[c9b953e6] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 |
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| 7 | <!ENTITY certhost "http://mxr.mozilla.org">
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| 8 | <!ENTITY certdir "/mozilla/source/security/nss/lib/ckfw/builtins">
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| 9 | <!ENTITY ca-bundle-download "&certhost;&certdir;/certdata.txt?raw=1">
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| 10 | <!ENTITY ca-bundle-size "1.2 MB">
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| 11 | <!ENTITY cacerts-buildsize "1.2 MB">
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| 12 | <!ENTITY cacerts-time "less than 0.1 SBU">
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| 13 | ]>
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| 14 |
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| 15 | <sect1 id="cacerts" xreflabel="Certificate Authority Certificates">
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| 16 | <?dbhtml filename="cacerts.html"?>
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| 17 |
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| 18 | <sect1info>
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| 19 | <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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| 20 | <date>$Date$</date>
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| 21 | </sect1info>
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| 22 |
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| 23 | <title>Certificate Authority Certificates</title>
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| 24 |
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| 25 | <para>The Public Key Inrastructure is used for many security issues in a
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| 26 | Linux system. In order for a certificate to be trusted, it must be signed by
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| 27 | a trusted agent called a Certificate Authority (CA). The certificates loaded
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| 28 | by this section are from the list on the Mozilla version control system and
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| 29 | formats it into a form used by <xref linkend='openssl'/>. The certificates
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| 30 | can also be used by other applications either directly of indirectly through
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| 31 | <application>openssl</application>.</para>
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| 32 |
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| 33 | &lfs70_checked;
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| 34 |
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| 35 | <indexterm zone="cacerts">
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| 36 | <primary sortas="a-cacerts">Certificate Authority Certificates</primary>
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| 37 | </indexterm>
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| 38 |
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| 39 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 40 | <title>Introduction to Certificate Authorities</title>
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| 41 |
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| 42 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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| 43 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 44 | <listitem>
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| 45 | <para>CA Certificate Download: <ulink url="&ca-bundle-download;"/></para>
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| 46 | </listitem>
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| 47 | <listitem>
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| 48 | <para>CA Bundle size: &ca-bundle-size;</para>
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| 49 | </listitem>
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| 50 | <listitem>
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| 51 | <para>Estimated disk space required: &cacerts-buildsize;</para>
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| 52 | </listitem>
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| 53 | <listitem>
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| 54 | <para>Estimated build time: &cacerts-time;</para>
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| 55 | </listitem>
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| 56 | </itemizedlist>
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| 57 |
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| 58 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Certificate Authority Certificates Dependencies</bridgehead>
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| 59 |
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| 60 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
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[afc3f45] | 61 | <para role="required"><xref linkend="openssl"/></para>
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| 62 |
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| 63 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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| 64 | <para role="optional"><xref linkend="wget"/></para>
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[c9b953e6] | 65 |
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| 66 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
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| 67 | <ulink url='&blfs-wiki;/cacerts'/></para>
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| 68 | </sect2>
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| 69 |
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| 70 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 71 | <title>Installation of Certificate Authority Certificates</title>
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| 72 |
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| 73 | <para>First create a script to reformat a certificate into a
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| 74 | form needed by <application>openssl</application>. As the <systemitem
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| 75 | class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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| 76 |
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| 77 | <screen><userinput>cat > /bin/make-cert.pl << "EOF"
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| 78 | #!/usr/bin/perl -w
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| 79 |
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| 80 | # Used to generate PEM encoded files from Mozilla certdata.txt.
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| 81 | # Run as ./mkcrt.pl > certificate.crt
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| 82 | #
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| 83 | # Parts of this script courtesy of RedHat (mkcabundle.pl)
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| 84 | #
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| 85 | # This script modified for use with single file data (tempfile.cer) extracted
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| 86 | # from certdata.txt, taken from the latest version in the Mozilla NSS source.
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| 87 | # mozilla/security/nss/lib/ckfw/builtins/certdata.txt
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| 88 | #
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| 89 | # Authors: DJ Lucas
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| 90 | # Bruce Dubbs
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| 91 |
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| 92 | my $certdata = './tempfile.cer';
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| 93 |
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| 94 | open( IN, "cat $certdata|" )
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| 95 | || die "could not open $certdata";
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| 96 |
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| 97 | my $incert = 0;
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| 98 |
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| 99 | while ( <IN> )
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| 100 | {
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| 101 | if ( /^CKA_VALUE MULTILINE_OCTAL/ )
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| 102 | {
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| 103 | $incert = 1;
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| 104 | open( OUT, "|openssl x509 -text -inform DER -fingerprint" )
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| 105 | || die "could not pipe to openssl x509";
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| 106 | }
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| 107 |
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| 108 | elsif ( /^END/ && $incert )
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| 109 | {
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| 110 | close( OUT );
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| 111 | $incert = 0;
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| 112 | print "\n\n";
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| 113 | }
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| 114 |
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| 115 | elsif ($incert)
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| 116 | {
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| 117 | my @bs = split( /\\/ );
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| 118 | foreach my $b (@bs)
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| 119 | {
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| 120 | chomp $b;
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| 121 | printf( OUT "%c", oct($b) ) unless $b eq '';
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| 122 | }
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| 123 | }
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| 124 | }
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| 125 | EOF
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| 126 |
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| 127 | chmod +x /bin/make-cert.pl</userinput></screen>
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| 128 |
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| 129 | <para>The following script creates the certificates and a bundle of all the
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| 130 | certificates. It creates a <filename class='directory'>./certs</filename>
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| 131 | directory and <filename>./BLFS-ca-bundle-${VERSION}.crt</filename>. Again
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| 132 | create this script as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
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| 133 | user:</para>
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| 134 |
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[f216c56] | 135 | <screen><userinput>cat > /bin/make-ca.sh << "EOF"
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[c9b953e6] | 136 | #!/bin/bash
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| 137 | # Begin make-ca.sh
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| 138 | # Script to populate OpenSSL's CApath from a bundle of PEM formatted CAs
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| 139 | #
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| 140 | # The file certdata.txt must exist in the local directory
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| 141 | # Version number is obtained from the version of the data.
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| 142 | #
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| 143 | # Authors: DJ Lucas
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| 144 | # Bruce Dubbs
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| 145 |
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| 146 | certdata="certdata.txt"
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| 147 |
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| 148 | if [ ! -r $certdata ]; then
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| 149 | echo "$certdata must be in the local directory"
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| 150 | exit 1
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| 151 | fi
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| 152 |
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| 153 | REVISION=$(grep CVS_ID $certdata | cut -f4 -d'$')
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| 154 |
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| 155 | if [ -z "${REVISION}" ]; then
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| 156 | echo "$certfile has no 'Revision' in CVS_ID"
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| 157 | exit 1
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| 158 | fi
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| 159 |
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| 160 | VERSION=$(echo $REVISION | cut -f2 -d" ")
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| 161 |
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| 162 | TEMPDIR=$(mktemp -d)
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| 163 | TRUSTATTRIBUTES="CKA_TRUST_SERVER_AUTH"
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| 164 | BUNDLE="BLFS-ca-bundle-${VERSION}.crt"
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| 165 | CONVERTSCRIPT="make-cert.pl"
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| 166 | SSLDIR="/etc/ssl"
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| 167 |
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| 168 | mkdir "${TEMPDIR}/certs"
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| 169 |
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| 170 | # Get a list of staring lines for each cert
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| 171 | CERTBEGINLIST=$(grep -n "^# Certificate" "${certdata}" | cut -d ":" -f1)
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| 172 |
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| 173 | # Get a list of ending lines for each cert
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| 174 | CERTENDLIST=`grep -n "^CKA_TRUST_STEP_UP_APPROVED" "${certdata}" | cut -d ":" -f 1`
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| 175 |
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| 176 | # Start a loop
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| 177 | for certbegin in ${CERTBEGINLIST}; do
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| 178 | for certend in ${CERTENDLIST}; do
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| 179 | if test "${certend}" -gt "${certbegin}"; then
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| 180 | break
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| 181 | fi
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| 182 | done
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| 183 |
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| 184 | # Dump to a temp file with the name of the file as the beginning line number
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| 185 | sed -n "${certbegin},${certend}p" "${certdata}" > "${TEMPDIR}/certs/${certbegin}.tmp"
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| 186 | done
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| 187 |
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| 188 | unset CERTBEGINLIST CERTDATA CERTENDLIST certebegin certend
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| 189 |
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| 190 | mkdir -p certs
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| 191 | rm certs/* # Make sure the directory is clean
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| 192 |
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| 193 | for tempfile in ${TEMPDIR}/certs/*.tmp; do
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| 194 | # Make sure that the cert is trusted...
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| 195 | grep "CKA_TRUST_SERVER_AUTH" "${tempfile}" | \
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| 196 | grep "CKT_NETSCAPE_TRUST_UNKNOWN" > /dev/null
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| 197 |
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| 198 | if test "${?}" = "0"; then
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| 199 | # Throw a meaningful error and remove the file
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| 200 | cp "${tempfile}" tempfile.cer
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| 201 | "${CONVERTSCRIPT}" > tempfile.crt
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| 202 | keyhash=$(openssl x509 -noout -in tempfile.crt -hash)
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| 203 | echo "Certificate ${keyhash} is not trusted! Removing..."
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| 204 | rm -f tempfile.cer tempfile.crt "${tempfile}"
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| 205 | continue
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| 206 | fi
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| 207 |
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| 208 | # If execution made it to here in the loop, the temp cert is trusted
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| 209 | # Find the cert data and generate a cert file for it
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| 210 |
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| 211 | cp "${tempfile}" tempfile.cer
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| 212 | "${CONVERTSCRIPT}" > tempfile.crt
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| 213 | keyhash=$(openssl x509 -noout -in tempfile.crt -hash)
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| 214 | mv tempfile.crt "certs/${keyhash}.pem"
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| 215 | rm -f tempfile.cer "${tempfile}"
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| 216 | echo "Created ${keyhash}.pem"
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| 217 | done
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| 218 |
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| 219 | # Remove blacklisted files
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| 220 | # MD5 Collision Proof of Concept CA
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| 221 | if test -f certs/8f111d69.pem; then
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| 222 | echo "Certificate 8f111d69 is not trusted! Removing..."
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| 223 | rm -f certs/8f111d69.pem
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| 224 | fi
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| 225 |
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| 226 | # Finally, generate the bundle and clean up.
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| 227 | cat certs/*.pem > ${BUNDLE}
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| 228 | rm -r "${TEMPDIR}"
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| 229 | EOF
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| 230 |
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| 231 | chmod +x /bin/make-ca.sh</userinput></screen>
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| 232 |
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[f216c56] | 233 | <para>Add a short script to remove expired certifictes from a directory.
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| 234 | Again create this script as the <systemitem
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| 235 | class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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| 236 |
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| 237 | <screen><userinput>cat > /bin/remove-expired-certs.sh << "EOF"
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| 238 | #!/bin/bash
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| 239 | # Begin /bin/remove-expired-certs.sh
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| 240 |
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| 241 | OPENSSL=/usr/bin/openssl
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| 242 | DIR=/etc/ssl/certs
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| 243 |
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| 244 | if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then
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| 245 | DIR="$1"
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| 246 | fi
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| 247 |
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| 248 | certs=$( find ${DIR} -type f -name "*.pem" -o -name "*.crt" )
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| 249 | today=$( date +%Y%m%d )
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| 250 |
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| 251 | for cert in $certs; do
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| 252 | notafter=$( $OPENSSL x509 -enddate -in "${cert}" -noout )
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| 253 | date=$( echo ${notafter} | sed 's/^notAfter=//' )
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| 254 |
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| 255 | if [ $( date -d "${date}" +%Y%m%d ) -lt ${today} ]; then
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| 256 | echo "${cert} is expired! Removing..."
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| 257 | rm -f "${cert}"
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| 258 | fi
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| 259 | done
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| 260 | EOF
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| 261 |
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| 262 | chmod +x /bin/remove-expired-certs.sh</userinput></screen>
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| 263 |
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[c9b953e6] | 264 | <para>The following commands will fetch the certificates and convert them to
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| 265 | the correct format. If desired, a web browser may be used instead of
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| 266 | <application>wget</application> but the file will need to be saved with the
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| 267 | name <filename>certdata.txt</filename>. These commands can be repeated as
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| 268 | necessary to update the CA Certificates.</para>
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| 269 |
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| 270 | <screen><userinput>certhost='http://mxr.mozilla.org' &&
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| 271 | certdir='/mozilla/source/security/nss/lib/ckfw/builtins' &&
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| 272 | url="$certhost$certdir/certdata.txt?raw=1" &&
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| 273 |
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| 274 | wget --output-document certdata.txt $url &&
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| 275 | unset certhost certdir url &&
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[f216c56] | 276 | make-ca.sh &&
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| 277 | remove-expired-certs.sh certs</userinput></screen>
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[c9b953e6] | 278 |
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| 279 | <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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| 280 |
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[f216c56] | 281 | <screen><userinput>SSLDIR=/etc/ssl &&
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| 282 | install -d ${SSLDIR}/certs &&
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| 283 | cp -v certs/*.pem ${SSLDIR}/certs &&
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| 284 | c_rehash &&
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| 285 | install BLFS-ca-bundle*.crt ${SSLDIR}/ca-bundle.crt &&
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| 286 | unset SSLDIR</userinput></screen>
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[c9b953e6] | 287 |
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| 288 | <para>Finally, clean up the current directory:</para>
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| 289 |
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| 290 | <screen><userinput>rm -r certs BLFS-ca-bundle*</userinput></screen>
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| 291 |
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| 292 | </sect2>
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| 293 |
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| 294 | <sect2 role="content">
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| 295 | <title>Contents</title>
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| 296 |
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| 297 | <segmentedlist>
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| 298 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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| 299 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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| 300 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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| 301 |
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| 302 | <seglistitem>
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[f216c56] | 303 | <seg>make-ca.sh, make-cert.pl and remove-expired-certs.sh</seg>
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[c9b953e6] | 304 | <seg>None</seg>
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| 305 | <seg>/etc/ssl/certs</seg>
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| 306 | </seglistitem>
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| 307 | </segmentedlist>
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| 308 |
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| 309 | <variablelist>
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| 310 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 311 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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| 312 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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| 313 |
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| 314 | <varlistentry id="make-ca">
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| 315 | <term><command>make-ca.sh</command></term>
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| 316 | <listitem>
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| 317 | <para>is a <application>bash</application> script that reformats
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| 318 | the <filename>certdata.txt</filename> file for use by
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| 319 | <application>openssl</application>.</para>
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| 320 | <indexterm zone="cacerts make-ca">
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| 321 | <primary sortas="b-make-ca">make-ca</primary>
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| 322 | </indexterm>
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| 323 | </listitem>
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| 324 | </varlistentry>
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| 325 |
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| 326 | <varlistentry id="make-cert">
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| 327 | <term><command>make-cert.pl</command></term>
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| 328 | <listitem>
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| 329 | <para>is a utility <application>perl</application> script that
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| 330 | converts a single binary certificate (.der format) into .pem format.</para>
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| 331 | <indexterm zone="cacerts make-cert">
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| 332 | <primary sortas="b-make-cert">make-cert</primary>
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| 333 | </indexterm>
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| 334 | </listitem>
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| 335 | </varlistentry>
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[f216c56] | 336 |
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| 337 | <varlistentry id="remove-expired-certs">
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| 338 | <term><command>remove-expired-certs.sh</command></term>
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| 339 | <listitem>
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| 340 | <para>is a utility <application>perl</application> script that
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| 341 | removed expired certificates fom a directory. The defaut
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| 342 | directory is <filename class='directory'>/etc/ssl/ceerts</filename>.</para>
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| 343 | <indexterm zone="cacerts remove-expired-certs">
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| 344 | <primary sortas="b-remove-expired-certs">remove-expired-certs</primary>
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| 345 | </indexterm>
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| 346 | </listitem>
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| 347 | </varlistentry>
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[c9b953e6] | 348 | </variablelist>
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| 349 |
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| 350 | </sect2>
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| 351 | </sect1>
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