| 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 |
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| 7 | <!ENTITY cups-download-http "http://ftp.easysw.com/pub/cups/&cups-version;/cups-&cups-version;-source.tar.bz2">
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| 8 | <!ENTITY cups-download-ftp "ftp://ftp.easysw.com/pub/cups/&cups-version;/cups-&cups-version;-source.tar.bz2">
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| 9 | <!ENTITY cups-md5sum "50729f6fc46ba54223e0eaf5009f3419">
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| 10 | <!ENTITY cups-size "4.5 MB">
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| 11 | <!ENTITY cups-buildsize "90 MB">
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| 12 | <!ENTITY cups-time "0.7 SBU">
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| 13 | ]>
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| 14 |
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| 15 | <sect1 id="cups" xreflabel="CUPS-&cups-version;">
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| 16 | <?dbhtml filename="cups.html"?>
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| 17 |
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| 18 | <sect1info>
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| 19 | <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
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| 20 | <date>$Date$</date>
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| 21 | </sect1info>
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| 22 |
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| 23 | <title>CUPS-&cups-version;</title>
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| 24 |
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| 25 | <indexterm zone="cups">
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| 26 | <primary sortas="a-CUPS">CUPS</primary>
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| 27 | </indexterm>
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| 28 |
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| 29 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 30 | <title>Introduction to CUPS</title>
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| 31 |
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| 32 | <para>The Common Unix Printing System (CUPS) is a print spooler and
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| 33 | associated utilities. It is based on the "Internet Printing
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| 34 | Protocol" and provides printing services to most PostScript and raster
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| 35 | printers.</para>
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| 36 |
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| 37 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Package Information</bridgehead>
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| 38 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 39 | <listitem>
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| 40 | <para>Download (HTTP): <ulink url="&cups-download-http;"/></para>
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| 41 | </listitem>
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| 42 | <listitem>
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| 43 | <para>Download (FTP): <ulink url="&cups-download-ftp;"/></para>
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| 44 | </listitem>
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| 45 | <listitem>
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| 46 | <para>Download MD5 sum: &cups-md5sum;</para>
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| 47 | </listitem>
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| 48 | <listitem>
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| 49 | <para>Download size: &cups-size;</para>
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| 50 | </listitem>
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| 51 | <listitem>
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| 52 | <para>Estimated disk space required: &cups-buildsize;</para>
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| 53 | </listitem>
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| 54 | <listitem>
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| 55 | <para>Estimated build time: &cups-time;</para>
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| 56 | </listitem>
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| 57 | </itemizedlist>
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| 58 |
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| 59 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Additional Downloads</bridgehead>
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| 60 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
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| 61 | <listitem>
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| 62 | <para>Required patch: <ulink
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| 63 | url="&patch-root;/cups-&cups-version;-fix_broken_locking-1.patch"/></para>
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| 64 | </listitem>
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| 65 | </itemizedlist>
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| 66 |
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| 67 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">CUPS Dependencies</bridgehead>
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| 68 |
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| 69 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Recommended</bridgehead>
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| 70 | <para role="recommended"><xref linkend="libjpeg"/>,
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| 71 | <xref linkend="libpng"/>, and
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| 72 | <xref linkend="libtiff"/></para>
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| 73 |
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| 74 | <bridgehead renderas="sect4">Optional</bridgehead>
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| 75 | <para role="optional"><!-- <xref linkend="pkgconfig"/>, -->
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| 76 | <xref linkend="tcpwrappers"/>,
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| 77 | <xref linkend="dbus"/>,
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| 78 | <xref linkend="libusb"/>,
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| 79 | <xref linkend="acl"/>,
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| 80 | <xref linkend="linux-pam"/>,
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| 81 | <xref linkend="openldap"/>,
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| 82 | <xref linkend="gnutls"/> or <xref linkend="openssl"/> (looked for in that order),
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| 83 | <xref linkend="heimdal"/> or <xref linkend="mitkrb"/>,
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| 84 | <xref linkend="php"/>,
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| 85 | <xref linkend="gs"/>,
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| 86 | <xref linkend="python"/>,
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| 87 | <xref linkend="icedtea6"/> or <xref linkend="jdk"/>,
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| 88 | <ulink url="http://portland.freedesktop.org/wiki/">Xdg-utils</ulink>,
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| 89 | <ulink url="http://www.openslp.org/">OpenSLP</ulink>,
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| 90 | <ulink url="http://packages.debian.org/unstable/source/libpaper">libpaper</ulink>,
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| 91 | <ulink url="http://www.easysw.com/htmldoc/">HTMLDOC</ulink>, and
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| 92 | <ulink url="http://valgrind.org/">Valgrind</ulink> (optionally used if
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| 93 | running the test suites)</para>
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| 94 |
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| 95 | <para condition="html" role="usernotes">User Notes:
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| 96 | <ulink url="&blfs-wiki;/cups"/></para>
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| 97 |
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| 98 | </sect2>
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| 99 |
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| 100 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 101 | <title>Installation of CUPS</title>
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| 102 |
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| 103 | <para>Create an <systemitem class="username">lp</systemitem> user, as
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| 104 | <application>CUPS</application> will create some files owned by this user.
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| 105 | (The <systemitem class="username">lp</systemitem> user is the default used
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| 106 | by <application>CUPS</application>, but may be changed to a different user
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| 107 | by passing a parameter to the <command>configure</command> script.) Use the
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| 108 | following command as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
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| 109 | user:</para>
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| 110 |
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| 111 | <screen role="root"><userinput>useradd -c "Print Service User" -d /dev/null -g lp -s /bin/false -u 9 lp</userinput></screen>
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| 112 |
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| 113 | <note>
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| 114 | <para>If you plan to use a USB printer with
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| 115 | <application>CUPS</application>, do not enable the
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| 116 | <quote>usblp</quote> driver as either built-in or as a module in
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| 117 | your kernel configuration as it will cause the new
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| 118 | <application>CUPS</application> USB backend to fail.
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| 119 | <filename>/var/log/sys.log</filename> will contain entries similar to the
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| 120 | following:</para>
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| 121 |
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| 122 | <screen>kernel: [54631.796465] usb 4-1: usbfs: interface 0 claimed by usblp while 'usb' sets config #1</screen>
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| 123 |
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| 124 | <para>The kernel config option is
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| 125 | <parameter>CONFIG_USB_PRINTER</parameter>
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| 126 | and can be found in menuconfig under
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| 127 | <quote>Device Drivers ---> USB support --->
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| 128 | USB Printer support</quote>.</para>
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| 129 | </note>
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| 130 |
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| 131 | <para>Install <application>CUPS</application> by running the
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| 132 | following commands:</para>
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| 133 |
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| 134 | <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../cups-&cups-version;-fix_broken_locking-1.patch &&
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| 135 | ./configure --docdir=/usr/share/doc/cups-&cups-version; &&
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| 136 | make</userinput></screen>
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| 137 |
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| 138 | <para>To test the results, issue: <command>make check</command>. This will
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| 139 | run a basic test suite without any load testing. If you wish to run the
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| 140 | tests specifying non-default parameters, issue: <command>make test</command>.
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| 141 | Note that the <quote>torture load testing</quote> test uses more resources
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| 142 | than those displayed in the prompt.</para>
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| 143 |
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| 144 | <para>Now, as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
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| 145 |
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| 146 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
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| 147 |
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| 148 | <para>The <application>man</application> files are installed in compressed
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| 149 | (<filename class='extension'>.gz</filename>) format. If desired, use the
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| 150 | following commands to uncompress them:</para>
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| 151 |
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| 152 | <screen role="root"><userinput>gunzip -v /usr/share/man/man{\
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| 153 | 1/{ppd{po,merge,html,c,i},cancel,cups{-config,test{dsc,ppd}},\
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| 154 | lp{,options,passwd,q,rm,r,stat}}.1,\
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| 155 | 5/{{classes,client,cups-snmp,cupsd,printers,subscriptions,mailto}.conf,\
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| 156 | mime.{convs,types},ppdcfile}.5,\
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| 157 | 7/{backend,filter,notifier,drv}.7,\
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| 158 | 8/{accept,cups{ctl,accept,filter,d,addsmb,enable,\
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| 159 | -{deviced,driverd,lpd,polld}},lp{admin,info,move,c}}.8}.gz &&
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| 160 |
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| 161 | rm -v /usr/share/man/man8/{{,cups}reject,accept,cupsdisable}.8.gz &&
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| 162 | ln -v -s cupsaccept.8 /usr/share/man/man8/reject.8 &&
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| 163 | ln -v -s cupsaccept.8 /usr/share/man/man8/cupsreject.8 &&
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| 164 | ln -v -s cupsaccept.8 /usr/share/man/man8/accept.8 &&
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| 165 | ln -v -s cupsenable.8 /usr/share/man/man8/cupsdisable.8</userinput></screen>
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| 166 |
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| 167 | </sect2>
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| 168 |
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| 169 | <sect2 role="commands">
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| 170 | <title>Command Explanations</title>
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| 171 |
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| 172 | <para>The basic default behavior of the installation is appropriate for
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| 173 | LFS systems. <application>CUPS</application> files are placed in
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| 174 | <filename class="directory">/usr/{bin,include,lib,sbin,share/cups}</filename>,
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| 175 | <filename class="directory">/var/{cache,log,run,spool}</filename>, and
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| 176 | <filename class="directory">/etc/{cups,pam.d,dbus-1/system.d</filename></para>
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| 177 |
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| 178 | </sect2>
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| 179 |
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| 180 | <sect2 role="configuration">
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| 181 | <title>Configuring CUPS</title>
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| 182 |
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| 183 | <para>Configuration of <application>CUPS</application> is dependent on
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| 184 | the type of printer and can be complex. Generally, PostScript printers
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| 185 | are easier. For detailed instructions on configuration and use of
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| 186 | <application>CUPS</application>, see <ulink
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| 187 | url="http://www.cups.org/documentation.php"/>. The Software Administrators
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| 188 | Manual and Software Users Manual are particularly useful.</para>
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| 189 |
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| 190 | <para>For non-PostScript printers to print with
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| 191 | <application>CUPS</application>, you need to install
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| 192 | <xref linkend="gs"/> to convert PostScript to raster images
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| 193 | and a driver (e.g., from <xref linkend="gutenprint"/>) to convert
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| 194 | the resulting raster images to a form that the printer understands.
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| 195 | <ulink url="http://www.linuxprinting.org/foomatic.html">Foomatic</ulink>
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| 196 | drivers use Ghostscript to convert PostScript to a printable form directly,
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| 197 | but this is considered to be a hack by
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| 198 | <application>CUPS</application> developers.</para>
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| 199 |
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| 200 | <!-- This should be obvious, not to mention the new problem with usblp.
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| 201 | Omitting completely for now.
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| 202 |
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| 203 | <sect3 role="kernel" id="cups-kernel">
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| 204 | <title>Kernel Configuration</title>
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| 205 |
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| 206 | <para>To use your printer you will likely need the appropriate drivers
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| 207 | enabled in the kernel — for example, <quote>Parallel printer
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| 208 | support</quote> if you have a parallel port printer, or <quote>USB Printer
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| 209 | support</quote> for a USB printer.</para>
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| 210 |
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| 211 | </sect3>
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| 212 | -->
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| 213 |
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| 214 | <sect3 id="cups-init">
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| 215 | <title>Boot Script</title>
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| 216 |
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| 217 | <para>During the installation, <application>CUPS</application> added
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| 218 | startup files in <filename class="directory">/etc/rc.d</filename>.
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| 219 | These scripts will work in most cases, but will fail if you provide
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| 220 | printers to <application>Samba</application> clients. Additionally,
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| 221 | they are not consistent with standard LFS style scripts. Replace the
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| 222 | installed scripts with the scripts and symlinks included in the
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| 223 | <xref linkend="bootscripts"/> package:</para>
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| 224 |
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| 225 | <indexterm zone="cups cups-init">
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| 226 | <primary sortas="f-cups">cups</primary>
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| 227 | </indexterm>
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| 228 |
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| 229 | <screen role="root"><userinput>make install-cups</userinput></screen>
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| 230 |
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| 231 | </sect3>
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| 232 |
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| 233 | </sect2>
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| 234 |
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| 235 | <sect2 role="content">
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| 236 | <title>Contents</title>
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| 237 |
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| 238 | <segmentedlist>
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| 239 | <segtitle>Installed Programs</segtitle>
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| 240 | <segtitle>Installed Libraries</segtitle>
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| 241 | <segtitle>Installed Directories</segtitle>
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| 242 |
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| 243 | <seglistitem>
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| 244 | <seg>accept, cancel, cups-config, cupsaccept, cupsaddsmb, cupsctl,
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| 245 | cupsd, cupsdisable, cupsenable, cupsfilter, cupsreject, cupstestdsc,
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| 246 | cupstestppd, lp, lpadmin, lpc, lpinfo, lpmove, lpoptions, lppasswd,
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| 247 | lpq, lpr, lprm, lpstat, ppdc, ppdhtml, ppdi, ppdmerge, ppdpo, reject</seg>
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| 248 | <seg>libcups.{so,a}, libcupscgi.{so,a}, libcupsdriver.{so,a},
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| 249 | libcupsimage.{so,a}, libcupsmime.{so,a}, libcupsppdc.{so,a}, and
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| 250 | various filters and backend drivers</seg>
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| 251 | <seg>/etc/cups, /usr/include/cups, /usr/lib/cups, /usr/share/cups,
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| 252 | /usr/share/doc/cups-&cups-version;, and
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| 253 | /var/{cache,log,run,spool}/cups</seg>
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| 254 | </seglistitem>
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| 255 | </segmentedlist>
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| 256 |
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| 257 | <variablelist>
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| 258 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 259 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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| 260 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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| 261 |
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| 262 | <varlistentry id="accept">
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| 263 | <term><command>accept</command></term>
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| 264 | <listitem>
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| 265 | <para>instructs the printing system to accept print jobs to the
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| 266 | specified destinations.</para>
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| 267 | <indexterm zone="cups accept">
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| 268 | <primary sortas="b-accept">accept</primary>
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| 269 | </indexterm>
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| 270 | </listitem>
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| 271 | </varlistentry>
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| 272 |
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| 273 | <varlistentry id="cancel-cups">
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| 274 | <term><command>cancel</command></term>
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| 275 | <listitem>
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| 276 | <para>cancels existing print jobs from the print queues.</para>
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| 277 | <indexterm zone="cups cancel-cups">
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| 278 | <primary sortas="b-cancel">cancel</primary>
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| 279 | </indexterm>
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| 280 | </listitem>
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| 281 | </varlistentry>
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| 282 |
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| 283 | <varlistentry id="cups-config">
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| 284 | <term><command>cups-config</command></term>
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| 285 | <listitem>
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| 286 | <para>is a <application>CUPS</application>
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| 287 | program configuration utility.</para>
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| 288 | <indexterm zone="cups cups-config">
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| 289 | <primary sortas="b-cups-config">cups-config</primary>
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| 290 | </indexterm>
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| 291 | </listitem>
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| 292 | </varlistentry>
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| 293 |
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| 294 | <varlistentry id="cupsaddsmb">
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| 295 | <term><command>cupsaddsmb</command></term>
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| 296 | <listitem>
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| 297 | <para>exports printers to the <application>Samba</application>
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| 298 | software for use with Windows clients.</para>
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| 299 | <indexterm zone="cups cupsaddsmb">
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| 300 | <primary sortas="b-cupsaddsmb">cupsaddsmb</primary>
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| 301 | </indexterm>
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| 302 | </listitem>
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| 303 | </varlistentry>
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| 304 |
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| 305 | <varlistentry id="cupsd">
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| 306 | <term><command>cupsd</command></term>
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| 307 | <listitem>
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| 308 | <para>is the scheduler for the Common Unix Printing System.</para>
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| 309 | <indexterm zone="cups cupsd">
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| 310 | <primary sortas="b-cupsd">cupsd</primary>
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| 311 | </indexterm>
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| 312 | </listitem>
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| 313 | </varlistentry>
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| 314 |
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| 315 | <varlistentry id="cupstestppd">
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| 316 | <term><command>cupstestppd</command></term>
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| 317 | <listitem>
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| 318 | <para>tests the conformance of PPD files.</para>
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| 319 | <indexterm zone="cups cupstestppd">
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| 320 | <primary sortas="b-cupstestppd">cupstestppd</primary>
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| 321 | </indexterm>
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| 322 | </listitem>
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| 323 | </varlistentry>
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| 324 |
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| 325 | <varlistentry id="disable">
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| 326 | <term><command>disable</command></term>
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| 327 | <listitem>
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| 328 | <para>stops the named printers or classes.</para>
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| 329 | <indexterm zone="cups disable">
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| 330 | <primary sortas="b-disable">disable</primary>
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| 331 | </indexterm>
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| 332 | </listitem>
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| 333 | </varlistentry>
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| 334 |
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| 335 | <varlistentry id="enable">
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| 336 | <term><command>enable</command></term>
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| 337 | <listitem>
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| 338 | <para>starts the named printers or classes.</para>
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| 339 | <indexterm zone="cups enable">
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| 340 | <primary sortas="b-enable">enable</primary>
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| 341 | </indexterm>
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| 342 | </listitem>
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| 343 | </varlistentry>
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| 344 |
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| 345 | <varlistentry id="lp-cups">
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| 346 | <term><command>lp</command></term>
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| 347 | <listitem>
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| 348 | <para>submits files for printing or alters a pending job.</para>
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| 349 | <indexterm zone="cups lp-cups">
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| 350 | <primary sortas="b-lp">lp</primary>
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| 351 | </indexterm>
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| 352 | </listitem>
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| 353 | </varlistentry>
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| 354 |
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| 355 | <varlistentry id="lpadmin">
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| 356 | <term><command>lpadmin</command></term>
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| 357 | <listitem>
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| 358 | <para>configures printer and class queues provided by
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| 359 | <application>CUPS</application>.</para>
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| 360 | <indexterm zone="cups lpadmin">
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| 361 | <primary sortas="b-lpadmin">lpadmin</primary>
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| 362 | </indexterm>
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| 363 | </listitem>
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| 364 | </varlistentry>
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| 365 |
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| 366 | <varlistentry id="lpc-cups">
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| 367 | <term><command>lpc</command></term>
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| 368 | <listitem>
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| 369 | <para> provides limited control over printer and class queues
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| 370 | provided by <application>CUPS</application>.</para>
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| 371 | <indexterm zone="cups lpc-cups">
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| 372 | <primary sortas="b-lpc">lpc</primary>
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| 373 | </indexterm>
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| 374 | </listitem>
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| 375 | </varlistentry>
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| 376 |
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| 377 | <varlistentry id="lpinfo">
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| 378 | <term><command>lpinfo</command></term>
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| 379 | <listitem>
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| 380 | <para>lists the available devices or drivers known to the
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| 381 | <application>CUPS</application> server.</para>
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| 382 | <indexterm zone="cups lpinfo">
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| 383 | <primary sortas="b-lpinfo">lpinfo</primary>
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| 384 | </indexterm>
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| 385 | </listitem>
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| 386 | </varlistentry>
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| 387 |
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| 388 | <varlistentry id="lpmove">
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| 389 | <term><command>lpmove</command></term>
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| 390 | <listitem>
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| 391 | <para>moves the specified job to a new destination.</para>
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| 392 | <indexterm zone="cups lpmove">
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| 393 | <primary sortas="b-lpmove">lpmove</primary>
|
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| 394 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 395 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 396 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 397 |
|
|---|
| 398 | <varlistentry id="lpoptions">
|
|---|
| 399 | <term><command>lpoptions</command></term>
|
|---|
| 400 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 401 | <para>displays or sets printer options and defaults.</para>
|
|---|
| 402 | <indexterm zone="cups lpoptions">
|
|---|
| 403 | <primary sortas="b-lpoptions">lpoptions</primary>
|
|---|
| 404 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 405 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 406 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 407 |
|
|---|
| 408 | <varlistentry id="lppasswd">
|
|---|
| 409 | <term><command>lppasswd</command></term>
|
|---|
| 410 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 411 | <para>adds, changes or deletes passwords in the
|
|---|
| 412 | <application>CUPS</application> digest password file
|
|---|
| 413 | <filename>passwd.md5</filename>.</para>
|
|---|
| 414 | <indexterm zone="cups lppasswd">
|
|---|
| 415 | <primary sortas="b-lppasswd">lppasswd</primary>
|
|---|
| 416 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 417 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 418 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 419 |
|
|---|
| 420 | <varlistentry id="lpq-cups">
|
|---|
| 421 | <term><command>lpq</command></term>
|
|---|
| 422 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 423 | <para>shows the current print queue status on the named printer.</para>
|
|---|
| 424 | <indexterm zone="cups lpq-cups">
|
|---|
| 425 | <primary sortas="b-lpq">lpq</primary>
|
|---|
| 426 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 427 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 428 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 429 |
|
|---|
| 430 | <varlistentry id="lpr-cups">
|
|---|
| 431 | <term><command>lpr</command></term>
|
|---|
| 432 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 433 | <para>submits files for printing.</para>
|
|---|
| 434 | <indexterm zone="cups lpr-cups">
|
|---|
| 435 | <primary sortas="b-lpr">lpr</primary>
|
|---|
| 436 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 437 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 438 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 439 |
|
|---|
| 440 | <varlistentry id="lprm-cups">
|
|---|
| 441 | <term><command>lprm</command></term>
|
|---|
| 442 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 443 | <para>cancels print jobs that have been queued for printing.</para>
|
|---|
| 444 | <indexterm zone="cups lprm-cups">
|
|---|
| 445 | <primary sortas="b-lprm">lprm</primary>
|
|---|
| 446 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 447 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 448 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 449 |
|
|---|
| 450 | <varlistentry id="lpstat-cups">
|
|---|
| 451 | <term><command>lpstat</command></term>
|
|---|
| 452 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 453 | <para>displays status information about the current classes, jobs,
|
|---|
| 454 | and printers.</para>
|
|---|
| 455 | <indexterm zone="cups lpstat-cups">
|
|---|
| 456 | <primary sortas="b-lpstat">lpstat</primary>
|
|---|
| 457 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 458 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 459 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 460 |
|
|---|
| 461 | <varlistentry id="reject">
|
|---|
| 462 | <term><command>reject</command></term>
|
|---|
| 463 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 464 | <para>instructs the printing system to reject print jobs to the
|
|---|
| 465 | specified destinations.</para>
|
|---|
| 466 | <indexterm zone="cups reject">
|
|---|
| 467 | <primary sortas="b-reject">reject</primary>
|
|---|
| 468 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 469 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 470 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 471 |
|
|---|
| 472 | </variablelist>
|
|---|
| 473 |
|
|---|
| 474 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 475 |
|
|---|
| 476 | </sect1>
|
|---|
