[246c904] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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[6732c094] | 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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[246c904] | 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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[14d6b3e0] | 6 |
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[f0ef84e] | 7 | <!ENTITY dhcpcd-download-http "https://github.com/NetworkConfiguration/dhcpcd/releases/download/v&dhcpcd-version;/dhcpcd-&dhcpcd-version;.tar.xz">
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[4183f95] | 8 | <!ENTITY dhcpcd-download-ftp " ">
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[0376693] | 9 | <!ENTITY dhcpcd-md5sum "7dfc470037a59fc48e4de2d65ebdf52a">
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| 10 | <!ENTITY dhcpcd-size "264 KB">
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[4862708] | 11 | <!ENTITY dhcpcd-buildsize "3.0 MB (with tests)">
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[e0a7d67c] | 12 | <!ENTITY dhcpcd-time "less than 0.1 SBU (with tests)">
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[246c904] | 13 | ]>
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| 14 |
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[fd680fb] | 15 | <sect1 id="dhcpcd" xreflabel="dhcpcd-&dhcpcd-version;">
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[820d164a] | 16 | <?dbhtml filename="dhcpcd.html"?>
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[4839c17] | 17 |
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| 18 |
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[add19ff9] | 19 | <title>dhcpcd-&dhcpcd-version;</title>
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[4839c17] | 20 |
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[820d164a] | 21 | <indexterm zone="dhcpcd">
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[add19ff9] | 22 | <primary sortas="a-dhcpcd">dhcpcd</primary>
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[820d164a] | 23 | </indexterm>
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| 24 |
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| 25 | <sect2 role="package">
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[add19ff9] | 26 | <title>Introduction to dhcpcd</title>
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[820d164a] | 27 |
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[7c56ece] | 28 | <para>
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| 29 | <application>dhcpcd</application> is an implementation of the
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| 30 | DHCP client specified in RFC2131. A DHCP client is useful for connecting
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| 31 | your computer to a network which uses DHCP to assign network
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| 32 | addresses. dhcpcd strives to be a fully featured, yet very lightweight
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| 33 | DHCP client.
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| 34 | </para>
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[4839c17] | 35 |
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[ed345e7] | 36 | &lfs120_checked;
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[77ac0f23] | 37 |
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[820d164a] | 38 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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| 39 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 40 | <listitem>
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[7c56ece] | 41 | <para>
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| 42 | Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&dhcpcd-download-http;"/>
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| 43 | </para>
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[820d164a] | 44 | </listitem>
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| 45 | <listitem>
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[7c56ece] | 46 | <para>
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| 47 | Download (FTP): <ulink url="&dhcpcd-download-ftp;"/>
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| 48 | </para>
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[820d164a] | 49 | </listitem>
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| 50 | <listitem>
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[7c56ece] | 51 | <para>
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| 52 | Download MD5 sum: &dhcpcd-md5sum;
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| 53 | </para>
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[820d164a] | 54 | </listitem>
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| 55 | <listitem>
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[7c56ece] | 56 | <para>
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| 57 | Download size: &dhcpcd-size;
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| 58 | </para>
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[820d164a] | 59 | </listitem>
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| 60 | <listitem>
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[7c56ece] | 61 | <para>
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| 62 | Estimated disk space required: &dhcpcd-buildsize;
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| 63 | </para>
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[820d164a] | 64 | </listitem>
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| 65 | <listitem>
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[7c56ece] | 66 | <para>
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| 67 | Estimated build time: &dhcpcd-time;
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| 68 | </para>
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[820d164a] | 69 | </listitem>
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| 70 | </itemizedlist>
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[4839c17] | 71 |
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[b5639c6] | 72 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
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| 73 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 74 | <listitem>
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| 75 | <para>
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| 76 | Required patch:
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| 77 | <ulink url="&patch-root;/dhcpcd-&dhcpcd-version;-upstream_fixes-1.patch"/>
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| 78 | </para>
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| 79 | </listitem>
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| 80 | </itemizedlist>
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| 81 |
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[4edf8452] | 82 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">dhcpcd Dependencies</bridgehead>
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| 83 |
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| 84 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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| 85 | <para role="optional">
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[7c56ece] | 86 | <xref linkend="llvm"/> (with Clang),
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| 87 | <xref linkend="ntp"/>,
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| 88 | <ulink url="https://chrony.tuxfamily.org/">chronyd</ulink>, and
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| 89 | <ulink url="https://github.com/thkukuk/ypbind-mt/">ypbind</ulink>
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[4edf8452] | 90 | </para>
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| 91 |
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[820d164a] | 92 | </sect2>
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[4839c17] | 93 |
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[2115e38] | 94 | <sect2 id='dhcpcd-privsep'>
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| 95 | <title>Privilege separation</title>
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[820d164a] | 96 |
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[05c8448] | 97 | <para>
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[2115e38] | 98 | Recent releases of <application>dhcpcd</application> optionally support
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| 99 | privilege separation. As the practical security benefits of this are
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| 100 | unclear for a program like <application>dhcpcd</application> and the
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| 101 | setup is more complicated, the book currently defaults to disable it.
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| 102 | </para>
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| 103 | <para>
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| 104 | If you however would like to use privilege separation, additional
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| 105 | installation steps are necessary to set up the proper environment. Issue
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| 106 | the following commands as the
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| 107 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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[05c8448] | 108 | </para>
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| 109 |
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| 110 | <screen role="root"><userinput>install -v -m700 -d /var/lib/dhcpcd &&
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| 111 |
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| 112 | groupadd -g 52 dhcpcd &&
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| 113 | useradd -c 'dhcpcd PrivSep' \
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| 114 | -d /var/lib/dhcpcd \
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| 115 | -g dhcpcd \
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[cb37cb79] | 116 | -s /bin/false \
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[05c8448] | 117 | -u 52 dhcpcd &&
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| 118 | chown -v dhcpcd:dhcpcd /var/lib/dhcpcd </userinput></screen>
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| 119 |
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[2115e38] | 120 | </sect2>
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| 121 |
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| 122 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 123 | <title>Installation of dhcpcd</title>
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[d16c71a] | 124 |
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[b5639c6] | 125 | <para>
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| 126 | First, fix an issue that occurs when running dhcpcd with the '-b' switch:
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| 127 | </para>
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| 128 |
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| 129 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../dhcpcd-&dhcpcd-version;-upstream_fixes-1.patch</userinput></screen>
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| 130 |
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[7c56ece] | 131 | <para>
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[2115e38] | 132 | Build <application>dhcpcd</application> without privilege separation
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| 133 | by running the following command:
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| 134 | </para>
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| 135 |
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| 136 | <screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr \
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| 137 | --sysconfdir=/etc \
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| 138 | --libexecdir=/usr/lib/dhcpcd \
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| 139 | --dbdir=/var/lib/dhcpcd \
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| 140 | --runstatedir=/run \
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| 141 | --disable-privsep &&
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| 142 | make</userinput></screen>
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| 143 |
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| 144 | <para>
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[a62dc41] | 145 | Alternatively, build <application>dhcpcd</application> with privilege
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| 146 | separation by running the following commands:
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[7c56ece] | 147 | </para>
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[820d164a] | 148 |
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[40c00c5] | 149 | <screen role="nodump"><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr \
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[e1d2da5] | 150 | --sysconfdir=/etc \
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| 151 | --libexecdir=/usr/lib/dhcpcd \
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| 152 | --dbdir=/var/lib/dhcpcd \
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[f713df3] | 153 | --runstatedir=/run \
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[e1d2da5] | 154 | --privsepuser=dhcpcd &&
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[f0740ab] | 155 | make</userinput></screen>
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[f9a784a] | 156 |
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[7c56ece] | 157 | <para>
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| 158 | To test the results, issue: <command>make test</command>.
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| 159 | </para>
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[f9a784a] | 160 |
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[7c56ece] | 161 | <para>
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| 162 | Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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| 163 | </para>
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[f9a784a] | 164 |
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[bfa01156] | 165 | <screen role='root'><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
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[4839c17] | 166 |
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[690658a5] | 167 | <!--
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[7c56ece] | 168 | <para>
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| 169 | By default, a plain text lease info file isn't created but the
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| 170 | <application>dhcpcd</application> provides a hook which can be used for
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| 171 | creating such a file. Install the hook by running the following commands
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| 172 | as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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| 173 | </para>
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[232e46a] | 174 |
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[bfa01156] | 175 | <screen role='root'><userinput>sed -i "s;/var/lib;/run;g" dhcpcd-hooks/50-dhcpcd-compat &&
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[f9a784a] | 176 | install -v -m 644 dhcpcd-hooks/50-dhcpcd-compat /lib/dhcpcd/dhcpcd-hooks/</userinput></screen>
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[690658a5] | 177 | -->
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[4839c17] | 178 |
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[820d164a] | 179 | </sect2>
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[4839c17] | 180 |
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[690658a5] | 181 | <sect2 role="commands">
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| 182 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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| 183 |
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| 184 | <para>
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[a62dc41] | 185 | <parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/dhcpcd</parameter>: This switch sets a
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| 186 | better location for the dhcpcd internal libraries.
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[690658a5] | 187 | </para>
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| 188 |
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| 189 | <para>
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[a62dc41] | 190 | <parameter>--dbdir=/var/lib/dhcpcd</parameter>: This switch adjusts the
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| 191 | database directory because the default directory,
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| 192 | <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename>, is not FHS-compliant.
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[690658a5] | 193 | </para>
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| 194 |
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[f713df3] | 195 | <para>
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[a62dc41] | 196 | <parameter>--runstatedir=/run</parameter>: This switch sets the runtime
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| 197 | state directory because the default
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[f713df3] | 198 | <filename class="directory">/var/run</filename> is a symbolic
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[a62dc41] | 199 | link to <filename class="directory">/run</filename>, and using
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| 200 | <filename class="directory">/var/run</filename> is deprecated.
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[f713df3] | 201 | </para>
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| 202 |
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[690658a5] | 203 | <para>
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[a62dc41] | 204 | <parameter>--disable-privsep</parameter>: This switch disables privilege
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| 205 | separation, which is the default in dhcpcd. This switch is not used in
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| 206 | the build configuration where privilege separation is used.
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[2115e38] | 207 | </para>
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| 208 |
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| 209 | <para>
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[a62dc41] | 210 | <parameter>--privsepuser=dhcpcd</parameter>: This switch sets the
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| 211 | privilege separation user in the build configuration where privilege
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| 212 | escalation is used.
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[2115e38] | 213 | </para>
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| 214 |
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| 215 | <para>
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| 216 | <option>--with-hook=...</option>: You can optionally install more hooks,
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| 217 | for example to install some configuration files such as
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[a62dc41] | 218 | <filename>ntp.conf</filename>. A set of hooks can be found in the
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[2115e38] | 219 | <filename class="directory">dhcpcd-hooks</filename> directory in the
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| 220 | build tree.
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| 221 | </para>
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[690658a5] | 222 | </sect2>
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| 223 |
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[820d164a] | 224 | <sect2 role="configuration">
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[add19ff9] | 225 | <title>Configuring dhcpcd</title>
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[820d164a] | 226 |
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| 227 | <sect3 id="dhcpcd-config">
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| 228 | <title>Config Files</title>
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[4839c17] | 229 |
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[7c56ece] | 230 | <para>
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| 231 | <filename>/etc/dhcpcd.conf</filename>
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| 232 | </para>
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[4839c17] | 233 |
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[820d164a] | 234 | <indexterm zone="dhcpcd dhcpcd-config">
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[fefa337] | 235 | <primary sortas="e-etc-dhcpcd-dhcpcd-conf">/etc/dhcpcd/dhcpcd.conf</primary>
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[820d164a] | 236 | </indexterm>
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[4839c17] | 237 |
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[820d164a] | 238 | </sect3>
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| 239 |
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[3c7bd00] | 240 | <sect3 id="dhcpcd-init" revision="sysv">
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[e5f38d6b] | 241 | <title>General Configuration Information</title>
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[820d164a] | 242 |
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[7c56ece] | 243 | <para>
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| 244 | To configure <command>dhcpcd</command>, you need to first install
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| 245 | the network service script,
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[e1d2da5] | 246 | <filename>/usr/lib/services/dhcpcd</filename>
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[7c56ece] | 247 | included in the <xref linkend="bootscripts"/> package
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| 248 | (as user <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>):
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| 249 | </para>
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[4839c17] | 250 |
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[820d164a] | 251 | <indexterm zone="dhcpcd dhcpcd-init">
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| 252 | <primary sortas="f-dhcpcd">dhcpcd (service script)</primary>
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| 253 | </indexterm>
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| 254 |
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| 255 | <screen role='root'><userinput>make install-service-dhcpcd</userinput></screen>
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| 256 |
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[7c56ece] | 257 | <note>
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| 258 | <para id="dhcpcd-config3">
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| 259 | The default for <command>dhcpcd</command> is to set the hostname
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| 260 | and mtu. It also overwrites <filename>/etc/resolv.conf </filename>
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| 261 | and <filename>/etc/ntp.conf</filename>. These
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| 262 | modifications to system files are done by hooks which are stored in
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[e1d2da5] | 263 | <filename class="directory">/usr/lib/dhcpcd/dhcpcd-hooks</filename>.
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[a62dc41] | 264 | You can change this behavior by removing or adding hooks from/to
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| 265 | that directory. The execution of hooks can be disabled by using
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[7c56ece] | 266 | the <option>--nohook</option> (<option>-C</option>) command line
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| 267 | option or by the <option>nohook</option> option in the
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| 268 | <filename>/etc/dhcpcd.conf</filename> file.
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| 269 | </para>
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| 270 | </note>
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[232e46a] | 271 |
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[7c56ece] | 272 | <para id="dhcpcd-config2">
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| 273 | Finally, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user
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| 274 | create the <filename>/etc/sysconfig/ifconfig.eth0</filename>
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| 275 | configuration file using the following commands. Adjust appropriately
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| 276 | for additional interfaces:
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| 277 | </para>
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[4839c17] | 278 |
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[820d164a] | 279 | <indexterm zone="dhcpcd dhcpcd-config2">
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[f0740ab] | 280 | <primary sortas="e-etc-sysconfig-dhcpcd">/etc/sysconfig/ifconfig.eth0 (dhcpcd)</primary>
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[820d164a] | 281 | </indexterm>
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| 282 |
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[f0740ab] | 283 | <screen role='root'><userinput>cat > /etc/sysconfig/ifconfig.eth0 << "EOF"
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[820d164a] | 284 | <literal>ONBOOT="yes"
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[f0740ab] | 285 | IFACE="eth0"
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[afa198d] | 286 | SERVICE="dhcpcd"
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[1d77de18] | 287 | DHCP_START="-b -q -h $HOSTNAME <replaceable><insert appropriate start options here></replaceable>"
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[f0740ab] | 288 | DHCP_STOP="-k <replaceable><insert additional stop options here></replaceable>"</literal>
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[820d164a] | 289 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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| 290 |
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[7c56ece] | 291 | <para>
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| 292 | For more information on the appropriate <envar>DHCP_START</envar> and
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| 293 | <envar>DHCP_STOP</envar> values, examine the man page for
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| 294 | <command>dhcpcd</command>.
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| 295 | </para>
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[4839c17] | 296 |
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[820d164a] | 297 | <indexterm zone="dhcpcd dhcpcd-config3">
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| 298 | <primary sortas="e-etc-resolv.conf">/etc/resolv.conf</primary>
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| 299 | </indexterm>
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| 300 | </sect3>
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[4839c17] | 301 |
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[3c7bd00] | 302 | <sect3 id="dhcpcd-init2" revision="sysv">
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[e5f38d6b] | 303 | <title>Configuration Information: fixed ip</title>
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| 304 |
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[7c56ece] | 305 | <para id="dhcpcd-config4">
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| 306 | Although not usual, it is possible that you need
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[e5f38d6b] | 307 | to configure <application>dhcpcd</application> to use a fixed ip. Here,
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| 308 | we give an example. As the
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| 309 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user create the
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| 310 | <filename>/etc/sysconfig/ifconfig.eth0</filename> configuration file
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| 311 | using the following commands. Adjust appropriately for additional
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[7c56ece] | 312 | interfaces and for the actual ip and router you need:
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| 313 | </para>
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[e5f38d6b] | 314 |
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| 315 | <indexterm zone="dhcpcd dhcpcd-config4">
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| 316 | <primary sortas="e-etc-sysconfig-dhcpcd">/etc/sysconfig/ifconfig.eth0 (dhcpcd)</primary>
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| 317 | </indexterm>
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| 318 |
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[7c56ece] | 319 | <screen role='nodump'><userinput>cat > /etc/sysconfig/ifconfig.eth0 << "EOF"
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[e5f38d6b] | 320 | <literal>ONBOOT="yes"
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| 321 | IFACE="eth0"
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| 322 | SERVICE="dhcpcd"
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| 323 | DHCP_START="-b -q -S ip_address=192.168.0.10/24 -S routers=192.168.0.1"
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| 324 | DHCP_STOP="-k"</literal>
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| 325 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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| 326 |
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[7c56ece] | 327 | <para>
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| 328 | You can either use DNS servers in
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[0840866] | 329 | <filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename> from another system, your
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| 330 | preferred servers, or just the example
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[7c56ece] | 331 | <filename>/etc/resolv.conf.head</filename> file below as is:
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| 332 | </para>
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[e5f38d6b] | 333 |
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[7c56ece] | 334 | <screen role='nodump'><userinput>cat > /etc/resolv.conf.head << "EOF"
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[e5f38d6b] | 335 | <literal># OpenDNS servers
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| 336 | nameserver 208.67.222.222
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| 337 | nameserver 208.67.220.220</literal>
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| 338 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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| 339 |
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| 340 | </sect3>
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| 341 |
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[138bdf6] | 342 | <sect3 id="dhcpcd-init3" revision="systemd">
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| 343 | <title>General Configuration Information</title>
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| 344 |
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| 345 | <para>
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| 346 | If you want to configure network interfaces at boot using
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| 347 | <command>dhcpcd</command>, you need to install the
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| 348 | systemd unit included in <xref linkend="systemd-units"/>
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| 349 | package by running the following command as the
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| 350 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
|
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| 351 | </para>
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| 352 |
|
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| 353 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install-dhcpcd</userinput></screen>
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| 354 |
|
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| 355 | <indexterm zone="dhcpcd dhcpcd-init3">
|
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| 356 | <primary sortas="f-dhcpcd">dhcpcd</primary>
|
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| 357 | </indexterm>
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| 358 |
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| 359 | <note>
|
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[7c56ece] | 360 | <para id="dhcpcd-config5">
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| 361 | The default behavior of <command>dhcpcd</command> is to set the
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| 362 | hostname and the mtu. It also overwrites <filename>/etc/resolv.conf
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| 363 | </filename> and <filename>/etc/ntp.conf</filename>. These
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| 364 | modifications to system configuration files are done by hooks which
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| 365 | are stored in <filename class="directory">
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[a62dc41] | 366 | /usr/lib/dhcpcd/dhcpcd-hooks</filename>. You can change this behavior
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[7c56ece] | 367 | by removing or adding hooks from/to that directory. The execution
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| 368 | of hooks can be disabled by using the <option>--nohook</option>
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| 369 | (<option>-C</option>) command line option or by the
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| 370 | <option>nohook</option> option in the <filename>/etc/dhcpcd.conf
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| 371 | </filename> file.
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| 372 | </para>
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[138bdf6] | 373 | </note>
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| 374 |
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| 375 | <indexterm zone="dhcpcd dhcpcd-config5">
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| 376 | <primary sortas="e-etc-resolv.conf">/etc/resolv.conf</primary>
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| 377 | </indexterm>
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| 378 |
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[7c56ece] | 379 | <note>
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| 380 | <para>
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| 381 | Make sure that you disable the <command>systemd-networkd</command>
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| 382 | service or configure it not to manage the interfaces you want to
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| 383 | manage with <application>dhcpcd</application>.
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| 384 | </para>
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| 385 | </note>
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[138bdf6] | 386 |
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| 387 | <para>
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| 388 | At this point you can test if <command>dhcpcd</command> is
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| 389 | behaving as expected by running the following command as the
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| 390 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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| 391 | </para>
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| 392 |
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| 393 | <screen role="root"><userinput>systemctl start dhcpcd@<replaceable>eth0</replaceable></userinput></screen>
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| 394 |
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| 395 | <para>
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| 396 | To start <command>dhcpcd</command> on a specific interface
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| 397 | at boot, enable the previously installed systemd unit by
|
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| 398 | running the following command as the
|
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| 399 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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| 400 | </para>
|
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| 401 |
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| 402 | <screen role="root"><userinput>systemctl enable dhcpcd@<replaceable>eth0</replaceable></userinput></screen>
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| 403 |
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| 404 | <para>
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| 405 | Replace <replaceable>eth0</replaceable> with the actual interface name.
|
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| 406 | </para>
|
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| 407 |
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| 408 | </sect3>
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| 409 |
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[820d164a] | 410 | </sect2>
|
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[4839c17] | 411 |
|
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[820d164a] | 412 | <sect2 role="content">
|
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| 413 | <title>Contents</title>
|
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| 414 |
|
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| 415 | <segmentedlist>
|
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| 416 | <segtitle>Installed Program</segtitle>
|
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[d81eda8] | 417 | <segtitle>Installed Library</segtitle>
|
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[b1d305ed] | 418 | <segtitle>Installed Directory</segtitle>
|
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[4839c17] | 419 |
|
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[820d164a] | 420 | <seglistitem>
|
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| 421 | <seg>dhcpcd</seg>
|
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[e1d2da5] | 422 | <seg>/usr/lib/dhcpcd/dev/udev.so</seg>
|
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| 423 | <seg>/{usr,var}/lib/dhcpcd and /usr/share/dhcpcd</seg>
|
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[820d164a] | 424 | </seglistitem>
|
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| 425 | </segmentedlist>
|
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[4839c17] | 426 |
|
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[820d164a] | 427 | <variablelist>
|
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| 428 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
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| 429 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
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| 430 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
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[4839c17] | 431 |
|
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[820d164a] | 432 | <varlistentry id="dhcpcd-prog">
|
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| 433 | <term><command>dhcpcd</command></term>
|
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| 434 | <listitem>
|
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[7c56ece] | 435 | <para>
|
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[4c24eb0a] | 436 | is an implementation of the DHCP client specified in RFC2131
|
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[7c56ece] | 437 | </para>
|
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[820d164a] | 438 | <indexterm zone="dhcpcd dhcpcd-prog">
|
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| 439 | <primary sortas="b-dhcpcd">dhcpcd</primary>
|
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| 440 | </indexterm>
|
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| 441 | </listitem>
|
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| 442 | </varlistentry>
|
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[4839c17] | 443 |
|
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[81f1de4] | 444 | <varlistentry id="dhcpcd-udev">
|
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| 445 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">udev.so</filename></term>
|
---|
| 446 | <listitem>
|
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| 447 | <para>
|
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[c93c9bf4] | 448 | adds udev support for interface arrival and departure; this is
|
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[81f1de4] | 449 | because udev likes to rename the interface, which it can't do if
|
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[4c24eb0a] | 450 | dhcpcd grabs it first
|
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[81f1de4] | 451 | </para>
|
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| 452 | <indexterm zone="dhcpcd dhcpcd-udev">
|
---|
| 453 | <primary sortas="c-dhcpcd-udev">udev.so</primary>
|
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| 454 | </indexterm>
|
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| 455 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 456 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 457 |
|
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[820d164a] | 458 | </variablelist>
|
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| 459 |
|
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| 460 | </sect2>
|
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[f45b1953] | 461 |
|
---|
| 462 | </sect1>
|
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