| 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 |
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| 7 | <!ENTITY pulseaudio-download-http
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| 8 | "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/pulseaudio/releases/pulseaudio-&pulseaudio-version;.tar.xz">
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| 9 | <!ENTITY pulseaudio-download-ftp " ">
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| 10 | <!ENTITY pulseaudio-md5sum "1efc916251910f1e9d4df7810e3e69f8">
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| 11 | <!ENTITY pulseaudio-size "1.9 MB">
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| 12 | <!ENTITY pulseaudio-buildsize "79 MB (add 1 MB for tests)">
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| 13 | <!ENTITY pulseaudio-time "0.1 SBU (Using parallelism=4; add 0.3 SBU for tests)">
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| 14 | ]>
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| 15 |
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| 16 | <sect1 id="pulseaudio" xreflabel="PulseAudio-&pulseaudio-version;">
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| 17 | <?dbhtml filename="pulseaudio.html"?>
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| 18 |
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| 19 | <sect1info>
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| 20 | <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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| 21 | <date>$Date$</date>
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| 22 | </sect1info>
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| 23 |
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| 24 | <title>PulseAudio-&pulseaudio-version;</title>
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| 25 |
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| 26 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio">
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| 27 | <primary sortas="a-PulseAudio">PulseAudio</primary>
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| 28 | </indexterm>
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| 29 |
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| 30 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 31 | <title>Introduction to PulseAudio</title>
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| 32 |
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| 33 | <para>
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| 34 | <application>PulseAudio</application> is a sound system for POSIX OSes,
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| 35 | meaning that it is a proxy for sound applications. It allows you to do
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| 36 | advanced operations on your sound data as it passes between your
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| 37 | application and your hardware. Things like transferring the audio to a
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| 38 | different machine, changing the sample format or channel count and mixing
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| 39 | several sounds into one are easily achieved using a sound server.
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| 40 | </para>
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| 41 |
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| 42 | &lfs10_checked;
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| 43 |
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| 44 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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| 45 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 46 | <listitem>
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| 47 | <para>
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| 48 | Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&pulseaudio-download-http;"/>
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| 49 | </para>
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| 50 | </listitem>
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| 51 | <listitem>
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| 52 | <para>
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| 53 | Download (FTP): <ulink url="&pulseaudio-download-ftp;"/>
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| 54 | </para>
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| 55 | </listitem>
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| 56 | <listitem>
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| 57 | <para>
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| 58 | Download MD5 sum: &pulseaudio-md5sum;
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| 59 | </para>
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| 60 | </listitem>
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| 61 | <listitem>
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| 62 | <para>
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| 63 | Download size: &pulseaudio-size;
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| 64 | </para>
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| 65 | </listitem>
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| 66 | <listitem>
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| 67 | <para>
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| 68 | Estimated disk space required: &pulseaudio-buildsize;
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| 69 | </para>
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| 70 | </listitem>
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| 71 | <listitem>
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| 72 | <para>
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| 73 | Estimated build time: &pulseaudio-time;
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| 74 | </para>
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| 75 | </listitem>
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| 76 | </itemizedlist>
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| 77 |
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| 78 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">PulseAudio Dependencies</bridgehead>
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| 79 |
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| 80 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
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| 81 | <para role="required">
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| 82 | <xref linkend="libsndfile"/>
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| 83 | </para>
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| 84 |
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| 85 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Recommended</bridgehead>
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| 86 | <para role="recommended">
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| 87 | <xref linkend="alsa-lib"/>,
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| 88 | <xref linkend="dbus"/>,
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| 89 | <phrase revision="sysv"><xref linkend="elogind"/>,</phrase>
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| 90 | <xref linkend="glib2"/>,
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| 91 | <xref linkend="libcap-pam"/>,
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| 92 | <xref linkend="speex"/> and
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| 93 | <xref linkend="xorg7-lib"/>
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| 94 | </para>
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| 95 |
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| 96 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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| 97 | <para role="optional">
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| 98 | <xref linkend="avahi"/>,
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| 99 | <xref linkend="bluez"/>,
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| 100 | <xref linkend="fftw"/>,
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| 101 | <xref linkend="GConf"/>,
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| 102 | <xref linkend="gtk3"/>,
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| 103 | <xref linkend="libsamplerate"/>,
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| 104 | <xref linkend="sbc"/> (Bluetooth support),
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| 105 | <xref linkend="valgrind"/>,
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| 106 | <ulink url="http://www.jackaudio.org/">JACK</ulink>,
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| 107 | <ulink url="http://0pointer.de/lennart/projects/libasyncns/">libasyncns</ulink>,
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| 108 | <ulink url="http://www.lirc.org/">LIRC</ulink>,
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| 109 | <ulink url="http://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/src/orc/">ORC</ulink>,
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| 110 | <ulink url="https://sourceforge.net/projects/soxr/">soxr</ulink>,
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| 111 | <ulink url="http://tdb.samba.org/">TDB</ulink>, and
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| 112 | <ulink url="http://freedesktop.org/software/pulseaudio/webrtc-audio-processing/">
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| 113 | WebRTC AudioProcessing</ulink>
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| 114 | <!--<ulink url="http://www.xenproject.org/">XEN</ulink>-->
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| 115 | </para>
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| 116 |
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| 117 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
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| 118 | <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/pulseaudio"/>
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| 119 | </para>
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| 120 | </sect2>
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| 121 |
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| 122 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 123 | <title>Installation of PulseAudio</title>
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| 124 |
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| 125 | <para>
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| 126 | Install <application>PulseAudio</application> by running the following
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| 127 | commands:
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| 128 | </para>
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| 129 | <!--
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| 130 | <screen revision="sysv"><userinput>./configure - -prefix=/usr \
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| 131 | - -sysconfdir=/etc \
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| 132 | - -localstatedir=/var \
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| 133 | - -disable-bluez5 \
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| 134 | - -disable-rpath \
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| 135 | - -with-systemduserunitdir=no &&
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| 136 | make</userinput></screen>
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| 137 |
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| 138 | <screen revision="systemd"><userinput>./configure - -prefix=/usr \
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| 139 | - -sysconfdir=/etc \
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| 140 | - -localstatedir=/var \
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| 141 | - -disable-bluez5 \
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| 142 | - -disable-rpath &&
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| 143 | make</userinput></screen>
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| 144 | -->
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| 145 |
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| 146 | <screen><userinput>mkdir build &&
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| 147 | cd build &&
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| 148 |
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| 149 | meson --prefix=/usr -Ddatabase=gdbm -Dbluez5=false &&
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| 150 | ninja</userinput></screen>
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| 151 |
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| 152 | <para>
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| 153 | To test the results, issue: <command>ninja test</command>. One test
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| 154 | fails if the tests are not run as the root user, but this can be ignored.
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| 155 | </para>
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| 156 |
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| 157 | <para>
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| 158 | Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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| 159 | </para>
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| 160 |
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| 161 | <screen role="root"><userinput>ninja install</userinput></screen>
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| 162 |
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| 163 | <!-- http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/PulseAudio/Documentation/User/SystemWide/ -->
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| 164 | <para>Running PulseAudio as a system-wide daemon is possible but not
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| 165 | recommended. See <ulink
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| 166 | url="https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/PulseAudio/Documentation/User/SystemWide/"/>
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| 167 | for more information.
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| 168 | While still as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
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| 169 | user, remove the <application>D-Bus</application> configuration file
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| 170 | for the system wide daemon to avoid creating unnecessary system
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| 171 | users and groups:
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| 172 | </para>
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| 173 |
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| 174 | <screen role="root"><userinput>rm -fv /etc/dbus-1/system.d/pulseaudio-system.conf</userinput></screen>
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| 175 |
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| 176 | </sect2>
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| 177 | <sect2 role="commands">
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| 178 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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| 179 |
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| 180 | <para>
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| 181 | <parameter>-Dbluez5=false</parameter>: This switch prevents
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| 182 | a runtime error if <xref linkend="dbus"/> and <xref linkend="sbc"/>
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| 183 | are both installed but <xref linkend="bluez"/> is not installed.
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| 184 | Remove this if you have installed all three packages.
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| 185 | </para>
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| 186 | <!--
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| 187 | <para>
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| 188 | <parameter>- -disable-rpath</parameter>: This switch prevents
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| 189 | linker from adding a hardcoded runtime path to the installed
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| 190 | programs and libraries.
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| 191 | </para>-->
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| 192 |
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| 193 | </sect2>
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| 194 | <sect2 role="configuration">
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| 195 | <title>Configuring PulseAudio</title>
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| 196 |
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| 197 | <sect3 id="pulseaudio-config">
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| 198 | <title>Config Files</title>
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| 199 | <para>
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| 200 | There are system wide configuration files:
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| 201 | <filename>/etc/pulse/daemon.conf</filename>,
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| 202 | <filename>/etc/pulse/client.conf</filename>,
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| 203 | <filename>/etc/pulse/default.pa</filename>, and user configuration
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| 204 | files with the same names in
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| 205 | <filename class="directory">~/.config/pulse</filename>. User
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| 206 | configuration files take precedence over system wide ones.
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| 207 | </para>
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| 208 |
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| 209 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio pulseaudio-config">
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| 210 | <primary sortas="e-AA.config-pulse">~/.config/pulse</primary>
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| 211 | </indexterm>
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| 212 |
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| 213 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio pulseaudio-config">
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| 214 | <primary
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| 215 | sortas="e-etc-pulse-daemon.conf">/etc/pulse/daemon.conf</primary>
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| 216 | </indexterm>
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| 217 |
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| 218 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio pulseaudio-config">
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| 219 | <primary
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| 220 | sortas="e-etc-pulse-client.conf">/etc/pulse/client.conf</primary>
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| 221 | </indexterm>
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| 222 |
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| 223 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio pulseaudio-config">
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| 224 | <primary
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| 225 | sortas="e-etc-pulse-default.pa">/etc/pulse/default.pa</primary>
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| 226 | </indexterm>
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| 227 | </sect3>
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| 228 |
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| 229 | <sect3><title>Configuration Information</title>
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| 230 | <!--
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| 231 | <para>
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| 232 | The default configuration files allow setting up a working installation.
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| 233 | However, a reference to Console-Kit needs to be removed.
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| 234 | Issue the following command as the
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| 235 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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| 236 | </para>
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| 237 |
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| 238 | <screen role="root"><userinput>sed -i '/load-module module-console-kit/s/^/#/' /etc/pulse/default.pa</userinput></screen>
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| 239 |
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| 240 | In 13.0 this is protected via .ifexists module-console-kit.so
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| 241 | -->
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| 242 | <para>
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| 243 | You may have to configure the audio system. You can start
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| 244 | <application>pulseaudio</application> in command line mode using
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| 245 | <command>pulseaudio -C</command> and then list various
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| 246 | information and change settings. See
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| 247 | <command>man pulse-cli-syntax</command>.
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| 248 | </para>
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| 249 |
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| 250 | <para>
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| 251 | If <application>pulseaudio</application> was working but you no-longer
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| 252 | have sound, after checking for hardware issues (speakers or headphones
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| 253 | not connected, external amplifier not connected) you may need to fix it.
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| 254 | </para>
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| 255 |
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| 256 | <para>
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| 257 | One suggestion is to close the application, such as
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| 258 | <application>firefox</application> where sound has stopped working, then
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| 259 | run: <command>pactl list short sinks</command> followed by:
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| 260 | <command>pacmd set-default-sink <sink #></command> and then
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| 261 | restart the application.
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| 262 | </para>
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| 263 |
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| 264 | <para>
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| 265 | If that does not work, a more drastic approach often works. After closing
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| 266 | the application, close pulseaudio, either using <command>pulseaudio
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| 267 | --kill</command> or, if that fails, <command>killall -KILL
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| 268 | pulseaudio</command> and then <command>rm -rf
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| 269 | ~/.config/pulse/*</command> (and perhaps also
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| 270 | <command>rm -rf ~/.pulse/*</command> if you have used a very old version
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| 271 | of pulse on this machine), then run <command>pulseaudio
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| 272 | --verbose</command> to restart it. If the daemon starts, restart the
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| 273 | application. See <command>man pulseaudio</command> for more options.
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| 274 | </para>
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| 275 |
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| 276 | </sect3>
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| 277 | </sect2>
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| 278 |
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| 279 | <sect2 role="content">
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| 280 | <title>Contents</title>
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| 281 |
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| 282 | <segmentedlist>
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| 283 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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| 284 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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| 285 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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| 286 |
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| 287 | <seglistitem>
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| 288 | <seg>
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| 289 | <!--esdcompat,--> pacat, pacmd, pactl, padsp,
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| 290 | pamon (symlink to pacat), paplay (symlink to pacat),
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| 291 | parec (symlink to pacat), parecord (symlink to pacat), qpaeq,
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| 292 | pasuspender, pax11publish, pulseaudio, and
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| 293 | <!-- it looks like the equalizer needs FFTW: qpaeq, -->
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| 294 | start-pulseaudio-x11
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| 295 | </seg>
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| 296 | <seg>
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| 297 | libpulse.so,
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| 298 | libpulse-mainloop-glib.so,
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| 299 | libpulse-simple.so,
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| 300 | libpulsecommon-&pulseaudio-major-version;.so,
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| 301 | libpulsecore-&pulseaudio-major-version;.so, and
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| 302 | libpulsedsp.so
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| 303 | </seg>
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| 304 | <seg>
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| 305 | /etc/pulse,
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| 306 | /usr/include/pulse,
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| 307 | /usr/lib/cmake/PulseAudio,
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| 308 | /usr/lib/{pulseaudio,pulse-&pulseaudio-major-version;},
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| 309 | /usr/libexec/pulse, and
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| 310 | /usr/share/pulseaudio
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| 311 | </seg>
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| 312 | </seglistitem>
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| 313 | </segmentedlist>
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| 314 |
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| 315 | <variablelist>
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| 316 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 317 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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| 318 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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| 319 |
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| 320 | <!--
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| 321 | <varlistentry id="esdcompat">
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| 322 | <term><command>esdcompat</command></term>
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| 323 | <listitem>
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| 324 | <para>
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| 325 | is the <application>PulseAudio</application> ESD wrapper script.
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| 326 | </para>
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| 327 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio esdcompat">
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| 328 | <primary sortas="b-esdcompat">esdcompat</primary>
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| 329 | </indexterm>
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| 330 | </listitem>
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| 331 | </varlistentry>
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| 332 | -->
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| 333 |
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| 334 | <varlistentry id="pacat">
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| 335 | <term><command>pacat</command></term>
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| 336 | <listitem>
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| 337 | <para>
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| 338 | plays back or records raw or encoded audio streams on a
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| 339 | <application>PulseAudio</application> sound server.
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| 340 | </para>
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| 341 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio pacat">
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| 342 | <primary sortas="b-pacat">pacat</primary>
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| 343 | </indexterm>
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| 344 | </listitem>
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| 345 | </varlistentry>
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| 346 |
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| 347 | <varlistentry id="pacmd">
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| 348 | <term><command>pacmd</command></term>
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| 349 | <listitem>
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| 350 | <para>
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| 351 | is a tool used to reconfigure a <application>PulseAudio</application>
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| 352 | sound server during runtime.
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| 353 | </para>
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| 354 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio pacmd">
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| 355 | <primary sortas="b-pacmd">pacmd</primary>
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| 356 | </indexterm>
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| 357 | </listitem>
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| 358 | </varlistentry>
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| 359 |
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| 360 | <varlistentry id="pactl">
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| 361 | <term><command>pactl</command></term>
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| 362 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 363 | <para>
|
|---|
| 364 | is used to control a running <application>PulseAudio</application>
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| 365 | sound server.
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| 366 | </para>
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| 367 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio pactl">
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| 368 | <primary sortas="b-pactl">pactl</primary>
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| 369 | </indexterm>
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| 370 | </listitem>
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|---|
| 371 | </varlistentry>
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|---|
| 372 |
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| 373 | <varlistentry id="padsp">
|
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| 374 | <term><command>padsp</command></term>
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| 375 | <listitem>
|
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| 376 | <para>
|
|---|
| 377 | is the <application>PulseAudio</application> OSS Wrapper.
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| 378 | </para>
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| 379 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio padsp">
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|---|
| 380 | <primary sortas="b-padsp">padsp</primary>
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| 381 | </indexterm>
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| 382 | </listitem>
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| 383 | </varlistentry>
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|---|
| 384 |
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| 385 | <varlistentry id="pamon">
|
|---|
| 386 | <term><command>pamon</command></term>
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|---|
| 387 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 388 | <para>
|
|---|
| 389 | is a symbolic link to <command>pacat</command>.
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|---|
| 390 | </para>
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|---|
| 391 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio pamon">
|
|---|
| 392 | <primary sortas="b-pamon">pamon</primary>
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| 393 | </indexterm>
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| 394 | </listitem>
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| 395 | </varlistentry>
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| 396 |
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| 397 | <varlistentry id="paplay">
|
|---|
| 398 | <term><command>paplay</command></term>
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| 399 | <listitem>
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| 400 | <para>
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| 401 | is used to play audio files on a
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| 402 | <application>PulseAudio</application> sound server.
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| 403 | </para>
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| 404 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio paplay">
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| 405 | <primary sortas="b-paplay">paplay</primary>
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| 406 | </indexterm>
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| 407 | </listitem>
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| 408 | </varlistentry>
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| 409 |
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| 410 | <varlistentry id="parec">
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| 411 | <term><command>parec</command></term>
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| 412 | <listitem>
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| 413 | <para>
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| 414 | is a symbolic link to <command>pacat</command>.
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| 415 | </para>
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| 416 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio parec">
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| 417 | <primary sortas="b-parec">parec</primary>
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| 418 | </indexterm>
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| 419 | </listitem>
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| 420 | </varlistentry>
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| 421 |
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| 422 | <varlistentry id="parecord">
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| 423 | <term><command>parecord</command></term>
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| 424 | <listitem>
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| 425 | <para>
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| 426 | is a symbolic link to <command>pacat</command>.
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| 427 | </para>
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| 428 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio parecord">
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| 429 | <primary sortas="b-parecord">parecord</primary>
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| 430 | </indexterm>
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| 431 | </listitem>
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| 432 | </varlistentry>
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| 433 |
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| 434 | <varlistentry id="pasuspender">
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| 435 | <term><command>pasuspender</command></term>
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| 436 | <listitem>
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| 437 | <para>
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| 438 | is a tool that can be used to tell a local
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| 439 | <application>PulseAudio</application> sound server to temporarily
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| 440 | suspend access to the audio devices, to allow other applications
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| 441 | to access them directly.
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| 442 | </para>
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| 443 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio pasuspender">
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| 444 | <primary sortas="b-pasuspender">pasuspender</primary>
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| 445 | </indexterm>
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| 446 | </listitem>
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| 447 | </varlistentry>
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| 448 |
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| 449 | <varlistentry id="pax11publish">
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| 450 | <term><command>pax11publish</command></term>
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| 451 | <listitem>
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| 452 | <para>
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| 453 | is the <application>PulseAudio</application>
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| 454 | X11 Credential Utility.
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| 455 | </para>
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| 456 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio pax11publish">
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| 457 | <primary sortas="b-pax11publish">pax11publish</primary>
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| 458 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 459 | </listitem>
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| 460 | </varlistentry>
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| 461 |
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| 462 | <varlistentry id="pa-info">
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| 463 | <term><command>pa-info</command></term>
|
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| 464 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 465 | <para>
|
|---|
| 466 | is a shell script that prints various information relating to the
|
|---|
| 467 | <application>Pulseaudio</application> server currently in use.
|
|---|
| 468 | </para>
|
|---|
| 469 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio pa-info">
|
|---|
| 470 | <primary sortas="b-pa-info">pa-info</primary>
|
|---|
| 471 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 472 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 473 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 474 |
|
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| 475 | <varlistentry id="pulseaudio-prog">
|
|---|
| 476 | <term><command>pulseaudio</command></term>
|
|---|
| 477 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 478 | <para>
|
|---|
| 479 | is a networked low-latency sound server for Linux.
|
|---|
| 480 | </para>
|
|---|
| 481 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio pulseaudio-prog">
|
|---|
| 482 | <primary sortas="b-pulseaudio">pulseaudio</primary>
|
|---|
| 483 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 484 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 485 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 486 |
|
|---|
| 487 | <!-- only installed if FFTW is present -->
|
|---|
| 488 | <varlistentry id="qpaeq">
|
|---|
| 489 | <term><command>qpaeq</command></term>
|
|---|
| 490 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 491 | <para>
|
|---|
| 492 | is an equalizer interface for
|
|---|
| 493 | <application>PulseAudio</application> equalizer sinks
|
|---|
| 494 | (Requires <xref linkend="fftw"/> at build time).
|
|---|
| 495 | </para>
|
|---|
| 496 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio qpaeq">
|
|---|
| 497 | <primary sortas="b-qpaeq">qpaeq</primary>
|
|---|
| 498 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 499 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 500 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 501 |
|
|---|
| 502 | <!-- Not found in PA 7.0
|
|---|
| 503 | <varlistentry id="start-pulseaudio-kde">
|
|---|
| 504 | <term><command>start-pulseaudio-kde</command></term>
|
|---|
| 505 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 506 | <para>
|
|---|
| 507 | Starts <application>PulseAudio</application> and loads
|
|---|
| 508 | module-device-manager to use KDE routing policies.
|
|---|
| 509 | </para>
|
|---|
| 510 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio start-pulseaudio-kde">
|
|---|
| 511 | <primary sortas="b-start-pulseaudio-kde">start-pulseaudio-kde</primary>
|
|---|
| 512 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 513 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 514 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 515 | -->
|
|---|
| 516 | <varlistentry id="start-pulseaudio-x11">
|
|---|
| 517 | <term><command>start-pulseaudio-x11</command></term>
|
|---|
| 518 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 519 | <para>
|
|---|
| 520 | starts <application>PulseAudio</application> and registers it to
|
|---|
| 521 | the X11 session manager.
|
|---|
| 522 | </para>
|
|---|
| 523 | <indexterm zone="pulseaudio start-pulseaudio-x11">
|
|---|
| 524 | <primary sortas="b-start-pulseaudio-x11">start-pulseaudio-x11</primary>
|
|---|
| 525 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 526 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 527 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 528 |
|
|---|
| 529 | </variablelist>
|
|---|
| 530 |
|
|---|
| 531 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 532 |
|
|---|
| 533 | </sect1>
|
|---|
