source: postlfs/filesystems/ntfs-3g.xml@ 6716afc

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
   "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
  %general-entities;

  <!ENTITY ntfs-3g-download-http
           "https://tuxera.com/opensource/ntfs-3g_ntfsprogs-&ntfs-3g-version;.tgz">
  <!ENTITY ntfs-3g-download-ftp  " ">
  <!ENTITY ntfs-3g-md5sum        "a038af61be7584b79f8922ff11244090">
  <!ENTITY ntfs-3g-size          "1.3 MB">
  <!ENTITY ntfs-3g-buildsize     "22 MB">
  <!ENTITY ntfs-3g-time          "0.2 SBU">
]>

<sect1 id="ntfs-3g" xreflabel="ntfs-3g-&ntfs-3g-version;">
  <?dbhtml filename="ntfs-3g.html"?>


  <title>ntfs-3g-&ntfs-3g-version;</title>

  <indexterm zone="ntfs-3g">
    <primary sortas="a-ntfs-3g">ntfs-3g</primary>
  </indexterm>

  <sect2 role="package">
    <title>Introduction to Ntfs-3g</title>

    <note>
      <para id='ntfs3-kernel'>
        A new read-write driver for NTFS, called NTFS3, has been added
        into the Linux kernel since the 5.15 release. The performance of NTFS3
        is much better than ntfs-3g. To enable NTFS3, enable the following
        options in the kernel configuration and recompile the kernel if
        necessary:
      </para>

<screen><literal>File systems  ---&gt;
  DOS/FAT/EXFAT/NT Filesystems  ---&gt;
    &lt;*/M&gt; NTFS Read-Write file system support [CONFIG_NTFS3_FS]</literal></screen>

    <indexterm zone="ntfs-3g ntfs3-kernel">
      <primary sortas="d-ntfs3">NTFS read-write support in kernel</primary>
    </indexterm>

      <para>
        To ensure the <command>mount</command> command uses NTFS3 for
        ntfs partitions, create a wrapper script:
      </para>

<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt; /usr/sbin/mount.ntfs &lt;&lt; "EOF" &amp;&amp;
<literal>#!/bin/sh
exec mount -t ntfs3 "$@"</literal>
EOF
chmod -v 755 /usr/sbin/mount.ntfs</userinput></screen>

      <para>
        With the kernel support available, ntfs-3g is only needed if you
        need the utilities from it (for example, to create NTFS
        filesystems).
      </para>
    </note>

    <para>
      The <application>Ntfs-3g</application> package contains a stable,
      read-write open source driver for NTFS partitions. NTFS partitions are
      used by most Microsoft operating systems. Ntfs-3g allows you to mount
      NTFS partitions in read-write mode from your Linux system. It uses the
      FUSE kernel module to be able to implement NTFS support in userspace.
      The package also contains various utilities useful for manipulating NTFS
      partitions.
    </para>

    &lfs113_checked;

    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
    <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&ntfs-3g-download-http;"/>
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Download (FTP): <ulink url="&ntfs-3g-download-ftp;"/>
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Download MD5 sum: &ntfs-3g-md5sum;
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Download size: &ntfs-3g-size;
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Estimated disk space required: &ntfs-3g-buildsize;
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          Estimated build time: &ntfs-3g-time;
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Ntfs-3g Dependencies</bridgehead>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
    <para role="optional">
      <ulink url="https://github.com/libfuse/libfuse">fuse 2.x</ulink>
         (this disables user mounts)
    </para>

    <para condition="html" role="usernotes">
      User Notes: <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/ntfs-3g"/>
    </para>
  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="kernel" id="ntfs-3g-kernel">
    <title>Kernel Configuration</title>

    <para>
      Enable the following options in the kernel configuration and recompile the
      kernel if necessary:
    </para>

<screen><literal>File systems  ---&gt;
  &lt;*/M&gt; FUSE (Filesystem in Userspace) support [CONFIG_FUSE_FS]</literal></screen>

    <indexterm zone="ntfs-3g ntfs-3g-kernel">
      <primary sortas="d-ntfs-3g">ntfs-3g</primary>
    </indexterm>
  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="installation">
    <title>Installation of Ntfs-3g</title>

<!--
    <para>
      First, adapt <application>Ntfs-3g</application> to the merged-/usr
      changes:
    </para>

<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i 's|/sbin|$(rootsbindir)|' {ntfsprogs,src}/Makefile.in</userinput></screen>
-->

    <para>
      Install <application>Ntfs-3g</application> by running the following
      commands:
    </para>

<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr        \
            --disable-static     \
            --with-fuse=internal \
            --docdir=/usr/share/doc/ntfs-3g-&ntfs-3g-version; &amp;&amp;
make</userinput></screen>

    <para>
      This package does not come with a test suite.
    </para>

    <para>
      Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
    </para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>make install &amp;&amp;</userinput></screen>

    <para>
      It's recommended to use the in-kernel NTFS3 driver for mounting
      NTFS filesystems, instead of ntfs-3g (see the note at the start of
      this page).  However, if you want to use ntfs-3g to mount the NTFS
      filesystems anyway, create a symlink for the <command>mount</command>
      command:
    </para>

<screen role="nodump"><userinput>ln -sv ../bin/ntfs-3g /usr/sbin/mount.ntfs &amp;&amp;
ln -sv ntfs-3g.8 /usr/share/man/man8/mount.ntfs.8</userinput></screen>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="commands">
    <title>Command Explanations</title>

    <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
      href="../../xincludes/static-libraries.xml"/>
<!--
    <para>
      <command>patch -Np1 -i ...</command>: This command applies a security
      patch from upstream to fix ntfs-3g on systems that use setuid for the
      executable.
    </para>
-->

    <para>
      <parameter>--with-fuse=internal</parameter>: This switch dynamically
      forces <application>ntfs-3g</application> to use an internal copy of the
      <application>fuse-2.x</application> library. This is required if you wish
      to allow users to mount NTFS partitions.
    </para>

    <para>
      <option>--disable-ntfsprogs</option>: Disables installation of various
      utilities used to manipulate NTFS partitions.
    </para>

    <para>
      <command>chmod -v 4755 /usr/bin/ntfs-3g</command>: Making mount.ntfs setuid
      root allows non root users to mount NTFS partitions.
    </para>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="configuration">
    <title>Using Ntfs-3g</title>

    <para>
      To mount a Windows partition at boot time, put a line like this in
      /etc/fstab:
    </para>

    <screen>/dev/sda1 /mnt/windows auto defaults 0 0</screen>

    <para>
      To allow users to mount a usb stick with an NTFS filesystem on it, put a
      line similar to this (change sdc1 to whatever a usb stick would be on your
      system) in /etc/fstab:
    </para>

    <screen>/dev/sdc1 /mnt/usb auto user,noauto,umask=0,utf8 0 0</screen>

    <para>
      In order for a user to be able to mount the usb stick, they will need
      to be able to write to <filename class="directory">/mnt/usb</filename>,
      so as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
    </para>

<screen role="nodump"><userinput>chmod -v 777 /mnt/usb</userinput></screen>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="content">
    <title>Contents</title>

    <segmentedlist>
      <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
      <segtitle>Installed Library</segtitle>
      <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>

      <seglistitem>
        <seg>
          lowntfs-3g, mkfs.ntfs, mkntfs, mount.lowntfs-3g,
          mount.ntfs, mount.ntfs-3g, ntfs-3g, ntfs-3g.probe,
          ntfscat, ntfsclone, ntfscluster, ntfscmp, ntfscp, ntfsfix,
          ntfsinfo, ntfslabel, ntfsls, ntfsresize and
          ntfsundelete
        </seg>
        <seg>
          libntfs-3g.so
        </seg>
        <seg>
          /usr/include/ntfs-3g and
          /usr/share/doc/ntfs-3g
        </seg>
      </seglistitem>
    </segmentedlist>

    <variablelist>
      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
      <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>

      <varlistentry id="lowntfs-3g">
        <term><command>lowntfs-3g</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            is similar to ntfs-3g but uses the Fuse low-level interface
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ntfs-3g lowntfs-3g">
            <primary sortas="b-lowntfs-3g">lowntfs-3g</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="mkfs.ntfs">
        <term><command>mkfs.ntfs</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            is a symlink to mkntfs
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ntfs-3g mkfs.ntfs">
            <primary sortas="b-mkfs.ntfs">mkfs.ntfs</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="mkntfs">
        <term><command>mkntfs</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            creates an NTFS file system
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ntfs-3g mkntfs">
            <primary sortas="b-mkntfs">mkntfs</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="mount.lowntfs-3g">
        <term><command>mount.lowntfs-3g</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            is a symlink to lowntfs-3g
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ntfs-3g mount.lowntfs-3g">
            <primary sortas="b-mount.lowntfs-3g">mount.lowntfs-3g</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="mount.ntfs">
        <term><command>mount.ntfs</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            mounts an NTFS filesystem
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ntfs-3g mount.ntfs">
            <primary sortas="b-mount.ntfs">mount.ntfs</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="mount.ntfs-3g">
        <term><command>mount.ntfs-3g</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            is a symbolic link to ntfs-3g
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ntfs-3g mount.ntfs-3g">
            <primary sortas="b-mount.ntfs-3g">mount.ntfs-3g</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="ntfs-3g-prog">
        <term><command>ntfs-3g</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            is an NTFS driver, which can create, remove, rename, move
            files, directories, hard links, and streams. It can also read and write
            files, including streams, sparse files and transparently compressed
            files. It can also handle special files like symbolic links, devices, and
            FIFOs; moreover it provides standard management of file ownership
            and permissions, including POSIX ACLs
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ntfs-3g ntfs-3g-prog">
            <primary sortas="b-ntfs-3g">ntfs-3g</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="ntfs-3g.probe">
        <term><command>ntfs-3g.probe</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            tests if an NTFS volume is mountable read only or read-write, and
            exits with a status value accordingly. The volume can be a block
            device or image file
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ntfs-3g ntfs-3g.probe">
            <primary sortas="b-ntfs-3g.probe">ntfs-3g.probe</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

<!-- Not present in 2021.8.22
      <varlistentry id="ntfs-3g.secaudit">
        <term><command>ntfs-3g.secaudit</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            audits NTFS Security Data
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ntfs-3g ntfs-3g.secaudit">
            <primary sortas="b-ntfs-3g.secaudit">ntfs-3g.secaudit</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="ntfs-3g.usermap">
        <term><command>ntfs-3g.usermap</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            creates the file defining the mapping of Windows accounts to Linux
            logins for users who owns files which should be visible from both
            Windows and Linux
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ntfs-3g ntfs-3g.usermap">
            <primary sortas="b-ntfs-3g.usermap">ntfs-3g.usermap</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
-->

      <varlistentry id="ntfscluster">
        <term><command>ntfscluster</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            identifies files in a specified region of an NTFS volume
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ntfs-3g ntfscluster">
            <primary sortas="b-ntfscluster">ntfscluster</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="ntfscp">
        <term><command>ntfscp</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            copies a file to an NTFS volume
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ntfs-3g ntfscp">
            <primary sortas="b-ntfscp">ntfscp</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="ntfsfix">
        <term><command>ntfsfix</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            fixes common errors and forces Windows to check an NTFS partition
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ntfs-3g ntfsfix">
            <primary sortas="b-ntfsfix">ntfsfix</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="ntfsls">
        <term><command>ntfsls</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            lists directory contents on an NTFS filesystem
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ntfs-3g ntfsls">
            <primary sortas="b-ntfsls">ntfsls</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="ntfscat">
        <term><command>ntfscat</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            prints NTFS files and streams on the standard output
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ntfs-3g ntfscat">
            <primary sortas="b-ntfscat">ntfscat</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="ntfsclone">
        <term><command>ntfsclone</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            clones an NTFS filesystem
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ntfs-3g ntfsclone">
            <primary sortas="b-ntfsclone">ntfsclone</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="ntfscmp">
        <term><command>ntfscmp</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            compares two NTFS filesystems and shows the differences
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ntfs-3g ntfscmp">
            <primary sortas="b-ntfscmp">ntfscmp</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="ntfsinfo">
        <term><command>ntfsinfo</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            dumps a file's attributes
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ntfs-3g ntfsinfo">
            <primary sortas="b-ntfsinfo">ntfsinfo</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="ntfslabel">
        <term><command>ntfslabel</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            displays or changes the label on an ntfs file system
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ntfs-3g ntfslabel">
            <primary sortas="b-ntfslabel">ntfslabel</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="ntfsresize">
        <term><command>ntfsresize</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            resizes an NTFS filesystem without data loss
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ntfs-3g ntfsresize">
            <primary sortas="b-ntfsresize">ntfsresize</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="ntfsundelete">
        <term><command>ntfsundelete</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            recovers a deleted file from an NTFS volume
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ntfs-3g ntfsundelete">
            <primary sortas="b-ntfsundelete">ntfsundelete</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="libntfs-3g">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libntfs-3g.so</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            contains the Ntfs-3g API functions
          </para>
          <indexterm zone="ntfs-3g libntfs-3g">
            <primary sortas="c-libntfs-3g">libntfs-3g.so</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>
  </sect2>

</sect1>