1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
---|
2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
|
---|
3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
|
---|
4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
|
---|
5 | %general-entities;
|
---|
6 |
|
---|
7 | <!ENTITY cracklib-download-http "&sourceforge-repo;/cracklib/cracklib-&cracklib-version;.tar.gz">
|
---|
8 | <!ENTITY cracklib-download-ftp " ">
|
---|
9 | <!ENTITY cracklib-md5sum "b31f7e3618cda7a2ac38588067275013">
|
---|
10 | <!ENTITY cracklib-size "608 KB">
|
---|
11 | <!ENTITY cracklib-buildsize "20 MB">
|
---|
12 | <!ENTITY cracklib-time "less than 0.1 SBU">
|
---|
13 |
|
---|
14 | <!ENTITY crackdict-version "20080507">
|
---|
15 | <!ENTITY crackdict-download "&sourceforge-repo;/cracklib/cracklib-words-&crackdict-version;.gz">
|
---|
16 | <!ENTITY crackdict-size "4.5 MB">
|
---|
17 | <!ENTITY crackdict-md5sum "7fa6ba0cd50e7f9ccaf4707c810b14f1">
|
---|
18 | ]>
|
---|
19 |
|
---|
20 | <sect1 id="cracklib" xreflabel="CrackLib-&cracklib-version;">
|
---|
21 | <?dbhtml filename="cracklib.html"?>
|
---|
22 |
|
---|
23 | <sect1info>
|
---|
24 | <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
|
---|
25 | <date>$Date$</date>
|
---|
26 | </sect1info>
|
---|
27 |
|
---|
28 | <title>CrackLib-&cracklib-version;</title>
|
---|
29 |
|
---|
30 | <indexterm zone="cracklib">
|
---|
31 | <primary sortas="a-CrackLib">CrackLib</primary>
|
---|
32 | </indexterm>
|
---|
33 |
|
---|
34 | <sect2 role="package">
|
---|
35 | <title>Introduction to CrackLib</title>
|
---|
36 |
|
---|
37 | <para>The <application>CrackLib</application> package contains a
|
---|
38 | library used to enforce strong passwords by comparing user selected
|
---|
39 | passwords to words in chosen word lists.</para>
|
---|
40 |
|
---|
41 | &lfs77_checked;
|
---|
42 |
|
---|
43 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
|
---|
44 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
|
---|
45 | <listitem>
|
---|
46 | <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&cracklib-download-http;"/></para>
|
---|
47 | </listitem>
|
---|
48 | <listitem>
|
---|
49 | <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&cracklib-download-ftp;"/></para>
|
---|
50 | </listitem>
|
---|
51 | <listitem>
|
---|
52 | <para>Download MD5 sum: &cracklib-md5sum;</para>
|
---|
53 | </listitem>
|
---|
54 | <listitem>
|
---|
55 | <para>Download size: &cracklib-size;</para>
|
---|
56 | </listitem>
|
---|
57 | <listitem>
|
---|
58 | <para>Estimated disk space required: &cracklib-buildsize;</para>
|
---|
59 | </listitem>
|
---|
60 | <listitem>
|
---|
61 | <para>Estimated build time: &cracklib-time;</para>
|
---|
62 | </listitem>
|
---|
63 | </itemizedlist>
|
---|
64 |
|
---|
65 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
|
---|
66 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
|
---|
67 | <listitem>
|
---|
68 | <para>Recommended word list for English-speaking countries (size:
|
---|
69 | &crackdict-size;; md5sum: &crackdict-md5sum;):
|
---|
70 | <ulink url="&crackdict-download;"/></para>
|
---|
71 | </listitem>
|
---|
72 | </itemizedlist>
|
---|
73 |
|
---|
74 | <para>There are additional word lists available for download, e.g., from
|
---|
75 | <ulink url="http://www.cotse.com/tools/wordlists.htm"/>.
|
---|
76 | <application>CrackLib</application> can utilize as many, or as few word
|
---|
77 | lists you choose to install.</para>
|
---|
78 |
|
---|
79 | <important>
|
---|
80 | <para>Users tend to base their passwords on regular words of the spoken
|
---|
81 | language, and crackers know that. <application>CrackLib</application> is
|
---|
82 | intended to filter out such bad passwords at the source using a
|
---|
83 | dictionary created from word lists. To accomplish this, the word list(s)
|
---|
84 | for use with <application>CrackLib</application> must be an exhaustive
|
---|
85 | list of words and word-based keystroke combinations likely to be chosen
|
---|
86 | by users of the system as (guessable) passwords.</para>
|
---|
87 |
|
---|
88 | <para>The default word list recommended above for downloading mostly
|
---|
89 | satisfies this role in English-speaking countries. In other situations,
|
---|
90 | it may be necessary to download (or even create) additional word
|
---|
91 | lists.</para>
|
---|
92 |
|
---|
93 | <para>Note that word lists suitable for spell-checking are not usable
|
---|
94 | as <application>CrackLib</application> word lists in countries with
|
---|
95 | non-Latin based alphabets, because of <quote>word-based keystroke
|
---|
96 | combinations</quote> that make bad passwords.</para>
|
---|
97 | </important>
|
---|
98 |
|
---|
99 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">CrackLib Dependencies</bridgehead>
|
---|
100 |
|
---|
101 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
|
---|
102 | <para role="optional">
|
---|
103 | <xref linkend="python2"/>
|
---|
104 | </para>
|
---|
105 |
|
---|
106 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
|
---|
107 | <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/cracklib"/>
|
---|
108 | </para>
|
---|
109 | </sect2>
|
---|
110 |
|
---|
111 | <sect2 role="installation">
|
---|
112 | <title>Installation of CrackLib</title>
|
---|
113 |
|
---|
114 | <para>Install <application>CrackLib</application> by running the following
|
---|
115 | commands:</para>
|
---|
116 |
|
---|
117 | <screen><userinput>sed -i '/skipping/d' util/packer.c &&
|
---|
118 |
|
---|
119 | ./configure --prefix=/usr \
|
---|
120 | --disable-static \
|
---|
121 | --with-default-dict=/lib/cracklib/pw_dict &&
|
---|
122 | make</userinput></screen>
|
---|
123 |
|
---|
124 | <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
|
---|
125 |
|
---|
126 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install &&
|
---|
127 | mv -v /usr/lib/libcrack.so.* /lib &&
|
---|
128 | ln -sfv ../../lib/$(readlink /usr/lib/libcrack.so) /usr/lib/libcrack.so</userinput></screen>
|
---|
129 |
|
---|
130 | <para>Issue the following commands as the
|
---|
131 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user to install the
|
---|
132 | recommended word list and create the <application>CrackLib</application>
|
---|
133 | dictionary. Other word lists (text based, one word per line) can also be
|
---|
134 | used by simply installing them into
|
---|
135 | <filename class="directory">/usr/share/dict</filename> and adding them
|
---|
136 | to the <command>create-cracklib-dict</command> command.</para>
|
---|
137 |
|
---|
138 | <screen role="root"><userinput>install -v -m644 -D ../cracklib-words-&crackdict-version;.gz \
|
---|
139 | /usr/share/dict/cracklib-words.gz &&
|
---|
140 |
|
---|
141 | gunzip -v /usr/share/dict/cracklib-words.gz &&
|
---|
142 | ln -v -sf cracklib-words /usr/share/dict/words &&
|
---|
143 | echo $(hostname) >> /usr/share/dict/cracklib-extra-words &&
|
---|
144 | install -v -m755 -d /lib/cracklib &&
|
---|
145 |
|
---|
146 | create-cracklib-dict /usr/share/dict/cracklib-words \
|
---|
147 | /usr/share/dict/cracklib-extra-words</userinput></screen>
|
---|
148 |
|
---|
149 | <para>If desired, check the proper operation of the library as an
|
---|
150 | unprivileged user by issuing the following command:</para>
|
---|
151 |
|
---|
152 | <screen><userinput>make test</userinput></screen>
|
---|
153 |
|
---|
154 | <important>
|
---|
155 | <para>If you are installing <application>CrackLib</application> after
|
---|
156 | your LFS system has been completed and you have the
|
---|
157 | <application>Shadow</application> package installed, you must
|
---|
158 | reinstall <xref linkend="shadow"/> if you wish to provide strong
|
---|
159 | password support on your system. If you are now going to install the
|
---|
160 | <xref linkend="linux-pam"/> package, you may disregard this note as
|
---|
161 | <application>Shadow</application> will be reinstalled after the
|
---|
162 | <application>Linux-PAM</application> installation.</para>
|
---|
163 | </important>
|
---|
164 |
|
---|
165 | </sect2>
|
---|
166 |
|
---|
167 | <sect2 role="commands">
|
---|
168 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
|
---|
169 |
|
---|
170 | <para><command>sed -i '/skipping/d' util/packer.c</command>:
|
---|
171 | Remove a meaningless warning.</para>
|
---|
172 |
|
---|
173 | <para><parameter>--with-default-dict=/lib/cracklib/pw_dict</parameter>:
|
---|
174 | This parameter forces the installation of the
|
---|
175 | <application>CrackLib</application> dictionary to the
|
---|
176 | <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> hierarchy.</para>
|
---|
177 |
|
---|
178 | <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
|
---|
179 | href="../../xincludes/static-libraries.xml"/>
|
---|
180 |
|
---|
181 | <para><command>mv -v /usr/lib/libcrack.so.2* /lib</command> and
|
---|
182 | <command>ln -v -sf ../../lib/libcrack.so.2.8.1 ...</command>: These two
|
---|
183 | commands move the <filename class="libraryfile">libcrack.so.2.8.1</filename>
|
---|
184 | library and associated symlink from
|
---|
185 | <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> to
|
---|
186 | <filename class="directory">/lib</filename>, then recreates the
|
---|
187 | <filename class="symlink">/usr/lib/libcrack.so</filename> symlink pointing
|
---|
188 | to the relocated file.</para>
|
---|
189 |
|
---|
190 | <para><command>install -v -m644 -D ...</command>: This command creates the
|
---|
191 | <filename class="directory">/usr/share/dict</filename> directory (if it
|
---|
192 | doesn't already exist) and installs the compressed word list there.</para>
|
---|
193 |
|
---|
194 | <para><command>ln -v -s cracklib-words /usr/share/dict/words</command>: The
|
---|
195 | word list is linked to <filename>/usr/share/dict/words</filename> as
|
---|
196 | historically, <filename>words</filename> is the primary word list in the
|
---|
197 | <filename class="directory">/usr/share/dict</filename> directory. Omit this
|
---|
198 | command if you already have a <filename>/usr/share/dict/words</filename>
|
---|
199 | file installed on your system.</para>
|
---|
200 |
|
---|
201 | <para><command>echo $(hostname) >>...</command>: The value of
|
---|
202 | <command>hostname</command> is echoed to a file called
|
---|
203 | <filename>cracklib-extra-words</filename>. This extra file is intended to be
|
---|
204 | a site specific list which includes easy to guess passwords such as company
|
---|
205 | or department names, user's names, product names, computer names, domain
|
---|
206 | names, etc.</para>
|
---|
207 |
|
---|
208 | <para><command>create-cracklib-dict ...</command>: This command creates the
|
---|
209 | <application>CrackLib</application> dictionary from the word lists. Modify
|
---|
210 | the command to add any additional word lists you have installed.</para>
|
---|
211 |
|
---|
212 | </sect2>
|
---|
213 |
|
---|
214 | <sect2 role="content">
|
---|
215 | <title>Contents</title>
|
---|
216 |
|
---|
217 | <segmentedlist>
|
---|
218 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
|
---|
219 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
|
---|
220 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
|
---|
221 |
|
---|
222 | <seglistitem>
|
---|
223 | <seg>cracklib-check, cracklib-format, cracklib-packer,
|
---|
224 | cracklib-unpacker and create-cracklib-dict</seg>
|
---|
225 |
|
---|
226 | <seg>libcrack.so and the _cracklibmodule.so
|
---|
227 | <application>Python</application> module</seg>
|
---|
228 |
|
---|
229 | <seg>/lib/cracklib, /usr/share/dict and /usr/share/cracklib</seg>
|
---|
230 | </seglistitem>
|
---|
231 | </segmentedlist>
|
---|
232 |
|
---|
233 | <variablelist>
|
---|
234 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
---|
235 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
---|
236 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
---|
237 |
|
---|
238 | <varlistentry id="cracklib-check">
|
---|
239 | <term><command>cracklib-check</command></term>
|
---|
240 | <listitem>
|
---|
241 | <para>is used to determine if a password is strong.</para>
|
---|
242 | <indexterm zone="cracklib cracklib-check">
|
---|
243 | <primary sortas="b-cracklib-check">cracklib-check</primary>
|
---|
244 | </indexterm>
|
---|
245 | </listitem>
|
---|
246 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
247 |
|
---|
248 | <varlistentry id="create-cracklib-dict">
|
---|
249 | <term><command>create-cracklib-dict</command></term>
|
---|
250 | <listitem>
|
---|
251 | <para>is used to create the <application>CrackLib</application>
|
---|
252 | dictionary from the given word list(s).</para>
|
---|
253 | <indexterm zone="cracklib create-cracklib-dict">
|
---|
254 | <primary sortas="b-create-cracklib-dict">create-cracklib-dict</primary>
|
---|
255 | </indexterm>
|
---|
256 | </listitem>
|
---|
257 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
258 |
|
---|
259 | <varlistentry id="libcrack">
|
---|
260 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrack.so</filename></term>
|
---|
261 | <listitem>
|
---|
262 | <para>provides a fast dictionary lookup method for strong
|
---|
263 | password enforcement.</para>
|
---|
264 | <indexterm zone="cracklib libcrack">
|
---|
265 | <primary sortas="c-libcrack">libcrack.so</primary>
|
---|
266 | </indexterm>
|
---|
267 | </listitem>
|
---|
268 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
269 |
|
---|
270 | </variablelist>
|
---|
271 |
|
---|
272 | </sect2>
|
---|
273 |
|
---|
274 | </sect1>
|
---|