
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| 211 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio pulseaudio-config">
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| 212 | <primary
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| 213 | sortas="e-etc-pulse-daemon.conf">/etc/pulse/daemon.conf</primary>
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| 214 | </indexterm>
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| 215 |
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| 216 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio pulseaudio-config">
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| 217 | <primary
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| 218 | sortas="e-etc-pulse-client.conf">/etc/pulse/client.conf</primary>
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| 219 | </indexterm>
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| 220 |
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| 221 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio pulseaudio-config">
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| 222 | <primary
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| 223 | sortas="e-etc-pulse-default.pa">/etc/pulse/default.pa</primary>
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| 224 | </indexterm>
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| 225 | </sect3>
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| 226 |
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| 227 | <sect3><title>Configuration Information</title>
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| 228 | <!--
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| 229 | <para>
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| 230 | The default configuration files allow setting up a working installation.
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| 231 | However, a reference to Console-Kit needs to be removed.
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| 232 | Issue the following command as the
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| 233 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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| 234 | </para>
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| 235 |
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| 236 | <screen role="root"><userinput>sed -i '/load-module module-console-kit/s/^/#/' /etc/pulse/default.pa</userinput></screen>
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| 237 |
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| 238 | In 13.0 this is protected via .ifexists module-console-kit.so
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| 239 | -->
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| 240 | <para>
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| 241 | You may have to configure the audio system. You can start
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| 242 | <application>pulseaudio</application> in command line mode using
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| 243 | <command>pulseaudio -C</command> and then list various
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| 244 | information and change settings. See
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| 245 | <command>man pulse-cli-syntax</command>.
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| 246 | </para>
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| 247 |
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| 248 | <para>
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| 249 | If <application>pulseaudio</application> was working but you no-longer
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| 250 | have sound, after checking for hardware issues (speakers or headphones
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| 251 | not connected, external amplifier not connected) you may need to fix it.
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| 252 | </para>
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| 253 |
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| 254 | <para>
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| 255 | One suggestion is to close the application, such as
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| 256 | <application>firefox</application> where sound has stopped working, then
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| 257 | run: <command>pactl list short sinks</command> followed by:
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| 258 | <command>pacmd set-default-sink <sink #></command> and then
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| 259 | restart the application.
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| 260 | </para>
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| 261 |
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| 262 | <para>
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| 263 | If that does not work, a more drastic approach often works. After closing
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| 264 | the application, close pulseaudio, either using <command>pulseaudio
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| 265 | --kill</command> or, if that fails, <command>killall -KILL
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| 266 | pulseaudio</command> and then <command>rm -rf
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| 267 | ~/.config/pulse/*</command> (and perhaps also
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| 268 | <command>rm -rf ~/.pulse/*</command> if you have used a very old version
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| 269 | of pulse on this machine), then run <command>pulseaudio
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| 270 | --verbose</command> to restart it. If the daemon starts, restart the
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| 271 | application. See <command>man pulseaudio</command> for more options.
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| 272 | </para>
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| 273 |
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| 274 | </sect3>
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| 275 | </sect2>
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| 276 |
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| 277 | <sect2 role="content">
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| 278 | <title>Contents</title>
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| 279 |
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| 280 | <segmentedlist>
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| 281 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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| 282 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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| 283 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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| 284 |
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| 285 | <seglistitem>
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| 286 | <seg>
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| 287 | <!--esdcompat,--> pacat, pacmd, pactl, padsp,
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| 288 | pamon (symlink to pacat), paplay (symlink to pacat),
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| 289 | parec (symlink to pacat), parecord (symlink to pacat), qpaeq,
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| 290 | pasuspender, pax11publish, pulseaudio, and
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| 291 | <!-- it looks like the equalizer needs FFTW: qpaeq, -->
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| 292 | start-pulseaudio-x11
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| 293 | </seg>
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| 294 | <seg>
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| 295 | libpulse.so,
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| 296 | libpulse-mainloop-glib.so,
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| 297 | libpulse-simple.so,
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| 298 | libpulsecommon-&pulseaudio-major-version;.so,
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| 299 | libpulsecore-&pulseaudio-major-version;.so, and
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| 300 | libpulsedsp.so
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| 301 | </seg>
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| 302 | <seg>
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| 303 | /etc/pulse,
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| 304 | /usr/include/pulse,
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| 305 | /usr/lib/cmake/PulseAudio,
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| 306 | /usr/lib/{pulseaudio,pulse-&pulseaudio-major-version;},
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| 307 | /usr/libexec/pulse, and
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| 308 | /usr/share/pulseaudio
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| 309 | </seg>
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| 310 | </seglistitem>
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| 311 | </segmentedlist>
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| 312 |
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| 313 | <variablelist>
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| 314 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 315 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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| 316 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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| 317 |
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| 318 | <!--
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| 319 | <varlistentry id="esdcompat">
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| 320 | <term><command>esdcompat</command></term>
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| 321 | <listitem>
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| 322 | <para>
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| 323 | is the <application>PulseAudio</application> ESD wrapper script.
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| 324 | </para>
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| 325 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio esdcompat">
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| 326 | <primary sortas="b-esdcompat">esdcompat</primary>
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| 327 | </indexterm>
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| 328 | </listitem>
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| 329 | </varlistentry>
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| 330 | -->
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| 331 |
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| 332 | <varlistentry id="pacat">
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| 333 | <term><command>pacat</command></term>
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| 334 | <listitem>
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| 335 | <para>
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| 336 | plays back or records raw or encoded audio streams on a
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| 337 | <application>PulseAudio</application> sound server
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| 338 | </para>
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| 339 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio pacat">
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| 340 | <primary sortas="b-pacat">pacat</primary>
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| 341 | </indexterm>
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| 342 | </listitem>
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| 343 | </varlistentry>
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| 344 |
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| 345 | <varlistentry id="pacmd">
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| 346 | <term><command>pacmd</command></term>
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| 347 | <listitem>
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| 348 | <para>
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| 349 | is a tool used to reconfigure a <application>PulseAudio</application>
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| 350 | sound server during runtime
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| 351 | </para>
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| 352 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio pacmd">
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| 353 | <primary sortas="b-pacmd">pacmd</primary>
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| 354 | </indexterm>
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| 355 | </listitem>
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| 356 | </varlistentry>
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| 357 |
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| 358 | <varlistentry id="pactl">
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| 359 | <term><command>pactl</command></term>
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| 360 | <listitem>
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| 361 | <para>
|
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| 362 | is used to control a running <application>PulseAudio</application>
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| 363 | sound server
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| 364 | </para>
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| 365 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio pactl">
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| 366 | <primary sortas="b-pactl">pactl</primary>
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| 367 | </indexterm>
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| 368 | </listitem>
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| 369 | </varlistentry>
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|---|
| 370 |
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| 371 | <varlistentry id="padsp">
|
|---|
| 372 | <term><command>padsp</command></term>
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| 373 | <listitem>
|
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| 374 | <para>
|
|---|
| 375 | is the <application>PulseAudio</application> OSS Wrapper
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| 376 | </para>
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|---|
| 377 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio padsp">
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|---|
| 378 | <primary sortas="b-padsp">padsp</primary>
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| 379 | </indexterm>
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| 380 | </listitem>
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|---|
| 381 | </varlistentry>
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|---|
| 382 |
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| 383 | <varlistentry id="pamon">
|
|---|
| 384 | <term><command>pamon</command></term>
|
|---|
| 385 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 386 | <para>
|
|---|
| 387 | is a symbolic link to <command>pacat</command>
|
|---|
| 388 | </para>
|
|---|
| 389 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio pamon">
|
|---|
| 390 | <primary sortas="b-pamon">pamon</primary>
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|---|
| 391 | </indexterm>
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|---|
| 392 | </listitem>
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|---|
| 393 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 394 |
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| 395 | <varlistentry id="paplay">
|
|---|
| 396 | <term><command>paplay</command></term>
|
|---|
| 397 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 398 | <para>
|
|---|
| 399 | is used to play audio files on a
|
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| 400 | <application>PulseAudio</application> sound server
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| 401 | </para>
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| 402 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio paplay">
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| 403 | <primary sortas="b-paplay">paplay</primary>
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| 404 | </indexterm>
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| 405 | </listitem>
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| 406 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 407 |
|
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| 408 | <varlistentry id="parec">
|
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| 409 | <term><command>parec</command></term>
|
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| 410 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 411 | <para>
|
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| 412 | is a symbolic link to <command>pacat</command>
|
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| 413 | </para>
|
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| 414 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio parec">
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| 415 | <primary sortas="b-parec">parec</primary>
|
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| 416 | </indexterm>
|
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| 417 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 418 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 419 |
|
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| 420 | <varlistentry id="parecord">
|
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| 421 | <term><command>parecord</command></term>
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| 422 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 423 | <para>
|
|---|
| 424 | is a symbolic link to <command>pacat</command>
|
|---|
| 425 | </para>
|
|---|
| 426 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio parecord">
|
|---|
| 427 | <primary sortas="b-parecord">parecord</primary>
|
|---|
| 428 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 429 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 430 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 431 |
|
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| 432 | <varlistentry id="pasuspender">
|
|---|
| 433 | <term><command>pasuspender</command></term>
|
|---|
| 434 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 435 | <para>
|
|---|
| 436 | is a tool that can be used to tell a local
|
|---|
| 437 | <application>PulseAudio</application> sound server to temporarily
|
|---|
| 438 | suspend access to the audio devices, which allows other applications
|
|---|
| 439 | to access them directly
|
|---|
| 440 | </para>
|
|---|
| 441 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio pasuspender">
|
|---|
| 442 | <primary sortas="b-pasuspender">pasuspender</primary>
|
|---|
| 443 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 444 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 445 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 446 |
|
|---|
| 447 | <varlistentry id="pax11publish">
|
|---|
| 448 | <term><command>pax11publish</command></term>
|
|---|
| 449 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 450 | <para>
|
|---|
| 451 | is the <application>PulseAudio</application>
|
|---|
| 452 | X11 Credential Utility
|
|---|
| 453 | </para>
|
|---|
| 454 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio pax11publish">
|
|---|
| 455 | <primary sortas="b-pax11publish">pax11publish</primary>
|
|---|
| 456 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 457 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 458 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 459 |
|
|---|
| 460 | <varlistentry id="pa-info">
|
|---|
| 461 | <term><command>pa-info</command></term>
|
|---|
| 462 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 463 | <para>
|
|---|
| 464 | is a shell script that prints various information relating to the
|
|---|
| 465 | <application>Pulseaudio</application> server currently in use
|
|---|
| 466 | </para>
|
|---|
| 467 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio pa-info">
|
|---|
| 468 | <primary sortas="b-pa-info">pa-info</primary>
|
|---|
| 469 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 470 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 471 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 472 |
|
|---|
| 473 | <varlistentry id="pulseaudio-prog">
|
|---|
| 474 | <term><command>pulseaudio</command></term>
|
|---|
| 475 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 476 | <para>
|
|---|
| 477 | is a networked low-latency sound server for Linux
|
|---|
| 478 | </para>
|
|---|
| 479 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio pulseaudio-prog">
|
|---|
| 480 | <primary sortas="b-pulseaudio">pulseaudio</primary>
|
|---|
| 481 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 482 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 483 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 484 |
|
|---|
| 485 | <!-- only installed if FFTW is present -->
|
|---|
| 486 | <varlistentry id="qpaeq">
|
|---|
| 487 | <term><command>qpaeq</command></term>
|
|---|
| 488 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 489 | <para>
|
|---|
| 490 | is an equalizer interface for
|
|---|
| 491 | <application>PulseAudio</application> equalizer sinks
|
|---|
| 492 | (Requires <xref linkend="fftw"/> at build time)
|
|---|
| 493 | </para>
|
|---|
| 494 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio qpaeq">
|
|---|
| 495 | <primary sortas="b-qpaeq">qpaeq</primary>
|
|---|
| 496 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 497 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 498 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 499 |
|
|---|
| 500 | <!-- Not found in PA 7.0
|
|---|
| 501 | <varlistentry id="start-pulseaudio-kde">
|
|---|
| 502 | <term><command>start-pulseaudio-kde</command></term>
|
|---|
| 503 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 504 | <para>
|
|---|
| 505 | Starts <application>PulseAudio</application> and loads
|
|---|
| 506 | module-device-manager to use KDE routing policies.
|
|---|
| 507 | </para>
|
|---|
| 508 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio start-pulseaudio-kde">
|
|---|
| 509 | <primary sortas="b-start-pulseaudio-kde">start-pulseaudio-kde</primary>
|
|---|
| 510 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 511 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 512 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 513 | -->
|
|---|
| 514 | <varlistentry id="start-pulseaudio-x11">
|
|---|
| 515 | <term><command>start-pulseaudio-x11</command></term>
|
|---|
| 516 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 517 | <para>
|
|---|
| 518 | starts <application>PulseAudio</application> and registers it to
|
|---|
| 519 | the X11 session manager
|
|---|
| 520 | </para>
|
|---|
| 521 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio start-pulseaudio-x11">
|
|---|
| 522 | <primary sortas="b-start-pulseaudio-x11">start-pulseaudio-x11</primary>
|
|---|
| 523 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 524 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 525 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 526 |
|
|---|
| 527 | </variablelist>
|
|---|
| 528 |
|
|---|
| 529 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 530 |
|
|---|
| 531 | </sect1>
|
|---|
