[b4b71892] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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[6732c094] | 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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[b4b71892] | 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 |
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[1b6c879] | 7 | <!ENTITY cracklib-url "https://github.com/cracklib/cracklib/releases/download">
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[9912ce81] | 8 |
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[1b6c879] | 9 | <!ENTITY cracklib-download-http "&cracklib-url;/v&cracklib-version;/cracklib-&cracklib-version;.tar.bz2">
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[306fb0e] | 10 | <!ENTITY cracklib-download-ftp " ">
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[5cd7055] | 11 | <!ENTITY cracklib-md5sum "0d68de25332cee5660850528a385427f">
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| 12 | <!ENTITY cracklib-size "592 KB">
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| 13 | <!ENTITY cracklib-buildsize "4.2 MB">
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[9912ce81] | 14 | <!ENTITY cracklib-time "less than 0.1 SBU">
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[1f4d911] | 15 |
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[a754697b] | 16 | <!ENTITY crackdict-download "&cracklib-url;/v&cracklib-version;/cracklib-words-&cracklib-version;.bz2">
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[5cd7055] | 17 | <!ENTITY crackdict-size "6.7 MB">
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| 18 | <!ENTITY crackdict-md5sum "94e9963e4786294f7fb0f2efd7618551">
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[b4b71892] | 19 | ]>
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| 20 |
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[8b1b2dc7] | 21 | <sect1 id="cracklib" xreflabel="CrackLib-&cracklib-version;">
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[9623b6e8] | 22 | <?dbhtml filename="cracklib.html"?>
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| 23 |
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| 24 | <sect1info>
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| 25 | <date>$Date$</date>
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| 26 | </sect1info>
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| 27 |
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[8b1b2dc7] | 28 | <title>CrackLib-&cracklib-version;</title>
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[9623b6e8] | 29 |
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| 30 | <indexterm zone="cracklib">
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[8b1b2dc7] | 31 | <primary sortas="a-CrackLib">CrackLib</primary>
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[9623b6e8] | 32 | </indexterm>
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| 33 |
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| 34 | <sect2 role="package">
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[8b1b2dc7] | 35 | <title>Introduction to CrackLib</title>
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[9623b6e8] | 36 |
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[47274444] | 37 | <para>
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| 38 | The <application>CrackLib</application> package contains a
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| 39 | library used to enforce strong passwords by comparing user selected
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| 40 | passwords to words in chosen word lists.
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| 41 | </para>
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[9623b6e8] | 42 |
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[88fdf09] | 43 | &lfs110a_checked;
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[5f4181d] | 44 |
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[9623b6e8] | 45 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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| 46 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 47 | <listitem>
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[47274444] | 48 | <para>
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| 49 | Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&cracklib-download-http;"/>
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| 50 | </para>
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[9623b6e8] | 51 | </listitem>
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| 52 | <listitem>
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[47274444] | 53 | <para>
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| 54 | Download (FTP): <ulink url="&cracklib-download-ftp;"/>
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| 55 | </para>
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[9623b6e8] | 56 | </listitem>
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| 57 | <listitem>
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[47274444] | 58 | <para>
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| 59 | Download MD5 sum: &cracklib-md5sum;
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| 60 | </para>
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[9623b6e8] | 61 | </listitem>
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| 62 | <listitem>
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[47274444] | 63 | <para>
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| 64 | Download size: &cracklib-size;
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| 65 | </para>
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[9623b6e8] | 66 | </listitem>
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| 67 | <listitem>
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[47274444] | 68 | <para>
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| 69 | Estimated disk space required: &cracklib-buildsize;
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| 70 | </para>
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[9623b6e8] | 71 | </listitem>
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| 72 | <listitem>
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[47274444] | 73 | <para>
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| 74 | Estimated build time: &cracklib-time;
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| 75 | </para>
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[9623b6e8] | 76 | </listitem>
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| 77 | </itemizedlist>
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| 78 |
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| 79 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
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[8f1699f2] | 80 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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[9623b6e8] | 81 | <listitem>
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[47274444] | 82 | <para>
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| 83 | Recommended word list for English-speaking countries (size:
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| 84 | &crackdict-size;; md5sum: &crackdict-md5sum;):
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| 85 | <ulink url="&crackdict-download;"/>
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| 86 | </para>
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[22861b3] | 87 | </listitem>
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[9623b6e8] | 88 | </itemizedlist>
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| 89 |
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[47274444] | 90 | <para>
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| 91 | There are additional word lists available for download, e.g., from
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| 92 | <ulink url="http://www.cotse.com/tools/wordlists.htm"/>.
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| 93 | <application>CrackLib</application> can utilize as many, or as few word
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| 94 | lists you choose to install.
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| 95 | </para>
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[62494cc] | 96 |
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[22861b3] | 97 | <important>
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[47274444] | 98 | <para>
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| 99 | Users tend to base their passwords on regular words of the spoken
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| 100 | language, and crackers know that. <application>CrackLib</application>
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| 101 | is intended to filter out such bad passwords at the source using a
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| 102 | dictionary created from word lists. To accomplish this, the word
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| 103 | list(s) for use with <application>CrackLib</application> must be an
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| 104 | exhaustive list of words and word-based keystroke combinations likely
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| 105 | to be chosen by users of the system as (guessable) passwords.
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| 106 | </para>
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| 107 |
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| 108 | <para>
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| 109 | The default word list recommended above for downloading mostly
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| 110 | satisfies this role in English-speaking countries. In other situations,
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| 111 | it may be necessary to download (or even create) additional word lists.
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| 112 | </para>
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| 113 |
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| 114 | <para>
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| 115 | Note that word lists suitable for spell-checking are not usable
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| 116 | as <application>CrackLib</application> word lists in countries with
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| 117 | non-Latin based alphabets, because of <quote>word-based keystroke
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| 118 | combinations</quote> that make bad passwords.
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| 119 | </para>
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[22861b3] | 120 | </important>
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[5156197] | 121 |
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[3597eb6] | 122 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
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[8f1699f2] | 123 | <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/cracklib"/>
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| 124 | </para>
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[9623b6e8] | 125 | </sect2>
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| 126 |
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| 127 | <sect2 role="installation">
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[8b1b2dc7] | 128 | <title>Installation of CrackLib</title>
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[4f65b2f] | 129 |
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[47274444] | 130 | <para>
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| 131 | Install <application>CrackLib</application> by running the following
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| 132 | commands:
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| 133 | </para>
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[b4b71892] | 134 |
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[806e763] | 135 | <screen><userinput>sed -i '/skipping/d' util/packer.c &&
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| 136 |
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[0f0dc82] | 137 | PYTHON=python3 CPPFLAGS=-I/usr/include/python&python3-majorver; \
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[806e763] | 138 | ./configure --prefix=/usr \
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| 139 | --disable-static \
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[2eb2948] | 140 | --with-default-dict=/usr/lib/cracklib/pw_dict &&
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[8b1b2dc7] | 141 | make</userinput></screen>
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[b4b71892] | 142 |
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[47274444] | 143 | <para>
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| 144 | Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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| 145 | </para>
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[9623b6e8] | 146 |
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[2eb2948] | 147 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
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[22861b3] | 148 |
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[47274444] | 149 | <para>
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| 150 | Issue the following commands as the
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| 151 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user to install the
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| 152 | recommended word list and create the <application>CrackLib</application>
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| 153 | dictionary. Other word lists (text based, one word per line) can also be
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| 154 | used by simply installing them into
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| 155 | <filename class="directory">/usr/share/dict</filename> and adding them
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| 156 | to the <command>create-cracklib-dict</command> command.
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| 157 | </para>
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[22861b3] | 158 |
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[5cd7055] | 159 | <screen role="root"><userinput>install -v -m644 -D ../cracklib-words-&cracklib-version;.bz2 \
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| 160 | /usr/share/dict/cracklib-words.bz2 &&
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[806e763] | 161 |
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[5cd7055] | 162 | bunzip2 -v /usr/share/dict/cracklib-words.bz2 &&
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[efd93087] | 163 | ln -v -sf cracklib-words /usr/share/dict/words &&
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| 164 | echo $(hostname) >> /usr/share/dict/cracklib-extra-words &&
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[2eb2948] | 165 | install -v -m755 -d /usr/lib/cracklib &&
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[806e763] | 166 |
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| 167 | create-cracklib-dict /usr/share/dict/cracklib-words \
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[efd93087] | 168 | /usr/share/dict/cracklib-extra-words</userinput></screen>
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[8b1b2dc7] | 169 |
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[47274444] | 170 | <para>
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| 171 | If desired, check the proper operation of the library as an
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| 172 | unprivileged user by issuing the following command:
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| 173 | </para>
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[a4440544] | 174 |
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[e7d4e823] | 175 | <screen remap="test"><userinput>make test</userinput></screen>
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[9623b6e8] | 176 |
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[c6bdcb0] | 177 | <important>
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[47274444] | 178 | <para>
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| 179 | If you are installing <application>CrackLib</application> after
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| 180 | your LFS system has been completed and you have the
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| 181 | <application>Shadow</application> package installed, you must
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| 182 | reinstall <xref linkend="shadow"/> if you wish to provide strong
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| 183 | password support on your system. If you are now going to install the
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| 184 | <xref linkend="linux-pam"/> package, you may disregard this note as
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| 185 | <application>Shadow</application> will be reinstalled after the
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| 186 | <application>Linux-PAM</application> installation.
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| 187 | </para>
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[c6bdcb0] | 188 | </important>
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| 189 |
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[9623b6e8] | 190 | </sect2>
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| 191 |
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| 192 | <sect2 role="commands">
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| 193 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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| 194 |
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[47274444] | 195 | <para>
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| 196 | <command>sed -i '/skipping/d' util/packer.c</command>:
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| 197 | Remove a meaningless warning.
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| 198 | </para>
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[806e763] | 199 |
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[0f0dc82] | 200 | <para>
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| 201 | <envar>PYTHON=python3</envar>: This forces the installation of
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| 202 | python bindings for Python 3, even if Python 2 is installed.
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| 203 | </para>
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| 204 |
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| 205 | <para>
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| 206 | <envar>CPPFLAGS=-I/usr/include/python&python3-majorver;</envar>:
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| 207 | This works around an issue caused by incorrect usage of Python 3
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| 208 | headers.
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| 209 | </para>
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| 210 |
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[47274444] | 211 | <para>
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| 212 | <parameter>--with-default-dict=/lib/cracklib/pw_dict</parameter>:
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| 213 | This parameter forces the installation of the
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| 214 | <application>CrackLib</application> dictionary to the
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| 215 | <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> hierarchy.
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| 216 | </para>
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[8f1699f2] | 217 |
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| 218 | <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
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| 219 | href="../../xincludes/static-libraries.xml"/>
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[8b1b2dc7] | 220 |
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[2eb2948] | 221 | <!-- FIXME: No longer needed with merged-/usr configuration
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[47274444] | 222 | <para>
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| 223 | <command>mv -v /usr/lib/libcrack.so.2* /lib</command> and
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| 224 | <command>ln -v -sf ../../lib/libcrack.so.2.9.0 ...</command>: These two
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| 225 | commands move the <filename
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| 226 | class="libraryfile">libcrack.so.2.9.0</filename>
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| 227 | library and associated symlink from
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| 228 | <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> to
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| 229 | <filename class="directory">/lib</filename>, then recreates the
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| 230 | <filename class="symlink">/usr/lib/libcrack.so</filename> symlink
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| 231 | pointing to the relocated file.
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| 232 | </para>
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[2eb2948] | 233 | -->
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[47274444] | 234 |
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| 235 | <para>
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| 236 | <command>install -v -m644 -D ...</command>: This command creates the
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| 237 | <filename class="directory">/usr/share/dict</filename> directory (if it
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| 238 | doesn't already exist) and installs the compressed word list there.
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| 239 | </para>
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| 240 |
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| 241 | <para>
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| 242 | <command>ln -v -s cracklib-words /usr/share/dict/words</command>: The
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| 243 | word list is linked to <filename>/usr/share/dict/words</filename> as
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| 244 | historically, <filename>words</filename> is the primary word list in the
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| 245 | <filename class="directory">/usr/share/dict</filename> directory. Omit
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| 246 | this command if you already have a
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| 247 | <filename>/usr/share/dict/words</filename> file installed on your system.
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| 248 | </para>
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| 249 |
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| 250 | <para>
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| 251 | <command>echo $(hostname) >>...</command>: The value of
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| 252 | <command>hostname</command> is echoed to a file called
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| 253 | <filename>cracklib-extra-words</filename>. This extra file is intended
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| 254 | to be a site specific list which includes easy to guess passwords such
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| 255 | as company or department names, user names, product names, computer
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| 256 | names, domain names, etc.
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| 257 | </para>
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| 258 |
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| 259 | <para>
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| 260 | <command>create-cracklib-dict ...</command>: This command creates the
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| 261 | <application>CrackLib</application> dictionary from the word lists.
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| 262 | Modify the command to add any additional word lists you have installed.
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| 263 | </para>
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[9623b6e8] | 264 |
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| 265 | </sect2>
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| 266 |
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| 267 | <sect2 role="content">
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| 268 | <title>Contents</title>
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| 269 |
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| 270 | <segmentedlist>
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| 271 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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| 272 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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[d80152af] | 273 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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[9623b6e8] | 274 |
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| 275 | <seglistitem>
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[8b1b2dc7] | 276 | <seg>cracklib-check, cracklib-format, cracklib-packer,
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| 277 | cracklib-unpacker and create-cracklib-dict</seg>
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[d456f78c] | 278 |
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[0f0dc82] | 279 | <seg>libcrack.so and the _cracklib.so
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| 280 | (<application>Python</application> module)</seg>
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[0d7900a] | 281 |
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[1976445] | 282 | <seg>/lib/cracklib, /usr/share/dict and /usr/share/cracklib</seg>
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[9623b6e8] | 283 | </seglistitem>
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| 284 | </segmentedlist>
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| 285 |
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| 286 | <variablelist>
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| 287 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 288 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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| 289 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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| 290 |
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[efd93087] | 291 | <varlistentry id="cracklib-check">
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| 292 | <term><command>cracklib-check</command></term>
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| 293 | <listitem>
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[47274444] | 294 | <para>
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[4c24eb0a] | 295 | is used to determine if a password is strong
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[47274444] | 296 | </para>
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[efd93087] | 297 | <indexterm zone="cracklib cracklib-check">
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| 298 | <primary sortas="b-cracklib-check">cracklib-check</primary>
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| 299 | </indexterm>
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| 300 | </listitem>
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| 301 | </varlistentry>
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| 302 |
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[c2de366] | 303 | <varlistentry id="cracklib-format">
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| 304 | <term><command>cracklib-format</command></term>
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| 305 | <listitem>
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[47274444] | 306 | <para>
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| 307 | is used to format text files (lowercases all words,
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[4c24eb0a] | 308 | removes control characters and sorts the lists)
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[47274444] | 309 | </para>
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[c2de366] | 310 | <indexterm zone="cracklib cracklib-format">
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| 311 | <primary sortas="b-cracklib-format">cracklib-format</primary>
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| 312 | </indexterm>
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| 313 | </listitem>
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| 314 | </varlistentry>
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| 315 |
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| 316 | <varlistentry id="cracklib-packer">
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| 317 | <term><command>cracklib-packer</command></term>
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| 318 | <listitem>
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[47274444] | 319 | <para>
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[4c24eb0a] | 320 | creates a database with words read from standard input
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[47274444] | 321 | </para>
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[c2de366] | 322 | <indexterm zone="cracklib cracklib-packer">
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| 323 | <primary sortas="b-cracklib-packer">cracklib-packer</primary>
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| 324 | </indexterm>
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| 325 | </listitem>
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| 326 | </varlistentry>
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| 327 |
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| 328 | <varlistentry id="cracklib-unpacker">
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| 329 | <term><command>cracklib-unpacker</command></term>
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| 330 | <listitem>
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[47274444] | 331 | <para>
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[4c24eb0a] | 332 | displays on standard output the database specified
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[47274444] | 333 | </para>
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[c2de366] | 334 | <indexterm zone="cracklib cracklib-packer">
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| 335 | <primary sortas="b-cracklib-packer">cracklib-packer</primary>
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| 336 | </indexterm>
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| 337 | </listitem>
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| 338 | </varlistentry>
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| 339 |
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[8b1b2dc7] | 340 | <varlistentry id="create-cracklib-dict">
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[0170790e] | 341 | <term><command>create-cracklib-dict</command></term>
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[8b1b2dc7] | 342 | <listitem>
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[47274444] | 343 | <para>
|
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| 344 | is used to create the <application>CrackLib</application>
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[4c24eb0a] | 345 | dictionary from the given word list(s)
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[47274444] | 346 | </para>
|
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[8b1b2dc7] | 347 | <indexterm zone="cracklib create-cracklib-dict">
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| 348 | <primary sortas="b-create-cracklib-dict">create-cracklib-dict</primary>
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| 349 | </indexterm>
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| 350 | </listitem>
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| 351 | </varlistentry>
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| 352 |
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[9623b6e8] | 353 | <varlistentry id="libcrack">
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[8f1699f2] | 354 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrack.so</filename></term>
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[9623b6e8] | 355 | <listitem>
|
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[47274444] | 356 | <para>
|
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| 357 | provides a fast dictionary lookup method for strong
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[4c24eb0a] | 358 | password enforcement
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[47274444] | 359 | </para>
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[9623b6e8] | 360 | <indexterm zone="cracklib libcrack">
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[d456f78c] | 361 | <primary sortas="c-libcrack">libcrack.so</primary>
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[9623b6e8] | 362 | </indexterm>
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| 363 | </listitem>
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| 364 | </varlistentry>
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| 365 |
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| 366 | </variablelist>
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| 367 |
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| 368 | </sect2>
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[fa48bf3] | 369 |
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| 370 | </sect1>
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