1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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5 | %general-entities;
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6 |
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7 | <!ENTITY linux-pam-download-http "http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/pre/library/Linux-PAM-&linux-pam-version;.tar.bz2">
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8 | <!ENTITY linux-pam-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/pre/library/Linux-PAM-&linux-pam-version;.tar.bz2">
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9 | <!ENTITY linux-pam-md5sum "f1dfc47729f22f246535b95ac9dcd182">
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10 | <!ENTITY linux-pam-size "1.4 MB">
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11 | <!ENTITY linux-pam-buildsize "23 MB">
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12 | <!ENTITY linux-pam-time "0.6 SBU">
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13 | <!ENTITY linux-pam-docs-download "http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/pre/doc/Linux-PAM-&linux-pam-version;-docs.tar.bz2">
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14 | ]>
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15 |
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16 | <sect1 id="linux-pam" xreflabel="Linux-PAM-&linux-pam-version;">
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17 | <?dbhtml filename="linux-pam.html"?>
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18 |
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19 | <sect1info>
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20 | <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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21 | <date>$Date$</date>
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22 | </sect1info>
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23 |
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24 | <title>Linux-PAM-&linux-pam-version;</title>
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25 |
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26 | <indexterm zone="linux-pam">
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27 | <primary sortas="a-Linux-PAM">Linux-PAM</primary>
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28 | </indexterm>
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29 |
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30 | <sect2 role="package">
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31 | <title>Introduction to Linux-PAM</title>
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32 |
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33 | <para>The <application>Linux-PAM</application> package contains
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34 | Pluggable Authentication Modules. This is useful to enable the
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35 | local system administrator to choose how applications authenticate
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36 | users.</para>
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37 |
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38 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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39 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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40 | <listitem>
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41 | <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&linux-pam-download-http;"/></para>
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42 | </listitem>
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43 | <listitem>
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44 | <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&linux-pam-download-ftp;"/></para>
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45 | </listitem>
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46 | <listitem>
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47 | <para>Download MD5 sum: &linux-pam-md5sum;</para>
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48 | </listitem>
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49 | <listitem>
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50 | <para>Download size: &linux-pam-size;</para>
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51 | </listitem>
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52 | <listitem>
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53 | <para>Estimated disk space required: &linux-pam-buildsize;</para>
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54 | </listitem>
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55 | <listitem>
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56 | <para>Estimated build time: &linux-pam-time;</para>
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57 | </listitem>
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58 | </itemizedlist>
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59 |
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60 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
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61 | <itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
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62 | <listitem>
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63 | <para>Optional documentation:
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64 | <ulink url="&linux-pam-docs-download;"/></para>
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65 | </listitem>
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66 | </itemizedlist>
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67 |
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68 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Linux-PAM Dependencies</bridgehead>
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69 |
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70 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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71 | <para role="optional"><xref linkend="cracklib"/>, and
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72 | <!-- <xref linkend="db"/> (for the pam_userdb module), -->
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73 | <ulink url="http://www.prelude-ids.org/">Prelude</ulink></para>
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74 |
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75 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional (To {,Re}build the Documentation)</bridgehead>
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76 | <para role="optional"><xref linkend="libxslt"/>,
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77 | <xref linkend="DocBook"/>,
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78 | <xref linkend="docbook-xsl"/>,
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79 | <xref linkend="w3m"/>, and
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80 | <xref linkend="fop"/></para>
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81 |
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82 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
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83 | <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/linux-pam"/></para>
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84 |
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85 | </sect2>
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86 |
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87 | <sect2 role="installation">
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88 | <title>Installation of Linux-PAM</title>
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89 |
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90 | <para>If you downloaded the documentation, unpack the tarball from the
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91 | same top-level directory you unpacked the source tarball from. The files
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92 | will unpack into the correct directories of the source tree.</para>
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93 |
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94 | <para>Install <application>Linux-PAM</application> by
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95 | running the following commands:</para>
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96 |
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97 | <screen><userinput>./configure --libdir=/lib \
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98 | --sbindir=/lib/security \
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99 | --enable-securedir=/lib/security \
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100 | --docdir=/usr/share/doc/Linux-PAM-&linux-pam-version; \
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101 | --enable-read-both-confs \
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102 | --with-xauth=/usr/X11R6/bin/xauth &&
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103 | make</userinput></screen>
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104 |
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105 | <!-- <para>To test the results, issue <command>make check</command>.</para> -->
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106 |
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107 | <para>The test suite will not provide meaningful results until the package
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108 | has been installed and minimally configured. If, after installing the
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109 | package and creating a minimum configuration as shown below in the 'other'
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110 | example, you wish to run the tests, issue
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111 | <command>make check</command>.</para>
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112 |
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113 | <!-- <tip>
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114 | <para>Don't delete the <application>Linux-PAM</application> source tree
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115 | until after you reinstall the <application>Shadow</application> package.
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116 | The reinstallation of the Shadow package includes much more stringent
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117 | security for the PAM configuration, and you can run the
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118 | <application>Linux-PAM</application> test suite after completing the
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119 | <application>Shadow</application> instructions to test the new setup. All
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120 | the tests should pass.</para>
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121 | </tip> -->
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122 |
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123 | <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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124 |
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125 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install &&
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126 | chmod -v 4755 /lib/security/unix_chkpwd &&
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127 |
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128 | mv -v /lib/security/pam_tally /sbin &&
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129 |
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130 | mv -v /lib/libpam{,c,_misc}.la /usr/lib &&
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131 | sed -i 's| /lib| /usr/lib|' /usr/lib/libpam_misc.la &&
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132 |
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133 | if [ -L /lib/libpam.so ]; then
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134 | for LINK in libpam{,c,_misc}.so; do
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135 | ln -v -sf ../../lib/$(readlink /lib/${LINK}) /usr/lib/${LINK} &&
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136 | rm -v /lib/${LINK}
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137 | done
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138 | fi</userinput></screen>
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139 |
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140 | <!-- <para>If you downloaded the documentation, install it using the following
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141 | command:</para>
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142 |
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143 | <screen role="root"><userinput>for DOCTYPE in html pdf ps txts
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144 | do
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145 | cp -v -R doc/$DOCTYPE /usr/share/doc/Linux-PAM-&linux-pam-version;
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146 | done</userinput></screen> -->
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147 |
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148 | </sect2>
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149 |
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150 | <sect2 role="commands">
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151 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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152 |
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153 | <para><parameter>--libdir=/lib</parameter>: This parameter results in
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154 | the libraries being installed in
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155 | <filename class='directory'>/lib</filename> as they may be required in
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156 | single-user mode.</para>
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157 |
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158 | <para><parameter>--sbindir=/lib/security</parameter>: This parameter
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159 | results in two executables, one of which is not intended to be run from the
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160 | command line, being installed in the same directory as the PAM modules.
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161 | The other executable is later moved to the
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162 | <filename class='directory'>/sbin</filename> directory.</para>
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163 |
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164 | <para><parameter>--enable-securedir=/lib/security</parameter>: This
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165 | parameter results in the PAM modules being installed in
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166 | <filename class='directory'>/lib/security</filename>.</para>
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167 |
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168 | <para><parameter>--docdir=...</parameter>: This parameter results in
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169 | the documentation being installed in a versioned directory name.</para>
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170 |
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171 | <para><parameter>--enable-read-both-confs</parameter>: This parameter
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172 | allows the local administrator to choose which configuration file setup to
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173 | use.</para>
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174 |
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175 | <para><parameter>--with-xauth=/usr/X11R6/bin/xauth</parameter>: This
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176 | parameter forces the build of the pam_xauth module, even if xauth is not
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177 | yet installed. Omit this switch if you have no plans to build
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178 | <application>Xorg</application>, or modify the path if you intend to
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179 | install <application>Xorg</application> into a non-standard path.</para>
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180 |
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181 | <para><command>chmod -v 4755 /lib/security/unix_chkpwd</command>:
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182 | The <command>unix_chkpwd</command> password-helper program must be setuid
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183 | so that non-<systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> processes can
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184 | access the shadow-password file.</para>
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185 |
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186 | <para><command>mv -v /lib/security/pam_tally /sbin</command>: The
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187 | <command>pam_tally</command> program is designed to be run by the system
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188 | administrator, possibly in single-user mode, so it is moved to the
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189 | appropriate directory.</para>
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190 |
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191 | <para><command>mv -v /lib/libpam{,c,_misc}.la /usr/lib</command>: This
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192 | command moves the <application>Libtool</application> library files to
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193 | <filename class='directory'>/usr/lib</filename> as they are expected to
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194 | reside there.</para>
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195 |
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196 | <para><command>sed -i 's| /lib| /usr/lib|'
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197 | /usr/lib/libpam_misc.la</command>: This command corrects an installation
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198 | reference due to the file being moved in the previous step.</para>
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199 |
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200 | <para><command>for ...; do ...; done</command>: These commands are used
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201 | to relocate the <filename class='symlink'>.so</filename> symbolic links
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202 | into the <filename class='directory'>/usr/lib</filename> directory by
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203 | cloning and then removing the existing symlinks. Using
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204 | <command>readlink</command> ensures the new symlinks point at the correct
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205 | library filenames.</para>
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206 |
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207 | </sect2>
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208 |
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209 | <sect2 role="configuration">
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210 | <title>Configuring Linux-PAM</title>
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211 |
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212 | <sect3 id="pam-config">
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213 | <title>Config Files</title>
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214 |
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215 | <para><filename>/etc/security/*</filename> and
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216 | <filename>/etc/pam.d/*</filename> or
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217 | <filename>/etc/pam.conf</filename></para>
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218 |
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219 | <indexterm zone="linux-pam pam-config">
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220 | <primary sortas="e-etc-security">/etc/security/*</primary>
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221 | </indexterm>
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222 |
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223 | <indexterm zone="linux-pam pam-config">
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224 | <primary sortas="e-etc-pam.d">/etc/pam.d/*</primary>
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225 | </indexterm>
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226 |
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227 | <indexterm zone="linux-pam pam-config">
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228 | <primary sortas="e-etc-pam.conf">/etc/pam.conf</primary>
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229 | </indexterm>
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230 |
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231 | </sect3>
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232 |
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233 | <sect3>
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234 | <title>Configuration Information</title>
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235 |
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236 | <para>Configuration information is placed in
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237 | <filename class='directory'>/etc/pam.d/</filename> or
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238 | <filename>/etc/pam.conf</filename> depending on system administrator
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239 | preference. Below are example files of each type:</para>
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240 |
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241 | <screen><literal># Begin /etc/pam.d/other
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242 |
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243 | auth required pam_unix.so nullok
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244 | account required pam_unix.so
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245 | session required pam_unix.so
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246 | password required pam_unix.so nullok
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247 |
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248 | # End /etc/pam.d/other
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249 |
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250 | # Begin /etc/pam.conf
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251 |
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252 | other auth required pam_unix.so nullok
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253 | other account required pam_unix.so
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254 | other session required pam_unix.so
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255 | other password required pam_unix.so nullok
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256 |
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257 | # End /etc/pam.conf</literal></screen>
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258 |
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259 | <para>The <application>PAM</application> man page
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260 | (<command>man pam</command>) provides a good starting point for
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261 | descriptions of fields and allowable entries. The <ulink
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262 | url="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/Linux-PAM-html/Linux-PAM_SAG.html">
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263 | Linux-PAM System Administrators' Guide</ulink>
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264 | is recommended for additional information.</para>
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265 |
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266 | <para>Refer to <ulink
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267 | url="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/modules.html"/>
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268 | for a list of various modules available.</para>
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269 |
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270 | <important>
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271 | <para>You should now reinstall the <xref linkend="shadow"/>
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272 | package.</para>
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273 | </important>
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274 |
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275 | </sect3>
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276 |
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277 | </sect2>
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278 |
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279 | <sect2 role="content">
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280 | <title>Contents</title>
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281 |
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282 | <segmentedlist>
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283 | <segtitle>Installed Program</segtitle>
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284 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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285 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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286 |
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287 | <seglistitem>
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288 | <seg>pam_tally</seg>
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289 | <seg>libpam.{so,a}, libpamc.{so,a}, and libpam_misc.{so,a}</seg>
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290 | <seg>/etc/pam.d, /etc/security, /lib/security and
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291 | /usr/include/security</seg>
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292 | </seglistitem>
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293 | </segmentedlist>
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294 |
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295 | <variablelist>
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296 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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297 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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298 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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299 |
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300 | <varlistentry id="pam_tally">
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301 | <term><command>pam_tally</command></term>
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302 | <listitem>
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303 | <para>is used to view or manipulate the <filename>faillog</filename>
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304 | file.</para>
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305 | <indexterm zone="linux-pam pam_tally">
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306 | <primary sortas="b-pam_tally">pam_tally</primary>
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307 | </indexterm>
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308 | </listitem>
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309 | </varlistentry>
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310 |
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311 | <varlistentry id="libpam">
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312 | <term><filename class='libraryfile'>libpam.{so,a}</filename></term>
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313 | <listitem>
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314 | <para>provides the interfaces between applications and the
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315 | PAM modules.</para>
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316 | <indexterm zone="linux-pam libpam">
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317 | <primary sortas="c-libpam">libpam.{so,a}</primary>
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318 | </indexterm>
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319 | </listitem>
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320 | </varlistentry>
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321 |
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322 | </variablelist>
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323 |
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324 | </sect2>
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325 |
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326 | </sect1>
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