1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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5 | %general-entities;
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6 |
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7 | <!ENTITY iptables-download-http "http://www.netfilter.org/projects/iptables/files/iptables-&iptables-version;.tar.bz2">
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8 | <!ENTITY iptables-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.netfilter.org/pub/iptables/iptables-&iptables-version;.tar.bz2">
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9 | <!ENTITY iptables-md5sum "212112389c7f10c72efb31a4ed193a4c">
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10 | <!ENTITY iptables-size "482 KB">
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11 | <!ENTITY iptables-buildsize "15 MB">
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12 | <!ENTITY iptables-time "0.2 SBU">
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13 | ]>
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14 |
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15 | <sect1 id="iptables" xreflabel="iptables-&iptables-version;">
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16 | <?dbhtml filename="iptables.html"?>
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17 |
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18 | <sect1info>
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19 | <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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20 | <date>$Date$</date>
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21 | </sect1info>
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22 |
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23 | <title>Iptables-&iptables-version;</title>
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24 |
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25 | <indexterm zone="iptables">
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26 | <primary sortas="a-Iptables">Iptables</primary>
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27 | </indexterm>
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28 |
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29 | <sect2 role="package">
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30 | <title>Introduction to Iptables</title>
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31 |
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32 | <para>The next part of this chapter deals with firewalls. The principal
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33 | firewall tool for Linux is <application>iptables</application>. You will
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34 | need to install <application>iptables</application> if you intend on using
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35 | any form of a firewall.</para>
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36 |
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37 | &lfs70_checked;
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38 |
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39 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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40 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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41 | <listitem>
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42 | <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&iptables-download-http;"/></para>
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43 | </listitem>
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44 | <listitem>
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45 | <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&iptables-download-ftp;"/></para>
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46 | </listitem>
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47 | <listitem>
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48 | <para>Download MD5 sum: &iptables-md5sum;</para>
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49 | </listitem>
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50 | <listitem>
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51 | <para>Download size: &iptables-size;</para>
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52 | </listitem>
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53 | <listitem>
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54 | <para>Estimated disk space required: &iptables-buildsize;</para>
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55 | </listitem>
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56 | <listitem>
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57 | <para>Estimated build time: &iptables-time;</para>
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58 | </listitem>
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59 | </itemizedlist>
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60 |
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61 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
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62 | <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/iptables"/></para>
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63 |
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64 | </sect2>
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65 |
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66 | <sect2 role="kernel" id='iptables-kernel'>
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67 | <title>Kernel Configuration</title>
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68 |
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69 | <para>A firewall in Linux is accomplished through a portion of the
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70 | kernel called netfilter. The interface to netfilter is
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71 | <application>iptables</application>. To use it, the appropriate
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72 | kernel configuration parameters are found in Networking Support ⇒
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73 | Networking Options ⇒ Network Packet Filtering Framework.</para>
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74 |
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75 | <indexterm zone="iptables iptables-kernel">
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76 | <primary sortas="d-iptables">Iptables</primary>
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77 | </indexterm>
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78 |
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79 | </sect2>
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80 |
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81 | <sect2 role="installation">
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82 | <title>Installation of Iptables</title>
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83 |
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84 | <note>
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85 | <para>The installation below does not include building some specialized
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86 | extension libraries which require the raw headers in the
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87 | <application>Linux</application> source code. If you wish to build the
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88 | additional extensions (if you aren't sure, then you probably don't), you
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89 | can look at the <filename>INSTALL</filename> file to see an example of
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90 | how to change the <parameter>KERNEL_DIR=</parameter> parameter to point
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91 | at the <application>Linux</application> source code. Note that if you
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92 | upgrade the kernel version, you may also need to recompile
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93 | <application>iptables</application> and that the BLFS team has not tested
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94 | using the raw kernel headers.</para>
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95 |
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96 | <para>For some non-x86 architectures, the raw kernel headers may be
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97 | required. In that case, modify the <parameter>KERNEL_DIR=</parameter>
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98 | parameter to point at the <application>Linux</application> source
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99 | code.</para>
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100 | </note>
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101 |
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102 | <para>Install <application>iptables</application> by running the following
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103 | commands:</para>
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104 |
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105 | <screen><userinput>sed -i '/if_packet/i#define __aligned_u64 __u64 __attribute__((aligned(8)))' \
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106 | extensions/libxt_pkttype.c &&
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107 | ./configure --prefix=/usr \
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108 | --exec-prefix= \
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109 | --bindir=/sbin \
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110 | --with-xtlibdir=/lib/xtables \
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111 | --with-pkgconfigdir=/usr/lib/pkgconfig &&
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112 | make</userinput></screen>
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113 |
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114 | <para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
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115 |
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116 | <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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117 |
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118 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install &&
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119 | ln -sfv xtables-multi /sbin/iptables-xml</userinput></screen>
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120 |
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121 | </sect2>
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122 |
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123 | <sect2 role="commands">
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124 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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125 |
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126 | <para><command>sed -i '/if_packet/i#define ...</command>: This sed fixes
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127 | compiling <application>iptables</application> with the linux-3.2 kernel
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128 | headers installed. It's not needed if you built LFS with an older
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129 | kernel's headers, but in that case it does no harm.</para>
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130 |
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131 | <para><parameter>--exec-prefix=</parameter>: Ensure all binaries and
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132 | libraries end up in <filename class="directory">/</filename> directory
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133 | tree.</para>
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134 |
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135 | <para><parameter>--bindir=/sbin</parameter>: Ensure all the executables go
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136 | in <filename class="directory">/sbin</filename>.</para>
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137 |
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138 | <para><parameter>--with-xtlibdir=/lib/xtables</parameter>: Ensure all
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139 | iptables modules are installed in the
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140 | <filename class="directory">/lib/xtables</filename> directory.</para>
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141 |
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142 | <para><parameter>--with-pkgconfigdir=/usr/lib/pkgconfig</parameter>:
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143 | Ensure all the pkgconfig files are in the standard location.</para>
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144 |
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145 | <para><command>ln -sfv xtables-multi /sbin/iptables-xml</command>: Ensure
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146 | the symbolic link for <command>iptables-xml</command> is relative.</para>
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147 |
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148 | </sect2>
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149 |
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150 | <sect2 role="configuration">
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151 | <title>Configuring Iptables</title>
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152 |
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153 | <para>Introductory instructions for configuring your firewall are
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154 | presented in the next section: <xref linkend="fw-firewall"/></para>
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155 |
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156 | <sect3 id="iptables-init">
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157 | <title>Boot Script</title>
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158 |
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159 | <para>To set up the iptables firewall at boot, install the
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160 | <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables</filename> init script included
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161 | in the <xref linkend="bootscripts"/> package.</para>
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162 |
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163 | <indexterm zone="iptables iptables-init">
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164 | <primary sortas="f-iptables">iptables</primary>
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165 | </indexterm>
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166 |
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167 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install-iptables</userinput></screen>
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168 |
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169 | </sect3>
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170 |
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171 | </sect2>
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172 |
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173 | <sect2 role="content">
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174 | <title>Contents</title>
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175 |
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176 | <segmentedlist>
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177 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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178 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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179 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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180 |
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181 | <seglistitem>
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182 | <seg>iptables, iptables-restore, iptables-save, iptables-xml,
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183 | ip6tables, ip6tables-restore, ip6tables-save,
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184 | and xtables-multi</seg>
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185 | <seg>libip4tc.so, libip6tc.so, libiptc.so, libxtables.so,
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186 | and numerous modules in /lib/xtables</seg>
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187 | <seg>/lib/xtables, /usr/include/libiptc and /usr/share/xtables</seg>
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188 | </seglistitem>
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189 | </segmentedlist>
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190 |
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191 | <variablelist>
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192 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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193 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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194 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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195 |
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196 | <varlistentry id="iptables-prog">
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197 | <term><command>iptables</command></term>
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198 | <listitem>
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199 | <para>is used to set up, maintain, and inspect the tables of
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200 | IP packet filter rules in the Linux kernel. It is a
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201 | symbolic link to xtables-multi.</para>
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202 | <indexterm zone="iptables iptables-prog">
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203 | <primary sortas="b-iptables">iptables</primary>
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204 | </indexterm>
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205 | </listitem>
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206 | </varlistentry>
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207 |
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208 | <varlistentry id="iptables-restore">
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209 | <term><command>iptables-restore</command></term>
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210 | <listitem>
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211 | <para>is used to restore IP Tables from data
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212 | specified on STDIN. Use I/O redirection provided by your
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213 | shell to read from a file. It is a symbolic link to
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214 | xtables-multi.</para>
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215 | <indexterm zone="iptables iptables-restore">
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216 | <primary sortas="b-iptables-restore">iptables-restore</primary>
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217 | </indexterm>
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218 | </listitem>
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219 | </varlistentry>
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220 |
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221 | <varlistentry id="iptables-save">
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222 | <term><command>iptables-save</command></term>
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223 | <listitem>
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224 | <para>is used to dump the contents of an IP Table
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225 | in easily parseable format to STDOUT. Use I/O-redirection
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226 | provided by your shell to write to a file. It is a symbolic link to
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227 | xtables-multi.</para>
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228 | <indexterm zone="iptables iptables-save">
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229 | <primary sortas="b-iptables-save">iptables-save</primary>
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230 | </indexterm>
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231 | </listitem>
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232 | </varlistentry>
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233 |
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234 | <varlistentry id="iptables-xml">
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235 | <term><command>iptables-xml</command></term>
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236 | <listitem>
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237 | <para>is used to convert the output of
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238 | <command>iptables-save</command> to an XML format. Using the
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239 | <filename>iptables.xslt</filename> stylesheet converts the XML
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240 | back to the format of <command>iptables-restore</command>.
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241 | It is a symbolic link to xtables-multi.</para>
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242 | <indexterm zone="iptables iptables-xml">
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243 | <primary sortas="b-iptables-xml">iptables-xml</primary>
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244 | </indexterm>
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245 | </listitem>
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246 | </varlistentry>
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247 |
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248 | <varlistentry id="ip6tables">
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249 | <term><command>ip6tables*</command></term>
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250 | <listitem>
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251 | <para>are a set of commands for IPV6 that parallel the iptables
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252 | commands above. All of these commands are symbolic
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253 | links to xtables-multi.</para>
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254 | <indexterm zone="iptables ip6tables">
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255 | <primary sortas="b-ip6tables">ip6tables</primary>
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256 | </indexterm>
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257 | </listitem>
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258 | </varlistentry>
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259 |
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260 | </variablelist>
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261 |
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262 | </sect2>
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263 |
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264 | </sect1>
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