1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN"
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3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [
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4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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5 | %general-entities;
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6 |
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7 | <!ENTITY mitkrb-download-http "http://web.mit.edu/kerberos/www/dist/krb5/1.3/krb5-&mitkrb-version;.tar">
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8 | <!ENTITY mitkrb-download-ftp " ">
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9 | <!ENTITY mitkrb-size "6.2 MB">
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10 | <!ENTITY mitkrb-buildsize "138.4 MB">
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11 | <!ENTITY mitkrb-time "2.55 SBU">
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12 | ]>
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13 |
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14 | <sect1 id="mitkrb" xreflabel="MIT krb5-&mitkrb-version;">
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15 | <sect1info>
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16 | <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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17 | <date>$Date$</date>
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18 | </sect1info>
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19 | <?dbhtml filename="mitkrb.html"?>
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20 | <title><acronym>MIT</acronym> krb5-&mitkrb-version;</title>
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21 |
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22 | <sect2>
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23 | <title>Introduction to <application><acronym>MIT</acronym> krb5</application></title>
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24 |
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25 | <para>
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26 | <application><acronym>MIT</acronym> krb5</application> is a free
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27 | implementation of Kerberos 5. Kerberos is a network authentication
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28 | protocol. It centralizes the authentication database and uses kerberized
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29 | applications to work with servers or services that support Kerberos
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30 | allowing single logins and encrypted communication over internal
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31 | networks or the Internet.
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32 | </para>
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33 |
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34 | <sect3><title>Package information</title>
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35 | <itemizedlist spacing='compact'>
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36 | <listitem><para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&mitkrb-download-http;"/></para></listitem>
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37 | <listitem><para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&mitkrb-download-ftp;"/></para></listitem>
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38 | <listitem><para>Download size: &mitkrb-size;</para></listitem>
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39 | <listitem><para>Estimated Disk space required: &mitkrb-buildsize;</para></listitem>
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40 | <listitem><para>Estimated build time: &mitkrb-time;</para></listitem></itemizedlist>
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41 | </sect3>
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42 |
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43 | <sect3><title><application><acronym>MIT</acronym> krb5</application> dependencies</title>
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44 | <sect4><title>Optional</title>
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45 | <para>
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46 | <xref linkend="xinetd"/> (services servers only),
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47 | <xref linkend="Linux_PAM"/> (for <command>xdm</command> based logins) and
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48 | <xref linkend="openldap"/> (alternative for <command>krb5kdc</command>
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49 | password database)
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50 | </para>
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51 |
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52 | <note><para>
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53 | Some sort of time synchronization facility on your system (like
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54 | <xref linkend="ntp"/>) is required since Kerberos won't authenticate if there
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55 | is a time difference between a kerberized client and the
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56 | <acronym>KDC</acronym> server.</para></note>
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57 | </sect4>
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58 |
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59 | </sect3>
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60 |
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61 | </sect2>
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62 |
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63 | <sect2>
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64 | <title>Installation of <application><acronym>MIT</acronym> krb5</application></title>
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65 |
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66 | <para>
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67 | <application><acronym>MIT</acronym> krb5</application> is distributed in a
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68 | <acronym>TAR</acronym> file containing a compressed <acronym>TAR</acronym>
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69 | package and a detached <acronym>PGP</acronym>
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70 | <filename class="extension">ASC</filename> file.
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71 | </para>
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72 |
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73 | <para>
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74 | If you have installed <xref linkend="gnupg"/>, you can
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75 | authenticate the package with the following command:
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76 | </para>
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77 |
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78 | <screen><userinput><command>gpg --verify krb5-&mitkrb-version;.tar.gz.asc krb5-&mitkrb-version;.tar.gz</command></userinput></screen>
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79 |
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80 | <para>
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81 | Build <application><acronym>MIT</acronym> krb5</application> by running the
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82 | following commands:
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83 | </para>
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84 |
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85 | <screen><userinput><command>cd src &&
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86 | ./configure --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc \
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87 | --localstatedir=/var/lib --enable-dns --enable-shared --mandir=/usr/share/man &&
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88 | make</command></userinput></screen>
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89 |
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90 | <para>
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91 | Install <application><acronym>MIT</acronym> krb5</application> by
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92 | running the following commands as root:
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93 | </para>
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94 |
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95 | <screen><userinput><command>make install &&
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96 | mv /bin/login /bin/login.shadow &&
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97 | cp /usr/sbin/login.krb5 /bin/login &&
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98 | mv /usr/bin/ksu /bin &&
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99 | mv /usr/lib/libkrb5.so.3* /lib &&
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100 | mv /usr/lib/libkrb4.so.2* /lib &&
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101 | mv /usr/lib/libdes425.so.3* /lib &&
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102 | mv /usr/lib/libk5crypto.so.3* /lib &&
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103 | ln -sf ../../lib/libkrb5.so /usr/lib &&
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104 | ln -sf ../../lib/libkrb4.so /usr/lib &&
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105 | ln -sf ../../lib/libdes425.so /usr/lib &&
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106 | ln -sf ../../lib/libk5crypto.so /usr/lib &&
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107 | ldconfig</command></userinput></screen>
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108 |
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109 | </sect2>
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110 |
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111 | <sect2>
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112 | <title>Command explanations</title>
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113 |
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114 | <para>
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115 | <parameter>--enable-dns</parameter>: This switch allows realms to
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116 | be resolved using the <acronym>DNS</acronym> server.
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117 | </para>
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118 |
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119 | <para>
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120 | <screen><command>mv /bin/login /bin/login.shadow
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121 | cp /usr/sbin/login.krb5 /bin/login
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122 | mv /usr/bin/ksu /bin</command></screen>
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123 | Preserves <application>Shadow</application>'s <command>login</command>
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124 | command, moves <command>ksu</command> and <command>login</command> to
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125 | the <filename class="directory">/bin</filename> directory.
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126 | </para>
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127 |
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128 | <para>
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129 | <screen><command>mv /usr/lib/libkrb5.so.3* /lib
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130 | mv /usr/lib/libkrb4.so.2* /lib
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131 | mv /usr/lib/libdes425.so.3* /lib
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132 | mv /usr/lib/libk5crypto.so.3* /lib
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133 | ln -sf ../../lib/libkrb5.so /usr/lib
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134 | ln -sf ../../lib/libkrb4.so /usr/lib
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135 | ln -sf ../../lib/libdes425.so /usr/lib
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136 | ln -sf ../../lib/libk5crypto.so /usr/lib</command></screen>
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137 | The <command>login</command> and <command>ksu</command> programs
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138 | are linked against these libraries, therefore we move these libraries to
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139 | <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> to allow logins without mounting
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140 | <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>.
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141 | </para>
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142 |
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143 | </sect2>
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144 |
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145 | <sect2>
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146 | <title>Configuring <application><acronym>MIT</acronym> krb5</application></title>
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147 |
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148 | <sect3><title>Config files</title>
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149 | <para>
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150 | <filename>/etc/krb5.conf</filename> and
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151 | <filename>/var/lib/krb5kdc/kdc.conf</filename>
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152 | </para>
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153 | </sect3>
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154 |
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155 | <sect3><title>Configuration Information</title>
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156 |
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157 | <sect4><title>Kerberos Configuration</title>
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158 |
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159 | <para>
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160 | Create the Kerberos configuration file with the following command:
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161 | </para>
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162 |
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163 | <screen><userinput><command>cat > /etc/krb5.conf << "EOF"</command>
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164 | # Begin /etc/krb5.conf
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165 |
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166 | [libdefaults]
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167 | default_realm = <replaceable>[LFS.ORG]</replaceable>
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168 | encrypt = true
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169 |
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170 | [realms]
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171 | <replaceable>[LFS.ORG]</replaceable> = {
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172 | kdc = <replaceable>[belgarath.lfs.org]</replaceable>
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173 | admin_server = <replaceable>[belgarath.lfs.org]</replaceable>
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174 | }
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175 |
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176 | [domain_realm]
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177 | .<replaceable>[lfs.org]</replaceable> = <replaceable>[LFS.ORG]</replaceable>
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178 |
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179 | [logging]
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180 | kdc = SYSLOG[:INFO[:AUTH]]
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181 | admin_server = SYSLOG[INFO[:AUTH]]
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182 | default = SYSLOG[[:SYS]]
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183 |
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184 | # End /etc/krb5.conf
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185 | <command>EOF</command></userinput></screen>
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186 |
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187 | <para>
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188 | You will need to substitute your domain and proper hostname for the
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189 | occurances of the <replaceable>[belgarath]</replaceable> and
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190 | <replaceable>[lfs.org]</replaceable> names.
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191 | </para>
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192 |
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193 | <para>
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194 | <userinput>default_realm</userinput> should be the name of your domain changed
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195 | to ALL CAPS. This isn't required, but both <application>Heimdal</application>
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196 | and <acronym>MIT</acronym> recommend it.
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197 | </para>
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198 |
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199 | <para>
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200 | <userinput>encrypt = true</userinput> provides encryption of all traffic
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201 | between kerberized clients and servers. It's not necessary and can be left
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202 | off. If you leave it off, you can encrypt all traffic from the client to the
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203 | server using a switch on the client program instead.
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204 | </para>
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205 |
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206 | <para>
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207 | The <userinput>[realms]</userinput> parameters tell the client programs where
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208 | to look for the <acronym>KDC</acronym> authentication services.
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209 | </para>
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210 |
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211 | <para>
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212 | The <userinput>[domain_realm]</userinput> section maps a domain to a realm.
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213 | </para>
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214 |
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215 | <para>
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216 | Create the <acronym>KDC</acronym> database:
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217 | </para>
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218 |
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219 | <screen><userinput><command>kdb5_util create -r <replaceable>[LFS.ORG]</replaceable> -s </command></userinput></screen>
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220 |
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221 | <para>
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222 | Now you should populate the database with principles (users). For now,
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223 | just use your regular login name or root.
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224 | </para>
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225 |
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226 | <screen><userinput><command>kadmin.local</command></userinput>
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227 | <prompt>kadmin:</prompt><userinput><command>addprinc <replaceable>[loginname]</replaceable></command></userinput></screen>
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228 |
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229 | <para>
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230 | The <acronym>KDC</acronym> server and any machine running kerberized
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231 | server daemons must have a host key installed:
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232 | </para>
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233 |
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234 | <screen><prompt>kadmin:</prompt><userinput><command>addprinc --randkey host/<replaceable>[belgarath.lfs.org]</replaceable></command></userinput></screen>
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235 |
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236 | <para>
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237 | After choosing the defaults when prompted, you will have to export the
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238 | data to a keytab file:
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239 | </para>
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240 |
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241 | <screen><prompt>kadmin:</prompt><userinput><command>ktadd host/<replaceable>[belgarath.lfs.org]</replaceable></command></userinput></screen>
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242 |
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243 | <para>
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244 | This should have created a file in <filename class="directory">/etc</filename>
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245 | named <filename>krb5.keytab</filename> (Kerberos 5). This file should have 600
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246 | (root rw only) permissions. Keeping the keytab files from public access
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247 | is crucial to the overall security of the Kerberos installation.
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248 | </para>
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249 |
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250 | <para>
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251 | Eventually, you'll want to add server daemon principles to the database
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252 | and extract them to the keytab file. You do this in the same way you
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253 | created the host principles. Below is an example:
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254 | </para>
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255 |
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256 | <screen><prompt>kadmin:</prompt><userinput><command>addprinc --randkey ftp/<replaceable>[belgarath.lfs.org]</replaceable></command></userinput>
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257 | <prompt>kadmin:</prompt><userinput><command>ktadd ftp/<replaceable>[belgarath.lfs.org]</replaceable></command></userinput></screen>
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258 |
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259 | <para>
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260 | Exit the <command>kadmin</command> program (use <command>quit</command>
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261 | or <command>exit</command>) and return back to the shell prompt. Start
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262 | the <acronym>KDC</acronym> daemon manually, just to test out the
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263 | installation:
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264 | </para>
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265 |
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266 | <screen><userinput><command>/usr/sbin/krb5kdc &</command></userinput></screen>
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267 |
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268 | <para>
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269 | Attempt to get a ticket with the following command:
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270 | </para>
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271 |
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272 | <screen><userinput><command>kinit <replaceable>[loginname]</replaceable></command></userinput></screen>
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273 |
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274 | <para>
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275 | You will be prompted for the password you created. After you get your
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276 | ticket, you can list it with the following command:
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277 | </para>
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278 |
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279 | <screen><userinput><command>klist</command></userinput></screen>
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280 |
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281 | <para>
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282 | Information about the ticket should be displayed on the screen.
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283 | </para>
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284 |
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285 | <para>
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286 | To test the functionality of the keytab file, issue the following
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287 | command:
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288 | </para>
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289 |
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290 | <screen><userinput><command>ktutil</command></userinput>
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291 | <prompt>ktutil:</prompt><userinput><command>rkt /etc/krb5.keytab</command></userinput>
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292 | <prompt>ktutil:</prompt><userinput><command>l</command></userinput></screen>
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293 |
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294 | <para>
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295 | This should dump a list of the host principal, along with the encryption
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296 | methods used to access the principal.
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297 | </para>
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298 |
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299 | <para>
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300 | At this point, if everything has been successful so far, you can feel
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301 | fairly confident in the installation and configuration of the package.
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302 | </para>
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303 |
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304 | <para>
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305 | Install the <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/kerberos</filename> init script
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306 | included in the <xref linkend="intro-important-bootscripts"/> package.
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307 | </para>
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308 |
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309 | <screen><userinput><command>make install-kerberos</command></userinput></screen>
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310 |
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311 | </sect4>
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312 |
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313 | <sect4><title>Using Kerberized Client Programs</title>
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314 |
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315 | <para>
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316 | To use the kerberized client programs (<command>telnet</command>,
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317 | <command>ftp</command>, <command>rsh</command>,
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318 | <command>rcp</command>, <command>rlogin</command>), you first must get
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319 | an authentication ticket. Use the <command>kinit</command> program to
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320 | get the ticket. After you've acquired the ticket, you can use the
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321 | kerberized programs to connect to any kerberized server on the network.
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322 | You will not be prompted for authentication until your ticket expires
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323 | (default is one day), unless you specify a different user as a command
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324 | line argument to the program.
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325 | </para>
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326 |
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327 | <para>
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328 | The kerberized programs will connect to non kerberized daemons, warning
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329 | you that authentication is not encrypted.
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330 | </para>
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331 | </sect4>
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332 |
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333 | <sect4><title>Using Kerberized Server Programs</title>
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334 | <para>
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335 | Using kerberized server programs (<command>telnetd</command>,
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336 | <command>kpropd</command>, <command>klogind</command> and
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337 | <command>kshd</command>) requires two additional configuration steps.
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338 | First the <filename>/etc/services</filename> file must be updated to
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339 | include eklogin and krb5_prop. Second, the <filename>inetd.conf</filename>
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340 | or <filename>xinetd.conf</filename> must be modified for each server that will
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341 | be activated, usually replacing the server from <xref linkend="inetutils"/>.
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342 | </para>
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343 | </sect4>
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344 |
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345 | <sect4><title>Additional Information</title>
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346 | <para>
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347 | For additional information consult <ulink
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348 | url="http://web.mit.edu/kerberos/www/krb5-1.3/#documentation">Documentation
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349 | for krb-&mitkrb-version;</ulink> on which the above instructions are based.
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350 | </para>
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351 |
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352 | </sect4>
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353 |
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354 | </sect3>
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355 |
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356 | </sect2>
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357 |
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358 | <sect2>
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359 | <title>Contents</title>
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360 |
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361 | <para>
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362 | The <application>MIT krb5</application> package contains
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363 | <command>compile-et</command>,
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364 | <command>ftp</command>,
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365 | <command>ftpd</command>,
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366 | <command>gss-client</command>,
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367 | <command>gss-server</command>,
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368 | <command>k5srvutil</command>,
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369 | <command>kadmin</command>,
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370 | <command>kadmin.local</command>,
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371 | <command>kadmind</command>,
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372 | <command>kadmind4</command>,
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373 | <command>kdb5_util</command>
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374 | <command>kdestroy</command>,
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375 | <command>kinit</command>,
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376 | <command>klist</command>,
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377 | <command>klogind</command>,
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378 | <command>kpasswd</command>,
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379 | <command>kprop</command>,
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380 | <command>kpropd</command>,
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381 | <command>krb5-send-pr</command>,
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382 | <command>krb5-config</command>,
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383 | <command>krb524d</command>,
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384 | <command>krb524init</command>,
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385 | <command>krb5kdc</command>,
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386 | <command>kshd</command>,
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387 | <command>ksu</command>,
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388 | <command>ktutil</command>,
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389 | <command>kvno</command>,
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390 | <command>login.krb5</command>,
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391 | <command>rcp</command>,
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392 | <command>rlogin</command>,
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393 | <command>rsh</command>,
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394 | <command>rshd</command>,
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395 | <command>rxtelnet</command>,
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396 | <command>rxterm</command>,
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397 | <command>sclient</command>,
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398 | <command>sim_client</command>,
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399 | <command>sim_server</command>,
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400 | <command>sserver</command>,
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401 | <command>telnet</command>,
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402 | <command>telnetd</command>,
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403 | <command>uuclient</command>,
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404 | <command>uuserver</command>,
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405 | <command>v5passwd</command>,
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406 | <command>v5passwdd</command>,
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407 | <filename class="libraryfile">libcom_err</filename>,
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408 | <filename class="libraryfile">libdes425</filename>,
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409 | <filename class="libraryfile">libgssapi</filename>,
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410 | <filename class="libraryfile">libgssrpc</filename>,
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411 | <filename class="libraryfile">lib5crypto</filename>,
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412 | <filename class="libraryfile">libkadm5clnt</filename>,
|
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413 | <filename class="libraryfile">libkadm5srv</filename>,
|
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414 | <filename class="libraryfile">libkdb5</filename>,
|
---|
415 | <filename class="libraryfile">libkrb4</filename> and
|
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416 | <filename class="libraryfile">libkrb5</filename>.
|
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417 | </para>
|
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418 |
|
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419 | </sect2>
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420 |
|
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421 | <sect2><title>Description</title>
|
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422 |
|
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423 | <sect3><title>compile_et</title>
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424 | <para>
|
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425 | <command>compile_et</command> converts the table listing
|
---|
426 | error-code names into a <application>C</application> source file.
|
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427 | </para>
|
---|
428 | </sect3>
|
---|
429 |
|
---|
430 | <sect3><title>k5srvutil</title>
|
---|
431 | <para>
|
---|
432 | <command>k5srvutil</command> is a host keytable manipulation utility.
|
---|
433 | </para>
|
---|
434 | </sect3>
|
---|
435 |
|
---|
436 | <sect3><title>kadmin</title>
|
---|
437 | <para>
|
---|
438 | <command>kadmin</command> is an utility used to make modifications
|
---|
439 | to the Kerberos database.
|
---|
440 | </para>
|
---|
441 | </sect3>
|
---|
442 |
|
---|
443 | <sect3><title>kadmind</title>
|
---|
444 | <para>
|
---|
445 | <command>kadmind</command> is a server for administrative access
|
---|
446 | to a Kerberos database.
|
---|
447 | </para>
|
---|
448 | </sect3>
|
---|
449 |
|
---|
450 | <sect3><title>kinit</title>
|
---|
451 | <para>
|
---|
452 | <command>kinit</command> is used to authenticate to the Kerberos server as
|
---|
453 | a principal and acquire a ticket granting ticket that can later be used to
|
---|
454 | obtain tickets for other services.
|
---|
455 | </para>
|
---|
456 | </sect3>
|
---|
457 |
|
---|
458 | <sect3><title>krb5kdc</title>
|
---|
459 | <para>
|
---|
460 | <command>krb5kdc</command> is a Kerberos 5 server.
|
---|
461 | </para>
|
---|
462 | </sect3>
|
---|
463 |
|
---|
464 | <sect3><title>kdestroy</title>
|
---|
465 | <para>
|
---|
466 | <command>kdestroy</command> removes the current set of tickets.
|
---|
467 | </para>
|
---|
468 | </sect3>
|
---|
469 |
|
---|
470 | <sect3><title>kdb5_util</title>
|
---|
471 | <para>
|
---|
472 | <command>kdb5_util</command> is the <acronym>KDC</acronym> database utility.
|
---|
473 | </para>
|
---|
474 | </sect3>
|
---|
475 |
|
---|
476 | <sect3><title>klist</title>
|
---|
477 | <para>
|
---|
478 | <command>klist</command> reads and displays the current tickets in
|
---|
479 | the credential cache.
|
---|
480 | </para>
|
---|
481 | </sect3>
|
---|
482 |
|
---|
483 | <sect3><title>klogind</title>
|
---|
484 | <para>
|
---|
485 | <command>klogind</command> is the server that responds to
|
---|
486 | <command>rlogin</command> requests.
|
---|
487 | </para>
|
---|
488 | </sect3>
|
---|
489 |
|
---|
490 | <sect3><title>kpasswd</title>
|
---|
491 | <para>
|
---|
492 | <command>kpasswd</command> is a program for changing Kerberos 5 passwords.
|
---|
493 | </para>
|
---|
494 | </sect3>
|
---|
495 |
|
---|
496 | <sect3><title>kprop</title>
|
---|
497 | <para>
|
---|
498 | <command>kprop</command> takes a principal database in a specified
|
---|
499 | format and converts it into a stream of database
|
---|
500 | records.
|
---|
501 | </para>
|
---|
502 | </sect3>
|
---|
503 |
|
---|
504 | <sect3><title>kpropd</title>
|
---|
505 | <para>
|
---|
506 | <command>kpropd</command> receives a database sent by
|
---|
507 | <command>hprop</command> and writes it as a local database.
|
---|
508 | </para>
|
---|
509 | </sect3>
|
---|
510 |
|
---|
511 | <sect3><title>krb5-config</title>
|
---|
512 | <para>
|
---|
513 | <command>krb5-config</command> gives information on how to link
|
---|
514 | programs against libraries.
|
---|
515 | </para>
|
---|
516 | </sect3>
|
---|
517 |
|
---|
518 | <sect3><title>ksu</title>
|
---|
519 | <para>
|
---|
520 | <command>ksu</command> is the super user program using Kerberos protocol.
|
---|
521 | Requires a properly configured
|
---|
522 | <filename class="directory">/etc/shells</filename> and
|
---|
523 | <filename>~/.k5login</filename> containing principals authorized to
|
---|
524 | become super users.
|
---|
525 | </para>
|
---|
526 | </sect3>
|
---|
527 |
|
---|
528 | <sect3><title>ktutil</title>
|
---|
529 | <para>
|
---|
530 | <command>ktutil</command> is a program for managing Kerberos keytabs.
|
---|
531 | </para>
|
---|
532 | </sect3>
|
---|
533 |
|
---|
534 | <sect3><title>kvno</title>
|
---|
535 | <para>
|
---|
536 | <command>kvno</command> prints keyversion numbers of Kerberos principals.
|
---|
537 | </para>
|
---|
538 | </sect3>
|
---|
539 |
|
---|
540 | </sect2>
|
---|
541 |
|
---|
542 | </sect1>
|
---|