| 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 |
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| 7 | <!ENTITY cups-download-http "http://ftp.easysw.com/pub/cups/&cups-version;/cups-&cups-version;-source.tar.bz2">
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| 8 | <!ENTITY cups-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.easysw.com/pub/cups/&cups-version;/cups-&cups-version;-source.tar.bz2">
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| 9 | <!ENTITY cups-md5sum "e54ed09ede2340fc3014913333520fe4">
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| 10 | <!ENTITY cups-size "3.9 MB">
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| 11 | <!ENTITY cups-buildsize "91 MB">
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| 12 | <!ENTITY cups-time "0.7 SBU">
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| 13 | ]>
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| 14 |
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| 15 | <sect1 id="cups" xreflabel="Cups-&cups-version;">
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| 16 | <?dbhtml filename="cups.html"?>
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| 17 |
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| 18 | <sect1info>
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| 19 | <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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| 20 | <date>$Date$</date>
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| 21 | </sect1info>
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| 22 |
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| 23 | <title>Cups-&cups-version;</title>
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| 24 |
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| 25 | <indexterm zone="cups">
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| 26 | <primary sortas="a-Cups">Cups</primary>
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| 27 | </indexterm>
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| 28 |
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| 29 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 30 | <title>Introduction to Cups</title>
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| 31 |
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| 32 | <para>The Common Unix Printing System (CUPS) is a print spooler and
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| 33 | associated utilities. It is based on the "Internet Printing
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| 34 | Protocol" and provides printing services to most PostScript and raster
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| 35 | printers.</para>
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| 36 |
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| 37 | &lfs71_checked;
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| 38 |
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| 39 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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| 40 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 41 | <listitem>
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| 42 | <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&cups-download-http;"/></para>
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| 43 | </listitem>
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| 44 | <listitem>
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| 45 | <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&cups-download-ftp;"/></para>
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| 46 | </listitem>
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| 47 | <listitem>
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| 48 | <para>Download MD5 sum: &cups-md5sum;</para>
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| 49 | </listitem>
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| 50 | <listitem>
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| 51 | <para>Download size: &cups-size;</para>
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| 52 | </listitem>
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| 53 | <listitem>
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| 54 | <para>Estimated disk space required: &cups-buildsize;</para>
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| 55 | </listitem>
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| 56 | <listitem>
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| 57 | <para>Estimated build time: &cups-time;</para>
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| 58 | </listitem>
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| 59 | </itemizedlist>
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| 60 |
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| 61 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Cups Dependencies</bridgehead>
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| 62 |
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| 63 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Recommended</bridgehead>
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| 64 | <para role="recommended">
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| 65 | <xref linkend="libjpeg"/>,
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| 66 | <xref linkend="libpng"/>, and
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| 67 | <xref linkend="libtiff"/>
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| 68 | </para>
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| 69 |
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| 70 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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| 71 | <para role="optional">
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| 72 | <xref linkend="dbus"/>,
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| 73 | <xref linkend="libusb"/>,
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| 74 | <xref linkend="acl"/>,
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| 75 | <xref linkend="linux-pam"/>,
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| 76 | <xref linkend="openldap"/>,
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| 77 | <xref linkend="gnutls"/> or <xref linkend="openssl"/> (looked for in that
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| 78 | order), <xref linkend="mitkrb"/>,
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| 79 | <xref linkend="php"/>,
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| 80 | <xref linkend="gs"/>,
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| 81 | <xref linkend="python2"/>,
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| 82 | <xref linkend="openjdk"/>,
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| 83 | <ulink url="http://portland.freedesktop.org/wiki/">Xdg-utils</ulink>,
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| 84 | <ulink url="http://www.openslp.org/">OpenSLP</ulink>,
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| 85 | <ulink
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| 86 | url="http://packages.debian.org/source/sid/libpaper">libpaper</ulink>,
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| 87 | <ulink url="http://www.easysw.com/htmldoc/">HTMLDOC</ulink>, and
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| 88 | <ulink url="http://valgrind.org/">Valgrind</ulink> (optionally used if
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| 89 | running the test suites)
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| 90 | </para>
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| 91 |
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| 92 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
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| 93 | <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/cups"/></para>
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| 94 |
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| 95 | </sect2>
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| 96 |
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| 97 | <sect2 role="kernel" id="cups-kernel">
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| 98 | <title>Kernel Configuration</title>
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| 99 |
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| 100 | <para>If you have a parallel printer enable the following options in your
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| 101 | kernel configuration and recompile the kernel:</para>
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| 102 |
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| 103 | <screen><literal>Device Drivers --->
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| 104 | [*] Parallel port support --->
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| 105 | [*] PC-style hardware
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| 106 | ...
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| 107 | Character devices --->
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| 108 | [*] Parallel printer support</literal></screen>
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| 109 |
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| 110 | <note><para>If you have a USB printer there is a conflict between the
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| 111 | <application>Cups</application> <application>libusb</application>
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| 112 | backend and the kernel driver. If you want to use
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| 113 | <application>Cups</application> with <application>libusb</application>
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| 114 | support <emphasis>do not</emphasis> enable USB Printer support in your
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| 115 | kernel and remove the <option>--disable-libusb</option> when you
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| 116 | configure <application>Cups</application>.</para></note>
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| 117 |
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| 118 | <para>If you want to use the kernel usblp driver enable the following
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| 119 | options in your kernel configuration and recompile the kernel:</para>
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| 120 |
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| 121 | <screen>Device Drivers --->
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| 122 | [*] USB support --->
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| 123 | ...
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| 124 | Enable support for either UHCI or OHCI, not both:
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| 125 | [*] OHCI HCD support
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| 126 | [*] UHCI HCD (most Intel and VIA) support
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| 127 | ...
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| 128 | [*] USB Printer support</screen>
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| 129 |
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| 130 | <indexterm zone="cups cups-kernel">
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| 131 | <primary sortas="d-cups">cups</primary>
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| 132 | </indexterm>
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| 133 |
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| 134 | </sect2>
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| 135 |
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| 136 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 137 | <title>Installation of Cups</title>
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| 138 |
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| 139 | <para>Create an <systemitem class="username">lp</systemitem> user, as
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| 140 | <application>Cups</application> will create some files owned by this user.
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| 141 | (The <systemitem class="username">lp</systemitem> user is the default used
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| 142 | by <application>Cups</application>, but may be changed to a different user
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| 143 | by passing a parameter to the <command>configure</command> script.) Use the
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| 144 | following command as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
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| 145 | user:</para>
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| 146 |
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| 147 | <screen role="root"><userinput>useradd -c "Print Service User" -d /dev/null -g lp -s /bin/false -u 9 lp</userinput></screen>
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| 148 |
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| 149 | <para>Install <application>Cups</application> by running the
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| 150 | following commands:</para>
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| 151 |
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| 152 | <screen><userinput>sed -i 's#@CUPS_HTMLVIEW@#firefox#' desktop/cups.desktop.in &&
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| 153 | ./configure --localstatedir=/var \
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| 154 | --disable-libusb \
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| 155 | --with-rcdir=/tmp/cupsinit \
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| 156 | --with-docdir=/usr/share/doc/cups-&cups-version; &&
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| 157 | make</userinput></screen>
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| 158 |
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| 159 | <para>To test the results, issue: <command>make check</command>. This will
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| 160 | run a basic test suite without any load testing. If you wish to run the
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| 161 | tests specifying non-default parameters, issue:
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| 162 | <command>make test</command>. Note that the <quote>torture load
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| 163 | testing</quote> test uses more resources than those displayed in the
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| 164 | prompt.</para>
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| 165 |
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| 166 | <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
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| 167 | user:</para>
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| 168 |
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| 169 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install &&
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| 170 | rm -rf /tmp/cupsinit</userinput></screen>
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| 171 |
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| 172 | <para>The <application>man</application> files are installed in compressed
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| 173 | (<filename class="extension">.gz</filename>) format. If desired, use the
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| 174 | following commands to uncompress them as the
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| 175 | <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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| 176 |
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| 177 | <screen role="root"><userinput>pushd /usr/share/man/ &&
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| 178 | find -name cups\*gz -type l -print -delete &&
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| 179 | find -name \*gz -exec gunzip -v {} \; &&
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| 180 | popd &&
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| 181 |
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| 182 | ln -v -s cupsaccept.8 /usr/share/man/man8/reject.8 &&
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| 183 | ln -v -s cupsaccept.8 /usr/share/man/man8/cupsreject.8 &&
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| 184 | ln -v -s cupsaccept.8 /usr/share/man/man8/accept.8 &&
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| 185 | ln -v -s cupsenable.8 /usr/share/man/man8/cupsdisable.8</userinput></screen>
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| 186 |
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| 187 | </sect2>
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| 188 |
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| 189 | <sect2 role="commands">
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| 190 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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| 191 |
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| 192 | <para><command>sed -i 's#@CUPS_HTMLVIEW@#firefox#' ...</command>: This
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| 193 | changes the browser that the <application>Cups</application> desktop file
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| 194 | uses for its web interface.</para>
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| 195 |
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| 196 | <para><option>--localstatedir=/var</option>: This changes the location of
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| 197 | the cache, log, run and spool directories from /usr/var to /var.</para>
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| 198 |
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| 199 | <para><option>--disable-libusb</option>: This disables the
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| 200 | <application>Cups</application> <application>libusb</application> backend.
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| 201 | If you'd like <application>Cups</application> to use
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| 202 | <application>libusb</application>, delete this option and make sure you
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| 203 | compile your kernel with: # CONFIG_USB_PRINTER is not set</para>
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| 204 |
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| 205 | <para><option>--with-rcdir=/tmp/cupsinit</option>: This option makes it install its
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| 206 | bootscript into <filename class="directory">/tmp</filename> instead of
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| 207 | <filename class="directory">/etc/rc.d</filename>.</para>
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| 208 |
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| 209 | </sect2>
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| 210 |
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| 211 | <sect2 role="configuration">
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| 212 | <title>Configuring Cups</title>
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| 213 |
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| 214 | <para>Configuration of <application>Cups</application> is dependent on
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| 215 | the type of printer and can be complex. Generally, PostScript printers
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| 216 | are easier. For detailed instructions on configuration and use of
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| 217 | <application>Cups</application>, see <ulink
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| 218 | url="http://www.cups.org/documentation.php"/>. The Software Administrators
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| 219 | Manual and Software Users Manual are particularly useful.</para>
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| 220 |
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| 221 | <para>For non-PostScript printers to print with
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| 222 | <application>Cups</application>, you need to install <xref linkend="gs"/>
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| 223 | to convert PostScript to raster images and a driver (e.g., from
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| 224 | <xref linkend="gutenprint"/>) to convert the resulting raster images to a
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| 225 | form that the printer understands.
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| 226 | <ulink url="http://www.linuxprinting.org/foomatic.html">Foomatic</ulink>
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| 227 | drivers use Ghostscript to convert PostScript to a printable form directly,
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| 228 | but this is considered to be a hack by
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| 229 | <application>Cups</application> developers.</para>
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| 230 |
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| 231 | <sect3 id="cups-init">
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| 232 | <title>Boot Script</title>
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| 233 |
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| 234 | <para>If you want the <application>Cups</application> to start
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| 235 | automatically when the system is booted, install the init script included
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| 236 | in the <xref linkend="bootscripts"/> package:</para>
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| 237 |
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| 238 | <indexterm zone="cups cups-init">
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| 239 | <primary sortas="f-cups">cups</primary>
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| 240 | </indexterm>
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| 241 |
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| 242 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install-cups</userinput></screen>
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| 243 |
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| 244 | </sect3>
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| 245 |
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| 246 | </sect2>
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| 247 |
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| 248 | <sect2 role="content">
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| 249 | <title>Contents</title>
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| 250 |
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| 251 | <segmentedlist>
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| 252 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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| 253 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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| 254 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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| 255 |
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| 256 | <seglistitem>
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| 257 | <seg>accept, cancel, cups-config, cupsaccept, cupsaddsmb, cupsctl,
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| 258 | cupsd, cupsdisable, cupsenable, cupsfilter, cupsreject, cupstestdsc,
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| 259 | cupstestppd, lp, lpadmin, lpc, lpinfo, lpmove, lpoptions, lppasswd,
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| 260 | lpq, lpr, lprm, lpstat, ppdc, ppdhtml, ppdi, ppdmerge, ppdpo,
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| 261 | reject</seg>
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| 262 | <seg>libcups.so, libcupscgi.so, libcupsdriver.so,
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| 263 | libcupsimage.so, libcupsmime.so, libcupsppdc.so, and
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| 264 | various filters and backend drivers</seg>
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| 265 | <seg>/etc/cups, /usr/include/cups, /usr/lib/cups, /usr/share/cups,
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| 266 | /usr/share/doc/cups-&cups-version;, /var/cache/cups, /var/log/cups,
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| 267 | /var/run/cups and /var/spool/cups.</seg>
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| 268 | </seglistitem>
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| 269 | </segmentedlist>
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| 270 |
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| 271 | <variablelist>
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| 272 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 273 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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| 274 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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| 275 |
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| 276 | <varlistentry id="accept">
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| 277 | <term><command>accept</command></term>
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| 278 | <listitem>
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| 279 | <para>instructs the printing system to accept print jobs to the
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| 280 | specified destinations.</para>
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| 281 | <indexterm zone="cups accept">
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| 282 | <primary sortas="b-accept">accept</primary>
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| 283 | </indexterm>
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| 284 | </listitem>
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| 285 | </varlistentry>
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| 286 |
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| 287 | <varlistentry id="cancel-cups">
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| 288 | <term><command>cancel</command></term>
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| 289 | <listitem>
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| 290 | <para>cancels existing print jobs from the print queues.</para>
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| 291 | <indexterm zone="cups cancel-cups">
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| 292 | <primary sortas="b-cancel">cancel</primary>
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| 293 | </indexterm>
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| 294 | </listitem>
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| 295 | </varlistentry>
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| 296 |
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| 297 | <varlistentry id="cups-config">
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| 298 | <term><command>cups-config</command></term>
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| 299 | <listitem>
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| 300 | <para>is a <application>Cups</application>
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| 301 | program configuration utility.</para>
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| 302 | <indexterm zone="cups cups-config">
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| 303 | <primary sortas="b-cups-config">cups-config</primary>
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| 304 | </indexterm>
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| 305 | </listitem>
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| 306 | </varlistentry>
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| 307 |
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| 308 | <varlistentry id="cupsaddsmb">
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| 309 | <term><command>cupsaddsmb</command></term>
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| 310 | <listitem>
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| 311 | <para>exports printers to the <application>Samba</application>
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| 312 | software for use with Windows clients.</para>
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| 313 | <indexterm zone="cups cupsaddsmb">
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| 314 | <primary sortas="b-cupsaddsmb">cupsaddsmb</primary>
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| 315 | </indexterm>
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| 316 | </listitem>
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| 317 | </varlistentry>
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| 318 |
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| 319 | <varlistentry id="cupsd">
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| 320 | <term><command>cupsd</command></term>
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| 321 | <listitem>
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| 322 | <para>is the scheduler for the Common Unix Printing System.</para>
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| 323 | <indexterm zone="cups cupsd">
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| 324 | <primary sortas="b-cupsd">cupsd</primary>
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| 325 | </indexterm>
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| 326 | </listitem>
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| 327 | </varlistentry>
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| 328 |
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| 329 | <varlistentry id="cupstestppd">
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| 330 | <term><command>cupstestppd</command></term>
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| 331 | <listitem>
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| 332 | <para>tests the conformance of PPD files.</para>
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| 333 | <indexterm zone="cups cupstestppd">
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| 334 | <primary sortas="b-cupstestppd">cupstestppd</primary>
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| 335 | </indexterm>
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| 336 | </listitem>
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| 337 | </varlistentry>
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| 338 |
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| 339 | <varlistentry id="disable">
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| 340 | <term><command>disable</command></term>
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| 341 | <listitem>
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| 342 | <para>stops the named printers or classes.</para>
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| 343 | <indexterm zone="cups disable">
|
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| 344 | <primary sortas="b-disable">disable</primary>
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| 345 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 346 | </listitem>
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| 347 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 348 |
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| 349 | <varlistentry id="enable">
|
|---|
| 350 | <term><command>enable</command></term>
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|---|
| 351 | <listitem>
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| 352 | <para>starts the named printers or classes.</para>
|
|---|
| 353 | <indexterm zone="cups enable">
|
|---|
| 354 | <primary sortas="b-enable">enable</primary>
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|---|
| 355 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 356 | </listitem>
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| 357 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 358 |
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| 359 | <varlistentry id="lp-cups">
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|---|
| 360 | <term><command>lp</command></term>
|
|---|
| 361 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 362 | <para>submits files for printing or alters a pending job.</para>
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|---|
| 363 | <indexterm zone="cups lp-cups">
|
|---|
| 364 | <primary sortas="b-lp">lp</primary>
|
|---|
| 365 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 366 | </listitem>
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|---|
| 367 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 368 |
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| 369 | <varlistentry id="lpadmin">
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|---|
| 370 | <term><command>lpadmin</command></term>
|
|---|
| 371 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 372 | <para>configures printer and class queues provided by
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| 373 | <application>Cups</application>.</para>
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| 374 | <indexterm zone="cups lpadmin">
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| 375 | <primary sortas="b-lpadmin">lpadmin</primary>
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| 376 | </indexterm>
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| 377 | </listitem>
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| 378 | </varlistentry>
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| 379 |
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| 380 | <varlistentry id="lpc-cups">
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| 381 | <term><command>lpc</command></term>
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| 382 | <listitem>
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| 383 | <para> provides limited control over printer and class queues
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| 384 | provided by <application>Cups</application>.</para>
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| 385 | <indexterm zone="cups lpc-cups">
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| 386 | <primary sortas="b-lpc">lpc</primary>
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| 387 | </indexterm>
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| 388 | </listitem>
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| 389 | </varlistentry>
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| 390 |
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| 391 | <varlistentry id="lpinfo">
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| 392 | <term><command>lpinfo</command></term>
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| 393 | <listitem>
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| 394 | <para>lists the available devices or drivers known to the
|
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| 395 | <application>Cups</application> server.</para>
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| 396 | <indexterm zone="cups lpinfo">
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| 397 | <primary sortas="b-lpinfo">lpinfo</primary>
|
|---|
| 398 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 399 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 400 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 401 |
|
|---|
| 402 | <varlistentry id="lpmove">
|
|---|
| 403 | <term><command>lpmove</command></term>
|
|---|
| 404 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 405 | <para>moves the specified job to a new destination.</para>
|
|---|
| 406 | <indexterm zone="cups lpmove">
|
|---|
| 407 | <primary sortas="b-lpmove">lpmove</primary>
|
|---|
| 408 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 409 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 410 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 411 |
|
|---|
| 412 | <varlistentry id="lpoptions">
|
|---|
| 413 | <term><command>lpoptions</command></term>
|
|---|
| 414 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 415 | <para>displays or sets printer options and defaults.</para>
|
|---|
| 416 | <indexterm zone="cups lpoptions">
|
|---|
| 417 | <primary sortas="b-lpoptions">lpoptions</primary>
|
|---|
| 418 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 419 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 420 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 421 |
|
|---|
| 422 | <varlistentry id="lppasswd">
|
|---|
| 423 | <term><command>lppasswd</command></term>
|
|---|
| 424 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 425 | <para>adds, changes or deletes passwords in the
|
|---|
| 426 | <application>Cups</application> digest password file
|
|---|
| 427 | <filename>passwd.md5</filename>.</para>
|
|---|
| 428 | <indexterm zone="cups lppasswd">
|
|---|
| 429 | <primary sortas="b-lppasswd">lppasswd</primary>
|
|---|
| 430 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 431 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 432 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 433 |
|
|---|
| 434 | <varlistentry id="lpq-cups">
|
|---|
| 435 | <term><command>lpq</command></term>
|
|---|
| 436 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 437 | <para>shows the current print queue status on the named printer.</para>
|
|---|
| 438 | <indexterm zone="cups lpq-cups">
|
|---|
| 439 | <primary sortas="b-lpq">lpq</primary>
|
|---|
| 440 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 441 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 442 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 443 |
|
|---|
| 444 | <varlistentry id="lpr-cups">
|
|---|
| 445 | <term><command>lpr</command></term>
|
|---|
| 446 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 447 | <para>submits files for printing.</para>
|
|---|
| 448 | <indexterm zone="cups lpr-cups">
|
|---|
| 449 | <primary sortas="b-lpr">lpr</primary>
|
|---|
| 450 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 451 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 452 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 453 |
|
|---|
| 454 | <varlistentry id="lprm-cups">
|
|---|
| 455 | <term><command>lprm</command></term>
|
|---|
| 456 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 457 | <para>cancels print jobs that have been queued for printing.</para>
|
|---|
| 458 | <indexterm zone="cups lprm-cups">
|
|---|
| 459 | <primary sortas="b-lprm">lprm</primary>
|
|---|
| 460 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 461 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 462 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 463 |
|
|---|
| 464 | <varlistentry id="lpstat-cups">
|
|---|
| 465 | <term><command>lpstat</command></term>
|
|---|
| 466 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 467 | <para>displays status information about the current classes, jobs,
|
|---|
| 468 | and printers.</para>
|
|---|
| 469 | <indexterm zone="cups lpstat-cups">
|
|---|
| 470 | <primary sortas="b-lpstat">lpstat</primary>
|
|---|
| 471 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 472 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 473 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 474 |
|
|---|
| 475 | <varlistentry id="reject">
|
|---|
| 476 | <term><command>reject</command></term>
|
|---|
| 477 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 478 | <para>instructs the printing system to reject print jobs to the
|
|---|
| 479 | specified destinations.</para>
|
|---|
| 480 | <indexterm zone="cups reject">
|
|---|
| 481 | <primary sortas="b-reject">reject</primary>
|
|---|
| 482 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 483 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 484 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 485 |
|
|---|
| 486 | </variablelist>
|
|---|
| 487 |
|
|---|
| 488 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 489 |
|
|---|
| 490 | </sect1>
|
|---|
