[246c904] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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[6732c094] | 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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[246c904] | 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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[14d6b3e0] | 6 |
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[f0ef84e] | 7 | <!ENTITY dhcpcd-download-http "https://github.com/NetworkConfiguration/dhcpcd/releases/download/v&dhcpcd-version;/dhcpcd-&dhcpcd-version;.tar.xz">
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[4183f95] | 8 | <!ENTITY dhcpcd-download-ftp " ">
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[a62dc41] | 9 | <!ENTITY dhcpcd-md5sum "1f266e2c32567bc778ea22c599fb06d9">
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[a200b30] | 10 | <!ENTITY dhcpcd-size "260 KB">
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[a62dc41] | 11 | <!ENTITY dhcpcd-buildsize "3.1 MB (with tests)">
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[e0a7d67c] | 12 | <!ENTITY dhcpcd-time "less than 0.1 SBU (with tests)">
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[246c904] | 13 | ]>
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| 14 |
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[fd680fb] | 15 | <sect1 id="dhcpcd" xreflabel="dhcpcd-&dhcpcd-version;">
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[820d164a] | 16 | <?dbhtml filename="dhcpcd.html"?>
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[4839c17] | 17 |
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| 18 |
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[add19ff9] | 19 | <title>dhcpcd-&dhcpcd-version;</title>
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[4839c17] | 20 |
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[820d164a] | 21 | <indexterm zone="dhcpcd">
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[add19ff9] | 22 | <primary sortas="a-dhcpcd">dhcpcd</primary>
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[820d164a] | 23 | </indexterm>
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| 24 |
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| 25 | <sect2 role="package">
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[add19ff9] | 26 | <title>Introduction to dhcpcd</title>
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[820d164a] | 27 |
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[7c56ece] | 28 | <para>
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| 29 | <application>dhcpcd</application> is an implementation of the
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| 30 | DHCP client specified in RFC2131. A DHCP client is useful for connecting
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| 31 | your computer to a network which uses DHCP to assign network
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| 32 | addresses. dhcpcd strives to be a fully featured, yet very lightweight
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| 33 | DHCP client.
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| 34 | </para>
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[4839c17] | 35 |
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[ed345e7] | 36 | &lfs120_checked;
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[77ac0f23] | 37 |
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[820d164a] | 38 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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| 39 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 40 | <listitem>
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[7c56ece] | 41 | <para>
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| 42 | Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&dhcpcd-download-http;"/>
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| 43 | </para>
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[820d164a] | 44 | </listitem>
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| 45 | <listitem>
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[7c56ece] | 46 | <para>
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| 47 | Download (FTP): <ulink url="&dhcpcd-download-ftp;"/>
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| 48 | </para>
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[820d164a] | 49 | </listitem>
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| 50 | <listitem>
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[7c56ece] | 51 | <para>
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| 52 | Download MD5 sum: &dhcpcd-md5sum;
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| 53 | </para>
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[820d164a] | 54 | </listitem>
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| 55 | <listitem>
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[7c56ece] | 56 | <para>
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| 57 | Download size: &dhcpcd-size;
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| 58 | </para>
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[820d164a] | 59 | </listitem>
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| 60 | <listitem>
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[7c56ece] | 61 | <para>
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| 62 | Estimated disk space required: &dhcpcd-buildsize;
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| 63 | </para>
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[820d164a] | 64 | </listitem>
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| 65 | <listitem>
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[7c56ece] | 66 | <para>
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| 67 | Estimated build time: &dhcpcd-time;
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| 68 | </para>
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[820d164a] | 69 | </listitem>
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| 70 | </itemizedlist>
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[4839c17] | 71 |
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[4edf8452] | 72 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">dhcpcd Dependencies</bridgehead>
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| 73 |
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| 74 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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| 75 | <para role="optional">
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[7c56ece] | 76 | <xref linkend="llvm"/> (with Clang),
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| 77 | <xref linkend="ntp"/>,
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| 78 | <ulink url="https://chrony.tuxfamily.org/">chronyd</ulink>, and
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| 79 | <ulink url="https://github.com/thkukuk/ypbind-mt/">ypbind</ulink>
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[4edf8452] | 80 | </para>
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| 81 |
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[820d164a] | 82 | </sect2>
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[4839c17] | 83 |
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[2115e38] | 84 | <sect2 id='dhcpcd-privsep'>
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| 85 | <title>Privilege separation</title>
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[820d164a] | 86 |
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[05c8448] | 87 | <para>
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[2115e38] | 88 | Recent releases of <application>dhcpcd</application> optionally support
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| 89 | privilege separation. As the practical security benefits of this are
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| 90 | unclear for a program like <application>dhcpcd</application> and the
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| 91 | setup is more complicated, the book currently defaults to disable it.
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| 92 | </para>
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| 93 | <para>
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| 94 | If you however would like to use privilege separation, additional
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| 95 | installation steps are necessary to set up the proper environment. Issue
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| 96 | the following commands as the
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| 97 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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[05c8448] | 98 | </para>
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| 99 |
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| 100 | <screen role="root"><userinput>install -v -m700 -d /var/lib/dhcpcd &&
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| 101 |
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| 102 | groupadd -g 52 dhcpcd &&
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| 103 | useradd -c 'dhcpcd PrivSep' \
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| 104 | -d /var/lib/dhcpcd \
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| 105 | -g dhcpcd \
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[cb37cb79] | 106 | -s /bin/false \
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[05c8448] | 107 | -u 52 dhcpcd &&
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| 108 | chown -v dhcpcd:dhcpcd /var/lib/dhcpcd </userinput></screen>
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| 109 |
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[2115e38] | 110 | </sect2>
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| 111 |
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| 112 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 113 | <title>Installation of dhcpcd</title>
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[39a4e4a8] | 114 | <!-- Now in the code
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[d16c71a] | 115 | <para>Fix a runtime error caused by a change in glibc-2.36:</para>
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| 116 |
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| 117 | <screen><userinput>sed '/Deny everything else/i SECCOMP_ALLOW(__NR_getrandom),' \
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| 118 | -i src/privsep-linux.c</userinput></screen>
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[39a4e4a8] | 119 | -->
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[7c56ece] | 120 | <para>
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[2115e38] | 121 | Build <application>dhcpcd</application> without privilege separation
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| 122 | by running the following command:
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| 123 | </para>
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| 124 |
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| 125 | <screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr \
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| 126 | --sysconfdir=/etc \
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| 127 | --libexecdir=/usr/lib/dhcpcd \
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| 128 | --dbdir=/var/lib/dhcpcd \
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| 129 | --runstatedir=/run \
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| 130 | --disable-privsep &&
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| 131 | make</userinput></screen>
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| 132 |
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| 133 | <para>
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[a62dc41] | 134 | Alternatively, build <application>dhcpcd</application> with privilege
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| 135 | separation by running the following commands:
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[7c56ece] | 136 | </para>
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[820d164a] | 137 |
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[40c00c5] | 138 | <screen role="nodump"><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr \
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[e1d2da5] | 139 | --sysconfdir=/etc \
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| 140 | --libexecdir=/usr/lib/dhcpcd \
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| 141 | --dbdir=/var/lib/dhcpcd \
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[f713df3] | 142 | --runstatedir=/run \
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[e1d2da5] | 143 | --privsepuser=dhcpcd &&
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[f0740ab] | 144 | make</userinput></screen>
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[f9a784a] | 145 |
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[7c56ece] | 146 | <para>
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| 147 | To test the results, issue: <command>make test</command>.
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| 148 | </para>
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[f9a784a] | 149 |
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[7c56ece] | 150 | <para>
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| 151 | Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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| 152 | </para>
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[f9a784a] | 153 |
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[bfa01156] | 154 | <screen role='root'><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
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[4839c17] | 155 |
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[690658a5] | 156 | <!--
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[7c56ece] | 157 | <para>
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| 158 | By default, a plain text lease info file isn't created but the
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| 159 | <application>dhcpcd</application> provides a hook which can be used for
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| 160 | creating such a file. Install the hook by running the following commands
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| 161 | as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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| 162 | </para>
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[232e46a] | 163 |
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[bfa01156] | 164 | <screen role='root'><userinput>sed -i "s;/var/lib;/run;g" dhcpcd-hooks/50-dhcpcd-compat &&
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[f9a784a] | 165 | install -v -m 644 dhcpcd-hooks/50-dhcpcd-compat /lib/dhcpcd/dhcpcd-hooks/</userinput></screen>
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[690658a5] | 166 | -->
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[4839c17] | 167 |
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[820d164a] | 168 | </sect2>
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[4839c17] | 169 |
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[690658a5] | 170 | <sect2 role="commands">
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| 171 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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| 172 |
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| 173 | <para>
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[a62dc41] | 174 | <parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/dhcpcd</parameter>: This switch sets a
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| 175 | better location for the dhcpcd internal libraries.
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[690658a5] | 176 | </para>
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| 177 |
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| 178 | <para>
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[a62dc41] | 179 | <parameter>--dbdir=/var/lib/dhcpcd</parameter>: This switch adjusts the
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| 180 | database directory because the default directory,
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| 181 | <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename>, is not FHS-compliant.
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[690658a5] | 182 | </para>
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| 183 |
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[f713df3] | 184 | <para>
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[a62dc41] | 185 | <parameter>--runstatedir=/run</parameter>: This switch sets the runtime
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| 186 | state directory because the default
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[f713df3] | 187 | <filename class="directory">/var/run</filename> is a symbolic
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[a62dc41] | 188 | link to <filename class="directory">/run</filename>, and using
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| 189 | <filename class="directory">/var/run</filename> is deprecated.
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[f713df3] | 190 | </para>
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| 191 |
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[690658a5] | 192 | <para>
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[a62dc41] | 193 | <parameter>--disable-privsep</parameter>: This switch disables privilege
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| 194 | separation, which is the default in dhcpcd. This switch is not used in
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| 195 | the build configuration where privilege separation is used.
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[2115e38] | 196 | </para>
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| 197 |
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| 198 | <para>
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[a62dc41] | 199 | <parameter>--privsepuser=dhcpcd</parameter>: This switch sets the
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| 200 | privilege separation user in the build configuration where privilege
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| 201 | escalation is used.
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[2115e38] | 202 | </para>
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| 203 |
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| 204 | <para>
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| 205 | <option>--with-hook=...</option>: You can optionally install more hooks,
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| 206 | for example to install some configuration files such as
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[a62dc41] | 207 | <filename>ntp.conf</filename>. A set of hooks can be found in the
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[2115e38] | 208 | <filename class="directory">dhcpcd-hooks</filename> directory in the
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| 209 | build tree.
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| 210 | </para>
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[690658a5] | 211 | </sect2>
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| 212 |
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[820d164a] | 213 | <sect2 role="configuration">
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[add19ff9] | 214 | <title>Configuring dhcpcd</title>
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[820d164a] | 215 |
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| 216 | <sect3 id="dhcpcd-config">
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| 217 | <title>Config Files</title>
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[4839c17] | 218 |
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[7c56ece] | 219 | <para>
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| 220 | <filename>/etc/dhcpcd.conf</filename>
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| 221 | </para>
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[4839c17] | 222 |
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[820d164a] | 223 | <indexterm zone="dhcpcd dhcpcd-config">
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[fefa337] | 224 | <primary sortas="e-etc-dhcpcd-dhcpcd-conf">/etc/dhcpcd/dhcpcd.conf</primary>
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[820d164a] | 225 | </indexterm>
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[4839c17] | 226 |
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[820d164a] | 227 | </sect3>
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| 228 |
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[3c7bd00] | 229 | <sect3 id="dhcpcd-init" revision="sysv">
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[e5f38d6b] | 230 | <title>General Configuration Information</title>
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[820d164a] | 231 |
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[7c56ece] | 232 | <para>
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| 233 | To configure <command>dhcpcd</command>, you need to first install
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| 234 | the network service script,
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[e1d2da5] | 235 | <filename>/usr/lib/services/dhcpcd</filename>
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[7c56ece] | 236 | included in the <xref linkend="bootscripts"/> package
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| 237 | (as user <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>):
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| 238 | </para>
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[4839c17] | 239 |
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[820d164a] | 240 | <indexterm zone="dhcpcd dhcpcd-init">
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| 241 | <primary sortas="f-dhcpcd">dhcpcd (service script)</primary>
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| 242 | </indexterm>
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| 243 |
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| 244 | <screen role='root'><userinput>make install-service-dhcpcd</userinput></screen>
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| 245 |
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[7c56ece] | 246 | <note>
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| 247 | <para id="dhcpcd-config3">
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| 248 | The default for <command>dhcpcd</command> is to set the hostname
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| 249 | and mtu. It also overwrites <filename>/etc/resolv.conf </filename>
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| 250 | and <filename>/etc/ntp.conf</filename>. These
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| 251 | modifications to system files are done by hooks which are stored in
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[e1d2da5] | 252 | <filename class="directory">/usr/lib/dhcpcd/dhcpcd-hooks</filename>.
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[a62dc41] | 253 | You can change this behavior by removing or adding hooks from/to
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| 254 | that directory. The execution of hooks can be disabled by using
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[7c56ece] | 255 | the <option>--nohook</option> (<option>-C</option>) command line
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| 256 | option or by the <option>nohook</option> option in the
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| 257 | <filename>/etc/dhcpcd.conf</filename> file.
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| 258 | </para>
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| 259 | </note>
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[232e46a] | 260 |
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[7c56ece] | 261 | <para id="dhcpcd-config2">
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| 262 | Finally, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user
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| 263 | create the <filename>/etc/sysconfig/ifconfig.eth0</filename>
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| 264 | configuration file using the following commands. Adjust appropriately
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| 265 | for additional interfaces:
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| 266 | </para>
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[4839c17] | 267 |
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[820d164a] | 268 | <indexterm zone="dhcpcd dhcpcd-config2">
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[f0740ab] | 269 | <primary sortas="e-etc-sysconfig-dhcpcd">/etc/sysconfig/ifconfig.eth0 (dhcpcd)</primary>
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[820d164a] | 270 | </indexterm>
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| 271 |
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[f0740ab] | 272 | <screen role='root'><userinput>cat > /etc/sysconfig/ifconfig.eth0 << "EOF"
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[820d164a] | 273 | <literal>ONBOOT="yes"
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[f0740ab] | 274 | IFACE="eth0"
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[afa198d] | 275 | SERVICE="dhcpcd"
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[9f44beb] | 276 | DHCP_START="-b -q -h ''<replaceable><insert appropriate start options here></replaceable>"
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[f0740ab] | 277 | DHCP_STOP="-k <replaceable><insert additional stop options here></replaceable>"</literal>
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[820d164a] | 278 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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| 279 |
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[7c56ece] | 280 | <para>
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| 281 | For more information on the appropriate <envar>DHCP_START</envar> and
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| 282 | <envar>DHCP_STOP</envar> values, examine the man page for
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| 283 | <command>dhcpcd</command>.
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| 284 | </para>
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[4839c17] | 285 |
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[820d164a] | 286 | <indexterm zone="dhcpcd dhcpcd-config3">
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| 287 | <primary sortas="e-etc-resolv.conf">/etc/resolv.conf</primary>
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| 288 | </indexterm>
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| 289 | </sect3>
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[4839c17] | 290 |
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[3c7bd00] | 291 | <sect3 id="dhcpcd-init2" revision="sysv">
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[e5f38d6b] | 292 | <title>Configuration Information: fixed ip</title>
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| 293 |
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[7c56ece] | 294 | <para id="dhcpcd-config4">
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| 295 | Although not usual, it is possible that you need
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[e5f38d6b] | 296 | to configure <application>dhcpcd</application> to use a fixed ip. Here,
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| 297 | we give an example. As the
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| 298 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user create the
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| 299 | <filename>/etc/sysconfig/ifconfig.eth0</filename> configuration file
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| 300 | using the following commands. Adjust appropriately for additional
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[7c56ece] | 301 | interfaces and for the actual ip and router you need:
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| 302 | </para>
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[e5f38d6b] | 303 |
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| 304 | <indexterm zone="dhcpcd dhcpcd-config4">
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| 305 | <primary sortas="e-etc-sysconfig-dhcpcd">/etc/sysconfig/ifconfig.eth0 (dhcpcd)</primary>
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| 306 | </indexterm>
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| 307 |
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[7c56ece] | 308 | <screen role='nodump'><userinput>cat > /etc/sysconfig/ifconfig.eth0 << "EOF"
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[e5f38d6b] | 309 | <literal>ONBOOT="yes"
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| 310 | IFACE="eth0"
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| 311 | SERVICE="dhcpcd"
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| 312 | DHCP_START="-b -q -S ip_address=192.168.0.10/24 -S routers=192.168.0.1"
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| 313 | DHCP_STOP="-k"</literal>
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| 314 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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| 315 |
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[7c56ece] | 316 | <para>
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| 317 | You can either use DNS servers in
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[0840866] | 318 | <filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename> from another system, your
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| 319 | preferred servers, or just the example
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[7c56ece] | 320 | <filename>/etc/resolv.conf.head</filename> file below as is:
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| 321 | </para>
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[e5f38d6b] | 322 |
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[7c56ece] | 323 | <screen role='nodump'><userinput>cat > /etc/resolv.conf.head << "EOF"
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[e5f38d6b] | 324 | <literal># OpenDNS servers
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| 325 | nameserver 208.67.222.222
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| 326 | nameserver 208.67.220.220</literal>
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| 327 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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| 328 |
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| 329 | </sect3>
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| 330 |
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[138bdf6] | 331 | <sect3 id="dhcpcd-init3" revision="systemd">
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| 332 | <title>General Configuration Information</title>
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| 333 |
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| 334 | <para>
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| 335 | If you want to configure network interfaces at boot using
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| 336 | <command>dhcpcd</command>, you need to install the
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| 337 | systemd unit included in <xref linkend="systemd-units"/>
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| 338 | package by running the following command as the
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| 339 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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| 340 | </para>
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| 341 |
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| 342 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install-dhcpcd</userinput></screen>
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| 343 |
|
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| 344 | <indexterm zone="dhcpcd dhcpcd-init3">
|
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| 345 | <primary sortas="f-dhcpcd">dhcpcd</primary>
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| 346 | </indexterm>
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| 347 |
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| 348 | <note>
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[7c56ece] | 349 | <para id="dhcpcd-config5">
|
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| 350 | The default behavior of <command>dhcpcd</command> is to set the
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| 351 | hostname and the mtu. It also overwrites <filename>/etc/resolv.conf
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| 352 | </filename> and <filename>/etc/ntp.conf</filename>. These
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| 353 | modifications to system configuration files are done by hooks which
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| 354 | are stored in <filename class="directory">
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[a62dc41] | 355 | /usr/lib/dhcpcd/dhcpcd-hooks</filename>. You can change this behavior
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[7c56ece] | 356 | by removing or adding hooks from/to that directory. The execution
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| 357 | of hooks can be disabled by using the <option>--nohook</option>
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| 358 | (<option>-C</option>) command line option or by the
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| 359 | <option>nohook</option> option in the <filename>/etc/dhcpcd.conf
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| 360 | </filename> file.
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| 361 | </para>
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[138bdf6] | 362 | </note>
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| 363 |
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| 364 | <indexterm zone="dhcpcd dhcpcd-config5">
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| 365 | <primary sortas="e-etc-resolv.conf">/etc/resolv.conf</primary>
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| 366 | </indexterm>
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| 367 |
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[7c56ece] | 368 | <note>
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| 369 | <para>
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| 370 | Make sure that you disable the <command>systemd-networkd</command>
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| 371 | service or configure it not to manage the interfaces you want to
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| 372 | manage with <application>dhcpcd</application>.
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| 373 | </para>
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| 374 | </note>
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[138bdf6] | 375 |
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| 376 | <para>
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| 377 | At this point you can test if <command>dhcpcd</command> is
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| 378 | behaving as expected by running the following command as the
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| 379 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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| 380 | </para>
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| 381 |
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| 382 | <screen role="root"><userinput>systemctl start dhcpcd@<replaceable>eth0</replaceable></userinput></screen>
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| 383 |
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| 384 | <para>
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| 385 | To start <command>dhcpcd</command> on a specific interface
|
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| 386 | at boot, enable the previously installed systemd unit by
|
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| 387 | running the following command as the
|
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| 388 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
|
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| 389 | </para>
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| 390 |
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| 391 | <screen role="root"><userinput>systemctl enable dhcpcd@<replaceable>eth0</replaceable></userinput></screen>
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| 392 |
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| 393 | <para>
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| 394 | Replace <replaceable>eth0</replaceable> with the actual interface name.
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| 395 | </para>
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| 396 |
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| 397 | </sect3>
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| 398 |
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[820d164a] | 399 | </sect2>
|
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[4839c17] | 400 |
|
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[820d164a] | 401 | <sect2 role="content">
|
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| 402 | <title>Contents</title>
|
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| 403 |
|
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| 404 | <segmentedlist>
|
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| 405 | <segtitle>Installed Program</segtitle>
|
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[d81eda8] | 406 | <segtitle>Installed Library</segtitle>
|
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[b1d305ed] | 407 | <segtitle>Installed Directory</segtitle>
|
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[4839c17] | 408 |
|
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[820d164a] | 409 | <seglistitem>
|
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| 410 | <seg>dhcpcd</seg>
|
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[e1d2da5] | 411 | <seg>/usr/lib/dhcpcd/dev/udev.so</seg>
|
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| 412 | <seg>/{usr,var}/lib/dhcpcd and /usr/share/dhcpcd</seg>
|
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[820d164a] | 413 | </seglistitem>
|
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| 414 | </segmentedlist>
|
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[4839c17] | 415 |
|
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[820d164a] | 416 | <variablelist>
|
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| 417 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
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| 418 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
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| 419 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
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[4839c17] | 420 |
|
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[820d164a] | 421 | <varlistentry id="dhcpcd-prog">
|
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| 422 | <term><command>dhcpcd</command></term>
|
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| 423 | <listitem>
|
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[7c56ece] | 424 | <para>
|
---|
[4c24eb0a] | 425 | is an implementation of the DHCP client specified in RFC2131
|
---|
[7c56ece] | 426 | </para>
|
---|
[820d164a] | 427 | <indexterm zone="dhcpcd dhcpcd-prog">
|
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| 428 | <primary sortas="b-dhcpcd">dhcpcd</primary>
|
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| 429 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 430 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 431 | </varlistentry>
|
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[4839c17] | 432 |
|
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[81f1de4] | 433 | <varlistentry id="dhcpcd-udev">
|
---|
| 434 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">udev.so</filename></term>
|
---|
| 435 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 436 | <para>
|
---|
[c93c9bf4] | 437 | adds udev support for interface arrival and departure; this is
|
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[81f1de4] | 438 | because udev likes to rename the interface, which it can't do if
|
---|
[4c24eb0a] | 439 | dhcpcd grabs it first
|
---|
[81f1de4] | 440 | </para>
|
---|
| 441 | <indexterm zone="dhcpcd dhcpcd-udev">
|
---|
| 442 | <primary sortas="c-dhcpcd-udev">udev.so</primary>
|
---|
| 443 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 444 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 445 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 446 |
|
---|
[820d164a] | 447 | </variablelist>
|
---|
| 448 |
|
---|
| 449 | </sect2>
|
---|
[f45b1953] | 450 |
|
---|
| 451 | </sect1>
|
---|