[cf341b4] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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[6732c094] | 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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[cf341b4] | 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 |
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[fc876182] | 7 | <!ENTITY sudo-download-http "http://www.sudo.ws/sudo/dist/sudo-&sudo-version;.tar.gz">
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[cfe8b07] | 8 | <!ENTITY sudo-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.twaren.net/Unix/Security/Sudo/sudo-&sudo-version;.tar.gz">
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[61b8305] | 9 | <!ENTITY sudo-md5sum "b9be6df7ecefedff2263052ed9fc5e93">
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| 10 | <!ENTITY sudo-size "1.5 MB">
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| 11 | <!ENTITY sudo-buildsize "16 MB">
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| 12 | <!ENTITY sudo-time "0.3 SBU">
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[cf341b4] | 13 | ]>
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| 14 |
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[fd680fb] | 15 | <sect1 id="sudo" xreflabel="sudo-&sudo-version;">
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[cf341b4] | 16 | <?dbhtml filename="sudo.html"?>
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| 17 |
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| 18 | <sect1info>
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[e19ad480] | 19 | <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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| 20 | <date>$Date$</date>
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[cf341b4] | 21 | </sect1info>
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| 22 |
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| 23 | <title>Sudo-&sudo-version;</title>
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| 24 |
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| 25 | <indexterm zone="sudo">
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| 26 | <primary sortas="a-sudo">sudo</primary>
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| 27 | </indexterm>
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| 28 |
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| 29 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 30 | <title>Introduction to Sudo</title>
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| 31 |
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| 32 | <para>The <application>sudo</application> package allows a system
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| 33 | administrator to give certain users (or groups of users) the ability to run
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[33d90fe] | 34 | some (or all) commands as
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| 35 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> or another user while
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| 36 | logging the commands and arguments.</para>
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[cf341b4] | 37 |
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[1ed7820] | 38 | &lfs70_checked;
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[a8d3d55a] | 39 |
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[cf341b4] | 40 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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| 41 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 42 | <listitem>
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| 43 | <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&sudo-download-http;"/></para>
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| 44 | </listitem>
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| 45 | <listitem>
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| 46 | <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&sudo-download-ftp;"/></para>
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| 47 | </listitem>
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| 48 | <listitem>
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| 49 | <para>Download MD5 sum: &sudo-md5sum;</para>
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| 50 | </listitem>
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| 51 | <listitem>
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| 52 | <para>Download size: &sudo-size;</para>
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| 53 | </listitem>
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| 54 | <listitem>
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| 55 | <para>Estimated disk space required: &sudo-buildsize;</para>
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| 56 | </listitem>
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| 57 | <listitem>
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| 58 | <para>Estimated build time: &sudo-time;</para>
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| 59 | </listitem>
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| 60 | </itemizedlist>
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| 61 |
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| 62 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Sudo Dependencies</bridgehead>
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| 63 |
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| 64 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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[61b8305] | 65 | <para role="optional"><ulink url="http://www.openafs.org/">AFS</ulink>,
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| 66 | <xref linkend="linux-pam"/>,
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[8890b85f] | 67 | <ulink url="http://www.fwtk.org/">FWTK</ulink>,
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[61b8305] | 68 | <xref linkend="mitkrb"/>,
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[8890b85f] | 69 | an <xref linkend="server-mail"/> (that provides a
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| 70 | <command>sendmail</command> command),
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[61b8305] | 71 | <xref linkend="openldap"/>,
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| 72 | <ulink url="ftp://ftp.nrl.navy.mil/pub/security/opie">Opie</ulink> and
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| 73 | <ulink url="http://www.rsa.com/node.aspx?id=1156">SecurID</ulink></para>
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[b35e86b2] | 74 |
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[3597eb6] | 75 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
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| 76 | <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/sudo"/></para>
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| 77 |
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[cf341b4] | 78 | </sect2>
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| 79 |
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| 80 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 81 | <title>Installation of Sudo</title>
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| 82 |
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| 83 | <para>Install <application>sudo</application> by running
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| 84 | the following commands:</para>
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| 85 |
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[61b8305] | 86 | <screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr \
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| 87 | --libexecdir=/usr/lib/sudo \
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[cfe8b07] | 88 | --with-all-insults \
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[61b8305] | 89 | --with-env-editor \
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[cfe8b07] | 90 | --without-pam \
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| 91 | --without-sendmail &&
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[cf341b4] | 92 | make</userinput></screen>
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| 93 |
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[21755bc] | 94 | <para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
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| 95 |
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[cf341b4] | 96 | <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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| 97 |
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| 98 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
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| 99 |
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| 100 | </sect2>
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| 101 |
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| 102 | <sect2 role="commands">
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| 103 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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| 104 |
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| 105 | <para><option>--with-all-insults</option>: This switch includes all the
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[33d90fe] | 106 | <application>sudo</application> insult sets.</para>
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[cf341b4] | 107 |
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[61b8305] | 108 | <para><option>--with-env-editor</option>: This switch enables use of the
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| 109 | environment variable EDITOR for <command>visudo</command>.</para>
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[8890b85f] | 110 |
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[410e228b] | 111 | <para><option>--without-pam</option>: This switch disables the use of
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| 112 | <application>PAM</application> authentication. Omit if you have
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[61b8305] | 113 | <application>Linux PAM</application> installed.</para>
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[8890b85f] | 114 |
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| 115 | <para><option>--without-sendmail</option>: This switch disables the use of
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[61b8305] | 116 | sendmail. Remove if you have a sendmail compatible MTA.</para>
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[8890b85f] | 117 |
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[33d90fe] | 118 | <note>
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| 119 | <para>There are many options to <application>sudo</application>'s
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[cfe8b07] | 120 | <command>configure</command> command. Check the
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| 121 | <command>configure --help</command> output for a complete list.</para>
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[33d90fe] | 122 | </note>
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[cf341b4] | 123 |
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| 124 | </sect2>
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| 125 |
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| 126 | <sect2 role="configuration">
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| 127 | <title>Configuring Sudo</title>
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| 128 |
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| 129 | <sect3 id="sudo-config">
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| 130 | <title>Config File</title>
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| 131 |
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| 132 | <para><filename>/etc/sudoers</filename></para>
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| 133 |
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| 134 | <indexterm zone="sudo sudo-config">
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| 135 | <primary sortas="e-etc-sudoers">/etc/sudoers</primary>
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| 136 | </indexterm>
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| 137 |
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| 138 | </sect3>
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| 139 |
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| 140 | <sect3>
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| 141 | <title>Configuration Information</title>
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| 142 |
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| 143 | <para>The <filename>sudoers</filename> file can be quite complicated. It
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| 144 | is composed of two types of entries: aliases (basically variables) and
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| 145 | user specifications (which specify who may run what). The installation
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| 146 | installs a default configuration that has no privileges installed for any
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| 147 | user.</para>
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| 148 |
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| 149 | <para>One example usage is to allow the system administrator to execute
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| 150 | any program without typing a password each time root privileges are
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| 151 | needed. This can be configured as:</para>
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[bccbdaea] | 152 |
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[ed025d6] | 153 | <screen># User alias specification
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[cf341b4] | 154 | User_Alias ADMIN = YourLoginId
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| 155 |
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| 156 | # Allow people in group ADMIN to run all commands without a password
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| 157 | ADMIN ALL = NOPASSWD: ALL</screen>
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| 158 |
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| 159 | <para>For details, see <command>man sudoers</command>.</para>
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| 160 |
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[3c0f868f] | 161 | <note>
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| 162 | <para>The <application>Sudo</application> developers highly recommend
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| 163 | using the <command>visudo</command> program to edit the
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| 164 | <filename>sudoers</filename> file. This will provide basic sanity
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| 165 | checking like syntax parsing and file permission to avoid some possible
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| 166 | mistakes that could lead to a vulnerable configuration.</para>
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| 167 | </note>
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| 168 |
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[410e228b] | 169 | <para>If you've built <application>Sudo</application> with
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[8890b85f] | 170 | <application>PAM</application> support, issue the following
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| 171 | command as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user
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| 172 | to create the <application>PAM</application> configuration file:</para>
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| 173 |
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[b3a4f60] | 174 | <screen role="root"><userinput>cat > /etc/pam.d/sudo << "EOF" &&
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| 175 | # Begin /etc/pam.d/sudo
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| 176 |
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| 177 | # include the default auth settings
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| 178 | auth include system-auth
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| 179 |
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| 180 | # include the default account settings
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| 181 | account include system-account
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| 182 |
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| 183 | # Set default environment variables for the service user
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| 184 | session required pam_env.so
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| 185 |
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| 186 | # include system session defaults
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| 187 | session include system-session
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| 188 |
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| 189 | # End /etc/pam.d/sudo
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| 190 | EOF
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| 191 | chmod 644 /etc/pam.d/sudo</userinput></screen>
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[fd7e0ed6] | 192 |
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[cf341b4] | 193 | </sect3>
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| 194 |
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| 195 | </sect2>
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| 196 |
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| 197 | <sect2 role="content">
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| 198 | <title>Contents</title>
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| 199 |
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| 200 | <segmentedlist>
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| 201 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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| 202 | <segtitle>Installed Library</segtitle>
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| 203 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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| 204 |
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| 205 | <seglistitem>
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[61b8305] | 206 | <seg>sudo, sudoedit, sudoreplay and visudo</seg>
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| 207 | <seg>sudoers.so and sudo_noexec.so</seg>
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[cf341b4] | 208 | <seg>None</seg>
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| 209 | </seglistitem>
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| 210 | </segmentedlist>
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| 211 |
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| 212 | <variablelist>
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| 213 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 214 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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| 215 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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| 216 |
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| 217 | <varlistentry id="sudo_prog">
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| 218 | <term><command>sudo</command></term>
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| 219 | <listitem>
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| 220 | <para>executes a command as another user as permitted by
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[33d90fe] | 221 | the <filename>/etc/sudoers</filename> configuration file.
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[cf341b4] | 222 | </para>
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| 223 | <indexterm zone="sudo sudo">
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| 224 | <primary sortas="b-sudo">sudo</primary>
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| 225 | </indexterm>
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| 226 | </listitem>
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| 227 | </varlistentry>
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| 228 |
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| 229 | <varlistentry id="sudoedit">
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| 230 | <term><command>sudoedit</command></term>
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| 231 | <listitem>
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| 232 | <para>is a hard link to <command>sudo</command> that implies
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[33d90fe] | 233 | the <option>-e</option> option to invoke an editor as another
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| 234 | user.</para>
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[cf341b4] | 235 | <indexterm zone="sudo sudoedit">
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| 236 | <primary sortas="b-sudoedit">sudoedit</primary>
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| 237 | </indexterm>
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| 238 | </listitem>
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| 239 | </varlistentry>
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| 240 |
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[3c0f868f] | 241 | <varlistentry id="visudo">
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| 242 | <term><command>visudo</command></term>
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| 243 | <listitem>
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| 244 | <para>allows for safer editing of the <filename>sudoers</filename>
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| 245 | file.</para>
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| 246 | <indexterm zone="sudo visudo">
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| 247 | <primary sortas="b-visudo">visudo</primary>
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| 248 | </indexterm>
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| 249 | </listitem>
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| 250 | </varlistentry>
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| 251 |
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[61b8305] | 252 | <varlistentry id="sudoreplay">
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| 253 | <term><command>sudoreplay</command></term>
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| 254 | <listitem>
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| 255 | <para>is used to play back or list the output
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| 256 | logs created by <command>sudo</command>.</para>
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| 257 | <indexterm zone="sudo sudoreplay">
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| 258 | <primary sortas="b-sudoreplay">sudoreplay</primary>
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| 259 | </indexterm>
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| 260 | </listitem>
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| 261 | </varlistentry>
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| 262 |
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| 263 | <varlistentry id="sudoers">
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| 264 | <term><filename class='libraryfile'>sudoers.so</filename></term>
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| 265 | <listitem>
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| 266 | <para>is default sudo security policy module.</para>
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| 267 | <indexterm zone="sudo sudoers">
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| 268 | <primary sortas="c-sudoers">sudoers.so</primary>
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| 269 | </indexterm>
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| 270 | </listitem>
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| 271 | </varlistentry>
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[3c0f868f] | 272 |
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[cf341b4] | 273 | <varlistentry id="sudo_noexec">
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| 274 | <term><filename class='libraryfile'>sudo_noexec.so</filename></term>
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| 275 | <listitem>
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| 276 | <para>enables support for the "noexec" functionality which prevents
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| 277 | a dynamically-linked program being run by sudo from executing
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| 278 | another program (think shell escapes).</para>
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| 279 | <indexterm zone="sudo sudo_noexec">
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| 280 | <primary sortas="c-sudo_noexec">sudo_noexec.so</primary>
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| 281 | </indexterm>
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| 282 | </listitem>
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| 283 | </varlistentry>
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| 284 |
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| 285 | </variablelist>
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| 286 |
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| 287 | </sect2>
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| 288 |
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| 289 | </sect1>
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