source: networking/connect/dhcp.xml@ 443b085

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Last change on this file since 443b085 was 23ca8a5, checked in by Ken Moffat <ken@…>, 7 years ago

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6
7 <!ENTITY dhcp-download-http " ">
8 <!ENTITY dhcp-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.isc.org/isc/dhcp/&dhcp-version;/dhcp-&dhcp-version;.tar.gz">
9 <!ENTITY dhcp-md5sum "2b5e5b2fa31c2e27e487039d86f83d3f">
10 <!ENTITY dhcp-size "9.6 MB">
11 <!ENTITY dhcp-buildsize "238 MB">
12 <!ENTITY dhcp-time "0.6 SBU">
13]>
14
15<sect1 id="dhcp" xreflabel="DHCP-&dhcp-version;">
16 <?dbhtml filename="dhcp.html"?>
17
18 <sect1info>
19 <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
20 <date>$Date$</date>
21 </sect1info>
22
23 <title>DHCP-&dhcp-version;</title>
24
25 <indexterm zone="dhcp">
26 <primary sortas="a-DHCP">DHCP</primary>
27 </indexterm>
28
29 <sect2 role="package">
30 <title>Introduction to ISC DHCP</title>
31
32 <para>
33 The <application>ISC DHCP</application> package contains both the client
34 and server programs for DHCP. <command>dhclient</command> (the client) is
35 used for connecting to a network which uses DHCP to assign network
36 addresses. <command>dhcpd</command> (the server) is used for assigning
37 network addresses on private networks.
38 </para>
39
40 &lfs80_checked;
41
42 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
43 <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
44 <listitem>
45 <para>
46 Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&dhcp-download-http;"/>
47 </para>
48 </listitem>
49 <listitem>
50 <para>
51 Download (FTP): <ulink url="&dhcp-download-ftp;"/>
52 </para>
53 </listitem>
54 <listitem>
55 <para>
56 Download MD5 sum: &dhcp-md5sum;
57 </para>
58 </listitem>
59 <listitem>
60 <para>
61 Download size: &dhcp-size;
62 </para>
63 </listitem>
64 <listitem>
65 <para>
66 Estimated disk space required: &dhcp-buildsize;
67 </para>
68 </listitem>
69 <listitem>
70 <para>
71 Estimated build time: &dhcp-time;
72 </para>
73 </listitem>
74 </itemizedlist>
75
76 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
77 <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
78 <listitem>
79 <para>
80 Required patch:
81 <ulink url="&patch-root;/dhcp-&dhcp-version;-client_script-1.patch"/>
82 </para>
83 </listitem>
84 <listitem>
85 <para>
86 Optional patch:
87 <ulink url="&patch-root;/dhcp-&dhcp-version;-missing_ipv6-1.patch"/>
88 </para>
89 </listitem>
90 </itemizedlist>
91
92 <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
93 <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/dhcp"/>
94 </para>
95 </sect2>
96
97 <sect2 role="kernel" id="dhcp-kernel">
98 <title>Kernel Configuration</title>
99
100 <para>
101 You must have Packet Socket support:
102 </para>
103
104<screen><literal>[*] Networking support ---&gt; [CONFIG_NET]
105 Networking options ---&gt;
106 &lt;*&gt; Packet socket [CONFIG_PACKET]</literal></screen>
107
108 <para>
109 If you do not have IPv6 support:
110 </para>
111
112<screen><literal>[*] Networking support ---&gt; [CONFIG_NET]
113 Networking Options ---&gt;
114 &lt;*&gt; The IPv6 Protocol ---&gt; [CONFIG_IPV6]</literal></screen>
115
116 <para>
117 compiled in, then you must use the <quote>missing_ipv6</quote> patch.
118 </para>
119
120 <indexterm zone="dhcp dhcp-kernel">
121 <primary sortas="d-DHCP">DHCP</primary>
122 </indexterm>
123
124 </sect2>
125
126 <sect2 role="installation">
127 <title>Installation of ISC DHCP</title>
128
129 <note>
130 <para>
131 This package does not support parallel build.
132 </para>
133 </note>
134
135 <para>
136 If you have not compiled IPv6 support into the kernel, apply the
137 missing_ipv6 patch:
138 </para>
139
140<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../dhcp-&dhcp-version;-missing_ipv6-1.patch</userinput></screen>
141
142 <note>
143 <para>
144 Be careful with the instructions below. The single and
145 double quotes are important because the defined
146 variables are used verbatim in the code.
147 </para>
148 </note>
149
150 <para>
151 Install <application>ISC DHCP</application> by running
152 the following commands:
153 </para>
154
155<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../dhcp-&dhcp-version;-client_script-1.patch &amp;&amp;
156CFLAGS="-D_PATH_DHCLIENT_SCRIPT='\"/sbin/dhclient-script\"' \
157 -D_PATH_DHCPD_CONF='\"/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf\"' \
158 -D_PATH_DHCLIENT_CONF='\"/etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf\"'" &amp;&amp;
159./configure --prefix=/usr \
160 --sysconfdir=/etc/dhcp \
161 --localstatedir=/var \
162 --with-srv-lease-file=/var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases \
163 --with-srv6-lease-file=/var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd6.leases \
164 --with-cli-lease-file=/var/lib/dhclient/dhclient.leases \
165 --with-cli6-lease-file=/var/lib/dhclient/dhclient6.leases &amp;&amp;
166make -j1</userinput></screen>
167
168 <para>
169 <!-- To test the results, issue: <command>make check</command>
170
171 Note: make check builds a library, but otherwise does nothing.
172
173 -->
174 This package does not come with a test suite.
175 </para>
176
177 <para>
178 If you only want to install the <application>ISC DHCP</application> client,
179 issue the following commands as the
180 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
181 </para>
182
183<screen role="root"><userinput>make -C client install &amp;&amp;
184mv -v /usr/sbin/dhclient /sbin &amp;&amp;
185install -v -m755 client/scripts/linux /sbin/dhclient-script</userinput></screen>
186
187 <para>
188 Skip to <xref linkend="dhclient-config"/> in order to configure the
189 client
190 </para>
191
192 <para>
193 If you only want to install the <application>ISC DHCP</application> server,
194 issue the following command as the
195 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
196 </para>
197
198<screen role="root"><userinput>make -C server install</userinput></screen>
199
200 <para>
201 Skip to <xref linkend="dhcpd-config"/> in order to configure the server.
202 </para>
203
204 <para>
205 Alternatively, you can install whole package which includes the client,
206 server, relay, static libraries and development headers by running the
207 following commands as the
208 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
209 </para>
210
211<screen role="root"><userinput>make install &amp;&amp;
212mv -v /usr/sbin/dhclient /sbin &amp;&amp;
213install -v -m755 client/scripts/linux /sbin/dhclient-script</userinput></screen>
214
215 </sect2>
216
217 <sect2 role="configuration">
218 <title>Configuring ISC DHCP</title>
219
220 <sect3 id="dhcp-config">
221 <title>Config Files</title>
222
223 <para>
224 <filename>/etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf</filename> and
225 <filename>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf</filename>
226 </para>
227
228 <indexterm zone="dhcp dhcp-config">
229 <primary sortas="e-etc-dhcp-dhclient.conf">/etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf</primary>
230 </indexterm>
231
232 <indexterm zone="dhcp dhcp-config">
233 <primary sortas="e-etc-dhcp-dhcpd.conf">/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf</primary>
234 </indexterm>
235
236 </sect3>
237
238 <sect3 id="dhclient-config">
239 <title>Client Configuration</title>
240
241 <para>
242 Create a basic <filename>/etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf</filename>
243 by running the following command as the
244 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
245 </para>
246
247<screen role="root"><userinput>install -vdm755 /etc/dhcp &amp;&amp;
248cat &gt; /etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
249<literal># Begin /etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf
250#
251# Basic dhclient.conf(5)
252
253#prepend domain-name-servers 127.0.0.1;
254request subnet-mask, broadcast-address, time-offset, routers,
255 domain-name, domain-name-servers, domain-search, host-name,
256 netbios-name-servers, netbios-scope, interface-mtu,
257 ntp-servers;
258require subnet-mask, domain-name-servers;
259#timeout 60;
260#retry 60;
261#reboot 10;
262#select-timeout 5;
263#initial-interval 2;
264
265# End /etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf</literal>
266EOF</userinput></screen>
267
268 <para>
269 See <command>man 5 dhclient.conf</command> for additional options.
270 </para>
271
272 <para>
273 Now create the <filename class="directory">/var/lib/dhclient</filename>
274 directory which will contain DHCP Client leases by running the following
275 command as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
276 </para>
277
278<screen role="root"><userinput>install -v -dm 755 /var/lib/dhclient</userinput></screen>
279
280 <para id="dhclient-service-sysd" revision="systemd">
281 If you want to configure network interfaces at boot using
282 <command>dhclient</command>, you need to install the
283 <filename>dhclient@.service</filename> unit included in the
284 <xref linkend="systemd-units"/> package by running the following
285 command as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
286 </para>
287
288 <indexterm zone="dhcp dhclient-service-sysd" revision="systemd">
289 <primary sortas="f-dhclient">dhclient@.service</primary>
290 </indexterm>
291
292<screen role="root" revision="systemd"><userinput>make install-dhclient</userinput></screen>
293
294 <note revision="systemd">
295 <para>
296 Make sure that you disable the <command>systemd-networkd</command>
297 service or configure it not to manage the interfaces you want to
298 manage with <command>dhclient</command>.
299 </para>
300 </note>
301
302 <para>
303 At this point you can test if <command>dhclient</command> is
304 behaving as expected by running the following command as the
305 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
306 </para>
307
308<screen role="root" revision="sysv"><userinput>dhclient <replaceable>&lt;eth0&gt;</replaceable></userinput></screen>
309
310<screen role="root" revision="systemd"><userinput>systemctl start dhclient@<replaceable>eth0</replaceable></userinput></screen>
311
312 <para revision="sysv">
313 Replace <replaceable>&lt;eth0&gt;</replaceable> with your
314 desired interface. If you want more verbose output, add the
315 <command>-v</command> parameter to the command above.
316 </para>
317
318 <para id="dhclient-service" revision="sysv">
319 If you want to configure network interfaces at boot using
320 <command>dhclient</command>, you need to install the
321 <filename>/lib/services/dhclient</filename> script
322 included in <xref linkend="bootscripts"/> package:
323 </para>
324
325<screen role="root" revision="sysv"><userinput>make install-service-dhclient</userinput></screen>
326
327 <indexterm zone="dhcp dhclient-service" revision="sysv">
328 <primary sortas="f-dhclient">dhclient (service script)</primary>
329 </indexterm>
330
331 <para id="dhclient-ifconfig" revision="sysv">
332 Next, create the <filename>/etc/sysconfig/ifconfig.eth0</filename>
333 configuration file with the following commands as the
334 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
335 </para>
336
337<screen role="root" revision="sysv"><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/sysconfig/ifconfig.eth0 &lt;&lt; "EOF"
338<literal>ONBOOT="yes"
339IFACE="eth0"
340SERVICE="dhclient"
341DHCP_START=""
342DHCP_STOP=""
343
344# Set PRINTIP="yes" to have the script print
345# the DHCP assigned IP address
346PRINTIP="no"
347
348# Set PRINTALL="yes" to print the DHCP assigned values for
349# IP, SM, DG, and 1st NS. This requires PRINTIP="yes".
350PRINTALL="no"</literal>
351EOF</userinput></screen>
352
353 <indexterm zone="dhcp dhclient-ifconfig" revision="sysv">
354 <primary sortas="e-etc-sysconfig-...-dhclient">/etc/sysconfig/ifconfig.eth0</primary>
355 </indexterm>
356
357 <para revision="sysv">
358 Adjust the file to suit your needs.
359 </para>
360
361 <para revision="sysv">
362 For more information on the appropriate <envar>DHCP_START</envar>
363 and <envar>DHCP_STOP</envar> values see
364 <command>man 8 dhclient</command>.
365 </para>
366
367 <para revision="systemd">
368 To start <command>dhclient</command> on a specific interface
369 at boot, enable the previously installed systemd unit by
370 running the following command as the
371 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
372 </para>
373
374<screen role="root" revision="systemd"><userinput>systemctl enable dhclient@<replaceable>eth0</replaceable></userinput></screen>
375
376 <para revision="systemd">
377 Replace <replaceable>eth0</replaceable> with the actual interface name.
378 </para>
379
380 </sect3>
381
382 <sect3 id="dhcpd-config">
383 <title>Server Configuration</title>
384
385 <para>
386 Note that you only need the DHCP server if you want to issue
387 LAN addresses over your network. The DHCP client doesn't need
388 the server in order to function properly.
389 </para>
390
391 <para>
392 Start with creating <filename>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf</filename>
393 by running the following command as the
394 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
395 </para>
396
397<screen role="root"><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
398<literal># Begin /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
399#
400# Example dhcpd.conf(5)
401
402# Use this to enble / disable dynamic dns updates globally.
403ddns-update-style none;
404
405# option definitions common to all supported networks...
406option domain-name "example.org";
407option domain-name-servers ns1.example.org, ns2.example.org;
408
409default-lease-time 600;
410max-lease-time 7200;
411
412# This is a very basic subnet declaration.
413subnet 10.254.239.0 netmask 255.255.255.224 {
414 range 10.254.239.10 10.254.239.20;
415 option routers rtr-239-0-1.example.org, rtr-239-0-2.example.org;
416}
417
418# End /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf</literal>
419EOF</userinput></screen>
420
421 <para>
422 Adjust the file to suit your needs. See
423 <command>man 5 dhcpd.conf</command> for additional options.
424 </para>
425
426 <para>
427 Now create the <filename class="directory">/var/lib/dhcpd</filename>
428 directory which will contain DHCP Server leases by running the following
429 command as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
430 </para>
431
432<screen role="root"><userinput>install -v -dm 755 /var/lib/dhcpd</userinput></screen>
433
434 <para>
435 If you want to start the DHCP Server at boot, install the
436 <phrase revision="sysv"><filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/dhcpd</filename>
437 inti script</phrase>
438 <phrase revision="systemd"><filename>dhcpd.service</filename>
439 unit</phrase> included in the
440 <xref linkend="bootscripts" revision="sysv"/>
441 <xref linkend="systemd-units" revision="systemd"/>
442 package:
443 </para>
444
445<screen role="root"><userinput>make install-dhcpd</userinput></screen>
446
447 <indexterm zone="dhcp dhcpd-config">
448 <primary sortas="f-dhcpd">dhcpd</primary>
449 </indexterm>
450
451 <para>
452 You will need to edit the
453 <phrase revision="sysv"><filename>/etc/sysconfig/dhcpd</filename></phrase>
454 <phrase revision="systemd"><filename>/etc/default/dhcpd</filename></phrase>
455 in order to set the interface on which <command>dhcpd</command>
456 will serve the DHCP requests.
457 </para>
458
459 </sect3>
460
461 </sect2>
462
463 <sect2 role="content">
464 <title>Contents</title>
465
466 <segmentedlist>
467 <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
468 <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
469 <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
470
471 <seglistitem>
472 <seg>
473 dhclient, dhclient-script, dhcpd, dhcrelay and omshell
474 </seg>
475 <seg>
476 libdhcpctl.a and libomapi.a
477 </seg>
478 <seg>
479 /etc/dhcp,
480 /usr/include/dhcpctl,
481 /usr/include/isc-dhcp,
482 /usr/include/omapip,
483 /var/lib/dhclient and
484 /var/lib/dhcpd
485 </seg>
486 </seglistitem>
487 </segmentedlist>
488
489 <variablelist>
490 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
491 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
492 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
493
494 <varlistentry id="dhclient">
495 <term><command>dhclient</command></term>
496 <listitem>
497 <para>
498 is the implementation of the DHCP client.
499 </para>
500 <indexterm zone="dhcp dhclient">
501 <primary sortas="b-dhclient">dhclient</primary>
502 </indexterm>
503 </listitem>
504 </varlistentry>
505
506 <varlistentry id="dhclient-script">
507 <term><command>dhclient-script</command></term>
508 <listitem>
509 <para>
510 is used by dhclient to (re)configure interfaces. It can make
511 extra changes by invoking custom dhclient-{entry,exit}-hooks.
512 </para>
513 <indexterm zone="dhcp dhclient-script">
514 <primary sortas="b-dhclient-script">dhclient-script</primary>
515 </indexterm>
516 </listitem>
517 </varlistentry>
518
519 <varlistentry id="dhcpd">
520 <term><command>dhcpd</command></term>
521 <listitem>
522 <para>
523 implements Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) and
524 Internet Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) requests for network
525 addresses.
526 </para>
527 <indexterm zone="dhcp dhcpd">
528 <primary sortas="b-dhcpd">dhcpd</primary>
529 </indexterm>
530 </listitem>
531 </varlistentry>
532
533 <varlistentry id="dhcrelay">
534 <term><command>dhcrelay</command></term>
535 <listitem>
536 <para>
537 provides a means to accept DHCP and BOOTP requests on a subnet
538 without a DHCP server and relay them to a DHCP server on another
539 subnet.
540 </para>
541 <indexterm zone="dhcp dhcrelay">
542 <primary sortas="b-dhcrelay">dhcrelay</primary>
543 </indexterm>
544 </listitem>
545 </varlistentry>
546
547 <varlistentry id="omshell">
548 <term><command>omshell</command></term>
549 <listitem>
550 <para>
551 provides an interactive way to connect to, query and
552 possibly change the ISC DHCP Server's state via OMAPI, the
553 Object Management API.
554 </para>
555 <indexterm zone="dhcp omshell">
556 <primary sortas="b-omshell">omshell</primary>
557 </indexterm>
558 </listitem>
559 </varlistentry>
560
561 </variablelist>
562
563 </sect2>
564
565</sect1>
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