1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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5 | %general-entities;
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6 |
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7 | <!ENTITY iptables-download-http "http://www.netfilter.org/projects/iptables/files/iptables-&iptables-version;.tar.bz2">
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8 | <!ENTITY iptables-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.netfilter.org/pub/iptables/iptables-&iptables-version;.tar.bz2">
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9 | <!ENTITY iptables-md5sum "536d048c8e8eeebcd9757d0863ebb0c0">
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10 | <!ENTITY iptables-size "536 KB">
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11 | <!ENTITY iptables-buildsize "15 MB">
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12 | <!ENTITY iptables-time "0.2 SBU">
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13 | ]>
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14 |
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15 | <sect1 id="iptables" xreflabel="Iptables-&iptables-version;">
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16 | <?dbhtml filename="iptables.html"?>
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17 |
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18 | <sect1info>
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19 | <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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20 | <date>$Date$</date>
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21 | </sect1info>
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22 |
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23 | <title>Iptables-&iptables-version;</title>
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24 |
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25 | <indexterm zone="iptables">
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26 | <primary sortas="a-Iptables">Iptables</primary>
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27 | </indexterm>
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28 |
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29 | <sect2 role="package">
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30 | <title>Introduction to Iptables</title>
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31 |
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32 | <para>
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33 | The next part of this chapter deals with firewalls. The principal
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34 | firewall tool for Linux is <application>Iptables</application>. You will
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35 | need to install <application>Iptables</application> if you intend on using
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36 | any form of a firewall.
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37 | </para>
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38 |
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39 | &lfs76_checked;
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40 |
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41 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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42 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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43 | <listitem>
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44 | <para>
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45 | Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&iptables-download-http;"/>
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46 | </para>
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47 | </listitem>
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48 | <listitem>
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49 | <para>
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50 | Download (FTP): <ulink url="&iptables-download-ftp;"/>
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51 | </para>
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52 | </listitem>
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53 | <listitem>
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54 | <para>
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55 | Download MD5 sum: &iptables-md5sum;
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56 | </para>
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57 | </listitem>
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58 | <listitem>
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59 | <para>
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60 | Download size: &iptables-size;
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61 | </para>
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62 | </listitem>
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63 | <listitem>
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64 | <para>
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65 | Estimated disk space required: &iptables-buildsize;
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66 | </para>
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67 | </listitem>
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68 | <listitem>
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69 | <para>
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70 | Estimated build time: &iptables-time;
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71 | </para>
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72 | </listitem>
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73 | </itemizedlist>
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74 |
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75 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
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76 | <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/iptables"/>
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77 | </para>
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78 | </sect2>
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79 |
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80 | <sect2 role="kernel" id="iptables-kernel">
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81 | <title>Kernel Configuration</title>
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82 |
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83 | <para>
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84 | A firewall in Linux is accomplished through a portion of the
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85 | kernel called netfilter. The interface to netfilter is
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86 | <application>Iptables</application>. To use it, the appropriate
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87 | kernel configuration parameters are found in Networking Support ⇒
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88 | Networking Options ⇒ Network Packet Filtering Framework.
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89 | </para>
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90 |
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91 | <indexterm zone="iptables iptables-kernel">
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92 | <primary sortas="d-iptables">Iptables</primary>
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93 | </indexterm>
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94 |
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95 | </sect2>
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96 |
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97 | <sect2 role="installation">
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98 | <title>Installation of Iptables</title>
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99 |
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100 | <note>
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101 | <para>
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102 | The installation below does not include building some specialized
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103 | extension libraries which require the raw headers in the
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104 | <application>Linux</application> source code. If you wish to build the
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105 | additional extensions (if you aren't sure, then you probably don't), you
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106 | can look at the <filename>INSTALL</filename> file to see an example of
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107 | how to change the <parameter>KERNEL_DIR=</parameter> parameter to point
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108 | at the <application>Linux</application> source code. Note that if you
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109 | upgrade the kernel version, you may also need to recompile
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110 | <application>Iptables</application> and that the BLFS team has not tested
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111 | using the raw kernel headers.
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112 | </para>
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113 |
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114 | <para>
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115 | For some non-x86 architectures, the raw kernel headers may be
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116 | required. In that case, modify the <parameter>KERNEL_DIR=</parameter>
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117 | parameter to point at the <application>Linux</application> source
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118 | code.
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119 | </para>
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120 | </note>
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121 |
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122 | <para>
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123 | Install <application>Iptables</application> by running the following
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124 | commands:
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125 | </para>
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126 |
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127 | <screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr \
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128 | --sbindir=/sbin \
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129 | --with-xtlibdir=/lib/xtables \
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130 | --enable-libipq &&
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131 | make</userinput></screen>
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132 |
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133 | <para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
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134 |
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135 | <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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136 |
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137 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install &&
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138 | ln -sfv ../../sbin/xtables-multi /usr/bin/iptables-xml &&
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139 | for file in ip4tc ip6tc ipq iptc xtables
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140 | do
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141 | mv -v /usr/lib/lib${file}.so.* /lib &&
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142 | ln -sfv ../../lib/$(readlink /usr/lib/lib${file}.so) /usr/lib/lib${file}.so
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143 | done</userinput></screen>
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144 |
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145 | </sect2>
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146 |
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147 | <sect2 role="commands">
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148 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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149 |
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150 | <para>
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151 | <parameter>--with-xtlibdir=/lib/xtables</parameter>: Ensure all
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152 | <application>Iptables</application> modules are installed in the
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153 | <filename class="directory">/lib/xtables</filename> directory.
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154 | </para>
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155 |
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156 | <para>
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157 | <option>--enable-libipq</option>: This switch enables building
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158 | of <filename class="libraryfile">libipq.so</filename> which
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159 | can be used by some packages outside of BLFS.
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160 | </para>
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161 |
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162 | <para>
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163 | <option>--enable-nfsynproxy</option>: This switch enables installation
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164 | of <application>nfsynproxy</application> SYNPROXY configuration tool.
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165 | </para>
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166 |
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167 | <para>
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168 | <command>ln -sfv ../../sbin/xtables-multi /usr/bin/iptables-xml</command>:
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169 | Ensure the symbolic link for <command>iptables-xml</command> is relative.
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170 | </para>
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171 |
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172 | </sect2>
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173 |
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174 | <sect2 role="configuration">
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175 | <title>Configuring Iptables</title>
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176 |
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177 | <para>
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178 | Introductory instructions for configuring your firewall are
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179 | presented in the next section: <xref linkend="fw-firewall"/>
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180 | </para>
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181 |
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182 | <sect3 id="iptables-init">
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183 | <title>Boot Script</title>
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184 |
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185 | <para>
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186 | To set up the iptables firewall at boot, install the
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187 | <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables</filename> init script included
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188 | in the <xref linkend="bootscripts"/> package.
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189 | </para>
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190 |
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191 | <indexterm zone="iptables iptables-init">
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192 | <primary sortas="f-iptables">iptables</primary>
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193 | </indexterm>
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194 |
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195 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install-iptables</userinput></screen>
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196 |
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197 | </sect3>
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198 |
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199 | </sect2>
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200 |
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201 | <sect2 role="content">
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202 | <title>Contents</title>
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203 |
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204 | <segmentedlist>
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205 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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206 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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207 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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208 |
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209 | <seglistitem>
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210 | <seg>
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211 | ip6tables, ip6tables-restore, ip6tables-save, iptables, iptables-restore,
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212 | iptables-save, iptables-xml, and xtables-multi
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213 | </seg>
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214 | <seg>
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215 | libip4tc.so, libip6tc.so, libipq.so, libiptc.so, and libxtables.so
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216 | </seg>
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217 | <seg>
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218 | /lib/xtables and /usr/include/libiptc
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219 | </seg>
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220 | </seglistitem>
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221 | </segmentedlist>
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222 |
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223 | <variablelist>
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224 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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225 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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226 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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227 |
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228 | <varlistentry id="iptables-prog">
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229 | <term><command>iptables</command></term>
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230 | <listitem>
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231 | <para>
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232 | is used to set up, maintain, and inspect the tables of
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233 | IP packet filter rules in the Linux kernel.
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234 | </para>
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235 | <indexterm zone="iptables iptables-prog">
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236 | <primary sortas="b-iptables">iptables</primary>
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237 | </indexterm>
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238 | </listitem>
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239 | </varlistentry>
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240 |
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241 | <varlistentry id="iptables-restore">
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242 | <term><command>iptables-restore</command></term>
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243 | <listitem>
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244 | <para>
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245 | is used to restore IP Tables from data specified on
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246 | STDIN. Use I/O redirection provided by your
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247 | shell to read from a file.
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248 | </para>
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249 | <indexterm zone="iptables iptables-restore">
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250 | <primary sortas="b-iptables-restore">iptables-restore</primary>
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251 | </indexterm>
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252 | </listitem>
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253 | </varlistentry>
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254 |
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255 | <varlistentry id="iptables-save">
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256 | <term><command>iptables-save</command></term>
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257 | <listitem>
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258 | <para>
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259 | is used to dump the contents of an IP Table in easily
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260 | parseable format to STDOUT. Use I/O-redirection
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261 | provided by your shell to write to a file.
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262 | </para>
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263 | <indexterm zone="iptables iptables-save">
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264 | <primary sortas="b-iptables-save">iptables-save</primary>
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265 | </indexterm>
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266 | </listitem>
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267 | </varlistentry>
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268 |
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269 | <varlistentry id="iptables-xml">
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270 | <term><command>iptables-xml</command></term>
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271 | <listitem>
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272 | <para>
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273 | is used to convert the output of
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274 | <command>iptables-save</command> to an XML format. Using the
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275 | <filename>iptables.xslt</filename> stylesheet converts the XML
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276 | back to the format of <command>iptables-restore</command>.
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277 | </para>
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278 | <indexterm zone="iptables iptables-xml">
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279 | <primary sortas="b-iptables-xml">iptables-xml</primary>
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280 | </indexterm>
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281 | </listitem>
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282 | </varlistentry>
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283 |
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284 | <varlistentry id="ip6tables">
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285 | <term><command>ip6tables*</command></term>
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286 | <listitem>
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287 | <para>
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288 | are a set of commands for IPV6 that parallel the iptables
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289 | commands above.
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290 | </para>
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291 | <indexterm zone="iptables ip6tables">
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292 | <primary sortas="b-ip6tables">ip6tables</primary>
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293 | </indexterm>
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294 | </listitem>
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295 | </varlistentry>
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296 |
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297 | <varlistentry id="nfsynproxy">
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298 | <term><command>nfsynproxy</command></term>
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299 | <listitem>
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300 | <para>
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301 | (optional) configuration tool. SYNPROXY target makes handling of
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302 | large SYN floods possible without the large performance penalties
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303 | imposed by the connection tracking in such cases.
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304 | </para>
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305 | <indexterm zone="iptables nfsynproxy">
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306 | <primary sortas="b-nfsynproxy">nfsynproxy</primary>
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307 | </indexterm>
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308 | </listitem>
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309 | </varlistentry>
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310 |
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311 | </variablelist>
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312 |
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313 | </sect2>
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314 |
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315 | </sect1>
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