source: postlfs/virtualization/qemu-kvm.xml@ 352b545

10.0 10.1 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 12.0 12.1 12.2 7.10 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.6-blfs 7.6-systemd 7.7 7.8 7.9 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 9.0 9.1 basic bdubbs/svn elogind gimp3 gnome kde5-13430 kde5-14269 kde5-14686 kea ken/TL2024 ken/inkscape-core-mods ken/tuningfonts krejzi/svn lazarus lxqt nosym perl-modules plabs/newcss plabs/python-mods python3.11 qt5new rahul/power-profiles-daemon renodr/vulkan-addition systemd-11177 systemd-13485 trunk upgradedb xry111/for-12.3 xry111/intltool xry111/llvm18 xry111/soup3 xry111/spidermonkey128 xry111/test-20220226 xry111/xf86-video-removal
Last change on this file since 352b545 was 352b545, checked in by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@…>, 12 years ago

Update to qemu-kvm-1.1.1

git-svn-id: svn://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/BLFS/trunk/BOOK@10648 af4574ff-66df-0310-9fd7-8a98e5e911e0

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File size: 12.1 KB
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6
7 <!ENTITY qemu-kvm-download-http " ">
8 <!ENTITY qemu-kvm-download-ftp "&sourceforge-repo2;/projects/kvm/files/qemu-kvm/&qemu-kvm-version;/qemu-kvm-&qemu-kvm-version;.tar.gz">
9 <!ENTITY qemu-kvm-md5sum "f8f5629b00f48192cc0467e1d31c4dd2">
10 <!ENTITY qemu-kvm-size "6.3 MB">
11 <!ENTITY qemu-kvm-buildsize "135 MB">
12 <!ENTITY qemu-kvm-time "1.4 SBU">
13]>
14
15<sect1 id="qemu-kvm" xreflabel="qemu-kvm-&qemu-kvm-version;">
16 <?dbhtml filename="qemu-kvm.html"?>
17
18 <sect1info>
19 <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
20 <date>$Date$</date>
21 </sect1info>
22
23 <title>qemu-kvm-&qemu-kvm-version;</title>
24
25 <indexterm zone="qemu-kvm">
26 <primary sortas="a-qemu-kvm">qemu-kvm</primary>
27 </indexterm>
28
29 <sect2 role="package">
30 <title>Introduction to qemu-kvm</title>
31
32 <para><application>qemu-kvm</application> is a full virtualization solution
33 for Linux on x86 hardware containing virtualization extensions (Intel VT or
34 AMD-V).</para>
35
36 &lfs72_checked;
37
38 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
39 <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
40 <listitem>
41 <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&qemu-kvm-download-http;"/></para>
42 </listitem>
43 <listitem>
44 <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&qemu-kvm-download-ftp;"/></para>
45 </listitem>
46 <listitem>
47 <para>Download MD5 sum: &qemu-kvm-md5sum;</para>
48 </listitem>
49 <listitem>
50 <para>Download size: &qemu-kvm-size;</para>
51 </listitem>
52 <listitem>
53 <para>Estimated disk space required: &qemu-kvm-buildsize;</para>
54 </listitem>
55 <listitem>
56 <para>Estimated build time: &qemu-kvm-time;</para>
57 </listitem>
58 </itemizedlist>
59
60 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Qemu-kvm Dependencies</bridgehead>
61
62 <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Required</bridgehead>
63 <para role="required">
64 <xref linkend="glib2"/>,
65 <xref linkend="python2"/>,
66 <xref linkend="sdl"/>, and
67 <xref linkend="x-window-system"/>
68 </para>
69
70 <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
71 <para role="optional">
72 <xref linkend="alsa"/>,
73 <xref linkend="attr"/>,
74 <xref linkend="check"/>,
75 <xref linkend="curl"/>,
76 <xref linkend="esound"/>,
77 <xref linkend="mesalib"/>, and
78 <xref linkend="cyrus-sasl"/>.
79 Note that this optional dependencies list is not comprehensive. See the
80 output of <command>./configure --help</command> for a more complete list.
81 </para>
82
83 <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
84 <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/qemu-kvm"/></para>
85
86 </sect2>
87
88 <sect2 id='qemu-kvm-prereq'>
89 <title>KVM Prerequsites</title>
90
91 <para>Before building <application>qemu-kvm</application>, check to see if
92 your processor supports Virtualization Technology (VT):</para>
93
94 <screen><userinput>egrep '^flags.*(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo</userinput></screen>
95
96 <para>If you get any output, you have VT technology (vmx for Intel
97 processors and svm for AMD processors). You then need to go into your
98 system BIOS and ensure it is enabled. After enabing, reboot back to your
99 LFS instance.</para>
100
101 </sect2>
102
103 <sect2 role="kernel" id='qemu-kvm-kernel'>
104 <title>Kernel Configuration</title>
105
106 <para>Enable the following options in the kernel configuration
107 and recompile the kernel if necessary:</para>
108
109<screen><literal>Virtualization: Y
110 Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM) support: M or Y
111 KVM for Intel processors support: M or Y
112 KVM for AMD processors support: M or Y</literal></screen>
113
114 <indexterm zone="qemu-kvm qemu-kvm-kernel">
115 <primary sortas="d-qemu-kvm">kvm-qemu</primary>
116 </indexterm>
117
118 <para>The Intel or AMD settings are not both required, but the one matching
119 your system processor is required.</para>
120
121 <para>For networking, check that the settings CONFIG_BRIDGE, CONFIG_STP,
122 CONFIG_TUN are enabled and <xref linkend='bridgeutils'/> is
123 installed.</para>
124
125 </sect2>
126
127 <sect2 role="installation">
128 <title>Installation of qemu-kvm</title>
129
130 <para>If <application>xorg</application> is not installed in
131 <filename class='directory'>/usr</filename>, then the linker needs to
132 be told where it is. For example:</para>
133
134<screen><userinput>export LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/xorg/lib</userinput></screen>
135
136 <para>Install <application>qemu-kvm</application> by running the following
137 commands:</para>
138
139<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr &amp;&amp;
140make</userinput></screen>
141
142 <para>Testing the results is not automated. To run individual tests, change
143 to the <filename class='directory'>tests/</filename> directory, and examine
144 the <filename>Makefile</filename>. Each test may be run individually with
145 <command>make run-&lt;test name&gt;</command>.</para>
146
147 <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
148
149<screen role="root"><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
150
151 <note><para>The main program <command>qemu-system-x86_64</command> doesn't
152 make a distinction between i386 and x86_64 so even on an i386 system you
153 should use <emphasis>qemu-system-x86_64</emphasis></para>
154
155 <para>For convenience you may want to create a symbolic link to run
156 <command>qemu-system-x86_64</command>:</para>
157
158 <screen><userinput>ln -sv qemu-system-x86_64 /usr/bin/qemu</userinput></screen>
159 </note>
160
161 </sect2>
162
163 <sect2 role="configuration">
164 <title>Configuring qemu-kvm</title>
165
166 <para>To generate an image, run:</para>
167
168 <screen><userinput>qemu-img create -f qcow2 vdisk.img 10G</userinput></screen>
169
170 <para>Adjust the virtual disk size and image filename as desired. The
171 actual size of the file will be less than specified, but will expand as it
172 is used.</para>
173
174 <note><para>The following instructions assume you have created the optional
175 symbolic link, <userinput>qemu</userinput>. Additionally, you must run
176 <userinput>qemu</userinput> as the <systemitem
177 class="username">root</systemitem> user command from an X-Windows based
178 terminal.</para></note>
179
180 <para>To install an operating system, download an iso of your choice or use
181 a pre-intalled cdrom device. For the purposes of this example, we will use
182 Fedora 16 that is downloaded as
183 <filename>Fedora-16-x86_64-Live-LXDE.iso</filename> in the current
184 directory. Run the following:</para>
185
186<screen><userinput>qemu -hda vdisk.img \
187 -cdrom Fedora-16-x86_64-Live-LXDE.iso \
188 -boot d \
189 -m 384</userinput></screen>
190
191 <para>Follow the normal installation procedures for the chosen
192 distribution. The -boot option specifies the boot order of drives as a string
193 of drive letters. Valid drive letters are: a, b (floppy 1 and 2), c (first
194 hard disk), d (first CD-ROM). The -m option is the amount of memory to use
195 for the virtual machine. If you have sufficient memory (2G or more), 1G is
196 a reasonable value. For computers with 512MB of RAM it's safe to use -m
197 192, or even -m 128 (the default).</para>
198
199 <para>To run the newly installed operating system, run:</para>
200
201<screen><userinput>qemu vdisk.img -m 384</userinput></screen>
202
203 <para>To add networking to the instance add "-net nic -net user" to the
204 command above. qemu provides a DHCP server for the VM and, depending on
205 the client system, sets up networking though the host.</para>
206
207 <para>One problem with the above networking solution is that it does not
208 provide the ability to connect with the local network. To do that, there are
209 several additional steps that need to be done, all as the <systemitem
210 class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
211
212 <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
213 <listitem>
214 <para>Set up bridging with <xref linkend='bridgeutils'/>.</para>
215 </listitem>
216
217 <listitem>
218 <para>Allow the host system to forward IP packets.</para>
219
220<screen><userinput>sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1</userinput></screen>
221
222 <para>To make this permanent, add the command to
223 <filename>/etc/syssysctl.conf:</filename></para>
224
225<screen><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf &lt;&lt; EOF
226net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
227EOF</userinput></screen>
228
229 </listitem>
230
231 <listitem>
232 <para>Create scripts for qemu to attach the client network
233 device, usually visible as tap0, to the host bridge.</para>
234
235<screen><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/qemu-ifup &lt;&lt; EOF
236#!/bin/bash
237
238switch=br0
239
240if [ -n "$1" ]; then
241 # Add new tap0 interface to bridge
242 /sbin/ip link set $1 up
243 sleep 0.5s
244 /usr/sbin/brctl addif $switch $1
245else
246 echo "Error: no interface specified"
247 exit 1
248fi
249
250exit 0
251EOF</userinput></screen>
252
253<screen><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/qemu-ifdown &lt;&lt; EOF
254#!/bin/bash
255
256switch=br0
257
258if [ -n "$1" ]; then
259 # Remove tap0 interface from bridge
260 /usr/sbin/brctl delif $switch $1
261else
262 echo "Error: no interface specified"
263 exit 1
264fi
265
266exit 0
267EOF</userinput></screen>
268
269 </listitem>
270
271 <listitem>
272 <para>Start qemu with "-net nic -net tap" options. </para>
273 </listitem>
274
275 <listitem>
276 <para>If a connection, such as ssh, from the local network to the
277 client VM is desired, the client should probably be configured
278 with a static IP address.</para>
279 </listitem>
280
281 </itemizedlist>
282
283 </sect2>
284
285 <sect2 role="content">
286 <title>Contents</title>
287
288 <segmentedlist>
289 <segtitle>Installed Program</segtitle>
290 <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
291 <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
292
293 <seglistitem>
294 <seg>qemu-ga, qemu-img, qemu-io, qemu-nbd, qemu-system-x86_64</seg>
295 <seg>None</seg>
296 <seg>/etc/qemu, /usr/share/qemu, /usr/share/doc/qemu</seg>
297 </seglistitem>
298 </segmentedlist>
299
300 <variablelist>
301 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Description</bridgehead>
302 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
303 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
304
305 <varlistentry id="qemu-ga">
306 <term><command>qemu-ga</command></term>
307 <listitem>
308 <para>implements support for QMP (QEMU Monitor Protocol) commands and
309 events that terminate and originate respectively within the guest
310 using an agent built as part of QEMU.</para>
311 <indexterm zone="qemu-kvm qemu-ga">
312 <primary sortas="b-qemu-ga">qemu-ga</primary>
313 </indexterm>
314 </listitem>
315 </varlistentry>
316
317 <varlistentry id="qemu-img">
318 <term><command>qemu-img</command></term>
319 <listitem>
320 <para>provides commands to manage QEMU disk images.</para>
321 <indexterm zone="qemu-kvm qemu-img">
322 <primary sortas="b-qemu-img">qemu-img</primary>
323 </indexterm>
324 </listitem>
325 </varlistentry>
326
327 <varlistentry id="qemu-io">
328 <term><command>qemu-io</command></term>
329 <listitem>
330 <para>is a diagnostic and manipulation program for (virtual) memory
331 media. It is still at an early stage of development.</para>
332 <indexterm zone="qemu-kvm qemu-io">
333 <primary sortas="b-qemu-io">qemu-io</primary>
334 </indexterm>
335 </listitem>
336 </varlistentry>
337
338 <varlistentry id="qemu-nbd">
339 <term><command>qemu-nbd</command></term>
340 <listitem>
341 <para>exports Qemu disk images using the QEMU Disk Network Block
342 Device (NBD) protocol.</para>
343 <indexterm zone="qemu-kvm qemu-nbd">
344 <primary sortas="b-qemu-nbd">qemu-nbd</primary>
345 </indexterm>
346 </listitem>
347 </varlistentry>
348
349 <varlistentry id="qemu-system">
350 <term><command>qemu-system-x86_64</command></term>
351 <listitem>
352 <para>is the QEMU PC System emulator.</para>
353 <indexterm zone="qemu-kvm qemu-system">
354 <primary sortas="b-qemu-system">qemu-system-x86_64</primary>
355 </indexterm>
356 </listitem>
357 </varlistentry>
358
359 </variablelist>
360
361 </sect2>
362
363</sect1>
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