source: postlfs/filesystems/lvm2.xml@ 92ec951

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
   "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
  %general-entities;

  <!ENTITY lvm2-download-http "https://sourceware.org/ftp/lvm2/LVM2.&lvm2-version;.tgz">
  <!ENTITY lvm2-download-ftp  "ftp://sourceware.org/pub/lvm2/LVM2.&lvm2-version;.tgz">
  <!ENTITY lvm2-md5sum        "a97cf533222a5760225dbd26c3982ca6">
  <!ENTITY lvm2-size          "2.6 MB">
  <!ENTITY lvm2-buildsize     "38 MB (add 20 MB for tests; transient files can grow up to around 300 MB in the /tmp directory during tests)">
  <!-- My build size was 124 MB with tests, but I'll leave this here. -renodr
       The files in /tmp are transient. I monitor /tmp with a loop during
       tests. -pierre, August 2020

       Build size with tests was 58M.  The largest size of /tmp I saw was 289MB.
       ### 412 tests: 245 passed, 155 skipped, 0 timed out, 1 warned, 11 failed
       Aug 2023 LVM2.2.03.22 - bdubbs
       -->
  <!ENTITY lvm2-time          "0.1 SBU (using parallelism=4; add 9 to 48 SBU for tests, depending on disk speed and whether ram block device is enabled in the kernel)">
]>

<sect1 id="lvm2" xreflabel="LVM2-&lvm2-version;">
  <?dbhtml filename="lvm2.html"?>


  <title>LVM2-&lvm2-version;</title>

  <indexterm zone="lvm2">
    <primary sortas="a-LVM2">LVM2</primary>
  </indexterm>

  <sect2 role="package">
    <title>Introduction to LVM2</title>

    <para>
      The <application>LVM2</application> package is a set of tools that manage
      logical partitions. It allows spanning of file systems across multiple
      physical disks and disk partitions and provides for dynamic growing or
      shrinking of logical partitions, mirroring and low storage footprint
      snapshots.
    </para>

    &lfs120_checked;

    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
    <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&lvm2-download-http;"/>
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Download (FTP): <ulink url="&lvm2-download-ftp;"/>
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Download MD5 sum: &lvm2-md5sum;
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Download size: &lvm2-size;
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Estimated disk space required: &lvm2-buildsize;
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Estimated build time: &lvm2-time;
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">LVM2 Dependencies</bridgehead>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
    <para role="required">
      <xref linkend='libaio'/>
     </para>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
    <para role="optional">
      <xref linkend='mdadm'/>,
      <xref linkend='valgrind'/>,
      <xref linkend='which'/>,
      <xref linkend='xfsprogs'/> (all four may be used, but are not required,
        for tests),
      <ulink 
        url='https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/people/jeffm/reiserfsprogs/'>
        reiserfsprogs</ulink>,
      <ulink url='https://github.com/jthornber/thin-provisioning-tools'>
        thin-provisioning-tools</ulink>, and
        <ulink url="https://github.com/dm-vdo/vdo">vdo</ulink>
    </para>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="kernel" id="lvm2-kernel">
    <title>Kernel Configuration</title>

    <para>
      Enable the following options in the kernel configuration
      and recompile the kernel:
    </para>

    <note><para>
      There are several other Device Mapper options in the kernel beyond those
      listed below.  In order to get reasonable results if running the
      regression tests, all must be enabled either internally or as a module.
      The tests will all time out if Magic SysRq key is not enabled.
    </para></note>

    <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
      href="lvm2-kernel.xml"/>

    <indexterm zone="lvm2 lvm2-kernel">
      <primary sortas="d-lvm2">lvm2</primary>
    </indexterm>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="installation">
    <title>Installation of LVM2</title>

    <para>
      Install <application>LVM2</application> by running the following
      commands:
    </para>

<screen><userinput>PATH+=:/usr/sbin                \
./configure --prefix=/usr       \
            --enable-cmdlib     \
            --enable-pkgconfig  \
            --enable-udev_sync  &amp;&amp;
make</userinput></screen>

    <para>
      The tests use <application>udev</application> for logical volume
      synchronization, so the LVM udev rules and some utilities need to
      be installed before running the tests. If you are installing
      <application>LVM2</application> for the first time, and do not
      want to install the full package before running the tests, the minimal
      set of utilities can be installed by running the following instructions
      as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
    </para>

<screen role="root"
        remap="test"><userinput>make -C tools install_tools_dynamic &amp;&amp;
make -C udev  install               &amp;&amp;
make -C libdm install</userinput></screen>

    <para>
      To test the results, issue, as the
      <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
    </para>

<screen role="root"
        remap="test"><userinput>LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8 make check_local</userinput></screen>

    <para>
      Some tests may hang. In this case they can be skipped by adding
      <command>S=&lt;testname&gt;</command> to the <command>make</command>
      command.
      Other targets are available and can be listed with
      <command>make -C test help</command>. The test timings are very dependent
      on the speed of the disk(s), and on the number of enabled kernel options.
    </para>

    <!-- Results for LVM2.2.02.176:
    ### 292 tests: 177 passed, 46 skipped, 0 timed out, 60 warned, 9 failed

    Results for LVM2.2.03.01:
    ### 302 tests: 182 passed, 43 skipped, 0 timed out, 62 warned, 15 failed

    Results for LVM2.2.03.05:
    ### 326 tests: 255 passed, 58 skipped, 0 timed out, 2 warned, 11 failed

    Results for LVM2.2.03.09:
    ### 338 tests: 212 passed, 41 skipped, 0 timed out, 70 warned, 15 failed

    Results for LVM2.2.03.11:
    ### 357 tests: 231 passed, 32 skipped, 0 timed out, 77 warned, 17 failed

    Results for LVM2.2.03.14:
    ### 389 tests: 304 passed, 73 skipped, 0 timed out, 2 warned, 10 failed

    Results for LVM2.2.03.16:
    ### 395 tests: 241 passed, 145 skipped, 0 timed out, 1 warned, 8 failed

    Results for LVM2.2.03.17:
    ### 403 tests: 333 passed, 61 skipped, 0 timed out, 3 warned, 6 failed

    Results for LVM2.2.03.20 [pierre]:
    ### 407 tests: 324 passed, 75 skipped, 0 timed out, 3 warned, 5 failed
    -->

    <para>
      The tests do not implement the <quote>expected fail</quote> possibility,
      and a small number of test failures is expected by upstream.
      <!-- 1 -->More failures may happen because some kernel options are missing.
      For example, the lack of the <emphasis>dm-delay</emphasis> device
      mapper target  explains some failures.
      <!-- 2 -->Some tests may fail if there is insufficient free space available
      in the partition with the /tmp directory.  At least one test fails if 16 TB
      is not available.
      <!-- 3 -->Some tests are flagged  <quote>warned</quote> if
      <ulink url='https://github.com/jthornber/thin-provisioning-tools'>
      thin-provisioning-tools</ulink> are not installed. A workaround is to
      add the following flags to <command>configure</command>:
    </para>

<screen role="nodump"><userinput>     --with-thin-check=    \
     --with-thin-dump=     \
     --with-thin-repair=   \
     --with-thin-restore=  \
     --with-cache-check=   \
     --with-cache-dump=    \
     --with-cache-repair=  \
     --with-cache-restore= \</userinput></screen>

    <para>
      Some tests may hang. They can be removed if necessary, for example:
      <command>rm test/shell/lvconvert-raid-reshape.sh</command>. The tests
      generate a lot of kernel messages, which may clutter your terminal. You
      can disable them by issuing <command>dmesg -D</command> before running
      the tests (do not forget to issue <command>dmesg -E</command> when tests
      are done).

      <note><simpara>The checks create device nodes in the /tmp directory.  The
      tests will fail if /tmp is mounted with the nodev option.
      </simpara></note>
    </para>

    <para>
      Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
    </para>

<screen role="root" revision="sysv"><userinput>make install
rm -fv /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/69-dm-lvm.rules</userinput></screen>

<screen role="root" revision="systemd"><userinput>make install
make install_systemd_units</userinput></screen>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="commands">
    <title>Command Explanations</title>

    <para>
      <command>PATH+=:/usr/sbin</command>: The path
      must contain
      <filename class='directory'>/usr/sbin</filename> for proper system tool
      detection by the <command>configure</command> script. This instruction
      ensures that PATH is properly set even if you build as an unprivileged user.
    </para>

    <para>
      <parameter>--enable-cmdlib</parameter>: This switch enables
      building of the shared command library. It is required
      when building the event daemon.
    </para>

    <para>
      <parameter>--enable-pkgconfig</parameter>: This switch enables
      installation of <command>pkg-config</command> support files.
    </para>

    <para>
     <parameter>--enable-udev_sync</parameter>: This switch enables
      synchronisation with <application>Udev</application> processing.
    </para>

    <para>
      <option>--enable-dmeventd</option>: This switch enables
      building of the <application>Device Mapper</application>
      event daemon.
    </para>

    <para revision="sysv">
      <command>rm .../69-dm-lvm.rules</command>: Under certain circumstances,
      this udev rule calls <command>systemd-run</command>, which is not
      available on sysv. It performs actions that are done by another boot
      script anyway, so it is not needed.
    </para>

    <para revision="systemd">
      <command>make install_systemd_units</command>: This is needed to install
      a unit that activates logical volumes at boot. It is not installed
      by default.
    </para>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="configuration" revision="systemd">
    <title>Configuring LVM2</title>

    <sect3 id="lvm2-config">
      <title>Config File</title>
      <para>
        <filename>/etc/lvm/lvm.conf</filename>
      </para>

      <indexterm zone="lvm2 lvm2-config">
        <primary
        sortas="e-etc-lvm-lvm.conf">/etc/lvm/lvm.conf</primary>
      </indexterm>
    </sect3>

    <sect3><title>Configuration Information</title>
      <para>
        The default configuration still references the obsolete <filename
        class="directory">/var/lock</filename> directory. This creates
        a deadlock at boot time. Change this (as the <systemitem
        class="username">root</systemitem> user):
      </para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>sed -e '/locking_dir =/{s/#//;s/var/run/}' \
    -i /etc/lvm/lvm.conf</userinput></screen>

    </sect3>
  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="content">
    <title>Contents</title>

    <segmentedlist>
      <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
      <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
      <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>

      <seglistitem>
        <seg>
          blkdeactivate, dmeventd (optional), dmsetup, fsadm, lvm, lvmdump,
          and lvm_import_vdo.
          There are also numerous symbolic links to lvm that implement specific
          functionalities
        </seg>
        <seg>
          libdevmapper.so and liblvm2cmd.so; optional:
          libdevmapper-event.so, libdevmapper-event-lvm2.so,
          libdevmapper-event-lvm2mirror.so, libdevmapper-event-lvm2raid.so,
          libdevmapper-event-lvm2snapshot.so, libdevmapper-event-lvm2thin.so,
          and libdevmapper-event-lvm2vdo.so
        </seg>
        <seg>
          /etc/lvm and
          /usr/lib/device-mapper (optional)
        </seg>
      </seglistitem>
    </segmentedlist>

    <variablelist>
      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>

     <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>

      <varlistentry id="blkdeactivate">
        <term><command>blkdeactivate</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            is a utility to deactivate block devices
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="lvm2 blkdeactivate">
            <primary sortas="b-blkdeactivate">blkdeactivate</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="dmeventd">
        <term><command>dmeventd</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            (optional) is the Device Mapper event daemon
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="lvm2 dmeventd">
            <primary sortas="b-dmeventd">dmeventd</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="dmsetup">
        <term><command>dmsetup</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            is a low level logical volume management tool
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="lvm2 dmsetup">
            <primary sortas="b-dmsetup">dmsetup</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="fsadm">
        <term><command>fsadm</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            is a utility used to resize or check filesystem on a device
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="lvm2 fsadm">
            <primary sortas="b-fsadm">fsadm</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="lvm">
        <term><command>lvm</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            provides the command-line tools for <application>LVM2</application>.
            Commands are implemented via symbolic links to this program to
            manage physical devices (pv*), volume groups (vg*) and logical
            volumes (lv*)
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="lvm2 lvm">
            <primary sortas="b-lvm">lvm</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <!--
      <varlistentry id="lvmconf">
        <term><command>lvmconf</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            is a script that modifies the locking configuration in
            the <application>LVM2</application> configuration file.
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="lvm2 lvmconf">
            <primary sortas="b-lvmconf">lvmconf</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
      -->

      <varlistentry id="lvmdump">
        <term><command>lvmdump</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            is a tool used to dump various information concerning
            <application>LVM2</application>
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="lvm2 lvmdump">
            <primary sortas="b-lvmdump">lvmdump</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="vgimportclone">
        <term><command>vgimportclone</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            is used to import a duplicated VG (e.g. hardware snapshot)
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="lvm2 vgimportclone">
            <primary sortas="b-vgimportclone">vgimportclone</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="libdevmapper">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdevmapper.so</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            contains the <application>Device Mapper</application> API
            functions
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="lvm2 libdevmapper">
            <primary sortas="c-libdevmapper">libdevmapper.so</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

    </variablelist>

  </sect2>

</sect1>