source: postlfs/security/linux_pam.xml@ bfb7882

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
   "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
  %general-entities;

  <!ENTITY Linux_PAM-download-http "http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/pre/library/Linux-PAM-&Linux_PAM-version;.tar.bz2">
  <!ENTITY Linux_PAM-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/pre/library/Linux-PAM-&Linux_PAM-version;.tar.bz2">
  <!ENTITY Linux_PAM-md5sum    "ccff87fe639efdfc22b1ba4a0f08ec57">
  <!ENTITY Linux_PAM-size      "376 KB">
  <!ENTITY Linux_PAM-buildsize "8.6 MB">
  <!ENTITY Linux_PAM-time      "0.2 SBU">
]>

<sect1 id="Linux_PAM" xreflabel="Linux-PAM-&Linux_PAM-version;">
  <?dbhtml filename="linux_pam.html"?>

  <sect1info>
    <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
    <date>$Date$</date>
  </sect1info>

  <title>Linux-PAM-&Linux_PAM-version;</title>

  <indexterm zone="Linux_PAM">
    <primary sortas="a-PAM_linux">PAM(Linux)</primary>
  </indexterm>

  <sect2 role="package">
    <title>Introduction to Linux-PAM</title>

    <para>The <application>Linux-PAM</application> package contains
    Pluggable Authentication Modules. This is useful to enable the
    local system administrator to choose how applications authenticate
    users.</para>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
    <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
      <listitem>
        <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&Linux_PAM-download-http;"/></para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&Linux_PAM-download-ftp;"/></para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Download MD5 sum: &Linux_PAM-md5sum;</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Download size: &Linux_PAM-size;</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Estimated disk space required: &Linux_PAM-buildsize;</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Estimated build time: &Linux_PAM-time;</para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
    <itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
      <title>Documentation</title>
      <listitem>
        <para>Optional documentation: <ulink
        url="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/pre/library/Linux-PAM-&Linux_PAM-version;-docs.tar.bz2"/>
      </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Linux-PAM Dependencies</bridgehead>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Recommended</bridgehead>
    <para><xref linkend="cracklib"/></para>

    <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
    <para><ulink
    url="http://sourceforge.net/projects/sgmltools-lite/">sgmltools-lite</ulink>
    and <xref linkend="db"/> (for pam_userdb module)</para>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="installation">
    <title>Installation of Linux-PAM</title>

    <para>Install <application>Linux-PAM</application> by
    running the following commands:</para>

<screen><userinput>sed -i 's|DICT_DIR_CANDIDATES="|&amp;/lib /lib/cracklib |' \
    configure &amp;&amp;
./configure --enable-static-libpam --with-mailspool=/var/mail \
    --enable-read-both-confs --sysconfdir=/etc \
    --mandir=/usr/share/man &amp;&amp;
make</userinput></screen>

    <para>If you downloaded the documentation and wish to install it, unpack the
    tarball into the <filename class='directory'>doc</filename> directory:</para>

<screen><userinput>tar -jxf ../Linux-PAM-&Linux_PAM-version;-docs.tar.bz2 -C doc</userinput></screen>

    <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>make install &amp;&amp;
mv -v /lib/libpam.a /lib/libpam_misc.a /lib/libpamc.a /usr/lib &amp;&amp;
rm -v /lib/libpam{,c,_misc}.so &amp;&amp;
ln -v -sf ../../lib/libpam.so.&Linux_PAM-version; /usr/lib/libpam.so &amp;&amp;
ln -v -sf ../../lib/libpam_misc.so.&Linux_PAM-version; /usr/lib/libpam_misc.so &amp;&amp;
ln -v -sf ../../lib/libpamc.so.&Linux_PAM-version; /usr/lib/libpamc.so</userinput></screen>

    <para>Install the documentation using the following commands:</para>

<screen role="root"><userinput>install -v -d -m755 /usr/share/doc/Linux-PAM-&Linux_PAM-version; &amp;&amp;
for DOCTYPE in html ps specs txts
do
    cp -v -R doc/$DOCTYPE /usr/share/doc/Linux-PAM-&Linux_PAM-version;
done</userinput></screen>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="commands">
    <title>Command Explanations</title>

    <para><command>sed -i 's|DICT_DIR_CANDIDATES="|&amp;/lib /lib/cracklib |'
    configure</command>: This command changes where
    <command>configure</command> looks to find the
    <application>CrackLib</application> dictionary.</para>

    <para><parameter>--enable-static-libpam</parameter>: This switch builds
    static PAM libraries as well as the dynamic libraries.</para>

    <para><parameter>--with-mailspool=/var/mail</parameter>: This switch
    makes the mailspool directory FHS compliant.</para>

    <para><parameter>--enable-read-both-confs</parameter>: This switch lets
    the local administrator choose which configuration file setup to use.</para>

    <para><command>mv -v /lib/libpam.a /lib/libpam_misc.a /lib/libpamc.a
    /usr/lib</command>: This command moves the static libraries to
    <filename class='directory'>/usr/lib</filename> to comply with FHS
    guidelines.</para>

    <para><command>rm -v /lib/libpam{,c,_misc}.so; ln -v -sf ...
    /usr/lib/...</command>: These commands move the
    <filename class='symlink'>.so</filename> symlinks from
    <filename class='directory'>/lib</filename> to
    <filename class='directory'>/usr/lib</filename>.</para>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="configuration">
    <title>Configuring Linux-PAM</title>

    <sect3 id="pam-config">
      <title>Config Files</title>

      <para><filename>/etc/security/*</filename> and
      <filename>/etc/pam.d/*</filename> or
      <filename>/etc/pam.conf</filename></para>

      <indexterm zone="Linux_PAM pam-config">
        <primary sortas="e-etc-security">/etc/security/*</primary>
      </indexterm>

      <indexterm zone="Linux_PAM pam-config">
        <primary sortas="e-etc-pam.d">/etc/pam.d/*</primary>
      </indexterm>

      <indexterm zone="Linux_PAM pam-config">
        <primary sortas="e-etc-pam.conf">/etc/pam.conf</primary>
      </indexterm>

    </sect3>

    <sect3>
      <title>Configuration Information</title>

      <para>Configuration information is placed in
      <filename class='directory'>/etc/pam.d/</filename> or
      <filename>/etc/pam.conf</filename> depending on user preference.
      Below are example files of each type:</para>

<screen><literal># Begin /etc/pam.d/other

auth            required        pam_unix.so     nullok
account         required        pam_unix.so
session         required        pam_unix.so
password        required        pam_unix.so     nullok

# End /etc/pam.d/other

# Begin /etc/pam.conf

other           auth            required        pam_unix.so     nullok
other           account         required        pam_unix.so
other           session         required        pam_unix.so
other           password        required        pam_unix.so     nullok

# End /etc/pam.conf</literal></screen>

      <para>The <application>PAM</application> man page
      (<command>man pam</command>) provides a good starting point for
      descriptions of fields and allowable entries. The <ulink
      url="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/Linux-PAM-html/pam.html">
      Linux-PAM guide for system administrators</ulink>
      is recommended for further reading.</para>

      <para>Refer to <ulink
      url="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/modules.html"/>
      for a list of various modules available.</para>

      <note>
        <para>You should now reinstall the <xref linkend="shadow"/>
        package.</para>
      </note>

    </sect3>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="content">
    <title>Contents</title>

    <segmentedlist>
      <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
      <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
      <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>

      <seglistitem>
        <seg>unix_chkpwd and pam_tally</seg>
        <seg>libpam.[so,a], libpamc.[so,a], and libpam_misc.[so,a]</seg>
        <seg>/etc/pam.d, /etc/security, /lib/security, and
        /usr/include/security</seg>
      </seglistitem>
    </segmentedlist>

    <variablelist>
      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
      <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>

      <varlistentry id="unix_chkpwd">
        <term><command>unix_chkpwd</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>checks user passwords that are stored
          in read protected databases.</para>
          <indexterm zone="Linux_PAM unix_chkpwd">
            <primary sortas="b-unix_chkpwd">unix_chkpwd</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="pam_tally">
        <term><command>pam_tally</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>is used to view or manipulate the <filename>faillog</filename>
          file.</para>
          <indexterm zone="Linux_PAM pam_tally">
            <primary sortas="b-pam_tally">pam_tally</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="libpam">
        <term><filename class='libraryfile'>libpam.[so,a]</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>provides the interfaces between applications and the
          PAM modules.</para>
          <indexterm zone="Linux_PAM libpam">
            <primary sortas="c-libpam">libpam.[so,a]</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

    </variablelist>

  </sect2>

</sect1>