1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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5 | %general-entities;
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6 | ]>
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7 |
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8 | <sect1 id="postlfs-config-profile" xreflabel="The Bash Shell Startup Files">
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9 | <?dbhtml filename="profile.html"?>
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10 |
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11 |
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12 | <title>The Bash Shell Startup Files</title>
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13 |
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14 | <para>
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15 | The shell program <filename>/bin/bash</filename> (hereafter referred to
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16 | as just "the shell") uses a collection of startup files to help create
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17 | an environment. Each file has a specific use and may affect login and
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18 | interactive environments differently. The files in the <filename
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19 | class="directory">/etc</filename> directory generally provide global
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20 | settings. If an equivalent file exists in your home directory it may
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21 | override the global settings.
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22 | </para>
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23 |
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24 | <para>
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25 | An interactive login shell is started after a successful login, using
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26 | <filename>/bin/login</filename>, by reading the
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27 | <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file. This shell invocation normally reads
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28 | <filename>/etc/profile</filename> and its private equivalent
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29 | <filename>~/.bash_profile</filename> (or <filename>~/.profile</filename>
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30 | if called as <command>/bin/sh</command>) upon startup.
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31 | </para>
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32 |
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33 | <para>
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34 | An interactive non-login shell is normally started at the command-line
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35 | using a shell program (e.g.,
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36 | <prompt>[prompt]$</prompt><command>/bin/bash</command>) or by the
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37 | <command>/bin/su</command> command. An interactive non-login shell is also
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38 | started with a terminal program such as <command>xterm</command> or
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39 | <command>konsole</command> from within a graphical environment. This type
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40 | of shell invocation normally copies the parent environment and then reads
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41 | the user's <filename>~/.bashrc</filename> file for additional startup
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42 | configuration instructions.
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43 | </para>
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44 |
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45 | <para>
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46 | A non-interactive shell is usually present when a shell script is
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47 | running. It is non-interactive because it is processing a script and not
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48 | waiting for user input between commands. For these shell invocations, only
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49 | the environment inherited from the parent shell is used.
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50 | </para>
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51 |
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52 | <para>
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53 | The file <filename>~/.bash_logout</filename> is not used for an
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54 | invocation of the shell. It is read and executed when a user exits from an
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55 | interactive login shell.
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56 | </para>
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57 |
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58 | <para>
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59 | Many distributions use <filename>/etc/bashrc</filename> for system wide
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60 | initialization of non-login shells. This file is usually called from the
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61 | user's <filename>~/.bashrc</filename> file and is not built directly into
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62 | <command>bash</command> itself. This convention is followed in this
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63 | section.
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64 | </para>
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65 |
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66 | <para>
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67 | For more information see <command>info bash</command> --
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68 | <emphasis role="strong">Nodes: Bash Startup Files and Interactive
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69 | Shells</emphasis>.
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70 | </para>
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71 |
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72 | <note>
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73 | <para>
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74 | Most of the instructions below are used to create files located in the
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75 | <filename class='directory'>/etc</filename> directory structure which
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76 | requires you to execute the commands as the <systemitem
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77 | class='username'>root</systemitem> user. If you elect to create the
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78 | files in user's home directories instead, you should run the commands
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79 | as an unprivileged user.
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80 | </para>
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81 | </note>
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82 |
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83 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">Editor Notes:
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84 | <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/bash-shell-startup-files"/></para>
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85 |
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86 | <sect2 id="etc-profile-profile">
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87 | <title>/etc/profile</title>
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88 |
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89 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile etc-profile-profile">
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90 | <primary sortas="e-etc-profile">/etc/profile</primary>
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91 | </indexterm>
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92 |
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93 | <para>
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94 | Here is a base <filename>/etc/profile</filename>. This file starts by
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95 | setting up some helper functions and some basic parameters. It specifies
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96 | some <command>bash</command> history parameters and, for security
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97 | purposes, disables keeping a permanent history file for the <systemitem
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98 | class="username">root</systemitem> user. It also sets a default user
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99 | prompt. It then calls small, single purpose scripts in the <filename
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100 | class='directory'>/etc/profile.d</filename> directory to provide most
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101 | of the initialization.
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102 | </para>
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103 |
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104 | <para>
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105 | For more information on the escape sequences you can use for your prompt
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106 | (i.e., the <envar>PS1</envar> environment variable) see <command>info
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107 | bash</command> -- <emphasis role="strong">Node: Printing a
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108 | Prompt</emphasis>.
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109 | </para>
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110 |
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111 | <screen role="root"><?dbfo keep-together="auto"?><userinput>cat > /etc/profile << "EOF"
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112 | <literal># Begin /etc/profile
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113 | # Written for Beyond Linux From Scratch
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114 | # by James Robertson <jameswrobertson@earthlink.net>
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115 | # modifications by Dagmar d'Surreal <rivyqntzne@pbzpnfg.arg>
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116 |
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117 | # System wide environment variables and startup programs.
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118 |
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119 | # System wide aliases and functions should go in /etc/bashrc. Personal
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120 | # environment variables and startup programs should go into
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121 | # ~/.bash_profile. Personal aliases and functions should go into
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122 | # ~/.bashrc.
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123 |
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124 | # Functions to help us manage paths. Second argument is the name of the
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125 | # path variable to be modified (default: PATH)
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126 | pathremove () {
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127 | local IFS=':'
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128 | local NEWPATH
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129 | local DIR
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130 | local PATHVARIABLE=${2:-PATH}
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131 | for DIR in ${!PATHVARIABLE} ; do
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132 | if [ "$DIR" != "$1" ] ; then
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133 | NEWPATH=${NEWPATH:+$NEWPATH:}$DIR
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134 | fi
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135 | done
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136 | export $PATHVARIABLE="$NEWPATH"
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137 | }
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138 |
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139 | pathprepend () {
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140 | pathremove $1 $2
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141 | local PATHVARIABLE=${2:-PATH}
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142 | export $PATHVARIABLE="$1${!PATHVARIABLE:+:${!PATHVARIABLE}}"
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143 | }
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144 |
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145 | pathappend () {
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146 | pathremove $1 $2
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147 | local PATHVARIABLE=${2:-PATH}
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148 | export $PATHVARIABLE="${!PATHVARIABLE:+${!PATHVARIABLE}:}$1"
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149 | }
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150 |
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151 | export -f pathremove pathprepend pathappend
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152 |
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153 | # Set the initial path
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154 | export PATH=/usr/bin
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155 |
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156 | # Attempt to provide backward compatibility with LFS earlier than 11
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157 | if [ ! -L /bin ]; then
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158 | pathappend /bin
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159 | fi
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160 |
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161 | if [ $EUID -eq 0 ] ; then
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162 | pathappend /usr/sbin
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163 | if [ ! -L /sbin ]; then
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164 | pathappend /sbin
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165 | fi
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166 | unset HISTFILE
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167 | fi
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168 |
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169 | # Set up some environment variables.
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170 | export HISTSIZE=1000
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171 | export HISTIGNORE="&:[bf]g:exit"
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172 |
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173 | # Set some defaults for graphical systems
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174 | export XDG_DATA_DIRS=${XDG_DATA_DIRS:-/usr/share}
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175 | export XDG_CONFIG_DIRS=${XDG_CONFIG_DIRS:-/etc/xdg}
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176 | export XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR:-/tmp/xdg-$USER}
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177 |
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178 | # Set up a red prompt for root and a green one for users.
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179 | NORMAL="\[\e[0m\]"
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180 | RED="\[\e[1;31m\]"
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181 | GREEN="\[\e[1;32m\]"
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182 | if [[ $EUID == 0 ]] ; then
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183 | PS1="$RED\u [ $NORMAL\w$RED ]# $NORMAL"
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184 | else
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185 | PS1="$GREEN\u [ $NORMAL\w$GREEN ]\$ $NORMAL"
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186 | fi
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187 |
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188 | for script in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do
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189 | if [ -r $script ] ; then
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190 | . $script
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191 | fi
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192 | done
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193 |
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194 | unset script RED GREEN NORMAL
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195 |
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196 | # End /etc/profile</literal>
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197 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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198 |
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199 | <sect3 id="etc-profile.d">
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200 | <title>The /etc/profile.d Directory</title>
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201 |
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202 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile etc-profile.d">
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203 | <primary sortas="e-etc-profile.d">/etc/profile.d</primary>
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204 | </indexterm>
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205 |
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206 | <para>
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207 | Now create the <filename class='directory'>/etc/profile.d</filename>
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208 | directory, where the individual initialization scripts are placed:
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209 | </para>
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210 |
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211 | <screen role="root"><userinput>install --directory --mode=0755 --owner=root --group=root /etc/profile.d</userinput></screen>
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212 |
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213 | </sect3>
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214 |
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215 | <sect3 id="etc-profile.d-bash-completion.sh">
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216 | <title>/etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh</title>
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217 |
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218 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile etc-profile.d-bash-completion.sh">
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219 | <primary sortas="e-etc-profile.d-bash-completion.sh">/etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh</primary>
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220 | </indexterm>
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221 |
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222 | <note>
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223 | <para>
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224 | Using the bash completion script below is controversial. Not all
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225 | users like it. It adds many (usually over 1000) lines to the bash
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226 | environment and makes it difficult to use the 'set' command to
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227 | examine simple environment variables. Omitting this script does
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228 | not interfere with the ability of bash to use the tab key for file
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229 | name completion.
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230 | </para>
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231 | </note>
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232 |
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233 | <para>
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234 | This script imports bash completion scripts, installed by many
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235 | other BLFS packages, to allow TAB command line completion.
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236 | </para>
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237 |
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238 | <screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh << "EOF"
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239 | <literal># Begin /etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh
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240 | # Import bash completion scripts
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241 |
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242 | # If the bash-completion package is installed, use its configuration instead
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243 | if [ -f /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion ]; then
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244 |
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245 | # Check for interactive bash and that we haven't already been sourced.
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246 | if [ -n "${BASH_VERSION-}" -a -n "${PS1-}" -a -z "${BASH_COMPLETION_VERSINFO-}" ]; then
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247 |
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248 | # Check for recent enough version of bash.
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249 | if [ ${BASH_VERSINFO[0]} -gt 4 ] || \
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250 | [ ${BASH_VERSINFO[0]} -eq 4 -a ${BASH_VERSINFO[1]} -ge 1 ]; then
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251 | [ -r "${XDG_CONFIG_HOME:-$HOME/.config}/bash_completion" ] && \
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252 | . "${XDG_CONFIG_HOME:-$HOME/.config}/bash_completion"
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253 | if shopt -q progcomp && [ -r /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion ]; then
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254 | # Source completion code.
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255 | . /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
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256 | fi
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257 | fi
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258 | fi
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259 |
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260 | else
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261 |
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262 | # bash-completions are not installed, use only bash completion directory
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263 | if shopt -q progcomp; then
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264 | for script in /etc/bash_completion.d/* ; do
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265 | if [ -r $script ] ; then
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266 | . $script
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267 | fi
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268 | done
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269 | fi
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270 | fi
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271 |
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272 | # End /etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh</literal>
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273 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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274 | <para>
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275 | Make sure that the directory exists:
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276 | </para>
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277 |
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278 | <screen role="root"><userinput>install --directory --mode=0755 --owner=root --group=root /etc/bash_completion.d</userinput></screen>
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279 |
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280 | <para>
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281 | For a more complete installation, see
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282 | <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/bash-shell-startup-files#bash-completions"/>.
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283 | </para>
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284 |
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285 | </sect3>
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286 |
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287 | <sect3 id="etc-profile.d-dircolors.sh">
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288 | <title>/etc/profile.d/dircolors.sh</title>
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289 |
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290 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile etc-profile.d-dircolors.sh">
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291 | <primary sortas="e-etc-profile.d-dircolors.sh">/etc/profile.d/dircolors.sh</primary>
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292 | </indexterm>
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293 |
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294 | <para>
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295 | This script uses the <filename>~/.dircolors</filename> and
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296 | <filename>/etc/dircolors</filename> files to control the colors of
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297 | file names in a directory listing. They control colorized output of
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298 | things like <command>ls --color</command>. The explanation of how to
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299 | initialize these files is at the end of this section.
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300 | </para>
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301 |
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302 | <screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/profile.d/dircolors.sh << "EOF"
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303 | <literal># Setup for /bin/ls and /bin/grep to support color, the alias is in /etc/bashrc.
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304 | if [ -f "/etc/dircolors" ] ; then
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305 | eval $(dircolors -b /etc/dircolors)
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306 | fi
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307 |
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308 | if [ -f "$HOME/.dircolors" ] ; then
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309 | eval $(dircolors -b $HOME/.dircolors)
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310 | fi
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311 |
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312 | alias ls='ls --color=auto'
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313 | alias grep='grep --color=auto'</literal>
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314 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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315 |
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316 | </sect3>
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317 |
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318 | <sect3 id="extrapaths.sh">
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319 | <title>/etc/profile.d/extrapaths.sh</title>
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320 |
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321 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile extrapaths.sh">
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322 | <primary sortas="e-etc-profile.d-extrapaths.sh">/etc/profile.d/extrapaths.sh</primary>
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323 | </indexterm>
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324 |
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325 | <para>
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326 | This script adds some useful paths to the <envar>PATH</envar> and
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327 | can be used to customize other PATH related environment variables
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328 | (e.g. LD_LIBRARY_PATH, etc) that may be needed for all users.
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329 | </para>
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330 |
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331 | <screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/profile.d/extrapaths.sh << "EOF"
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332 | <literal>if [ -d /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig ] ; then
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333 | pathappend /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig PKG_CONFIG_PATH
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334 | fi
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335 | if [ -d /usr/local/bin ]; then
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336 | pathprepend /usr/local/bin
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337 | fi
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338 | if [ -d /usr/local/sbin -a $EUID -eq 0 ]; then
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339 | pathprepend /usr/local/sbin
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340 | fi
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341 |
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342 | if [ -d /usr/local/share ]; then
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343 | pathprepend /usr/local/share XDG_DATA_DIRS
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344 | fi
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345 |
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346 | # Set some defaults before other applications add to these paths.
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347 | pathappend /usr/share/info INFOPATH</literal>
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348 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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349 |
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350 | <note>
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351 | <para>
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352 | The <command>man</command> program automatically deduce the search
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353 | path for man pages by examining the content of the
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354 | <envar>PATH</envar> variable, see
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355 | <ulink role='man' url='&man;manpath.5'>manpath(5)</ulink> for
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356 | details. Setting the <envar>MANPATH</envar> variable may override
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357 | the automatic deduction, so the BLFS editors do not recommend to
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358 | set it. If you must set it for any reason, it's better to start
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359 | its value with a colon (<literal>:</literal>), for example
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360 | <command>MANPATH=:/opt/somepkg/share/man:/opt/otherpkg/share/man</command>
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361 | so the paths listed in the <envar>MANPATH</envar> variable will
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362 | be appended to the automatically deduced value instead of
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363 | overriding it.
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364 | </para>
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365 | </note>
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366 |
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367 | </sect3>
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368 |
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369 | <sect3 id="readline.sh">
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370 | <title>/etc/profile.d/readline.sh</title>
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371 |
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372 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile readline.sh">
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373 | <primary sortas="e-etc-profile.d-readline.sh">/etc/profile.d/readline.sh</primary>
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374 | </indexterm>
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375 |
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376 | <para>
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377 | This script sets up the default <filename>inputrc</filename>
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378 | configuration file. If the user does not have individual settings, it
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379 | uses the global file.
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380 | </para>
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381 |
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382 | <screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/profile.d/readline.sh << "EOF"
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383 | <literal># Set up the INPUTRC environment variable.
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384 | if [ -z "$INPUTRC" -a ! -f "$HOME/.inputrc" ] ; then
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385 | INPUTRC=/etc/inputrc
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386 | fi
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387 | export INPUTRC</literal>
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388 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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389 |
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390 | </sect3>
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391 |
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392 | <sect3 id="umask.sh">
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393 | <title>/etc/profile.d/umask.sh</title>
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394 |
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395 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile umask.sh">
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396 | <primary sortas="e-etc-profile.d-umask.sh">/etc/profile.d/umask.sh</primary>
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397 | </indexterm>
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398 |
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399 | <para>
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400 | Setting the <command>umask</command> value is important for security.
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401 | Here the default group write permissions are turned off for system
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402 | users and when the user name and group name are not the same.
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403 | </para>
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404 |
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405 | <screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/profile.d/umask.sh << "EOF"
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406 | <literal># By default, the umask should be set.
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407 | if [ "$(id -gn)" = "$(id -un)" -a $EUID -gt 99 ] ; then
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408 | umask 002
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409 | else
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410 | umask 022
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411 | fi</literal>
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412 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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413 |
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414 | </sect3>
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415 |
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416 | <!-- This is handled in the Xorg section of the book
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417 | <sect3 id="X.sh">
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418 | <title>/etc/profile.d/X.sh</title>
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419 |
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420 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile X.sh">
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421 | <primary sortas="e-etc-profile.d-X.sh">/etc/profile.d/X.sh</primary>
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422 | </indexterm>
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423 |
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424 | <para>
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425 | If <application>X</application> is installed, the <envar>PATH</envar>
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426 | and <envar>PKG_CONFIG_PATH</envar> variables are also updated.
|
---|
427 | </para>
|
---|
428 |
|
---|
429 | <screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/profile.d/X.sh << "EOF"
|
---|
430 | <literal>if [ -x /usr/X11R6/bin/X ]; then
|
---|
431 | pathappend /usr/X11R6/bin
|
---|
432 | fi
|
---|
433 | if [ -d /usr/X11R6/lib/pkgconfig ] ; then
|
---|
434 | pathappend /usr/X11R6/lib/pkgconfig PKG_CONFIG_PATH
|
---|
435 | fi</literal>
|
---|
436 | EOF</userinput></screen>
|
---|
437 |
|
---|
438 | </sect3>
|
---|
439 | -->
|
---|
440 | <sect3 id="i18n.sh">
|
---|
441 | <!-- This is handled system wide on systemd but LANG is not exported to
|
---|
442 | the environment, hence it's return...need to add additional text for
|
---|
443 | systemd only -->
|
---|
444 | <title>/etc/profile.d/i18n.sh</title>
|
---|
445 |
|
---|
446 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile i18n.sh">
|
---|
447 | <primary sortas="e-etc-profile.d-i18n.sh">/etc/profile.d/i18n.sh</primary>
|
---|
448 | </indexterm>
|
---|
449 |
|
---|
450 | <para>
|
---|
451 | This script sets an environment variable necessary for
|
---|
452 | native language support. A full discussion on determining this
|
---|
453 | variable can be found on the <ulink
|
---|
454 | url="&lfs-root;/chapter09/locale.html">Configuring the System
|
---|
455 | Locale</ulink> page.
|
---|
456 | </para>
|
---|
457 |
|
---|
458 | <screen role="root" revision="sysv"><userinput>cat > /etc/profile.d/i18n.sh << "EOF"
|
---|
459 | <literal># Set up i18n variables
|
---|
460 | for i in $(locale); do
|
---|
461 | unset ${i%=*}
|
---|
462 | done
|
---|
463 |
|
---|
464 | if [[ "$TERM" = linux ]]; then
|
---|
465 | export LANG=C.UTF-8
|
---|
466 | else
|
---|
467 | export LANG=<replaceable><ll></replaceable>_<replaceable><CC></replaceable>.<replaceable><charmap></replaceable><replaceable><@modifiers></replaceable>
|
---|
468 | fi</literal>
|
---|
469 | EOF</userinput></screen>
|
---|
470 |
|
---|
471 | <screen role="root" revision="systemd"><userinput>cat > /etc/profile.d/i18n.sh << "EOF"
|
---|
472 | <literal># Set up i18n variables
|
---|
473 | for i in $(locale); do
|
---|
474 | unset ${i%=*}
|
---|
475 | done
|
---|
476 |
|
---|
477 | if [[ "$TERM" = linux ]]; then
|
---|
478 | export LANG=C.UTF-8
|
---|
479 | else
|
---|
480 | source /etc/locale.conf
|
---|
481 |
|
---|
482 | for i in $(locale); do
|
---|
483 | key=${i%=*}
|
---|
484 | if [[ -v $key ]]; then
|
---|
485 | export $key
|
---|
486 | fi
|
---|
487 | done
|
---|
488 | fi</literal>
|
---|
489 | EOF</userinput></screen>
|
---|
490 |
|
---|
491 | </sect3>
|
---|
492 |
|
---|
493 | <sect3>
|
---|
494 | <title>Other Initialization Values</title>
|
---|
495 |
|
---|
496 | <para>
|
---|
497 | Other initialization can easily be added to the
|
---|
498 | <filename>profile</filename> by adding additional scripts to the
|
---|
499 | <filename class='directory'>/etc/profile.d</filename> directory.
|
---|
500 | </para>
|
---|
501 |
|
---|
502 | </sect3>
|
---|
503 |
|
---|
504 | </sect2>
|
---|
505 |
|
---|
506 | <sect2 id="etc-bashrc-profile">
|
---|
507 | <title>/etc/bashrc</title>
|
---|
508 |
|
---|
509 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile etc-bashrc-profile">
|
---|
510 | <primary sortas="e-etc-bashrc">/etc/bashrc</primary>
|
---|
511 | </indexterm>
|
---|
512 |
|
---|
513 | <para>
|
---|
514 | Here is a base <filename>/etc/bashrc</filename>. Comments in the
|
---|
515 | file should explain everything you need.
|
---|
516 | </para>
|
---|
517 |
|
---|
518 | <screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/bashrc << "EOF"
|
---|
519 | <literal># Begin /etc/bashrc
|
---|
520 | # Written for Beyond Linux From Scratch
|
---|
521 | # by James Robertson <jameswrobertson@earthlink.net>
|
---|
522 | # updated by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@&lfs-domainname;>
|
---|
523 |
|
---|
524 | # System wide aliases and functions.
|
---|
525 |
|
---|
526 | # System wide environment variables and startup programs should go into
|
---|
527 | # /etc/profile. Personal environment variables and startup programs
|
---|
528 | # should go into ~/.bash_profile. Personal aliases and functions should
|
---|
529 | # go into ~/.bashrc
|
---|
530 |
|
---|
531 | # Provides colored /bin/ls and /bin/grep commands. Used in conjunction
|
---|
532 | # with code in /etc/profile.
|
---|
533 |
|
---|
534 | alias ls='ls --color=auto'
|
---|
535 | alias grep='grep --color=auto'
|
---|
536 |
|
---|
537 | # Provides prompt for non-login shells, specifically shells started
|
---|
538 | # in the X environment. [Review the LFS archive thread titled
|
---|
539 | # PS1 Environment Variable for a great case study behind this script
|
---|
540 | # addendum.]
|
---|
541 |
|
---|
542 | NORMAL="\[\e[0m\]"
|
---|
543 | RED="\[\e[1;31m\]"
|
---|
544 | GREEN="\[\e[1;32m\]"
|
---|
545 | if [[ $EUID == 0 ]] ; then
|
---|
546 | PS1="$RED\u [ $NORMAL\w$RED ]# $NORMAL"
|
---|
547 | else
|
---|
548 | PS1="$GREEN\u [ $NORMAL\w$GREEN ]\$ $NORMAL"
|
---|
549 | fi
|
---|
550 |
|
---|
551 | unset RED GREEN NORMAL
|
---|
552 |
|
---|
553 | # End /etc/bashrc</literal>
|
---|
554 | EOF</userinput></screen>
|
---|
555 |
|
---|
556 | </sect2>
|
---|
557 |
|
---|
558 | <sect2 id="bash_profile-profile">
|
---|
559 | <title>~/.bash_profile</title>
|
---|
560 |
|
---|
561 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile bash_profile-profile">
|
---|
562 | <primary sortas="e-AA.bash_profile">~/.bash_profile</primary>
|
---|
563 | </indexterm>
|
---|
564 |
|
---|
565 | <para>
|
---|
566 | Here is a base <filename>~/.bash_profile</filename>. If you want each
|
---|
567 | new user to have this file automatically, just change the output of
|
---|
568 | the command to <filename>/etc/skel/.bash_profile</filename> and check the
|
---|
569 | permissions after the command is run. You can then copy <filename>
|
---|
570 | /etc/skel/.bash_profile</filename> to the home directories of already
|
---|
571 | existing users, including <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>,
|
---|
572 | and set the owner and group appropriately.
|
---|
573 | </para>
|
---|
574 |
|
---|
575 | <screen><userinput>cat > ~/.bash_profile << "EOF"
|
---|
576 | <literal># Begin ~/.bash_profile
|
---|
577 | # Written for Beyond Linux From Scratch
|
---|
578 | # by James Robertson <jameswrobertson@earthlink.net>
|
---|
579 | # updated by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@&lfs-domainname;>
|
---|
580 |
|
---|
581 | # Personal environment variables and startup programs.
|
---|
582 |
|
---|
583 | # Personal aliases and functions should go in ~/.bashrc. System wide
|
---|
584 | # environment variables and startup programs are in /etc/profile.
|
---|
585 | # System wide aliases and functions are in /etc/bashrc.
|
---|
586 |
|
---|
587 | if [ -f "$HOME/.bashrc" ] ; then
|
---|
588 | source $HOME/.bashrc
|
---|
589 | fi
|
---|
590 |
|
---|
591 | if [ -d "$HOME/bin" ] ; then
|
---|
592 | pathprepend $HOME/bin
|
---|
593 | fi
|
---|
594 |
|
---|
595 | # Having . in the PATH is dangerous
|
---|
596 | #if [ $EUID -gt 99 ]; then
|
---|
597 | # pathappend .
|
---|
598 | #fi
|
---|
599 |
|
---|
600 | # End ~/.bash_profile</literal>
|
---|
601 | EOF</userinput></screen>
|
---|
602 |
|
---|
603 | </sect2>
|
---|
604 |
|
---|
605 | <sect2 id="dot_profile-profile">
|
---|
606 | <title>~/.profile</title>
|
---|
607 |
|
---|
608 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile dot_profile-profile">
|
---|
609 | <primary sortas="e-AA.dot_profile">~/.profile</primary>
|
---|
610 | </indexterm>
|
---|
611 |
|
---|
612 | <para>
|
---|
613 | Here is a base <filename>~/.profile</filename>. The comments and
|
---|
614 | instructions for using <filename class="directory">/etc/skel</filename>
|
---|
615 | for <filename>.bash_profile</filename> above also apply here. Only the
|
---|
616 | target file names are different.
|
---|
617 | </para>
|
---|
618 |
|
---|
619 | <screen><userinput>cat > ~/.profile << "EOF"
|
---|
620 | <literal># Begin ~/.profile
|
---|
621 | # Personal environment variables and startup programs.
|
---|
622 |
|
---|
623 | if [ -d "$HOME/bin" ] ; then
|
---|
624 | pathprepend $HOME/bin
|
---|
625 | fi
|
---|
626 |
|
---|
627 | # Set up user specific i18n variables
|
---|
628 | #export LANG=<replaceable><ll></replaceable>_<replaceable><CC></replaceable>.<replaceable><charmap></replaceable><replaceable><@modifiers></replaceable>
|
---|
629 |
|
---|
630 | # End ~/.profile</literal>
|
---|
631 | EOF</userinput></screen>
|
---|
632 |
|
---|
633 | </sect2>
|
---|
634 |
|
---|
635 | <sect2 id="bashrc-profile">
|
---|
636 | <title>~/.bashrc</title>
|
---|
637 |
|
---|
638 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile bashrc-profile">
|
---|
639 | <primary sortas="e-AA.bashrc">~/.bashrc</primary>
|
---|
640 | </indexterm>
|
---|
641 |
|
---|
642 | <para>
|
---|
643 | Here is a base <filename>~/.bashrc</filename>.
|
---|
644 | </para>
|
---|
645 |
|
---|
646 | <screen><userinput>cat > ~/.bashrc << "EOF"
|
---|
647 | <literal># Begin ~/.bashrc
|
---|
648 | # Written for Beyond Linux From Scratch
|
---|
649 | # by James Robertson <jameswrobertson@earthlink.net>
|
---|
650 |
|
---|
651 | # Personal aliases and functions.
|
---|
652 |
|
---|
653 | # Personal environment variables and startup programs should go in
|
---|
654 | # ~/.bash_profile. System wide environment variables and startup
|
---|
655 | # programs are in /etc/profile. System wide aliases and functions are
|
---|
656 | # in /etc/bashrc.
|
---|
657 |
|
---|
658 | if [ -f "/etc/bashrc" ] ; then
|
---|
659 | source /etc/bashrc
|
---|
660 | fi
|
---|
661 |
|
---|
662 | # Set up user specific i18n variables
|
---|
663 | #export LANG=<replaceable><ll></replaceable>_<replaceable><CC></replaceable>.<replaceable><charmap></replaceable><replaceable><@modifiers></replaceable>
|
---|
664 |
|
---|
665 | # End ~/.bashrc</literal>
|
---|
666 | EOF</userinput></screen>
|
---|
667 |
|
---|
668 | </sect2>
|
---|
669 |
|
---|
670 |
|
---|
671 | <sect2 id="bash_logout-profile">
|
---|
672 | <title>~/.bash_logout</title>
|
---|
673 |
|
---|
674 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile bash_logout-profile">
|
---|
675 | <primary sortas="e-AA.bash_logout">~/.bash_logout</primary>
|
---|
676 | </indexterm>
|
---|
677 |
|
---|
678 | <para>
|
---|
679 | This is an empty <filename>~/.bash_logout</filename> that can be used as
|
---|
680 | a template. You will notice that the base <filename>~/.bash_logout
|
---|
681 | </filename> does not include a <userinput>clear</userinput> command.
|
---|
682 | This is because the clear is handled in the
|
---|
683 | <filename>/etc/issue</filename> file.
|
---|
684 | </para>
|
---|
685 |
|
---|
686 | <screen><userinput>cat > ~/.bash_logout << "EOF"
|
---|
687 | <literal># Begin ~/.bash_logout
|
---|
688 | # Written for Beyond Linux From Scratch
|
---|
689 | # by James Robertson <jameswrobertson@earthlink.net>
|
---|
690 |
|
---|
691 | # Personal items to perform on logout.
|
---|
692 |
|
---|
693 | # End ~/.bash_logout</literal>
|
---|
694 | EOF</userinput></screen>
|
---|
695 |
|
---|
696 | </sect2>
|
---|
697 |
|
---|
698 |
|
---|
699 | <sect2 id="etc-dircolors-profile">
|
---|
700 | <title>/etc/dircolors</title>
|
---|
701 |
|
---|
702 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile etc-dircolors-profile">
|
---|
703 | <primary sortas="e-etc-dircolors">/etc/dircolors</primary>
|
---|
704 | </indexterm>
|
---|
705 |
|
---|
706 | <indexterm zone="postlfs-config-profile etc-dircolors-profile">
|
---|
707 | <primary sortas="e-AA.dircolors">~/.dircolors</primary>
|
---|
708 | </indexterm>
|
---|
709 |
|
---|
710 | <para>
|
---|
711 | If you want to use the <filename>dircolors</filename> capability, then
|
---|
712 | run the following command. The <filename class="directory">/etc/skel
|
---|
713 | </filename> setup steps shown above also can be used here to provide
|
---|
714 | a <filename>~/.dircolors</filename> file when a new user is set up.
|
---|
715 | As before, just change the output file name on the following command
|
---|
716 | and assure the permissions, owner, and group are correct on the files
|
---|
717 | created and/or copied.
|
---|
718 | </para>
|
---|
719 |
|
---|
720 | <screen role="root"><userinput>dircolors -p > /etc/dircolors</userinput></screen>
|
---|
721 |
|
---|
722 | <para>
|
---|
723 | If you wish to customize the colors used for different file types, you
|
---|
724 | can edit the <filename>/etc/dircolors</filename> file. The instructions
|
---|
725 | for setting the colors are embedded in the file.
|
---|
726 | </para>
|
---|
727 |
|
---|
728 |
|
---|
729 | <para>
|
---|
730 | Finally, Ian Macdonald has written an excellent collection of tips and
|
---|
731 | tricks to enhance your shell environment. You can read it online at
|
---|
732 | <ulink url="https://www.caliban.org/bash/index.shtml"/>.
|
---|
733 | </para>
|
---|
734 |
|
---|
735 | </sect2>
|
---|
736 |
|
---|
737 | </sect1>
|
---|