| 1 | <sect1 id="postlfs-config-skel">
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| 2 | <?dbhtml filename="skel.html" dir="postlfs"?>
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| 3 | <title>/etc/skel</title>
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| 4 |
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| 5 | <para>The <filename>/etc/skel</filename> directory is quite simple
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| 6 | to setup and use. It provides a way to make sure that all new users on
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| 7 | your LFS system begin with the same settings. The
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| 8 | <filename>/etc/skel</filename> directory is used by the
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| 9 | <filename>/usr/sbin/useradd</filename> program.</para>
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| 10 |
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| 11 | <para>For more information see <filename>man useradd</filename>.</para>
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| 12 |
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| 13 | <para>To get started create a <filename>/etc/skel</filename> directory.
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| 14 | Creating the directory as root is the best way to go. Next copy any
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| 15 | files into <filename>/etc/skel</filename> that you want every new user
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| 16 | to have placed in their home drive. Examples include
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| 17 | <filename>.bash_profile</filename>, <filename>.bashrc</filename>,
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| 18 | <filename>.bash_logout</filename>, <filename>dircolors</filename>,
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| 19 | <filename>.inputrc</filename>, and <filename>.vimrc</filename>.</para>
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| 20 |
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| 21 | <para>When creating a new user with
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| 22 | <filename>/usr/sbin/useradd</filename> use the <userinput>-m</userinput>
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| 23 | parameter. For example:</para>
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| 24 |
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| 25 | <para><screen>[prompt]#<userinput>useradd -m -s/bin/bash jwrober</userinput></screen></para>
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| 26 |
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| 27 | <para>The <filename>/usr/sbin/useradd</filename> program uses a
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| 28 | collection of default values. It will read them from the
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| 29 | <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> file if it exists. If the
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| 30 | file does not exist, then it uses some internal defaults. They can be
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| 31 | found by running <userinput>/usr/sbin/useradd -D</userinput>.</para>
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| 32 |
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| 33 | <para>To change these values to something new, create a base
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| 34 | <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> file with the same values as
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| 35 | the output of <userinput>/usr/sbin/useradd -D</userinput>. Here is a
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| 36 | sample.</para>
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| 37 |
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| 38 | <para><screen># Begin /etc/default/useradd
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| 39 |
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| 40 | GROUP=100
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| 41 | HOME=/home
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| 42 | INACTIVE=-1
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| 43 | EXPIRE=
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| 44 | SHELL=
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| 45 | SKEL=/etc/skel
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| 46 |
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| 47 | # End /etc/default/useradd</screen></para>
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| 48 |
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| 49 | <para>The only thing missing from the file is a default shell. Add that
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| 50 | by running:</para>
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| 51 |
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| 52 | <para><screen><userinput>/usr/sbin/useradd -D -s/bin/bash</userinput></screen></para>
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| 53 |
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| 54 | <para>This will set the <userinput>SHELL=</userinput> line to
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| 55 | <userinput>SHELL=/bin/bash</userinput>. This makes it even easier to
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| 56 | add new users to your LFS system. The
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| 57 | <filename>/usr/sbin/useradd</filename> has many parameters that can be
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| 58 | set in the <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> file. See the man
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| 59 | page for more details.</para>
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| 60 |
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| 61 | </sect1>
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