| 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 |
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| 7 | <!ENTITY cracklib-url "https://github.com/cracklib/cracklib/releases/download">
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| 8 |
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| 9 | <!ENTITY cracklib-download-http "&cracklib-url;/v&cracklib-version;/cracklib-&cracklib-version;.tar.xz">
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| 10 | <!ENTITY cracklib-download-ftp " ">
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| 11 | <!ENTITY cracklib-md5sum "a99e0aef4c677df7063624690b634988">
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| 12 | <!ENTITY cracklib-size "456 KB">
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| 13 | <!ENTITY cracklib-buildsize "5.0 MB">
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| 14 | <!ENTITY cracklib-time "less than 0.1 SBU">
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| 15 |
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| 16 | <!ENTITY crackdict-download "&cracklib-url;/v&cracklib-version;/cracklib-words-&cracklib-version;.xz">
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| 17 | <!ENTITY crackdict-size "4.0 MB">
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| 18 | <!ENTITY crackdict-md5sum "f27804022dbf2682a7f7c353317f9a53">
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| 19 | ]>
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| 20 |
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| 21 | <sect1 id="cracklib" xreflabel="CrackLib-&cracklib-version;">
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| 22 | <?dbhtml filename="cracklib.html"?>
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| 23 |
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| 24 |
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| 25 | <title>CrackLib-&cracklib-version;</title>
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| 26 |
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| 27 | <indexterm zone="cracklib">
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| 28 | <primary sortas="a-CrackLib">CrackLib</primary>
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| 29 | </indexterm>
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| 30 |
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| 31 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 32 | <title>Introduction to CrackLib</title>
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| 33 |
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| 34 | <para>
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| 35 | The <application>CrackLib</application> package contains a
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| 36 | library used to enforce strong passwords by comparing user selected
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| 37 | passwords to words in chosen word lists.
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| 38 | </para>
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| 39 |
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| 40 | &lfs122_checked;
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| 41 |
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| 42 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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| 43 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 44 | <listitem>
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| 45 | <para>
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| 46 | Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&cracklib-download-http;"/>
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| 47 | </para>
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| 48 | </listitem>
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| 49 | <listitem>
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| 50 | <para>
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| 51 | Download (FTP): <ulink url="&cracklib-download-ftp;"/>
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| 52 | </para>
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| 53 | </listitem>
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| 54 | <listitem>
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| 55 | <para>
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| 56 | Download MD5 sum: &cracklib-md5sum;
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| 57 | </para>
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| 58 | </listitem>
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| 59 | <listitem>
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| 60 | <para>
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| 61 | Download size: &cracklib-size;
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| 62 | </para>
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| 63 | </listitem>
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| 64 | <listitem>
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| 65 | <para>
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| 66 | Estimated disk space required: &cracklib-buildsize;
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| 67 | </para>
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| 68 | </listitem>
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| 69 | <listitem>
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| 70 | <para>
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| 71 | Estimated build time: &cracklib-time;
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| 72 | </para>
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| 73 | </listitem>
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| 74 | </itemizedlist>
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| 75 |
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| 76 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
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| 77 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 78 | <para>Recommended word list for English-speaking countries:</para>
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| 79 | <listitem>
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| 80 | <para>
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| 81 | Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&crackdict-download;"/>
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| 82 | </para>
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| 83 | </listitem>
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| 84 | <listitem>
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| 85 | <para>
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| 86 | Download MD5 sum: &crackdict-md5sum;
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| 87 | </para>
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| 88 | </listitem>
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| 89 | <listitem>
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| 90 | <para>
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| 91 | Download size: &crackdict-size;
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| 92 | </para>
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| 93 | </listitem>
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| 94 | </itemizedlist>
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| 95 |
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| 96 | <para>
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| 97 | There are additional word lists available for download, e.g., from
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| 98 | <ulink url="https://wiki.skullsecurity.org/index.php/Passwords"/>.
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| 99 | <application>CrackLib</application> can utilize as many, or as few word
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| 100 | lists you choose to install.
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| 101 | </para>
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| 102 |
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| 103 | <important>
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| 104 | <para>
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| 105 | Users tend to base their passwords on regular words of the spoken
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| 106 | language, and crackers know that. <application>CrackLib</application>
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| 107 | is intended to filter out such bad passwords at the source using a
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| 108 | dictionary created from word lists. To accomplish this, the word
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| 109 | list(s) for use with <application>CrackLib</application> must be an
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| 110 | exhaustive list of words and word-based keystroke combinations likely
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| 111 | to be chosen by users of the system as (guessable) passwords.
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| 112 | </para>
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| 113 |
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| 114 | <para>
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| 115 | The default word list recommended above for downloading mostly
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| 116 | satisfies this role in English-speaking countries. In other situations,
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| 117 | it may be necessary to download (or even create) additional word lists.
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| 118 | </para>
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| 119 |
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| 120 | <para>
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| 121 | Note that word lists suitable for spell-checking are not usable
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| 122 | as <application>CrackLib</application> word lists in countries with
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| 123 | non-Latin based alphabets, because of <quote>word-based keystroke
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| 124 | combinations</quote> that make bad passwords.
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| 125 | </para>
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| 126 | </important>
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| 127 |
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| 128 | </sect2>
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| 129 |
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| 130 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 131 | <title>Installation of CrackLib</title>
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| 132 |
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| 133 | <para>
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| 134 | Install <application>CrackLib</application> by running the following
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| 135 | commands:
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| 136 | </para>
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| 137 |
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| 138 | <screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr \
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| 139 | --disable-static \
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| 140 | --with-default-dict=/usr/lib/cracklib/pw_dict &&
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| 141 | make</userinput></screen>
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| 142 |
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| 143 | <para>
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| 144 | Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:
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| 145 | </para>
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| 146 |
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| 147 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
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| 148 |
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| 149 | <para>
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| 150 | Issue the following commands as the
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| 151 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user to install the
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| 152 | recommended word list and create the <application>CrackLib</application>
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| 153 | dictionary. Other word lists (text based, one word per line) can also be
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| 154 | used by simply installing them into
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| 155 | <filename class="directory">/usr/share/dict</filename> and adding them
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| 156 | to the <command>create-cracklib-dict</command> command.
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| 157 | </para>
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| 158 |
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| 159 | <screen role="root"><userinput>install -v -m644 -D ../cracklib-words-&cracklib-version;.xz \
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| 160 | /usr/share/dict/cracklib-words.xz &&
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| 161 |
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| 162 | unxz -v /usr/share/dict/cracklib-words.xz &&
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| 163 | ln -v -sf cracklib-words /usr/share/dict/words &&
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| 164 | echo $(hostname) >> /usr/share/dict/cracklib-extra-words &&
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| 165 | install -v -m755 -d /usr/lib/cracklib &&
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| 166 |
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| 167 | create-cracklib-dict /usr/share/dict/cracklib-words \
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| 168 | /usr/share/dict/cracklib-extra-words</userinput></screen>
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| 169 |
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| 170 | <para>
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| 171 | If desired, check the proper operation of the library as an
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| 172 | unprivileged user by issuing the following command:
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| 173 | </para>
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| 174 |
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| 175 | <screen remap="test"><userinput>make test</userinput></screen>
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| 176 |
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| 177 | <important>
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| 178 | <para>
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| 179 | If you are installing <application>CrackLib</application> after
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| 180 | your LFS system has been completed and you have the
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| 181 | <application>Shadow</application> package installed, you must
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| 182 | reinstall <xref linkend="shadow"/> if you wish to provide strong
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| 183 | password support on your system. If you are now going to install the
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| 184 | <xref linkend="linux-pam"/> package, you may disregard this note as
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| 185 | <application>Shadow</application> will be reinstalled after the
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| 186 | <application>Linux-PAM</application> installation.
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| 187 | </para>
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| 188 | </important>
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| 189 |
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| 190 | </sect2>
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| 191 |
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| 192 | <sect2 role="commands">
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| 193 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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| 194 |
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| 195 | <!-- not needed with 2.10.2
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| 196 | <para>
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| 197 | <command>autoreconf -fiv</command>: The configure script shipped with
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| 198 | the package is too old to get the right version string of Python
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| 199 | 3.10 or later. This command regenerates it with a more recent version
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| 200 | of autotools, which fixes the issue.
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| 201 | </para>
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| 202 |
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| 203 | <para>
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| 204 | <envar>PYTHON=python3</envar>: This forces the installation of
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| 205 | python bindings for Python 3, even if Python 2 is installed.
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| 206 | </para>
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| 207 | -->
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| 208 |
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| 209 | <para>
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| 210 | <parameter>--with-default-dict=/usr/lib/cracklib/pw_dict</parameter>:
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| 211 | This parameter forces the installation of the
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| 212 | <application>CrackLib</application> dictionary to the
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| 213 | <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> hierarchy.
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| 214 | </para>
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| 215 |
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| 216 | <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
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| 217 | href="../../xincludes/static-libraries.xml"/>
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| 218 |
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| 219 | <para>
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| 220 | <command>install -v -m644 -D ...</command>: This command creates the
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| 221 | <filename class="directory">/usr/share/dict</filename> directory (if it
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| 222 | doesn't already exist) and installs the compressed word list there.
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| 223 | </para>
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| 224 |
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| 225 | <para>
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| 226 | <command>ln -v -s cracklib-words /usr/share/dict/words</command>: The
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| 227 | word list is linked to <filename>/usr/share/dict/words</filename> as
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| 228 | historically, <filename>words</filename> is the primary word list in the
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| 229 | <filename class="directory">/usr/share/dict</filename> directory. Omit
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| 230 | this command if you already have a
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| 231 | <filename>/usr/share/dict/words</filename> file installed on your system.
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| 232 | </para>
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| 233 |
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| 234 | <para>
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| 235 | <command>echo $(hostname) >>...</command>: The value of
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| 236 | <command>hostname</command> is echoed to a file called
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| 237 | <filename>cracklib-extra-words</filename>. This extra file is intended
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| 238 | to be a site specific list which includes easy to guess passwords such
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| 239 | as company or department names, user names, product names, computer
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| 240 | names, domain names, etc.
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| 241 | </para>
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| 242 |
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| 243 | <para>
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| 244 | <command>create-cracklib-dict ...</command>: This command creates the
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| 245 | <application>CrackLib</application> dictionary from the word lists.
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| 246 | Modify the command to add any additional word lists you have installed.
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| 247 | </para>
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| 248 |
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| 249 | </sect2>
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| 250 |
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| 251 | <sect2 role="content">
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| 252 | <title>Contents</title>
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| 253 |
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| 254 | <segmentedlist>
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| 255 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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| 256 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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| 257 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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| 258 |
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| 259 | <seglistitem>
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| 260 | <seg>cracklib-check, cracklib-format, cracklib-packer,
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| 261 | cracklib-unpacker, cracklib-update, and create-cracklib-dict</seg>
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| 262 |
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| 263 | <seg>libcrack.so and the _cracklib.so
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| 264 | (<application>Python</application> module)</seg>
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| 265 |
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| 266 | <seg>/usr/lib/cracklib, /usr/share/dict and /usr/share/cracklib</seg>
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| 267 | </seglistitem>
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| 268 | </segmentedlist>
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| 269 |
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| 270 | <variablelist>
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| 271 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 272 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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| 273 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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| 274 |
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| 275 | <varlistentry id="cracklib-check">
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| 276 | <term><command>cracklib-check</command></term>
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| 277 | <listitem>
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| 278 | <para>
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| 279 | is used to determine if a password is strong
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| 280 | </para>
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| 281 | <indexterm zone="cracklib cracklib-check">
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| 282 | <primary sortas="b-cracklib-check">cracklib-check</primary>
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| 283 | </indexterm>
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| 284 | </listitem>
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| 285 | </varlistentry>
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| 286 |
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| 287 | <varlistentry id="cracklib-format">
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| 288 | <term><command>cracklib-format</command></term>
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| 289 | <listitem>
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| 290 | <para>
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| 291 | is used to format text files (lowercases all words,
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| 292 | removes control characters and sorts the lists)
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| 293 | </para>
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| 294 | <indexterm zone="cracklib cracklib-format">
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| 295 | <primary sortas="b-cracklib-format">cracklib-format</primary>
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| 296 | </indexterm>
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| 297 | </listitem>
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| 298 | </varlistentry>
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| 299 |
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| 300 | <varlistentry id="cracklib-packer">
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| 301 | <term><command>cracklib-packer</command></term>
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| 302 | <listitem>
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| 303 | <para>
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| 304 | creates a database with words read from standard input
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| 305 | </para>
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| 306 | <indexterm zone="cracklib cracklib-packer">
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| 307 | <primary sortas="b-cracklib-packer">cracklib-packer</primary>
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| 308 | </indexterm>
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| 309 | </listitem>
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| 310 | </varlistentry>
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| 311 |
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| 312 | <varlistentry id="cracklib-unpacker">
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| 313 | <term><command>cracklib-unpacker</command></term>
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| 314 | <listitem>
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| 315 | <para>
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| 316 | displays on standard output the database specified
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| 317 | </para>
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| 318 | <indexterm zone="cracklib cracklib-packer">
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| 319 | <primary sortas="b-cracklib-packer">cracklib-packer</primary>
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| 320 | </indexterm>
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| 321 | </listitem>
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| 322 | </varlistentry>
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| 323 |
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| 324 | <varlistentry id="create-cracklib-dict">
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| 325 | <term><command>create-cracklib-dict</command></term>
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| 326 | <listitem>
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| 327 | <para>
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| 328 | is used to create the <application>CrackLib</application>
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| 329 | dictionary from the given word list(s)
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| 330 | </para>
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| 331 | <indexterm zone="cracklib create-cracklib-dict">
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| 332 | <primary sortas="b-create-cracklib-dict">create-cracklib-dict</primary>
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| 333 | </indexterm>
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| 334 | </listitem>
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| 335 | </varlistentry>
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| 336 |
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| 337 | <varlistentry id="libcrack">
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| 338 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrack.so</filename></term>
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| 339 | <listitem>
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| 340 | <para>
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| 341 | provides a fast dictionary lookup method for strong
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| 342 | password enforcement
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| 343 | </para>
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| 344 | <indexterm zone="cracklib libcrack">
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| 345 | <primary sortas="c-libcrack">libcrack.so</primary>
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| 346 | </indexterm>
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| 347 | </listitem>
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| 348 | </varlistentry>
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| 349 |
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| 350 | </variablelist>
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| 351 |
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| 352 | </sect2>
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| 353 |
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| 354 | </sect1>
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