[b4b71892] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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[ff769b8c] | 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
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[b4b71892] | 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 |
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[8b1b2dc7] | 7 | <!ENTITY cracklib-download-http "http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/cracklib/cracklib-&cracklib-version;.tar.gz">
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| 8 | <!ENTITY cracklib-download-ftp " ">
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[14e13a0c] | 9 | <!ENTITY cracklib-http-md5sum "3cef136fe33fc40c57f7514d9aa90c51">
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| 10 | <!ENTITY cracklib-size "574 KB">
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| 11 | <!ENTITY cracklib-buildsize "28.7 MB (without Python bindings)">
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[8b1b2dc7] | 12 | <!ENTITY cracklib-time "0.1 SBU">
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| 13 | <!ENTITY crackdict-download "http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/cracklib/cracklib-words.gz">
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| 14 | <!ENTITY crackdict-size "4.4 MB">
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| 15 | <!ENTITY crackdict-md5sum "d18e670e5df560a8745e1b4dede8f84f">
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[b4b71892] | 16 | ]>
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| 17 |
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[8b1b2dc7] | 18 | <sect1 id="cracklib" xreflabel="CrackLib-&cracklib-version;">
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[9623b6e8] | 19 | <?dbhtml filename="cracklib.html"?>
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| 20 |
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| 21 | <sect1info>
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| 22 | <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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| 23 | <date>$Date$</date>
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| 24 | </sect1info>
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| 25 |
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[8b1b2dc7] | 26 | <title>CrackLib-&cracklib-version;</title>
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[9623b6e8] | 27 |
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| 28 | <indexterm zone="cracklib">
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[8b1b2dc7] | 29 | <primary sortas="a-CrackLib">CrackLib</primary>
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[9623b6e8] | 30 | </indexterm>
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| 31 |
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| 32 | <sect2 role="package">
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[8b1b2dc7] | 33 | <title>Introduction to CrackLib</title>
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[9623b6e8] | 34 |
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[8b1b2dc7] | 35 | <para>The <application>CrackLib</application> package contains a
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[0afcfa88] | 36 | library used to enforce strong passwords by comparing user selected
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[8b1b2dc7] | 37 | passwords to words in chosen word lists.</para>
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[9623b6e8] | 38 |
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| 39 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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| 40 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 41 | <listitem>
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| 42 | <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&cracklib-download-http;"/></para>
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| 43 | </listitem>
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| 44 | <listitem>
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| 45 | <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&cracklib-download-ftp;"/></para>
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| 46 | </listitem>
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| 47 | <listitem>
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[8b1b2dc7] | 48 | <para>Download MD5 sum: &cracklib-http-md5sum;</para>
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[9623b6e8] | 49 | </listitem>
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| 50 | <listitem>
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| 51 | <para>Download size: &cracklib-size;</para>
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| 52 | </listitem>
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| 53 | <listitem>
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| 54 | <para>Estimated disk space required: &cracklib-buildsize;</para>
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| 55 | </listitem>
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| 56 | <listitem>
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| 57 | <para>Estimated build time: &cracklib-time;</para>
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| 58 | </listitem>
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| 59 | </itemizedlist>
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| 60 |
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| 61 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
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| 62 | <itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
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| 63 | <listitem>
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[62494cc] | 64 | <para>Recommended word list for English-speaking countries (size:
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[22861b3] | 65 | &crackdict-size;; md5sum: &crackdict-md5sum;):
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| 66 | <ulink url="&crackdict-download;"/></para>
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| 67 | </listitem>
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[9623b6e8] | 68 | <listitem>
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[8b1b2dc7] | 69 | <para>Required patch to create a library used with the Heimdal
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| 70 | Kerberos 5 package: <ulink
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| 71 | url="&patch-root;/cracklib-&cracklib-version;-heimdal-1.patch"/></para>
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[9623b6e8] | 72 | </listitem>
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| 73 | </itemizedlist>
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| 74 |
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[62494cc] | 75 | <para>There are additional word lists available for download, e.g., from
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| 76 | <ulink url="http://www.cotse.com/tools/wordlists.htm"/>.
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| 77 | <application>CrackLib</application> can utilize as many, or as few word
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| 78 | lists you choose to install.</para>
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| 79 |
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[22861b3] | 80 | <important>
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| 81 | <para>Users tend to base their passwords on regular words of the spoken
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| 82 | language, and crackers know that. <application>CrackLib</application> is
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| 83 | intended to filter out such bad passwords at the source using a
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| 84 | dictionary created from word lists. To accomplish this, the word list(s)
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| 85 | for use with <application>CrackLib</application> must be an exhaustive
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| 86 | list of words and word-based keystroke combinations likely to be chosen
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| 87 | by users of the system as (guessable) passwords.</para>
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| 88 |
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| 89 | <para>The default word list recommended above for downloading mostly
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| 90 | satisfies this role in English-speaking countries. In other situations,
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| 91 | it may be necessary to download (or even create) additional word
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| 92 | lists.</para>
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| 93 |
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| 94 | <para>Note that word lists suitable for spell-checking are not usable
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| 95 | as <application>CrackLib</application> word lists in countries with
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| 96 | non-Latin based alphabets, because of <quote>word-based keystroke
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| 97 | combinations</quote> that make bad passwords.</para>
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| 98 | </important>
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[9623b6e8] | 99 |
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[14e13a0c] | 100 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">CrackLib Dependencies</bridgehead>
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| 101 |
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| 102 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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| 103 | <para><xref linkend="python"/></para>
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| 104 |
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[9623b6e8] | 105 | </sect2>
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| 106 |
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| 107 | <sect2 role="installation">
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[8b1b2dc7] | 108 | <title>Installation of CrackLib</title>
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[4f65b2f] | 109 |
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[8b1b2dc7] | 110 | <para>If desired, apply the <application>Heimdal</application> patch
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| 111 | (note that with this patch the original library is not affected; this patch
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| 112 | only creates an additional library used by the
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| 113 | <application>Heimdal</application> password-checking routines):</para>
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[b4b71892] | 114 |
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[8b1b2dc7] | 115 | <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../cracklib-&cracklib-version;-heimdal-1.patch</userinput></screen>
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[b4b71892] | 116 |
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[8b1b2dc7] | 117 | <para>Install <application>CrackLib</application> by running the following
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| 118 | commands:</para>
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[b4b71892] | 119 |
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[1976445] | 120 | <screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr \
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| 121 | --with-default-dict=/lib/cracklib/pw_dict &&
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[8b1b2dc7] | 122 | make</userinput></screen>
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[b4b71892] | 123 |
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[8b1b2dc7] | 124 | <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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[9623b6e8] | 125 |
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| 126 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install &&
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[8b1b2dc7] | 127 | mv -v /usr/lib/libcrack.so.2* /lib &&
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[22861b3] | 128 | ln -v -sf ../../lib/libcrack.so.2.8.0 /usr/lib/libcrack.so</userinput></screen>
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| 129 |
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[1976445] | 130 | <para>Issue the following commands as the
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| 131 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user to install the
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| 132 | recommended word list and create the <application>CrackLib</application>
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| 133 | dictionary. Other word lists (text based, one word per line) can also be
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| 134 | used by simply installing them into
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| 135 | <filename class='directory'>/usr/share/dict</filename> and adding them
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| 136 | to the <command>create-cracklib-dict</command> command.</para>
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[22861b3] | 137 |
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| 138 | <screen role="root"><userinput>install -v -m644 -D ../cracklib-words.gz \
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[8b1b2dc7] | 139 | /usr/share/dict/cracklib-words.gz &&
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| 140 | gunzip -v /usr/share/dict/cracklib-words.gz &&
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| 141 | ln -v -s cracklib-words /usr/share/dict/words &&
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| 142 | echo $(hostname) >>/usr/share/dict/cracklib-extra-words &&
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[1976445] | 143 | install -v -m755 -d /lib/cracklib &&
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[8b1b2dc7] | 144 | create-cracklib-dict /usr/share/dict/cracklib-words \
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| 145 | /usr/share/dict/cracklib-extra-words</userinput></screen>
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| 146 |
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| 147 | <para>If desired, check the proper operation of the library as an
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| 148 | unprivileged user using the tests included with the package:</para>
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| 149 |
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| 150 | <screen><userinput>make test</userinput></screen>
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[9623b6e8] | 151 |
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| 152 | </sect2>
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| 153 |
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| 154 | <sect2 role="commands">
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| 155 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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| 156 |
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[1976445] | 157 | <para><parameter>--with-default-dict=/lib/cracklib/pw_dict</parameter>:
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| 158 | This parameter forces the installation of the
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| 159 | <application>CrackLib</application> dictionary to the
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[8b1b2dc7] | 160 | <filename class='directory'>/lib</filename> hierarchy.</para>
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| 161 |
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| 162 | <para><command>mv -v /usr/lib/libcrack.so.2* /lib</command> and
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| 163 | <command>ln -v -sf ../../lib/libcrack.so.2.8.0 ...</command>: These two
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| 164 | commands move the <filename class='libraryfile'>libcrack.so.2.8.0</filename>
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| 165 | library and associated symlink from
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| 166 | <filename class='directory'>/usr/lib</filename> to
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| 167 | <filename class='directory'>/lib</filename>, then recreates the
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[b26339be] | 168 | <filename class='symlink'>/usr/lib/libcrack.so</filename> symlink pointing
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[8b1b2dc7] | 169 | to the relocated file.</para>
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| 170 |
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| 171 | <para><command>install -v -m644 -D ...</command>: This command creates the
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| 172 | <filename class='directory'>/usr/share/dict</filename> directory (if it
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| 173 | doesn't already exist) and installs the compressed word list there.</para>
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| 174 |
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| 175 | <para><command>ln -v -s cracklib-words /usr/share/dict/words</command>: The
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| 176 | word list is linked to <filename>/usr/share/dict/words</filename> as
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| 177 | historically, <filename>words</filename> is the primary word list in the
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| 178 | <filename class="directory">/usr/share/dict</filename> directory. Omit this
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| 179 | command if you already have a <filename>/usr/share/dict/words</filename>
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| 180 | file installed on your system.</para>
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| 181 |
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| 182 | <para><command>echo $(hostname) >>...</command>: The value of
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| 183 | <command>hostname</command> is echoed to a file called
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| 184 | <filename>cracklib-extra-words</filename>. This extra file is intended to be
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| 185 | a site specific list which includes easy to guess passwords such as company
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| 186 | or department names, user's names, product names, computer names, domain
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| 187 | names, etc.</para>
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| 188 |
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| 189 | <para><command>create-cracklib-dict ...</command>: This command creates the
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[22861b3] | 190 | <application>CrackLib</application> dictionary from the word lists. Modify
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| 191 | the command to add any additional word lists you have installed.</para>
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[9623b6e8] | 192 |
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| 193 | </sect2>
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| 194 |
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| 195 | <sect2 role="content">
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| 196 | <title>Contents</title>
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| 197 |
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| 198 | <segmentedlist>
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| 199 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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| 200 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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[d80152af] | 201 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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[9623b6e8] | 202 |
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| 203 | <seglistitem>
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[8b1b2dc7] | 204 | <seg>cracklib-check, cracklib-format, cracklib-packer,
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| 205 | cracklib-unpacker and create-cracklib-dict</seg>
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[1976445] | 206 | <seg>libcrack.[so,a] and optionally, libcrack_heimdal.[so,a] and
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| 207 | cracklibmodule.[so,a] <application>Python</application> module</seg>
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| 208 | <seg>/lib/cracklib, /usr/share/dict and /usr/share/cracklib</seg>
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[9623b6e8] | 209 | </seglistitem>
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| 210 | </segmentedlist>
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| 211 |
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| 212 | <variablelist>
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| 213 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 214 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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| 215 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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| 216 |
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[8b1b2dc7] | 217 | <varlistentry id="create-cracklib-dict">
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| 218 | <term><filename>create-cracklib-dict</filename></term>
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| 219 | <listitem>
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| 220 | <para>is used to create the <application>CrackLib</application>
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| 221 | dictionary from the given word list(s).</para>
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| 222 | <indexterm zone="cracklib create-cracklib-dict">
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| 223 | <primary sortas="b-create-cracklib-dict">create-cracklib-dict</primary>
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| 224 | </indexterm>
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| 225 | </listitem>
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| 226 | </varlistentry>
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| 227 |
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[9623b6e8] | 228 | <varlistentry id="libcrack">
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[8b1b2dc7] | 229 | <term><filename class='libraryfile'>libcrack.[so,a]</filename></term>
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[9623b6e8] | 230 | <listitem>
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[8b1b2dc7] | 231 | <para>provides a fast dictionary lookup method for strong
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[9623b6e8] | 232 | password enforcement.</para>
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| 233 | <indexterm zone="cracklib libcrack">
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[8b1b2dc7] | 234 | <primary sortas="c-libcrack">libcrack.[so,a]</primary>
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[9623b6e8] | 235 | </indexterm>
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| 236 | </listitem>
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| 237 | </varlistentry>
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| 238 |
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| 239 | </variablelist>
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| 240 |
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| 241 | </sect2>
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[fa48bf3] | 242 |
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| 243 | </sect1>
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