1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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5 | %general-entities;
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6 |
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7 | <!ENTITY wireshark-download-http "https://www.wireshark.org/download/src/all-versions/wireshark-&wireshark-version;.tar.xz">
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8 | <!ENTITY wireshark-download-ftp " ">
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9 | <!ENTITY wireshark-md5sum "f6c14c48f2c5fe8d7bd52236a0a4001f">
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10 | <!ENTITY wireshark-size "45 MB">
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11 | <!ENTITY wireshark-buildsize "924 MB (171 MB installed)">
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12 | <!ENTITY wireshark-time "3.3 SBU (with parallelism=4)">
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13 | ]>
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14 |
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15 | <!-- Gentle reminder: many Wireshark releases contain vulnerability fixes,
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16 | we have not always been aware of these. At https://www.wireshark.org/security/
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17 | there is a list of advisories and the version in which they were fixed.
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18 |
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19 | If you click on an advisory, after the bug number in the References:
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20 | there may be a CVE number, although perhaps those get added some time after
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21 | the release. Perhaps as a general rule treat ALL their advisories for crashes
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22 | etc as worthy of a security fix. -->
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23 |
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24 | <sect1 id="wireshark" xreflabel="Wireshark-&wireshark-version;">
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25 | <?dbhtml filename="wireshark.html"?>
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26 |
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27 |
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28 | <title>Wireshark-&wireshark-version;</title>
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29 |
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30 | <indexterm zone="wireshark">
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31 | <primary sortas="a-Wireshark">Wireshark</primary>
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32 | </indexterm>
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33 |
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34 | <sect2 role="package">
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35 | <title>Introduction to Wireshark</title>
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36 |
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37 | <para>
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38 | The <application>Wireshark</application> package contains a network
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39 | protocol analyzer, also known as a <quote>sniffer.</quote> This is useful
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40 | for analyzing data captured <quote>off the wire</quote> from a live
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41 | network connection, or data read from a capture file.
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42 | </para>
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43 |
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44 | <para>
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45 | <application>Wireshark</application> provides both a graphical and a
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46 | TTY-mode front-end for examining captured network packets from over 500
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47 | protocols, as well as the capability to read capture files from many
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48 | other popular network analyzers.
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49 | </para>
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50 |
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51 | &lfs122_checked;
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52 |
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53 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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54 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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55 | <listitem>
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56 | <para>
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57 | Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&wireshark-download-http;"/>
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58 | </para>
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59 | </listitem>
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60 | <listitem>
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61 | <para>
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62 | Download (FTP): <ulink url="&wireshark-download-ftp;"/>
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63 | </para>
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64 | </listitem>
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65 | <listitem>
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66 | <para>
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67 | Download MD5 sum: &wireshark-md5sum;
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68 | </para>
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69 | </listitem>
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70 | <listitem>
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71 | <para>
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72 | Download size: &wireshark-size;
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73 | </para>
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74 | </listitem>
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75 | <listitem>
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76 | <para>
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77 | Estimated disk space required: &wireshark-buildsize;
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78 | </para>
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79 | </listitem>
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80 | <listitem>
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81 | <para>
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82 | Estimated build time: &wireshark-time;
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83 | </para>
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84 | </listitem>
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85 | </itemizedlist>
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86 |
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87 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
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88 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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89 | <!--
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90 | <listitem>
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91 | <para>
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92 | Required patch to build with Python-3.12:
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93 | <ulink url="&patch-root;/wireshark-&wireshark-version;-py_3.12_fix-1.patch"/>
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94 | </para>
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95 | </listitem>
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96 | -->
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97 | <listitem>
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98 | <para>
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99 | Additional Documentation:
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100 | <ulink url="https://www.wireshark.org/download/docs/"/>
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101 | (contains links to several different docs in a variety of formats)
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102 | </para>
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103 | </listitem>
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104 | </itemizedlist>
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105 |
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106 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Wireshark dependencies</bridgehead>
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107 |
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108 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
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109 | <para role="required">
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110 | <xref linkend="cmake"/>,
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111 | <xref linkend="c-ares"/>,
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112 | <xref linkend="glib2"/>,
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113 | <xref linkend="libgcrypt"/>,
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114 | <xref linkend="qt6"/>, and
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115 | <xref linkend="speex"/>
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116 | </para>
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117 | <!--
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118 | <note>
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119 | <para>
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120 | <xref linkend="qt6"/> is not strictly required, since it can be
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121 | replaced with <application>Qt5</application>. See <quote>Command
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122 | explanations</quote> below.
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123 | </para>
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124 | </note>
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125 | -->
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126 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Recommended</bridgehead>
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127 | <para role="recommended">
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128 | <xref linkend="libpcap"/> (required to capture data)
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129 | </para>
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130 |
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131 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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132 | <para role="optional">
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133 | <xref linkend="asciidoctor"/>,
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134 | <xref linkend="brotli"/>,
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135 | <xref linkend="cups"/>,
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136 | <xref linkend="doxygen"/>,
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137 | <xref linkend="git"/>,
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138 | <xref linkend="gnutls"/>,
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139 | <xref linkend="libnl"/>,
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140 | <xref linkend="libxslt"/>,
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141 | <xref linkend="libxml2"/>,
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142 | <xref linkend="lua"/>,
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143 | <xref linkend="mitkrb"/>,
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144 | <xref linkend="nghttp2"/>,
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145 | <xref linkend="sbc"/>,
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146 | <xref linkend="vulkan-headers"/>,
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147 | <ulink url="https://www.linphone.org/technical-corner/bcg729">BCG729</ulink>,
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148 | <ulink url="https://github.com/TimothyGu/libilbc">libilbc</ulink>,
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149 | <ulink url="https://www.ibr.cs.tu-bs.de/projects/libsmi/">libsmi</ulink>,
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150 | <ulink url="https://www.libssh.org/">libssh</ulink>,
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151 | <ulink url="https://github.com/maxmind/libmaxminddb">MaxMindDB</ulink>,
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152 | <ulink url="https://www.winimage.com/zLibDll/minizip.html">Minizip</ulink>,
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153 | <ulink url="https://github.com/ngtcp2/nghttp3">nghttp3</ulink>,
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154 | <ulink url="https://google.github.io/snappy/">Snappy</ulink>, and
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155 | <ulink url="https://github.com/freeswitch/spandsp">Spandsp</ulink>
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156 | </para>
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157 |
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158 | </sect2>
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159 |
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160 | <sect2 role="kernel" id="wireshark-kernel">
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161 | <title>Kernel Configuration</title>
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162 |
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163 | <para>
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164 | The kernel must have the Packet protocol enabled for <application>
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165 | Wireshark</application> to capture live packets from the network:
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166 | </para>
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167 |
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168 | <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
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169 | href="wireshark-kernel.xml"/>
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170 |
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171 | <para>
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172 | If built as a module, the name is <filename>af_packet.ko</filename>.
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173 | </para>
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174 |
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175 | <indexterm zone="wireshark wireshark-kernel">
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176 | <primary sortas="d-Capturing-network-packets">
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177 | Capturing network packets
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178 | </primary>
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179 | </indexterm>
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180 |
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181 | </sect2>
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182 |
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183 | <sect2 role="installation">
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184 | <title>Installation of Wireshark</title>
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185 |
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186 | <para>
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187 | <application>Wireshark</application> is a very large and complex
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188 | application. These instructions provide additional security measures to
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189 | ensure that only trusted users are allowed to view network traffic. First,
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190 | set up a system group for wireshark. As the <systemitem
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191 | class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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192 | </para>
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193 |
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194 | <screen role="root"><userinput>groupadd -g 62 wireshark</userinput></screen>
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195 |
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196 | <para>
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197 | Continue to install <application>Wireshark</application> by running
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198 | the following commands:
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199 | </para>
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200 |
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201 | <screen><userinput>mkdir build &&
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202 | cd build &&
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203 |
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204 | cmake -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr \
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205 | -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \
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206 | -D CMAKE_INSTALL_DOCDIR=/usr/share/doc/wireshark-&wireshark-version; \
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207 | -G Ninja \
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208 | .. &&
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209 | ninja</userinput></screen>
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210 |
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211 | <para>
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212 | This package does not come with a test suite.
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213 | </para>
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214 |
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215 | <para>
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216 | Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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217 | </para>
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218 |
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219 | <screen role="root"><userinput>ninja install &&
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220 |
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221 | install -v -m755 -d /usr/share/doc/wireshark-&wireshark-version; &&
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222 | install -v -m644 ../README.linux ../doc/README.* ../doc/randpkt.txt \
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223 | /usr/share/doc/wireshark-&wireshark-version; &&
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224 |
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225 | pushd /usr/share/doc/wireshark-&wireshark-version; &&
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226 | for FILENAME in ../../wireshark/*.html; do
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227 | ln -s -v -f $FILENAME .
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228 | done &&
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229 | popd
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230 | unset FILENAME</userinput></screen>
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231 |
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232 | <para>
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233 | If you downloaded any of the documentation files from the page
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234 | listed in the 'Additional Downloads', install them by issuing the
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235 | following commands as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
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236 | user:
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237 | </para>
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238 |
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239 | <screen role="root"
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240 | remap="doc"><userinput>install -v -m644 <replaceable><Downloaded_Files></replaceable> \
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241 | /usr/share/doc/wireshark-&wireshark-version;</userinput></screen>
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242 |
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243 | <para>
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244 | Now, set ownership and permissions of sensitive applications to only
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245 | allow authorized users. As the <systemitem class="username">root
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246 | </systemitem> user:
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247 | </para>
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248 |
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249 | <screen role="root"><userinput>chown -v root:wireshark /usr/bin/tshark &&
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250 | chmod -v 6550 /usr/bin/tshark</userinput></screen>
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251 |
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252 | <para>
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253 | Finally, add any users to the wireshark group (as <systemitem class=
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254 | "username">root</systemitem> user):
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255 | </para>
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256 |
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257 | <screen role="root"><userinput>usermod -a -G wireshark <replaceable><username></replaceable></userinput></screen>
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258 |
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259 | <para>
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260 | If you are installing wireshark for the first time, it will be necessary
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261 | to logout of your session and login again. This will put wireshark in your
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262 | groups, because otherwise Wireshark will not function properly.
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263 | </para>
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264 |
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265 | </sect2>
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266 |
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267 | <sect2 role="configuration">
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268 | <title>Configuring Wireshark</title>
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269 |
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270 | <sect3 id="wireshark-config">
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271 | <title>Config Files</title>
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272 |
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273 | <para>
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274 | <filename>/etc/wireshark.conf</filename> and
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275 | <filename>~/.config/wireshark/*</filename> (unless there is already
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276 | <filename>~/.wireshark/*</filename> in the system)
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277 | </para>
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278 |
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279 | <indexterm zone="wireshark wireshark-config">
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280 | <primary sortas="e-AA.wireshark-star">~/.wireshark/*</primary>
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281 | </indexterm>
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282 |
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283 | <indexterm zone="wireshark wireshark-config">
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284 | <primary sortas="e-etc-wireshark.conf">/etc/wireshark.conf</primary>
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285 | </indexterm>
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286 |
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287 | </sect3>
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288 |
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289 | <sect3>
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290 | <title>Configuration Information</title>
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291 |
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292 | <para>
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293 | Though the default configuration parameters are very sane, reference
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294 | the configuration section of the <ulink url=
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295 | "https://www.wireshark.org/docs/wsug_html/">Wireshark User's Guide
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296 | </ulink> for configuration information. Most of <application>Wireshark
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297 | </application>'s configuration can be accomplished
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298 | using the menu options of the <command>wireshark</command> graphical
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299 | interfaces.
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300 | </para>
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301 |
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302 | <note>
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303 | <para>
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304 | If you want to look at packets, make sure you don't filter them
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305 | out with <xref linkend="iptables"/>. If you want to exclude certain
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306 | classes of packets, it is more efficient to do it with
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307 | <application>iptables</application> than it is with
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308 | <application>Wireshark</application>.
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309 | </para>
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310 | </note>
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311 |
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312 | </sect3>
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313 |
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314 | </sect2>
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315 |
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316 | <sect2 role="content">
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317 | <title>Contents</title>
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318 |
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319 | <segmentedlist>
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320 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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321 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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322 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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323 |
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324 | <seglistitem>
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325 | <seg>
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326 | capinfos, captype, editcap, idl2wrs,
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327 | mergecap, randpkt, rawshark, reordercap, sharkd,
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328 | text2pcap, tshark, and wireshark
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329 | </seg>
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330 | <seg>
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331 | libwireshark.so, libwiretap.so,
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332 | libwsutil.so, and numerous modules under /usr/lib/wireshark/plugins
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333 | </seg>
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334 | <seg>
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335 | /usr/{lib,share}/wireshark and
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336 | /usr/share/doc/wireshark-&wireshark-version;
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337 | </seg>
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338 | </seglistitem>
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339 | </segmentedlist>
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340 |
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341 | <variablelist>
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342 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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343 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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344 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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345 |
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346 | <varlistentry id="capinfos">
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347 | <term><command>capinfos</command></term>
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348 | <listitem>
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349 | <para>
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350 | reads a saved capture file and returns any or all of several
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351 | statistics about that file. It is able to detect and read any
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352 | capture supported by the <application>Wireshark</application>
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353 | package
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354 | </para>
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355 | <indexterm zone="wireshark capinfos">
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356 | <primary sortas="b-capinfos">capinfos</primary>
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357 | </indexterm>
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358 | </listitem>
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359 | </varlistentry>
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360 |
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361 | <varlistentry id="captype">
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362 | <term><command>captype</command></term>
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363 | <listitem>
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364 | <para>
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365 | prints the file types of capture files
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366 | </para>
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367 | <indexterm zone="wireshark captype">
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368 | <primary sortas="b-captype">captype</primary>
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369 | </indexterm>
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370 | </listitem>
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371 | </varlistentry>
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372 | <!-- No longer built/installed
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373 | <varlistentry id="dumpcap">
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374 | <term><command>dumpcap</command></term>
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375 | <listitem>
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376 | <para>
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377 | is a network traffic dump tool. It lets you capture packet data
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378 | from a live network and write the packets to a file
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379 | </para>
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380 | <indexterm zone="wireshark dumpcap">
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381 | <primary sortas="b-dumpcap">dumpcap</primary>
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382 | </indexterm>
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383 | </listitem>
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384 | </varlistentry>
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385 | -->
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386 | <varlistentry id="editcap">
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387 | <term><command>editcap</command></term>
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388 | <listitem>
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389 | <para>
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390 | edits and/or translates the format of capture files. It knows
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391 | how to read <application>libpcap</application> capture files,
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392 | including those of <command>tcpdump</command>,
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393 | <application>Wireshark</application> and other tools that write
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394 | captures in that format
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395 | </para>
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396 | <indexterm zone="wireshark editcap">
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397 | <primary sortas="b-editcap">editcap</primary>
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398 | </indexterm>
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399 | </listitem>
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400 | </varlistentry>
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401 |
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402 | <varlistentry id="idl2wrs">
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403 | <term><command>idl2wrs</command></term>
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404 | <listitem>
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405 | <para>
|
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406 | is a program that takes a user specified CORBA IDL file and
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407 | generates <quote>C</quote> source code for a
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408 | <application>Wireshark</application> <quote>plugin.</quote> It
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409 | relies on two Python programs <command>wireshark_be.py</command>
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410 | and <command>wireshark_gen.py</command>, which are not installed
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411 | by default. They have to be copied manually from the
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412 | <filename class="directory">tools</filename> directory to the
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413 | <filename class="directory">$PYTHONPATH/site-packages/</filename>
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414 | directory
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415 | </para>
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416 | <indexterm zone="wireshark idl2wrs">
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417 | <primary sortas="b-idl2wrs">idl2wrs</primary>
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418 | </indexterm>
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419 | </listitem>
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420 | </varlistentry>
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421 |
|
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422 | <varlistentry id="mergecap">
|
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423 | <term><command>mergecap</command></term>
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424 | <listitem>
|
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425 | <para>
|
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426 | combines multiple saved capture files into a single output file
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427 | </para>
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428 | <indexterm zone="wireshark mergecap">
|
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429 | <primary sortas="b-mergecap">mergecap</primary>
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430 | </indexterm>
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431 | </listitem>
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432 | </varlistentry>
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433 |
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434 | <varlistentry id="randpkt">
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435 | <term><command>randpkt</command></term>
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436 | <listitem>
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437 | <para>
|
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438 | creates random-packet capture files
|
---|
439 | </para>
|
---|
440 | <indexterm zone="wireshark randpkt">
|
---|
441 | <primary sortas="b-randpkt">randpkt</primary>
|
---|
442 | </indexterm>
|
---|
443 | </listitem>
|
---|
444 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
445 |
|
---|
446 | <varlistentry id="rawshark">
|
---|
447 | <term><command>rawshark</command></term>
|
---|
448 | <listitem>
|
---|
449 | <para>
|
---|
450 | dumps and analyzes raw libpcap data
|
---|
451 | </para>
|
---|
452 | <indexterm zone="wireshark rawshark">
|
---|
453 | <primary sortas="b-rawshark">rawshark</primary>
|
---|
454 | </indexterm>
|
---|
455 | </listitem>
|
---|
456 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
457 |
|
---|
458 | <varlistentry id="reordercap">
|
---|
459 | <term><command>reordercap</command></term>
|
---|
460 | <listitem>
|
---|
461 | <para>
|
---|
462 | reorders timestamps of input file frames into an output file
|
---|
463 | </para>
|
---|
464 | <indexterm zone="wireshark reordercap">
|
---|
465 | <primary sortas="b-reordercap">reordercap</primary>
|
---|
466 | </indexterm>
|
---|
467 | </listitem>
|
---|
468 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
469 |
|
---|
470 | <varlistentry id="sharkd">
|
---|
471 | <term><command>sharkd</command></term>
|
---|
472 | <listitem>
|
---|
473 | <para>
|
---|
474 | is a daemon that listens on UNIX sockets
|
---|
475 | </para>
|
---|
476 | <indexterm zone="wireshark sharkd">
|
---|
477 | <primary sortas="b-sharkd">sharkd</primary>
|
---|
478 | </indexterm>
|
---|
479 | </listitem>
|
---|
480 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
481 |
|
---|
482 | <varlistentry id="text2pcap">
|
---|
483 | <term><command>text2pcap</command></term>
|
---|
484 | <listitem>
|
---|
485 | <para>
|
---|
486 | reads in an ASCII hex dump and writes the data described into a
|
---|
487 | <application>libpcap</application>-style capture file
|
---|
488 | </para>
|
---|
489 | <indexterm zone="wireshark text2pcap">
|
---|
490 | <primary sortas="b-text2pcap">text2pcap</primary>
|
---|
491 | </indexterm>
|
---|
492 | </listitem>
|
---|
493 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
494 |
|
---|
495 | <varlistentry id="tshark">
|
---|
496 | <term><command>tshark</command></term>
|
---|
497 | <listitem>
|
---|
498 | <para>
|
---|
499 | is a TTY-mode network protocol analyzer. It lets you capture
|
---|
500 | packet data from a live network or read packets from a
|
---|
501 | previously saved capture file
|
---|
502 | </para>
|
---|
503 | <indexterm zone="wireshark tshark">
|
---|
504 | <primary sortas="b-tshark">tshark</primary>
|
---|
505 | </indexterm>
|
---|
506 | </listitem>
|
---|
507 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
508 |
|
---|
509 | <varlistentry id="wireshark-prog">
|
---|
510 | <term><command>wireshark</command></term>
|
---|
511 | <listitem>
|
---|
512 | <para>
|
---|
513 | is the Qt GUI network protocol analyzer. It lets you interactively
|
---|
514 | browse packet data from a live network or from a previously saved
|
---|
515 | capture file
|
---|
516 | </para>
|
---|
517 | <indexterm zone="wireshark wireshark-prog">
|
---|
518 | <primary sortas="b-wireshark">wireshark</primary>
|
---|
519 | </indexterm>
|
---|
520 | </listitem>
|
---|
521 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
522 | <!-- seems to have disappeared
|
---|
523 | <varlistentry id="wireshark-gtk-prog">
|
---|
524 | <term><command>wireshark-gtk</command></term>
|
---|
525 | <listitem>
|
---|
526 | <para>
|
---|
527 | is the Gtk+ GUI network protocol analyzer. It lets you interactively
|
---|
528 | browse packet data from a live network or from a previously saved
|
---|
529 | capture file (optional).
|
---|
530 | </para>
|
---|
531 | <indexterm zone="wireshark wireshark-gtk-prog">
|
---|
532 | <primary sortas="b-wireshark-gtk">wireshark-gtk</primary>
|
---|
533 | </indexterm>
|
---|
534 | </listitem>
|
---|
535 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
536 | -->
|
---|
537 | <varlistentry id="libwireshark">
|
---|
538 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libwireshark.so</filename></term>
|
---|
539 | <listitem>
|
---|
540 | <para>
|
---|
541 | contains functions used by the <application>Wireshark</application>
|
---|
542 | programs to perform filtering and packet capturing
|
---|
543 | </para>
|
---|
544 | <indexterm zone="wireshark libwireshark">
|
---|
545 | <primary sortas="c-libwireshark">libwireshark.so</primary>
|
---|
546 | </indexterm>
|
---|
547 | </listitem>
|
---|
548 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
549 |
|
---|
550 | <varlistentry id="libwiretap">
|
---|
551 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libwiretap.so</filename></term>
|
---|
552 | <listitem>
|
---|
553 | <para>
|
---|
554 | is a library being developed as a future replacement for
|
---|
555 | <filename class="libraryfile">libpcap</filename>, the current
|
---|
556 | standard Unix library for packet capturing. For more information,
|
---|
557 | see the <filename>README</filename> file in the source
|
---|
558 | <filename class="directory">wiretap</filename> directory
|
---|
559 | </para>
|
---|
560 | <indexterm zone="wireshark libwiretap">
|
---|
561 | <primary sortas="c-libwiretap">libwiretap.so</primary>
|
---|
562 | </indexterm>
|
---|
563 | </listitem>
|
---|
564 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
565 |
|
---|
566 | </variablelist>
|
---|
567 |
|
---|
568 | </sect2>
|
---|
569 |
|
---|
570 | </sect1>
|
---|