[f8d632a] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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[6732c094] | 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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[f8d632a] | 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 | ]>
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| 7 |
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[78b3cd61] | 8 | <sect1 id="postlfs-config-profile" xreflabel="The Bash Shell Startup Files">
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[2753b70b] | 9 | <?dbhtml filename="profile.html"?>
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| 10 |
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| 11 | <sect1info>
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| 12 | <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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| 13 | <date>$Date$</date>
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| 14 | </sect1info>
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| 15 |
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| 16 | <title>The Bash Shell Startup Files</title>
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| 17 |
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| 18 | <para>The shell program <filename>/bin/bash</filename> (hereafter
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| 19 | referred to as just "the shell") uses a collection of startup files to
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| 20 | help create an environment. Each file has a specific use and
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| 21 | may affect login and interactive environments differently. The files in
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[384039a] | 22 | the <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> directory generally provide
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[2753b70b] | 23 | global settings. If an equivalent file exists in your home directory it may
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| 24 | override the global settings.</para>
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| 25 |
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| 26 | <para>An interactive login shell is started after a successful login, using
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[6f36554] | 27 | <filename>/bin/login</filename>, by reading the
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| 28 | <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file. This shell invocation normally reads
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| 29 | <filename>/etc/profile</filename> and its private equivalent
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| 30 | <filename>~/.bash_profile</filename> (or <filename>~/.profile</filename> if
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| 31 | called as <command>/bin/sh</command>) upon startup.</para>
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[2753b70b] | 32 |
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| 33 | <para>An interactive non-login shell is normally started at the command-line
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[ba0deaad] | 34 | using a shell program (e.g.,
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| 35 | <prompt>[prompt]$</prompt><command>/bin/bash</command>) or by the
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[2753b70b] | 36 | <command>/bin/su</command> command. An interactive non-login shell is also
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| 37 | started with a terminal program such as <command>xterm</command> or
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| 38 | <command>konsole</command> from within a graphical environment. This type of
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| 39 | shell invocation normally copies the parent environment and then reads the
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[6f36554] | 40 | user's <filename>~/.bashrc</filename> file for additional startup
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| 41 | configuration instructions.</para>
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[2753b70b] | 42 |
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| 43 | <para>A non-interactive shell is usually present when a shell script is
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| 44 | running. It is non-interactive because it is processing a script and not
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| 45 | waiting for user input between commands. For these shell invocations, only
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| 46 | the environment inherited from the parent shell is used.</para>
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| 47 |
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| 48 | <para> The file <filename>~/.bash_logout</filename> is not used for an
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| 49 | invocation of the shell. It is read and executed when a user exits from an
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| 50 | interactive login shell.</para>
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| 51 |
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[a05dbe6] | 52 | <para>Many distributions use <filename>/etc/bashrc</filename> for system wide
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| 53 | initialization of non-login shells. This file is usually called from the
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| 54 | user's <filename>~/.bashrc</filename> file and is not built directly into
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| 55 | <command>bash</command> itself. This convention is followed in this
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| 56 | section.</para>
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[2753b70b] | 57 |
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[384039a] | 58 | <para>For more information see <command>info bash</command> --
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[2753b70b] | 59 | <emphasis role="strong">Nodes: Bash Startup Files and Interactive
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[ba0deaad] | 60 | Shells</emphasis>.</para>
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| 61 |
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| 62 | <note>
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| 63 | <para>Most of the instructions below are used to create files located in
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| 64 | the <filename class='directory'>/etc</filename> directory structure which
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| 65 | requires you to execute the commands as the
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| 66 | <systemitem class='username'>root</systemitem> user. If you elect to create
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| 67 | the files in user's home directories instead, you should run the commands
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| 68 | as an unprivileged user.</para>
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| 69 | </note>
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[2753b70b] | 70 |
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| 71 | <sect2 id="etc-profile-profile">
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| 72 | <title>/etc/profile</title>
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| 73 |
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| 74 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile etc-profile-profile">
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| 75 | <primary sortas="e-etc-profile">/etc/profile</primary>
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| 76 | </indexterm>
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| 77 |
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| 78 | <para>Here is a base <filename>/etc/profile</filename>. This file starts by
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| 79 | setting up some helper functions and some basic parameters. It specifies some
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[ba0deaad] | 80 | <command>bash</command> history parameters and, for security purposes,
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[384039a] | 81 | disables keeping a permanent history file for the <systemitem
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[2753b70b] | 82 | class="username">root</systemitem> user. It also sets a
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| 83 | default user prompt. It then calls small, single purpose scripts in the
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| 84 | <filename class='directory'>/etc/profile.d</filename> directory to provide most
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[ba0deaad] | 85 | of the initialization.</para>
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[2753b70b] | 86 |
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| 87 | <para>For more information on the escape sequences you can use for your prompt
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[ba0deaad] | 88 | (i.e., the <envar>PS1</envar> environment variable) see <command>info
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[2753b70b] | 89 | bash</command> -- <emphasis role="strong">Node: Printing a
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[ba0deaad] | 90 | Prompt</emphasis>.</para>
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[2753b70b] | 91 |
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[8e37798] | 92 | <screen role="root"><?dbfo keep-together="auto"?><userinput>cat > /etc/profile << "EOF"
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[2753b70b] | 93 | <literal># Begin /etc/profile
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[b554263] | 94 | # Written for Beyond Linux From Scratch
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| 95 | # by James Robertson <jameswrobertson@earthlink.net>
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[1a396398] | 96 | # modifications by Dagmar d'Surreal <rivyqntzne@pbzpnfg.arg>
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[384039a] | 97 |
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[b554263] | 98 | # System wide environment variables and startup programs.
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[384039a] | 99 |
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[b554263] | 100 | # System wide aliases and functions should go in /etc/bashrc. Personal
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| 101 | # environment variables and startup programs should go into
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| 102 | # ~/.bash_profile. Personal aliases and functions should go into
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| 103 | # ~/.bashrc.
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[384039a] | 104 |
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[1a396398] | 105 | # Functions to help us manage paths. Second argument is the name of the
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| 106 | # path variable to be modified (default: PATH)
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| 107 | pathremove () {
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| 108 | local IFS=':'
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| 109 | local NEWPATH
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| 110 | local DIR
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| 111 | local PATHVARIABLE=${2:-PATH}
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| 112 | for DIR in ${!PATHVARIABLE} ; do
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| 113 | if [ "$DIR" != "$1" ] ; then
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| 114 | NEWPATH=${NEWPATH:+$NEWPATH:}$DIR
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| 115 | fi
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| 116 | done
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| 117 | export $PATHVARIABLE="$NEWPATH"
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[b554263] | 118 | }
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[384039a] | 119 |
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[1a396398] | 120 | pathprepend () {
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| 121 | pathremove $1 $2
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| 122 | local PATHVARIABLE=${2:-PATH}
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| 123 | export $PATHVARIABLE="$1${!PATHVARIABLE:+:${!PATHVARIABLE}}"
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| 124 | }
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[384039a] | 125 |
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[1a396398] | 126 | pathappend () {
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| 127 | pathremove $1 $2
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| 128 | local PATHVARIABLE=${2:-PATH}
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| 129 | export $PATHVARIABLE="${!PATHVARIABLE:+${!PATHVARIABLE}:}$1"
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| 130 | }
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[384039a] | 131 |
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[ec7940be] | 132 | export -f pathremove pathprepend pathappend
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[e9ef7b5e] | 133 |
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| 134 | # Set the initial path
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| 135 | export PATH=/bin:/usr/bin
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| 136 |
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[1a396398] | 137 | if [ $EUID -eq 0 ] ; then
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[e9ef7b5e] | 138 | pathappend /sbin:/usr/sbin
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[1a396398] | 139 | unset HISTFILE
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[b554263] | 140 | fi
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[384039a] | 141 |
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[1a396398] | 142 | # Setup some environment variables.
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| 143 | export HISTSIZE=1000
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| 144 | export HISTIGNORE="&:[bf]g:exit"
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[0d7ec6f1] | 145 |
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[97c713e] | 146 | # Set some defaults for graphical systems
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[89cad9f] | 147 | export XDG_DATA_DIRS=/usr/share/
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| 148 | export XDG_CONFIG_DIRS=/etc/xdg/
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[97c713e] | 149 |
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[410e228b] | 150 | # Setup a red prompt for root and a green one for users.
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[0d7ec6f1] | 151 | NORMAL="\[\e[0m\]"
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| 152 | RED="\[\e[1;31m\]"
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| 153 | GREEN="\[\e[1;32m\]"
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| 154 | if [[ $EUID == 0 ]] ; then
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| 155 | PS1="$RED\u [ $NORMAL\w$RED ]# $NORMAL"
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| 156 | else
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| 157 | PS1="$GREEN\u [ $NORMAL\w$GREEN ]\$ $NORMAL"
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| 158 | fi
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[384039a] | 159 |
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[1a396398] | 160 | for script in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do
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[d3880c0] | 161 | if [ -r $script ] ; then
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[1a396398] | 162 | . $script
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| 163 | fi
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| 164 | done
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[384039a] | 165 |
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[f91e4b98] | 166 | unset script RED GREEN NORMAL
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[dc53944] | 167 |
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[2753b70b] | 168 | # End /etc/profile</literal>
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| 169 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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[1a396398] | 170 |
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[2753b70b] | 171 | <sect3 id="etc-profile.d">
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| 172 | <title>The /etc/profile.d Directory</title>
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[99e8a229] | 173 |
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[2753b70b] | 174 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile etc-profile.d">
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| 175 | <primary sortas="e-etc-profile.d">/etc/profile.d</primary>
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| 176 | </indexterm>
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[1a396398] | 177 |
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[384039a] | 178 | <para>Now create the <filename class='directory'>/etc/profile.d</filename>
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[ba0deaad] | 179 | directory, where the individual initialization scripts are placed:</para>
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[1a396398] | 180 |
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[2753b70b] | 181 | <screen role="root"><userinput>install --directory --mode=0755 --owner=root --group=root /etc/profile.d</userinput></screen>
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[1a396398] | 182 |
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[2753b70b] | 183 | </sect3>
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[1a396398] | 184 |
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[931a597] | 185 | <sect3 id="etc-profile.d-bash-completion.sh">
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| 186 | <title>/etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh</title>
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| 187 |
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| 188 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile etc-profile.d-bash-completion.sh">
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| 189 | <primary sortas="e-etc-profile.d-bash-completion.sh">/etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh</primary>
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| 190 | </indexterm>
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| 191 |
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| 192 | <para>This script imports bash completion scripts, installed by many
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| 193 | other BLFS packages, to allow TAB command line completion.</para>
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| 194 |
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| 195 | <screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh << "EOF"
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| 196 | <literal># Begin /etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh
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| 197 | # Import bash completion scripts
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| 198 |
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| 199 | for script in /etc/bash_completion.d/*.sh ; do
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| 200 | if [ -r $script ] ; then
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| 201 | . $script
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| 202 | fi
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| 203 | done
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| 204 | # End /etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh</literal>
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| 205 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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| 206 |
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| 207 | <para>Make sure that the directory exists:</para>
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| 208 |
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| 209 | <screen role="root"><userinput>install --directory --mode=0755 --owner=root --group=root /etc/bash_completion.d</userinput></screen>
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| 210 |
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| 211 | </sect3>
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| 212 |
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| 213 |
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| 214 |
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[2753b70b] | 215 | <sect3 id="etc-profile.d-dircolors.sh">
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| 216 | <title>/etc/profile.d/dircolors.sh</title>
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| 217 |
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| 218 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile etc-profile.d-dircolors.sh">
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| 219 | <primary sortas="e-etc-profile.d-dircolors.sh">/etc/profile.d/dircolors.sh</primary>
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| 220 | </indexterm>
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| 221 |
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| 222 | <para>This script uses the <filename>~/.dircolors</filename> and
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| 223 | <filename>/etc/dircolors</filename> files to control the colors of file names in a
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| 224 | directory listing. They control colorized output of things like <command>ls
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[ba0deaad] | 225 | --color</command>. The explanation of how to initialize these files is at the
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[2753b70b] | 226 | end of this section.</para>
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| 227 |
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| 228 | <screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/profile.d/dircolors.sh << "EOF"
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[b5905ae] | 229 | <literal># Setup for /bin/ls and /bin/grep to support color, the alias is in /etc/bashrc.
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[1a396398] | 230 | if [ -f "/etc/dircolors" ] ; then
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| 231 | eval $(dircolors -b /etc/dircolors)
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[89ef45fc] | 232 | fi
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[384039a] | 233 |
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[89ef45fc] | 234 | if [ -f "$HOME/.dircolors" ] ; then
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| 235 | eval $(dircolors -b $HOME/.dircolors)
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[b554263] | 236 | fi
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[89ef45fc] | 237 |
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[b5905ae] | 238 | alias ls='ls --color=auto'
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| 239 | alias grep='grep --color=auto'</literal>
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[2753b70b] | 240 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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| 241 |
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| 242 | </sect3>
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| 243 |
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| 244 | <sect3 id="extrapaths.sh">
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| 245 | <title>/etc/profile.d/extrapaths.sh</title>
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| 246 |
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| 247 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile extrapaths.sh">
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| 248 | <primary sortas="e-etc-profile.d-extrapaths.sh">/etc/profile.d/extrapaths.sh</primary>
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| 249 | </indexterm>
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| 250 |
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[dc53944] | 251 | <para>This script adds some useful paths to the <envar>PATH</envar> and
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| 252 | can be used to customize other PATH related environment variables
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[f3429309] | 253 | (e.g. LD_LIBRARY_PATH, etc) that may be needed for all users.</para>
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[384039a] | 254 |
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[2753b70b] | 255 | <screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/profile.d/extrapaths.sh << "EOF"
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| 256 | <literal>if [ -d /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig ] ; then
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[1a396398] | 257 | pathappend /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig PKG_CONFIG_PATH
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| 258 | fi
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| 259 | if [ -d /usr/local/bin ]; then
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| 260 | pathprepend /usr/local/bin
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[b554263] | 261 | fi
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[1a396398] | 262 | if [ -d /usr/local/sbin -a $EUID -eq 0 ]; then
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| 263 | pathprepend /usr/local/sbin
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[a4f641b] | 264 | fi
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[bfa21f3] | 265 |
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| 266 | # Set some defaults before other applications add to these paths.
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| 267 | pathappend /usr/share/man MANPATH
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[a4f641b] | 268 | pathappend /usr/share/info INFOPATH</literal>
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[2753b70b] | 269 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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| 270 |
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| 271 | </sect3>
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| 272 |
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| 273 | <sect3 id="readline.sh">
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| 274 | <title>/etc/profile.d/readline.sh</title>
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| 275 |
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| 276 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile readline.sh">
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| 277 | <primary sortas="e-etc-profile.d-readline.sh">/etc/profile.d/readline.sh</primary>
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| 278 | </indexterm>
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| 279 |
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[384039a] | 280 | <para>This script sets up the default <filename>inputrc</filename>
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| 281 | configuration file. If the user does not have individual settings, it uses the
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[2753b70b] | 282 | global file.</para>
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| 283 |
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| 284 | <screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/profile.d/readline.sh << "EOF"
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| 285 | <literal># Setup the INPUTRC environment variable.
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[b554263] | 286 | if [ -z "$INPUTRC" -a ! -f "$HOME/.inputrc" ] ; then
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[1a396398] | 287 | INPUTRC=/etc/inputrc
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[b554263] | 288 | fi
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[2753b70b] | 289 | export INPUTRC</literal>
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| 290 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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| 291 |
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| 292 | </sect3>
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| 293 |
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| 294 | <sect3 id="umask.sh">
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| 295 | <title>/etc/profile.d/umask.sh</title>
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| 296 |
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| 297 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile umask.sh">
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| 298 | <primary sortas="e-etc-profile.d-umask.sh">/etc/profile.d/umask.sh</primary>
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| 299 | </indexterm>
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[384039a] | 300 |
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| 301 | <para>Setting the <command>umask</command> value is important for security.
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| 302 | Here the default group write permissions are turned off for system users and when
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[2753b70b] | 303 | the user name and group name are not the same.</para>
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[b554263] | 304 |
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[2753b70b] | 305 | <screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/profile.d/umask.sh << "EOF"
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[ec64d28] | 306 | <literal># By default, the umask should be set.
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[1a396398] | 307 | if [ "$(id -gn)" = "$(id -un)" -a $EUID -gt 99 ] ; then
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| 308 | umask 002
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| 309 | else
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| 310 | umask 022
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[2753b70b] | 311 | fi</literal>
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| 312 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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| 313 |
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| 314 | </sect3>
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| 315 |
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[be409f9a] | 316 | <!-- This is handled in the Xorg section of the book
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[2753b70b] | 317 | <sect3 id="X.sh">
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| 318 | <title>/etc/profile.d/X.sh</title>
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[1a396398] | 319 |
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[2753b70b] | 320 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile X.sh">
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| 321 | <primary sortas="e-etc-profile.d-X.sh">/etc/profile.d/X.sh</primary>
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| 322 | </indexterm>
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[1a396398] | 323 |
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[384039a] | 324 | <para>If <application>X</application> is installed, the <envar>PATH</envar>
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[2753b70b] | 325 | and <envar>PKG_CONFIG_PATH</envar> variables are also updated.</para>
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[1a396398] | 326 |
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[2753b70b] | 327 | <screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/profile.d/X.sh << "EOF"
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| 328 | <literal>if [ -x /usr/X11R6/bin/X ]; then
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[1a396398] | 329 | pathappend /usr/X11R6/bin
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| 330 | fi
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| 331 | if [ -d /usr/X11R6/lib/pkgconfig ] ; then
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| 332 | pathappend /usr/X11R6/lib/pkgconfig PKG_CONFIG_PATH
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[2753b70b] | 333 | fi</literal>
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| 334 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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| 335 |
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| 336 | </sect3>
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[be409f9a] | 337 | -->
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[2753b70b] | 338 | <sect3 id="i18n.sh">
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[0d7ec6f1] | 339 | <title>/etc/profile.d/i18n.sh</title>
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[2753b70b] | 340 |
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| 341 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile i18n.sh">
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| 342 | <primary sortas="e-etc-profile.d-i18n.sh">/etc/profile.d/i18n.sh</primary>
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| 343 | </indexterm>
|
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| 344 |
|
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[0f442884] | 345 | <para>This script sets an environment variable necessary for
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| 346 | native language support. A full discussion on determining this
|
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| 347 | variable can be found on the <ulink
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| 348 | url="&lfs-root;/chapter07/profile.html">LFS Bash Shell
|
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| 349 | Startup Files</ulink> page.</para>
|
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[2753b70b] | 350 |
|
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| 351 | <screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/profile.d/i18n.sh << "EOF"
|
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| 352 | <literal># Set up i18n variables
|
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[0f442884] | 353 | export LANG=<replaceable><ll></replaceable>_<replaceable><CC></replaceable>.<replaceable><charmap></replaceable><replaceable><@modifiers></replaceable></literal>
|
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[2753b70b] | 354 | EOF</userinput></screen>
|
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| 355 |
|
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| 356 | </sect3>
|
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| 357 |
|
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| 358 | <sect3>
|
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| 359 | <title>Other Initialization Values</title>
|
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| 360 |
|
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[384039a] | 361 | <para>Other initialization can easily be added to the
|
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| 362 | <filename>profile</filename> by adding additional scripts to the
|
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[2753b70b] | 363 | <filename class='directory'>/etc/profile.d</filename> directory.</para>
|
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| 364 |
|
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| 365 | </sect3>
|
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| 366 |
|
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| 367 | </sect2>
|
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| 368 |
|
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| 369 | <sect2 id="etc-bashrc-profile">
|
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| 370 | <title>/etc/bashrc</title>
|
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| 371 |
|
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| 372 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile etc-bashrc-profile">
|
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| 373 | <primary sortas="e-etc-bashrc">/etc/bashrc</primary>
|
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| 374 | </indexterm>
|
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| 375 |
|
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| 376 | <para>Here is a base <filename>/etc/bashrc</filename>. Comments in the
|
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| 377 | file should explain everything you need.</para>
|
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| 378 |
|
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| 379 | <screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/bashrc << "EOF"
|
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[384039a] | 380 | <literal># Begin /etc/bashrc
|
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| 381 | # Written for Beyond Linux From Scratch
|
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[b554263] | 382 | # by James Robertson <jameswrobertson@earthlink.net>
|
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[4e88613] | 383 | # updated by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@&lfs-domainname;>
|
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[ad33bab6] | 384 |
|
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[b554263] | 385 | # System wide aliases and functions.
|
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| 386 |
|
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| 387 | # System wide environment variables and startup programs should go into
|
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| 388 | # /etc/profile. Personal environment variables and startup programs
|
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| 389 | # should go into ~/.bash_profile. Personal aliases and functions should
|
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| 390 | # go into ~/.bashrc
|
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| 391 |
|
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[b5905ae] | 392 | # Provides colored /bin/ls and /bin/grep commands. Used in conjunction
|
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| 393 | # with code in /etc/profile.
|
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[1a396398] | 394 |
|
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[b554263] | 395 | alias ls='ls --color=auto'
|
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[b5905ae] | 396 | alias grep='grep --color=auto'
|
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[b554263] | 397 |
|
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[1a396398] | 398 | # Provides prompt for non-login shells, specifically shells started
|
---|
[2753b70b] | 399 | # in the X environment. [Review the LFS archive thread titled
|
---|
[384039a] | 400 | # PS1 Environment Variable for a great case study behind this script
|
---|
[dd362e5] | 401 | # addendum.]
|
---|
[1a396398] | 402 |
|
---|
[0d7ec6f1] | 403 | NORMAL="\[\e[0m\]"
|
---|
| 404 | RED="\[\e[1;31m\]"
|
---|
| 405 | GREEN="\[\e[1;32m\]"
|
---|
| 406 | if [[ $EUID == 0 ]] ; then
|
---|
| 407 | PS1="$RED\u [ $NORMAL\w$RED ]# $NORMAL"
|
---|
| 408 | else
|
---|
| 409 | PS1="$GREEN\u [ $NORMAL\w$GREEN ]\$ $NORMAL"
|
---|
| 410 | fi
|
---|
[28a9992] | 411 |
|
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[dc53944] | 412 | unset RED GREEN NORMAL
|
---|
| 413 |
|
---|
[2753b70b] | 414 | # End /etc/bashrc</literal>
|
---|
| 415 | EOF</userinput></screen>
|
---|
| 416 |
|
---|
| 417 | </sect2>
|
---|
| 418 |
|
---|
| 419 | <sect2 id="bash_profile-profile">
|
---|
| 420 | <title>~/.bash_profile</title>
|
---|
| 421 |
|
---|
| 422 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile bash_profile-profile">
|
---|
| 423 | <primary sortas="e-AA.bash_profile">~/.bash_profile</primary>
|
---|
| 424 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 425 |
|
---|
| 426 | <para>Here is a base <filename>~/.bash_profile</filename>. If you want each
|
---|
| 427 | new user to have this file automatically, just change the output of
|
---|
| 428 | the command to <filename>/etc/skel/.bash_profile</filename> and check the
|
---|
| 429 | permissions after the command is run. You can then copy
|
---|
| 430 | <filename>/etc/skel/.bash_profile</filename> to the home directories of already
|
---|
[384039a] | 431 | existing users, including <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>,
|
---|
[2753b70b] | 432 | and set the owner and group appropriately.</para>
|
---|
| 433 |
|
---|
| 434 | <screen><userinput>cat > ~/.bash_profile << "EOF"
|
---|
| 435 | <literal># Begin ~/.bash_profile
|
---|
[b554263] | 436 | # Written for Beyond Linux From Scratch
|
---|
| 437 | # by James Robertson <jameswrobertson@earthlink.net>
|
---|
[4e88613] | 438 | # updated by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@&lfs-domainname;>
|
---|
[b554263] | 439 |
|
---|
[64d97b7c] | 440 | # Personal environment variables and startup programs.
|
---|
[b554263] | 441 |
|
---|
| 442 | # Personal aliases and functions should go in ~/.bashrc. System wide
|
---|
| 443 | # environment variables and startup programs are in /etc/profile.
|
---|
| 444 | # System wide aliases and functions are in /etc/bashrc.
|
---|
| 445 |
|
---|
| 446 | if [ -f "$HOME/.bashrc" ] ; then
|
---|
[76d61ba] | 447 | source $HOME/.bashrc
|
---|
[b554263] | 448 | fi
|
---|
| 449 |
|
---|
| 450 | if [ -d "$HOME/bin" ] ; then
|
---|
[dc53944] | 451 | pathprepend $HOME/bin
|
---|
[b554263] | 452 | fi
|
---|
| 453 |
|
---|
[dc53944] | 454 | # Having . in the PATH is dangerous
|
---|
| 455 | #if [ $EUID -gt 99 ]; then
|
---|
| 456 | # pathappend .
|
---|
| 457 | #fi
|
---|
[b554263] | 458 |
|
---|
[2753b70b] | 459 | # End ~/.bash_profile</literal>
|
---|
| 460 | EOF</userinput></screen>
|
---|
| 461 |
|
---|
| 462 | </sect2>
|
---|
[384039a] | 463 |
|
---|
[6f36554] | 464 | <sect2 id="dot_profile-profile">
|
---|
| 465 | <title>~/.profile</title>
|
---|
| 466 |
|
---|
| 467 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile dot_profile-profile">
|
---|
| 468 | <primary sortas="e-AA.dot_profile">~/.profile</primary>
|
---|
| 469 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 470 |
|
---|
| 471 | <para>Here is a base <filename>~/.profile</filename>. The comments and
|
---|
| 472 | instructions for using <filename class="directory">/etc/skel</filename> for
|
---|
| 473 | <filename>.bash_profile</filename> above also apply here. Only the target
|
---|
| 474 | file names are different.</para>
|
---|
| 475 |
|
---|
| 476 | <screen><userinput>cat > ~/.profile << "EOF"
|
---|
| 477 | <literal># Begin ~/.profile
|
---|
| 478 | # Personal environment variables and startup programs.
|
---|
| 479 |
|
---|
| 480 | if [ -d "$HOME/bin" ] ; then
|
---|
| 481 | pathprepend $HOME/bin
|
---|
| 482 | fi
|
---|
| 483 |
|
---|
| 484 | # End ~/.profile</literal>
|
---|
| 485 | EOF</userinput></screen>
|
---|
| 486 |
|
---|
| 487 | </sect2>
|
---|
| 488 |
|
---|
[2753b70b] | 489 | <sect2 id="bashrc-profile">
|
---|
| 490 | <title>~/.bashrc</title>
|
---|
| 491 |
|
---|
| 492 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile bashrc-profile">
|
---|
| 493 | <primary sortas="e-AA.bashrc">~/.bashrc</primary>
|
---|
| 494 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 495 |
|
---|
[6f36554] | 496 | <para>Here is a base <filename>~/.bashrc</filename>.</para>
|
---|
[2753b70b] | 497 |
|
---|
| 498 | <screen><userinput>cat > ~/.bashrc << "EOF"
|
---|
| 499 | <literal># Begin ~/.bashrc
|
---|
[b554263] | 500 | # Written for Beyond Linux From Scratch
|
---|
| 501 | # by James Robertson <jameswrobertson@earthlink.net>
|
---|
| 502 |
|
---|
| 503 | # Personal aliases and functions.
|
---|
| 504 |
|
---|
| 505 | # Personal environment variables and startup programs should go in
|
---|
[64d97b7c] | 506 | # ~/.bash_profile. System wide environment variables and startup
|
---|
[b554263] | 507 | # programs are in /etc/profile. System wide aliases and functions are
|
---|
[384039a] | 508 | # in /etc/bashrc.
|
---|
[b554263] | 509 |
|
---|
| 510 | if [ -f "/etc/bashrc" ] ; then
|
---|
[76d61ba] | 511 | source /etc/bashrc
|
---|
[b554263] | 512 | fi
|
---|
| 513 |
|
---|
[2753b70b] | 514 | # End ~/.bashrc</literal>
|
---|
| 515 | EOF</userinput></screen>
|
---|
| 516 |
|
---|
| 517 | </sect2>
|
---|
[384039a] | 518 |
|
---|
| 519 |
|
---|
[2753b70b] | 520 | <sect2 id="bash_logout-profile">
|
---|
| 521 | <title>~/.bash_logout</title>
|
---|
| 522 |
|
---|
| 523 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile bash_logout-profile">
|
---|
| 524 | <primary sortas="e-AA.bash_logout">~/.bash_logout</primary>
|
---|
| 525 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 526 |
|
---|
| 527 | <para>This is an empty <filename>~/.bash_logout</filename> that can be used as
|
---|
| 528 | a template. You will notice that the base <filename>~/.bash_logout</filename>
|
---|
| 529 | does not include a <userinput>clear</userinput> command. This is because the
|
---|
| 530 | clear is handled in the <filename>/etc/issue</filename> file.</para>
|
---|
| 531 |
|
---|
| 532 | <screen><userinput>cat > ~/.bash_logout << "EOF"
|
---|
| 533 | <literal># Begin ~/.bash_logout
|
---|
[b554263] | 534 | # Written for Beyond Linux From Scratch
|
---|
| 535 | # by James Robertson <jameswrobertson@earthlink.net>
|
---|
| 536 |
|
---|
| 537 | # Personal items to perform on logout.
|
---|
| 538 |
|
---|
[2753b70b] | 539 | # End ~/.bash_logout</literal>
|
---|
| 540 | EOF</userinput></screen>
|
---|
| 541 |
|
---|
| 542 | </sect2>
|
---|
[384039a] | 543 |
|
---|
| 544 |
|
---|
[2753b70b] | 545 | <sect2 id="etc-dircolors-profile">
|
---|
| 546 | <title>/etc/dircolors</title>
|
---|
| 547 |
|
---|
| 548 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile etc-dircolors-profile">
|
---|
| 549 | <primary sortas="e-etc-dircolors">/etc/dircolors</primary>
|
---|
| 550 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 551 |
|
---|
| 552 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile etc-dircolors-profile">
|
---|
| 553 | <primary sortas="e-AA.dircolors">~/.dircolors</primary>
|
---|
| 554 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 555 |
|
---|
[6f36554] | 556 | <para> If you want to use the <filename>dircolors</filename> capability,
|
---|
| 557 | then run the following command. The
|
---|
| 558 | <filename class="directory">/etc/skel</filename> setup steps shown above
|
---|
| 559 | also can be used here to provide a <filename>~/.dircolors</filename> file
|
---|
| 560 | when a new user is set up. As before, just change the output file name on
|
---|
| 561 | the following command and assure the permissions, owner, and group are
|
---|
| 562 | correct on the files created and/or copied.</para>
|
---|
[2753b70b] | 563 |
|
---|
| 564 | <screen role="root"><userinput>dircolors -p > /etc/dircolors</userinput></screen>
|
---|
| 565 |
|
---|
[6f36554] | 566 | <para>If you wish to customize the colors used for different file types,
|
---|
| 567 | you can edit the <filename>/etc/dircolors</filename> file. The instructions
|
---|
| 568 | for setting the colors are embedded in the file.</para>
|
---|
[2753b70b] | 569 |
|
---|
| 570 |
|
---|
| 571 | <para>Finally, Ian Macdonald has written an excellent collection of tips and
|
---|
| 572 | tricks to enhance your shell environment. You can read it online at
|
---|
[ba0deaad] | 573 | <ulink url="http://www.caliban.org/bash/index.shtml"/>.</para>
|
---|
[2753b70b] | 574 |
|
---|
| 575 | </sect2>
|
---|
| 576 |
|
---|
[b554263] | 577 | </sect1>
|
---|